JPH0310607Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0310607Y2 JPH0310607Y2 JP7640983U JP7640983U JPH0310607Y2 JP H0310607 Y2 JPH0310607 Y2 JP H0310607Y2 JP 7640983 U JP7640983 U JP 7640983U JP 7640983 U JP7640983 U JP 7640983U JP H0310607 Y2 JPH0310607 Y2 JP H0310607Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current collector
- negative electrode
- hole
- unit cell
- electrode current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910020361 KCl—LiCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium chromate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083898 barium chromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BCFSVSISUGYRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(dioxo)chromium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O BCFSVSISUGYRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/12—
Landscapes
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本考案は、円盤状の素電池と発熱剤とを交互に
積層した熱電池に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a thermal battery in which disk-shaped unit cells and heat generating agents are alternately laminated.
従来例の構成とその問題点
熱電池は一般に内部に発熱剤を有したものが多
く、その発熱剤より発生する熱で常温においては
固体の溶融塩電解質を溶解し、電池として活性化
するものであり、大電流を取り出せるという利点
を有している。しかし、従来の熱電池において
は、内部シヨートの発生率が非常に高く、電圧変
動のない安定した放電電圧を得ることが困難であ
つた。Structures of conventional examples and their problems Many thermal batteries generally have a heat generating agent inside, and the heat generated by the heat generating agent dissolves the molten salt electrolyte, which is solid at room temperature, and activates it as a battery. It has the advantage of being able to draw a large current. However, in conventional thermal batteries, the incidence of internal shoots is extremely high, making it difficult to obtain a stable discharge voltage without voltage fluctuations.
この内部シヨートの原因を解析してみると、負
極集電体火導孔部から負極の溶融金属もしくは反
応生成合金が流出し、素電池の正極集電体と負極
集電体間を短絡させるということであつた。 Analyzing the cause of this internal shot, it was found that the molten metal of the negative electrode or the reaction product alloy flows out from the negative electrode current collector fire hole, causing a short circuit between the positive electrode current collector and negative electrode current collector of the unit cell. It happened.
すなわち、内部シヨートは火導孔部に正，負極
集電体断面が露出しているために生じやすことが
判明した。 In other words, it has been found that internal shorts are likely to occur because the cross sections of the positive and negative electrode current collectors are exposed in the conductor hole.
一方実開昭54−84038号公報では正，負極の集
電体を素電池外周部および火導孔内周部におい
て、電解質と減極剤とバインダーとの混合物から
なる成型体（以後ＤＥＢペレツトと呼ぶ）よりも
露出させないという手法を用いている。しかし、
この手法では正，負極集電体より露出する大形の
ＤＥＢペレツトを必要とするため、素電池の小型
化が困難である。また電池組立てが複雑である等
の欠点を有していた。 On the other hand, in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-84038, the current collectors of the positive and negative electrodes are formed into a molded body (hereinafter referred to as DEB pellets) consisting of a mixture of an electrolyte, a depolarizing agent, and a binder at the outer periphery of the unit cell and the inner periphery of the fire guide hole. We use a method of not exposing them rather than exposing them. but,
This method requires large DEB pellets exposed from the positive and negative electrode current collectors, making it difficult to miniaturize the unit cell. Further, it has drawbacks such as complicated battery assembly.
考案の目的
本考案は上記の欠点を解消し、素電池の内部シ
ヨートによる電圧変動がなく、品質の安定した熱
電池を提供するものである。Purpose of the invention The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a thermal battery with stable quality without voltage fluctuations due to internal shorts of the unit cell.
考案の構成
本考案は、前記の目的を達成するため、素電池
の外周と同じ径の正極集電体および負極集電体に
おいて、正極集電体もしくは負極集電体のどちら
か一方の火導孔径を他方の火導孔径よりも大きく
し、この一方の集電体の火導孔端面が前記素電池
と発熱剤との積層体で形成される火導孔内壁に面
一に露出しないようにし、かつこの部分を内部保
護リングで覆つて構成したものである。Structure of the invention In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector having the same diameter as the outer periphery of the unit cell. The diameter of the hole is made larger than the diameter of the other current collector so that the end face of the hole of this one current collector is not exposed flush with the inner wall of the hole formed of the laminate of the unit cell and the exothermic agent. , and this part is covered with an internal protection ring.
以下、その詳細は実施例で説明する。 The details will be explained in Examples below.
実施例の説明
第１図は本考案による積層形熱電池集電体の一
実施例における平面図である。図中１は集電体で
鉄，ニツケル等の材質で作られている。１−ａは
正極集電体で、１−ｂは１−ａの正極集電体が用
いられている素電池と直列接続される隣の素電池
の負極集電体である。３は集電体１−ａ，１−ｂ
の両者を電気的に導通させる接続部である。２は
集電体間に挟持された発熱剤に点火させる為の火
導孔で、２−ａが正極側火導孔内周、２−ｂが負
極側火導孔の内周である。第１図に示すように本
実施例では、負極側火導孔内周部２−ｂの径を正
極側火導孔内周部２−ａの径よりも大きくした。
第２図の電池積層体断面図に示すように、負極集
電体１−ｂにはバーリング加工を行つて、負極側
火導孔内周２−ｂと同径の火導孔を有するＣa，
Ｍg，Ｌi等の負極金属５を片面に圧着した。この
集電体１を第１図中の接続部３でその対称線４に
そつて折りまげ、第２図のように発熱剤６を間に
挟持し、電解質と減極剤とバインダーとの混合成
型体（ＤＥＢペレツト）７と交互に積層すること
によつて、直列構成の積層形熱電池を構成した。
８は外部保護リングで、９は内部保護リングであ
る。これらの保護リング８，９は溶融した負極金
属５や、反応生成する低融点合金の素電池外部へ
の流出を防止するものであり、アスベスト等の無
機耐熱性材料で作られていて、負極５と負極集電
体１−ｂの火導孔内周部２−ｂを完全に被うもの
である。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a stacked thermal battery current collector according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a current collector made of a material such as iron or nickel. 1-a is a positive electrode current collector, and 1-b is a negative electrode current collector of an adjacent unit cell connected in series with the unit cell in which the positive electrode current collector of 1-a is used. 3 is current collector 1-a, 1-b
It is a connection part that electrically conducts both. Reference numeral 2 denotes a fire guide hole for igniting the exothermic agent held between the current collectors, 2-a is the inner periphery of the positive electrode side fire guide hole, and 2-b is the inner periphery of the negative electrode side fire guide hole. As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the diameter of the inner peripheral part 2-b of the negative electrode-side fire guide hole was made larger than the diameter of the inner peripheral part 2-a of the positive electrode-side fire guide hole.
As shown in the cross-sectional view of the battery stack in FIG.
A negative electrode metal 5 such as Mg or Li was crimped onto one side. This current collector 1 is folded along the line of symmetry 4 at the connecting part 3 in FIG. 1, a heat generating agent 6 is sandwiched therebetween as shown in FIG. By alternately stacking the molded bodies (DEB pellets) 7, a series stacked thermal battery was constructed.
8 is an outer protection ring, and 9 is an inner protection ring. These protective rings 8 and 9 prevent the molten negative electrode metal 5 and the low melting point alloy produced by the reaction from flowing out of the unit cell, and are made of an inorganic heat-resistant material such as asbestos. and completely covers the inner peripheral part 2-b of the conductor hole of the negative electrode current collector 1-b.
なお本実施例では負極５にＣa金属を、電解質
にＫＣl−ＬiＣl共融塩を、そして減極剤にはクロム
酸カルシウムを用いた。また発熱剤６にはジルコ
ニウム粉末とクロム酸バリウムとの混合物を使用
した。このＣa／ＫＣl−ＬiＣl／ＣaＣrＯ4系の熱電池
では作動によりＣa−Ｌi低融点合金（融点約２３０
℃）が生成し、この合金が火導孔２の内壁に流れ
出して露出する正，負極集電体間を短絡させる内
部シヨートの発生率はこれまで約40％という実に
高いものであつた。しかし、本考案による集電体
１を用いると、負極集電体１−ｂの火導孔内周２
−ｂと負極金属５の火導孔内周５−ｂとは内部保
護リング９によつて完全に被われ、火導孔２内壁
に露出することはないため、低融点合金や溶融負
極金属によつて短絡させられることはない。 In this example, Ca metal was used for the negative electrode 5, KCl-LiCl eutectic salt was used for the electrolyte, and calcium chromate was used for the depolarizer. Further, as the exothermic agent 6, a mixture of zirconium powder and barium chromate was used. In this Ca/KCl-LiCl/CaCrO 4 type thermal battery, the Ca-Li low melting point alloy (melting point approximately 230
℃), and this alloy flows out onto the inner wall of the pilot hole 2, causing an exposed positive and negative electrode current collector to short-circuit.The incidence of internal shoots has so far been as high as about 40%. However, when the current collector 1 according to the present invention is used, the inner periphery of the fuse hole 2 of the negative electrode current collector 1-b
-b and the inner periphery 5-b of the anode metal 5 are completely covered by the internal protection ring 9 and are not exposed to the inner wall of the anode metal 5, so that low melting point alloys and molten anode metal Therefore, it cannot be short-circuited.
第３図は本考案の集電体を用いて構成した積層
形熱電池の縦断面図で、図中１０は素電池、１１
は断熱材、１２は外装ケース、１３は外装蓋であ
る。１４と１５は出力端子であり、１６は発熱剤
６に着火するための点火器１７に電気信号を送る
端子の片方である。 FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a stacked thermal battery constructed using the current collector of the present invention, in which 10 is a unit cell, 11
1 is a heat insulating material, 12 is an outer case, and 13 is an outer cover. 14 and 15 are output terminals, and 16 is one terminal that sends an electric signal to an igniter 17 for igniting the exothermic agent 6.
考案の効果
前述の本考案による積層形熱電池を10個試作
し、従来電圧変動の発生率が非常に高くでる条件
である環境温度＋50℃での放電を行つた結果は、
10個とも微少な電圧変動すら発生しない安定した
放電電圧を示した。各電池を分解したところ、従
来起つていた正，負極集電体の火導孔部分での短
絡による変形も見あたらず、合金等の流出も皆無
であつた。Effects of the invention We produced 10 prototype stacked thermal batteries according to the invention described above, and discharged them at an ambient temperature of +50°C, which is a condition in which conventional voltage fluctuations occur at a very high rate.The results were as follows.
All 10 batteries showed a stable discharge voltage without even the slightest voltage fluctuation. When each battery was disassembled, there was no deformation due to short circuits in the conductor holes of the positive and negative electrode current collectors, which had occurred in the past, and no leakage of alloy, etc., was found.
また、従来例による同容量の積層形電池に比べ
て外径で約１〜２割小さく構成することができ、
さらに実開昭54−84038号公報に示される本考案
の２個の内部保護リングが本考案では１つで良い
こと、そして外部保護リングはより簡易な形状と
なるため電池の組み立てが格段に容易となつた。 In addition, it can be configured to be approximately 10 to 20% smaller in outer diameter than conventional stacked batteries of the same capacity.
Furthermore, the present invention requires only one internal protection ring instead of the two internal protection rings disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 54-84038, and the external protection ring has a simpler shape, making it much easier to assemble the battery. It became.
【実用新案登録請求の範囲】
集電体１と、負極金属５と、電解質と減極剤と
バインダーの混合成型体７とからなり、中央部を
貫通するよう火導孔２を設けた素電池と、
隣接する素電池の集電体１間に位置し、中央に
前記素電池の火導孔と対応する火導孔を有した円
盤状発熱剤６と、
前記各素電池の負極側集電体１−ｂおよび負極
金属５の火導孔内周２−ｂ，５−ｂの径を正極側
火導孔内周部２−ａの径よりも大きく設け、
負極側集電体１−ｂと負極金属５の火導孔内周
部２−ｂには内部保護リング９を、外周部には外
部保護リング８をそれぞれ配し、
前記火導孔２の一端に点火器１７を設け、この
点火器１７から発する火災を火導孔に導いて前記
素電池間に配した円盤状発熱剤６の内周部分に着
火することを特徴とする熱電池。[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A unit cell consisting of a current collector 1, a negative electrode metal 5, and a molded mixture 7 of an electrolyte, a depolarizer, and a binder, with a fire conductor hole 2 extending through the center. and a disc-shaped exothermic agent 6 located between the current collectors 1 of adjacent unit cells and having a fire guide hole in the center corresponding to the fire guide hole of the unit cell, and a negative electrode side current collector of each of the unit cells. The diameters of the inner peripheries 2-b and 5-b of the conductor holes of the body 1-b and the negative electrode metal 5 are set larger than the diameter of the inner periphery part 2-a of the positive electrode side conductor hole, and the negative electrode side current collector 1-b An internal protection ring 9 and an external protection ring 8 are disposed on the inner circumference 2-b and the outer circumference of the fire guide hole 2-b of the negative electrode metal 5, respectively, and an igniter 17 is provided at one end of the fire guide hole 2. A thermal battery characterized in that a fire emitted from an igniter 17 is guided to a fire guide hole and ignites an inner peripheral portion of a disc-shaped exothermic agent 6 arranged between the unit cells.
第１図は本考案の実施例における積層形熱電池
用集電体の平面図、第２図は積層体の部分断面
図、第３図は本考案の実施例における積層形熱電
池の縦断面図である。
１…集電体、１−ａ…正極集電体、１−ｂ…負
極集電体、２…火導孔、２−ａ…正極火導孔、２
−ｂ…負極火導孔、６…発熱剤、１０…素電池。
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a current collector for a laminated thermal battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of the laminate, and Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of a laminated thermal battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Current collector, 1-a... Positive electrode current collector, 1-b... Negative electrode current collector, 2... Spark hole, 2-a... Positive electrode current collector, 2
-b... Negative electrode fire guide hole, 6... Exothermic agent, 10... Unit battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7640983U JPS59181585U (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | thermal battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7640983U JPS59181585U (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | thermal battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59181585U JPS59181585U (en) | 1984-12-04 |
| JPH0310607Y2 true JPH0310607Y2 (en) | 1991-03-15 |
Family
ID=30206455
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7640983U Granted JPS59181585U (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | thermal battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59181585U (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-05-20 JP JP7640983U patent/JPS59181585U/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59181585U (en) | 1984-12-04 |
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