JPH03121982A - Frp structure body - Google Patents
Frp structure bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03121982A JPH03121982A JP1259793A JP25979389A JPH03121982A JP H03121982 A JPH03121982 A JP H03121982A JP 1259793 A JP1259793 A JP 1259793A JP 25979389 A JP25979389 A JP 25979389A JP H03121982 A JPH03121982 A JP H03121982A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- frp
- cylindrical bodies
- cylindrical body
- impact
- longitudinal direction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はＦＲＰ構造体、更に詳しくは衝撃的な圧縮力を
吸収することができるＦＲＰ構造体に関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an FRP structure, and more particularly to an FRP structure capable of absorbing impactive compressive forces.
ＦＲＰ （繊維強化樹脂）構造体は軽量で強度が大きく
、耐腐食性や成形性に優れているなどの種々の利点を有
することから、各種の分野における応用が検討されてい
る。例えば自動車への応用においては、部品や外板のみ
ならず構造部材への応用も検討されている。ところで鋼
製のフレームを有するトラックやトラクタなどの重量の
大きな車両用として、実開昭５９−１９６３７３号公報
には、車両フレームの前端又は後端部分におけるサイト
レールに適数の凹所を設け、フレーム長手方向に作用す
る設定値以上の衝撃力によって上記サイトレールが上記
凹所の部分で座屈変形を生起するように構成したことを
特徴とする車両用衝撃吸収装置が開示されている。FRP (fiber-reinforced resin) structures have various advantages such as being lightweight, having high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and moldability, and are therefore being considered for application in various fields. For example, in applications to automobiles, applications are being considered not only for parts and outer panels but also for structural members. By the way, for heavy vehicles such as trucks and tractors having steel frames, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-196373 discloses that an appropriate number of recesses are provided in the sight rail at the front or rear end of the vehicle frame. A shock absorbing device for a vehicle is disclosed, characterized in that the site rail is configured to cause buckling deformation in the recessed portion due to an impact force acting in the longitudinal direction of the frame that exceeds a set value.
ＦＲＰ構造体の衝撃エネルギー吸収特性は第７図に示す
如く、材料そのものが持つ脆性的な破壊特性のために鋼
製構造物に比べて衝撃エネルギー吸収量が少ない。その
ため、前述の衝撃吸収の技術をＦＲＰ構造体に応用する
場合には、ＦＲＰ構造体を大型化することで所望とする
エネルギー吸収量を満足することが考えられるが、大型
化によりＦＲＰ構造体の持つ有意性がそこなわれてしま
う。又、強化繊維の配向角を調整することによりエネル
ギー吸収量を高める検討が行なわれている。しかし、強
化繊維を所定方向に配向させるためには例えばフィラメ
ントワインディング法などの方法を用いて別途製造する
必要があり、製造工程も複雑となる。As shown in FIG. 7, the impact energy absorption characteristics of FRP structures are smaller than those of steel structures due to the brittle fracture characteristics of the material itself. Therefore, when applying the above-mentioned shock absorption technology to an FRP structure, it is possible to satisfy the desired amount of energy absorption by increasing the size of the FRP structure. The significance of the system will be lost. Further, studies are being conducted to increase the amount of energy absorption by adjusting the orientation angle of reinforcing fibers. However, in order to orient the reinforcing fibers in a predetermined direction, it is necessary to separately manufacture the reinforcing fibers using a method such as a filament winding method, and the manufacturing process becomes complicated.
又、強化繊維を配向させたＦＲＰ部品と他のＦＲＰ部品
とは特性が異なるため、相互の接合が非常に困難である
。それ故、簡単な構造で衝撃エネルギー吸収力を向上さ
せたＦＲＰ構造体が望まれていた。Furthermore, since the FRP parts with oriented reinforcing fibers and other FRP parts have different characteristics, it is very difficult to join them together. Therefore, there has been a desire for an FRP structure that has a simple structure and improved impact energy absorption ability.
本発明は上記従来技術における問題点を解決するための
ものであり、その目的とするところは充分な衝撃エネル
ギー吸収量を有し、且つ製造が容易なＦＲＰ構造体を提
供することにある。The present invention is intended to solve the problems in the prior art described above, and its purpose is to provide an FRP structure that has sufficient impact energy absorption and is easy to manufacture.
［課題を解決するための手段〕
すなわち本発明のＦＲＰ構造体は、互いに径を異にする
少なくとも二つのＦＲＰ製の筒状体が長手方向に沿って
強度が最も弱い部分である段差部を設けて接続され、前
記筒状体の少なくとも一つの内周面又は外周面に、長手
方向に沿って衝撃を受けることにより前記段差部で破壊
されて一つの筒状体が他の筒状体の内部又は外部に嵌合
する際に破壊される複数の凸部が、長手方向に沿って設
けられていることを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problem] That is, in the FRP structure of the present invention, at least two cylindrical bodies made of FRP having different diameters are provided with a stepped portion in the longitudinal direction where the strength is the weakest. When the inner circumferential surface or outer circumferential surface of at least one of the cylindrical bodies receives an impact along the longitudinal direction, the one cylindrical body is destroyed at the step part, and one cylindrical body is damaged inside the other cylindrical body. Alternatively, it is characterized in that a plurality of convex portions that are destroyed when fitting to the outside are provided along the longitudinal direction.
本発明の構造体に用いるＦＲＰは慣用のものであってよ
い。例えば基材樹脂としては熱硬化性樹脂例えば不飽和
ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メ
ラミン樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂例えばポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、
ポリアミド樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、等を挙げることが
できる。強化繊維としては無機繊維例えばガラス繊維、
炭素繊維、硼素繊維、有機繊維例えばポリアラミド繊維
、等の短繊維、長繊維又は連続繊維を挙げることができ
る。前記基材樹脂及び強化繊維は各々単独又は組合せて
用いてよい。The FRP used in the structure of the present invention may be a conventional FRP. For example, base resins include thermosetting resins such as unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, melamine resins, thermoplastic resins such as polyvinyl chloride resins,
Examples include polyamide resin, polystyrene resin, and the like. Examples of reinforcing fibers include inorganic fibers such as glass fibers,
Short fibers, long fibers or continuous fibers such as carbon fibers, boron fibers, organic fibers such as polyaramid fibers can be mentioned. The base resin and reinforcing fibers may be used alone or in combination.
ＦＲＰ製の筒状体の大きさ及び形状は適宜選択する。形
状は例えば円筒状、角筒状などであってよい。又、筒状
体の数は二つ以上の適当数を用いる。The size and shape of the FRP cylindrical body are selected as appropriate. The shape may be, for example, cylindrical or prismatic. Further, an appropriate number of cylindrical bodies of two or more is used.
少なくとも二つのＦＲＰ製の筒状体の接続部である段差
部は、長手方向に衝撃を受けた場合にこの箇所で破壊さ
れるように強度を最も弱くする。段差部は筒状体ととも
に一体成形してもよいし、又は予め筒状体を別々に成形
した後、接着剤又は接続部材を用いて筒状体を接続する
ことにより形成してもよい。尚、段差部は厚さを薄くす
ること以外に、切欠を設けることにより強度を弱くして
もよい。The strength of the stepped portion, which is the connecting portion of at least two FRP cylindrical bodies, is made the weakest so that it will be broken at this point when subjected to an impact in the longitudinal direction. The stepped portion may be integrally molded with the cylindrical body, or may be formed by separately molding the cylindrical body in advance and then connecting the cylindrical bodies using an adhesive or a connecting member. In addition to reducing the thickness of the stepped portion, the strength may be reduced by providing a notch.
筒状体の接続方法は特に限定されず、例えば順に大きさ
を異ならしめて接続してもよいし、又はそうでなくても
よい。又、筒状体は、二つ以上が間隙を設けて嵌合され
た多重筒として、その間隙に凸部（又は両側の凸部が連
結した区画壁）を設けたものを用いることもできる。The method of connecting the cylindrical bodies is not particularly limited, and for example, the cylindrical bodies may be connected in order of different sizes, or may not be connected. Further, the cylindrical body may be a multi-tube structure in which two or more tubes are fitted with a gap between them, and a convex portion (or a partition wall in which the convex portions on both sides are connected) is provided in the gap.
凸部は筒状体の内周面のみ又は外周面のみ又は内周面及
び外周面に、長手方向に沿って複数個、所定間隔で設け
る。凸部の大きさ、形状、数、間隔などは衝撃エネルギ
ー吸収特性が最適となるように決定する。凸部は筒状体
と一体成形してもよいし、又は別に成形した後、接着剤
又は接続部材を用いて筒状体に結合させてもよい。A plurality of convex portions are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction only on the inner circumferential surface, only on the outer circumferential surface, or on the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical body. The size, shape, number, spacing, etc. of the convex portions are determined to optimize impact energy absorption characteristics. The convex portion may be integrally molded with the cylindrical body, or may be molded separately and then bonded to the cylindrical body using an adhesive or a connecting member.
前述の鋼製構造物の衝撃吸収の技術は衝撃を受けた場合
に塑性変形を生じ、これにより衝撃エネルギーが吸収さ
れるのに対して、本発明のＦＲＰ構造体が長手方向に沿
って衝撃を受けると、最初に段差部が破壊され、次いで
一つの筒状体が他の筒状体の内部又は外部に嵌合する際
に複数の凸部が順次破壊されるので、この連続的破壊に
より衝撃エネルギーが順次吸収される。The above-mentioned impact absorption technology for steel structures generates plastic deformation when subjected to impact, thereby absorbing impact energy, whereas the FRP structure of the present invention absorbs impact along the longitudinal direction. When subjected to impact, the stepped portion is first destroyed, and then when one cylindrical body fits inside or outside of another cylindrical body, the multiple convex portions are successively destroyed, so this continuous destruction causes the impact Energy is absorbed sequentially.
［実施例］
以下の実施例及び比較例により本発明を更に詳細に説明
する。なお、本発明は下記実施例に限定されるものでは
ない。[Examples] The present invention will be explained in more detail with the following Examples and Comparative Examples. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
実施例１
ウレタンコアである発泡体５を成形し、これにガラス繊
維（連続繊維）を巻き付けた後成形型内に配置し、次い
で基材樹脂として不飽和ポリエステル樹脂６０重量部と
強化繊維としてガラス繊維（平均直径１５μｍ、平均長
さ２１ｎｃｈ）４０重量部とからなる成形組成物を所定
条件下で注型して外殻を成形することにより、１図に示
す実施例１のＦＲＰ構造体を得た。第１図中、１は大径
部、２は小径部、３は最弱部である。Example 1 A foam 5 which is a urethane core is molded, glass fiber (continuous fiber) is wound around it, and then placed in a mold, and then 60 parts by weight of an unsaturated polyester resin as a base resin and glass as a reinforcing fiber are formed. The FRP structure of Example 1 shown in Figure 1 was obtained by casting a molding composition consisting of 40 parts by weight of fibers (average diameter 15 μm, average length 21 nch) under predetermined conditions to mold the outer shell. Ta. In FIG. 1, 1 is a large diameter part, 2 is a small diameter part, and 3 is the weakest part.
尚、図中の矢印は衝撃力を受ける方向を示す。Note that the arrow in the figure indicates the direction in which the impact force is received.
又、第２図は第１図のＡ−Ａ線に沿った断面図の中心線
を境とした半分を示す。第２図中、４は凸部、５は発泡
体を示す。Further, FIG. 2 shows a half of the cross-sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG. 1, with the center line as the border. In FIG. 2, 4 indicates a convex portion and 5 indicates a foam.
以下、同様の材料及び方法を用いて、実施例２〜４及び
比較例のＦＲＰ構遺構製体た。尚、発泡体５は設けなか
った。Hereinafter, FRP structures of Examples 2 to 4 and a comparative example were constructed using similar materials and methods. Note that the foam 5 was not provided.
実施例２
第３図に実施例２のＦＲＰ構遺構製体す。本例では凸部
４を小径部２の外周面に設けた構造とした。Example 2 FIG. 3 shows the FRP structure of Example 2. In this example, the convex portion 4 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 2.
実施例３
第４図に実施例３のＦＲＰ構造体を示す。本例では大径
部１と小径部２とからなる二重筒の隙間に凸部４を設け
、これを最弱部３で中径部６と接続した。Example 3 FIG. 4 shows an FRP structure of Example 3. In this example, a convex portion 4 is provided in the gap between the double tube consisting of the large diameter portion 1 and the small diameter portion 2, and this is connected to the medium diameter portion 6 at the weakest portion 3.
実施例４
第５図に実施例４のＦＲＰ構造体を示す。本例では大径
部１の内周面と小径部２の外周面に凸部４を設けた。大
径部１と小径部２の両方に凸部４を設けたことにより凸
部４の破壊頻度が増大し、衝撃エネルギー吸収曲線の変
動が少なく滑らかになる。Example 4 FIG. 5 shows an FRP structure of Example 4. In this example, convex portions 4 are provided on the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter portion 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the small diameter portion 2. By providing the convex portions 4 on both the large diameter portion 1 and the small diameter portion 2, the frequency of breakage of the convex portions 4 increases, and the impact energy absorption curve becomes smooth with less fluctuation.
比較例
凸部４を設けないこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、比
較例のＦＲＰ構造体を得た。Comparative Example An FRP structure of a comparative example was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the convex portion 4 was not provided.
〈性能評価〉
実施例１及び比較例のＦＲＰ構造体を長手方向に圧縮し
た場合の、ストロークの変化に対する圧縮荷重の変化を
調べた。結果を第６図に示す。図から明らかな如く、本
発明のＦＲＰ構造体は従来のＦＲＰ構遺構製体べて全体
的に圧縮荷重の変動が少なく且つ初期破断後の圧縮荷重
が遥かに大きい。これは、本発明のＦＲＰ構造体におい
ては長手方向に圧縮すると最初に最弱部３が破壊され、
次いで小径部２が大径部１内に潜り込んでいく。この際
、大径ＮＩｌの内周面にある一番目の凸部４に小径部２
の先端部が当り最弱部３の破壊後の急激な荷重低下が食
い止められる。そして更に圧縮荷重が加わると一番目の
凸部４が破壊され、二番目の凸部４に小径部２の先端部
が当る。このような破壊を連続的に発生させることによ
り、従来のＦＲＰ構造体に比べてエネルギー吸収量を太
き（することができる。尚、凸部４が破壊されていく際
の圧縮荷重は、凸部４の形状、材質等の性状を変化させ
ることにより要求に応じて調節することができる。<Performance Evaluation> When the FRP structures of Example 1 and Comparative Example were compressed in the longitudinal direction, changes in compression load with respect to changes in stroke were investigated. The results are shown in Figure 6. As is clear from the figure, the FRP structure of the present invention has less overall variation in compressive load than conventional FRP structures, and the compressive load after initial fracture is much larger. This is because in the FRP structure of the present invention, when compressed in the longitudinal direction, the weakest part 3 is destroyed first,
Next, the small diameter portion 2 sinks into the large diameter portion 1. At this time, the small diameter portion 2 is attached to the first convex portion 4 on the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter NIl.
The tip of the contact point hits the weakest part 3 and prevents the sudden drop in load after the weakest part 3 is broken. When a compressive load is further applied, the first convex portion 4 is destroyed, and the tip of the small diameter portion 2 hits the second convex portion 4. By continuously generating such destruction, it is possible to increase the energy absorption amount compared to conventional FRP structures.The compressive load when the convex portion 4 is destroyed is It can be adjusted as required by changing the shape, material, and other properties of the portion 4.
〔発明の効果１
上述の如く本発明のＦＲＰ構造体は、筒状体の内周面又
は外周面に筒状体が長手方向に圧縮される際に順次破壊
される複数の凸部が長手方向に沿って設けられているた
め、従来の凸部が設けられていないＦＲＰ構遺構製体べ
て衝撃エネルギー吸収量が多く、又、筒状体の圧縮変形
に伴う衝撃エネルギー吸収量の変動が少なく、優れた衝
撃エネルギー吸収特性を示す。又、その製造においても
、凸部を設けること以外は従来のＦＲＰ構造体の製造方
法と同様であるので容易に実施可能である。又、種々の
性状のものも一体成形により容易に製造できるので金属
製の衝撃吸収装置に比べて製造が容易である。更に、基
材樹脂や強化繊維の種類や組合せを変えることにより種
々の変形が可能であり、適用範囲が広い。[Effect of the invention 1 As described above, the FRP structure of the present invention has a plurality of protrusions that are sequentially destroyed when the cylindrical body is compressed in the longitudinal direction on the inner circumferential surface or the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical body. Because it is provided along the cylindrical body, the amount of impact energy absorbed is large compared to conventional FRP structures without convex parts, and there is little variation in the amount of impact energy absorbed due to compressive deformation of the cylindrical body. , exhibits excellent impact energy absorption properties. Further, the manufacturing method is the same as the manufacturing method of conventional FRP structures except for providing the convex portions, so it can be easily carried out. In addition, since shock absorbers with various properties can be easily manufactured by integral molding, they are easier to manufacture than metal shock absorbers. Furthermore, various modifications can be made by changing the types and combinations of the base resin and reinforcing fibers, and the range of application is wide.
第１図は本発明のＦＲＰ構造体の実施例１の斜視図、
第２図は第１図のＡ −Ａ ＃Ｊｌに沿った断面図の中
心線を境とした半分を示す半断面図、第３図ないし第５
図は本発明の実施例２ないし４の第２図と同様の半断面
図、
第６図は本発明及び従来のＦＲＰ構造体を長手方向に圧
縮した場合の、ストロークの変化に対する圧縮荷重の変
化を示す図、
第７図は各種材料の脆性的な破壊特性を示す図である。
図中、FIG. 1 is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the FRP structure of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a half sectional view showing half of the cross-sectional view taken along A-A #Jl in FIG. Figures 3 to 5
The figure is a half-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of Examples 2 to 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a change in compression load with respect to a change in stroke when the FRP structure of the present invention and a conventional FRP structure are compressed in the longitudinal direction. Figure 7 is a diagram showing the brittle fracture characteristics of various materials. In the figure,
Claims (1)
が長手方向に沿って強度が最も弱い部分である段差部を
設けて接続され、前記筒状体の少なくとも一つの内周面
又は外周面に、長手方向に沿って衝撃を受けることによ
り前記段差部で破壊されて一つの筒状体が他の筒状体の
内部又は外部に嵌合する際に破壊される複数の凸部が、
長手方向に沿って設けられていることを特徴とするＦＲ
Ｐ構造体。At least two cylindrical bodies made of FRP having different diameters are connected with a stepped portion having the weakest strength along the longitudinal direction, and at least one inner circumferential surface or outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical bodies is provided. and a plurality of convex portions that are destroyed at the step portion by receiving an impact along the longitudinal direction and are destroyed when one cylindrical body is fitted inside or outside of another cylindrical body,
FR characterized by being provided along the longitudinal direction
P structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1259793A JPH07100459B2 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | FRP structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1259793A JPH07100459B2 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | FRP structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03121982A true JPH03121982A (en) | 1991-05-23 |
| JPH07100459B2 JPH07100459B2 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
Family
ID=17339071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1259793A Expired - Lifetime JPH07100459B2 (en) | 1989-10-04 | 1989-10-04 | FRP structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07100459B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5671621A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1997-09-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Key cylinder device for an automobile |
| JP2005536392A (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2005-12-02 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Energy absorber for automobile pedestrian |
| JP2016527119A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2016-09-08 | ティッセンクルップ スチール ヨーロッパ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトＴｈｙｓｓｅｎＫｒｕｐｐ Ｓｔｅｅｌ Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ ＡＧ | Side panel assembly for passenger cars |
-
1989
- 1989-10-04 JP JP1259793A patent/JPH07100459B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5671621A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1997-09-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Key cylinder device for an automobile |
| JP2005536392A (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2005-12-02 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Energy absorber for automobile pedestrian |
| JP2016527119A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2016-09-08 | ティッセンクルップ スチール ヨーロッパ アクチェンゲゼルシャフトＴｈｙｓｓｅｎＫｒｕｐｐ Ｓｔｅｅｌ Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ ＡＧ | Side panel assembly for passenger cars |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07100459B2 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
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