JPH03116621A - High-speed large-current switch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten cut-off time by generating such a force as assisting in cutting off large currents while avoiding the loss of the speed of a working body achieved by explosion of an explosive as much as possible. CONSTITUTION:A working body 2 is moved by explosion forces of an explosive and a protruding portion 22 cuts off a cutting portion 32, and the working body 2 is further moved toward a channel 53 while breaking in between auxiliary conductors 61, 62. Because the cutting portion 32 is cut by the protruding portion 22, a current flowing through the cutting portion 32 is commutated to the auxiliary conductors 61, 62 and an arc shortcircuiting the auxiliary conductors is generated and temperature within a space 52 is raised by the arc and pressure is built up therein, and currents flowing through the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 are made to flow parallel to each other in opposite directions so that a repulsive force works between the auxiliary conductors 61, 62. By the repulsive force the lower end portions of the auxiliary conductors 61, 62 are detached from lower mounting channels 401,402 and are rapidly separated from each other so that the volume of the space 52 is suddenly increased. As a result, pressure buildup achieved by the arc is cancelled out and a force decelerating the working body is decreased so that the working body further advances to cut the arc; the arc is thereby extinguished and cutoff of the large current is completed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a high-speed, large-current switch that cuts off a large current on the order of microseconds.

[Conventional technology]

A high-speed, large-current switch that utilizes the explosive power of explosives is known as a switch that cuts off such a large current at a high speed on the order of microseconds.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the schematic structure of this conventional high-speed, large-current switch, which includes a support 4A consisting of an upper support 41A and a lower support 42A, and a groove 5A provided in the center of the support 4A. , a movable protrusion 22A inserted into this groove 5^
A conductor 3A is provided which is supported by being sandwiched between an acting body 2A, upper and lower supports 41A and 42A. There is.

Leads (not shown) are connected to the parts of the conductor 3A protruding from the left and right sides of the support body 4A shown in the figure by tightening bolts, etc., and a large current flows through these leads. located above conductor 3A,
Conductor 3A is left conductor 31A1 cut section 32A, right conductor 33A
are connected to form a single conductor.

The switching action to cut off the large it current flowing through the conductor 3A is performed in the following order. When the explosive 1 provided on the upper part of the pressure receiving part 21A is ignited and exploded, a downward explosive force F1 is transmitted to the acting body 2A via the pressure receiving part 21A, and the acting body 2A is rapidly accelerated by this explosive force P1. and moves downward in the groove 5A at extremely high speed. The tip of the protrusion 22A hits the cut portion 32A of the conductor 3A bridging the groove 5A, and the protrusion 22A moves further down the groove 5A, thereby cutting the cut portion 32A. The cutting portion 32A is pushed into the groove 5A together with the projection 22A, and the cutting portion 32A is pushed into the groove 5A together with the projection 22A.
The current flowing through the conductor 3A due to the disconnection of A becomes an arc and maintains an electrical short circuit between the disconnected conductors 3A, but this arc is obstructed by the protrusion 22A and disappears. At this point, the current flowing through the conductor 3A is cut off. The protrusion 22A further advances and hits the bottom of the groove 5A, thereby completing all stop switching operations.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the configuration described above, the cutting speed of the conductor 3^ is the same as that of the acting body 2.
The speed of A is the upper limit, and its value is the number n of micro beams
Therefore, the conductor cannot be cut at a faster speed than this, and the expansion force of the air is generated in the groove 5A due to the temperature rise due to the arc generated after the conductor 3A is cut, and the protrusion 2
Since an upward force is exerted on the force 2A, there is a problem that the speed of the force 2A decreases because it acts as a force that decelerates the high-speed movement of the force 2A caused by the explosive force F.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed, large-current switch that shortens the interruption time by generating a force that helps interrupt the large current without losing as much as possible the velocity of the actuating body caused by the explosive force of the explosive. do.

[Means for solving espionage]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, there is provided a conductor made of a flat plate-shaped highly conductive metal material for passing a large current, and an upper support made of an insulating material having a through hole of a constant width in the center. The conductor is fixed across the through hole on the upper support, and is placed opposite the surface of the upper support at a predetermined distance from the surface on which the conductor is arranged, and has an opening on the surface facing the upper support. a lower support member made of an insulating material and having a groove having the same width as the through hole; A working body made of an insulating material is inserted and stopped at the bottom of the groove, and one end is inserted into a groove provided in the conductor section located at both ends of the through hole of the upper support body, and the through hole is inserted into the through hole. A pair of auxiliary conductors made of a highly conductive metal material arranged parallel to each other are provided, the other ends of which are inserted into grooves provided at both ends of the groove of the lower support body facing both ends of the hole, and the acting body is Driven by the explosive force of the explosive, its tip passes through the through hole, cuts the bridging portion of the through hole of the conductor, enters the groove, hits the bottom of the groove, and stops, thereby causing the conductor to It is assumed that the large current flowing through the circuit is quickly interrupted.

[Effect]

In the initial state, the tip of the acting body is inserted into the through hole provided in the upper support, and the acting body is accelerated by the explosive force of the explosive and moves at ultra high speed in the direction of the lower support, causing it to act. The cutting portion is cut by the tip of the body passing through the cutting portion serving as a conductor bridging the through hole.

When the conductor is cut, current flows to the auxiliary conductor, which is electrically connected by inserting one end into the groove provided in the conductor, and the two parallel auxiliary conductors are short-circuited by an arc at the tip of the acting body. The zero effector, now electrically connected, advances further, pushing the arc towards the lower support. In this case, the arc increases the temperature in the space between the auxiliary conductors, which increases the pressure, and this pressure increase becomes an iodine that acts as a decelerating force on the active body and prolongs the cut-off time. Since the currents in the pair or two auxiliary conductors are in opposite directions, a repulsive force is generated between the auxiliary conductors, and the auxiliary conductors arranged in parallel are displaced in a direction away from each other. Due to this dissociation between the auxiliary conductors, the space between the auxiliary conductors rapidly expands in volume, so the air pressure in this space decreases, and this decrease in air pressure hinders the force that accelerates the tip of the acting body toward the lower support. weaken. This decrease in atmospheric pressure serves to cancel out the pressure increase due to the arc described above, making it possible to shut off the circuit at high speed.

The tip of the operating body enters the groove of the lower support and stops when it hits the bottom of the groove, thereby completing all operations of interrupting the large current of this high-speed, large-current switch.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below based on examples. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a through hole 51 is provided in the center of the upper support 41, and the tip of the protrusion 22 of the effecting body 2 is inserted into the through hole 51. The upper part of the effecting body 2 is constituted by a pressure receiving part 21, and an explosive (not shown) is provided as an explosive that gives an explosive force to this pressure receiving part and this pressure receiving part 21. A conductor 3 is fixed to the lower part of the upper support 41, and this conductor 3 is connected to the through hole 5.
1, a left conductor 31 on the left side of the cut portion 32, and a right conductor 33 on the right side of the cut portion 32. The cutting portion 32 and the left and right conductors 31 and 33 are only given separate names, but are integrated as a conductor. The current flowing through the conductor 3 is supplied to the leftward protrusion of the left conductor 31 from the upper support 41 by a lead (not shown), and the same applies to the right conductor 33.

The upper end of the auxiliary conductor 61 is attached to the conductor 3 at the right end of the cutting part 32. The upper end of the auxiliary conductor 61 is inserted into the groove 301 and fixed in position, and is electrically connected by mechanically contacting the conductor 3. Similarly, the upper end of the auxiliary conductor 62 provided on the conductor 3 at the left end of the cut portion 32 is inserted into the groove 302. The auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 are vertically symmetrically arranged, and this is not limited to the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62, but the other constituent members are also symmetrically arranged. The space between the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 is a space 52 in which the protrusion 22 moves when the current is cut off. The lower mountings provided in the lower supports 42 on both sides of the grooves 401 and 4
02 so as to maintain its position. For lower mounting, the grooves 401 and 402 were made so that the surfaces on the groove 53 side were vertical so that they would not easily come off when the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 were subjected to an external force that brought them close to each other, and on the other hand, an external force that tried to separate them was applied. Sometimes, the side far from the groove 53 is sloped so that it can be removed relatively easily.

The groove 53 has a structure in which the bottom does not penetrate through the lower support member which should serve as a stopper for the protrusion 22.The conductor 3 is energized before the current is cut off, so it does not meet the requirements for a normal electrical conductor. In addition to being a resistor, the protrusion 2
2, it is made of copper or aluminum as a metal material that can be cut relatively easily. Beryllium or a beryllium alloy is used as the material for the auxiliary conductors 61, 62 since it is necessary to maintain elasticity against impact mechanical forces as described below.

The current interruption in this figure is performed in the following order.

(2) When an explosive (not shown) is ignited, the explosive explodes, and the explosive force acts on the pressure receiving part 21 and becomes an explosive force F that accelerates the action body 2 downward.

■The explosive force F accelerates the effecting body 2 and moves downward at super high speed, causing the protrusion 22 to cut the cutting part 32 and further cutting between the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 as it moves toward the groove 53. (Figure 2).

(2) When the cutting portion 32 is cut by the projection 22, the current flowing in the cutting portion 32 is commutated to the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62, and an arc is generated that short-circuits the auxiliary conductors.

(2) The temperature of the space 52 increases due to the arc generated between the auxiliary conductors, and the pressure increases.

(2) On the other hand, since the currents flowing through the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 flow in parallel in opposite directions, a repulsive force acts between the auxiliary conductors 6162.

■ Due to the repulsive force between the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62, the auxiliary conductor 61
The lower end portions of 62 are disengaged from the grooves 401 and 402 and rapidly separate from each other, causing a rapid increase in the volume of the space 52.

As a result, the pressure in space 52 decreases. This pressure drop cancels out the pressure rise caused by the arc in (2), thereby reducing the force that decelerates the acting body.

■The action body advances further and cuts the arc, which extinguishes the arc and completes the large current interruption.The tip of the protrusion 22 hits the bottom of the groove 53 and stops, thereby completing the entire interruption operation (Fig. 3) ) During such a series of breaking operations, the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 are subjected to an impactful mechanical force, so the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 are required to behave in a manner that maintains elasticity against such mechanical forces. Therefore, as described above, beryllium or its alloy is suitable as the material for the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62.

In order to further increase the force that accelerates the acting body 2, the first
The pressure P2 shown in the figure is applied to the space 7 outside the auxiliary conductors 61, 62.
1 and 72, it is possible to further accelerate the dissociation rate of the auxiliary conductor 6L62.

The pressure F is applied to the space 71.71 immediately before the pressure F is applied to the effecting body 2. This pressure F2 gives the auxiliary conductors 61, 62 an elastic force to approach each other in advance, and the effecting body 2 Auxiliary conductor 6 after applying pressure F to
By superimposing the repulsive force of the elastic force on the repulsive force of 1.62, the mutual dissociation rate of the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 is increased. As a method of generating pressure F2, space 71.71
It is appropriate to install an explosive in the area and utilize the explosive power of this explosive.

FIG. 4 is a line graph showing temporal changes in the respective generated forces when pressure Pt is applied. When the pressure F2 is generated by first igniting the explosive that generates F2, the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 Elastic energy at close locations is stored. After this, the acting body 2 is moved by generating pressure FI acting on the acting body 2, and current flowing through the auxiliary conductors 61 and 62 is generated. Mutual repulsive force due to electromagnetic force and release of accumulated elastic energy due to the pressure F2 The repulsive force of the auxiliary conductor due to is superimposed and the dissociation force f! So, the effector 2
It functions to cancel out the deceleration force f3 due to the arc.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, this invention is a high-speed, large-current switch that cuts off an actuating body at ultra-high speed using the explosive force of an explosive, in which auxiliary conductors are provided, one end of which is in contact with both ends of a cut portion of a conductor, and which are arranged parallel to each other. When the protrusion of the acting body cuts the conductor, the current flowing in the conductor is commutated to the auxiliary conductor, and an arc is generated between the auxiliary conductors, increasing the pressure in the space between the auxiliary conductors. It works to reduce speed. On the other hand, when parallel currents in opposite directions flow between the auxiliary conductors that are parallel to each other, magnetic repulsion occurs between the auxiliary conductors and the auxiliary conductors are suddenly separated, causing the space between the auxiliary conductors to suddenly expand. Due to the expansion, the pressure in this space decreases, which serves to counteract the pressure increase due to the arc described above. As a result, the speed of the operating body does not decrease, so high-speed current interruption can be performed, and a high-speed, high-current switch with higher performance can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the high-speed, large-current switch according to the present invention during the breaking process, FIG. 3 is a sectional view at the same time, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a line graph of pressure, acceleration force, and deceleration force when applied, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional high-speed, large-current switch. 2.2A: Effecting body, 21, 218: Pressure receiving part, 22, 2
2A: Protrusion, 3.3A: Conductor, 31.31A: Left conductor, 32.32A: Cutting section, 33.33A: Right conductor, 4.4A: Support, 41.41A: Upper support,
42, 42A: Lower support, 51: Through hole, 52.7
1, 72: Space, 53, 5A: Groove, 61, 62: Auxiliary conductor, 301, 302: Upper mounting groove, 401.402
：Bottom installation figure 5″

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A conductor made of a flat plate-shaped highly conductive metal material for carrying a large current, an upper support made of an insulating material having a through hole of a certain width in the center, and a conductor passed through the upper support. a groove that is fixed across the hole, is disposed facing the surface of the upper support at a predetermined distance from the surface on which the conductor is arranged, has an opening on the surface facing the upper support, and has the same width as the through hole; A lower support member made of an insulating material provided with a lower support member, and a lower support member that can be inserted into a through hole in the upper support member, and a tip thereof is inserted through the through hole and into a groove in the lower support member and is locked at the bottom of the groove. one end of which is inserted into a groove provided in the conductor section located at both ends of the through hole of the upper support body, and a lower support body facing both ends of the through hole. A pair of auxiliary conductors made of a highly conductive metal material are provided, the other end of which is inserted into a groove provided at both ends of the groove, and which are arranged parallel to each other, and the acting body is driven by the explosive force of the explosive to cause the tip of the auxiliary conductor to The part passes through the through hole, cuts the bridging part of the through hole of the conductor, enters the groove, hits the bottom of the groove, and stops, thereby interrupting the large current flowing in the conductor at high speed. A high-speed, large-current switch featuring