JPH03105B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in a granular material dispersing device installed in a vehicle for dispersing granular material such as anti-freeze agent and aggregate onto roads and the like.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as this type of powder scattering device, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-36709, for example, is known.

This detects the running speed of the vehicle, converts it into an electrical signal, controls the flow rate of the electromagnetic proportional valve, and adjusts the speed of the belt conveyor via a hydraulic motor. The opening area of the gate provided above the belt conveyor is set by opening and closing a solenoid valve according to an electric signal corresponding to the distribution density.
The layer thickness of the powder on the belt conveyor is adjusted to keep the amount of spray per unit area at a predetermined value.

However, this kind of thing had the following drawbacks.

(1) Since the running speed of the vehicle and the speed of the belt conveyor are electrically proportional, a feedback circuit and a comparison circuit are absolutely necessary, which complicates the structure and makes it easy to cause failures.

(2) By moving the gate relative to the belt conveyor, the layer thickness of the powder on the belt conveyor is adjusted and the amount of spraying is set, but since the belt of the belt conveyor is flexible, the amount of spreading The setting accuracy is poor.

(3) Since a belt conveyor is provided below the outside of the hopper and the route for conveying the powder and granular material from the hopper to the chute is an open type, there is a high risk that the powder and granular material will be scattered.

Furthermore, when the powder is raw salt or calcium chloride, such as an antifreeze agent, when the inside of the hopper is cleaned, the water containing salt after cleaning is likely to accumulate on the chassis of the vehicle, causing corrosion.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems and to solve them, and its purpose is to:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a granular material dispersing device which is designed to simplify the structure, prevent breakdowns, improve the accuracy of setting the amount of sprayed material, prevent scattering of granular material, and prevent corrosion.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The powder and granular material dispersing device of the present invention includes a vehicle equipped with a self-propelled device and a power extraction device that is interposed in the middle of the self-propelled device of the vehicle and extracts a part of the power. a hopper installed in the vehicle and equipped with an outlet; a screw feeder installed in the hopper and connected to the output shaft of the power extraction device to transfer the powder to the exit side; An agitator connected to the output shaft of the take-out device to agitate the powder and granules, a chute provided to communicate with the outlet of the hopper, and a metering rotor provided in the middle of the chute to send out the powder and granules in predetermined amounts. , a fluid pressure motor that drives the metering rotor, a fluid pressure pump that is connected to the output shaft of the power extraction device to control the fluid pressure motor, and a sprayer that is rotatably installed below the chute and that spreads the powder and granules. It is characterized by being composed of a spreader plate, a hydraulic motor that drives the spreader plate, and a hydraulic pump that controls the hydraulic motor.

(Function) When the self-propelled device is started, the vehicle runs, and a portion of its power is extracted by the power extraction device to drive the screw feeder, agitator, and fluid pressure pump in proportion to the traveling speed of the vehicle. .

The powder in the hopper is agitated by the rotation of the agitator, and is transferred to the outlet side by the rotation of the screw feeder, reaching the metering rotor located in the middle of the chute.

Then, the fluid pressure motor is controlled by the drive of the fluid pressure pump, and the rotor of the metering rotor rotates, thereby discharging the powder and granules in fixed amounts down the chute in proportion to the traveling speed of the vehicle.

On the other hand, when the hydraulic pump is driven, the hydraulic motor is thereby controlled to rotate the spreading plate.

The powder and granules discharged from the chute fall onto the scattering disk and are then dispersed by the rotation of the disk.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a main part showing the structure of a powder scattering device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the structure of the metering rotor portion. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the structure of the screw feeder portion.

The granular material spreading device 1 includes a vehicle 2, a power extraction device 3, a hopper 4, a screw feeder 5, an agitator 6, a chute 7, a metering rotor 8, a fluid pressure motor 9, a fluid pressure pump 10, a spreading plate 11, and a hydraulic motor. 12 and a hydraulic pump 13.

The vehicle 2 is equipped with a self-propelled device 14, and uses a normal truck excluding a so-called loading platform, which is equipped with a chassis 15, front wheels (not shown), rear wheels 16, a driver's seat (not shown), etc. The running device 14 includes an engine (not shown), a transmission 17, a propeller shaft 18, a rear axle 19, and the like.

The power extraction device 3 is interposed in the middle of the self-propelled device 14 of the vehicle 2 to extract a part of the power, and is provided in the middle of the propeller shaft 18 . , an output shaft 21 , an appropriate number of gear groups 22 provided to connect them, and an electromagnetic clutch 23 interposed between these to connect and disconnect power from the input shaft 20 to the output shaft 21 . It is completed.

The electromagnetic clutch 23 is controlled ON/OFF by a switch (not shown) on an operation panel provided at the driver's seat, and is configured to be in a disconnected state when the vehicle 2 is traveling backwards.

The hopper 4 is provided in the vehicle 2 and equipped with an outlet 24. The hopper 4 is shaped like a triangular box, and the powder or granular material A such as an antifreeze agent is stored inside the hopper 4, and the upper part can be opened using a lid 25. An input port 26 which is closed is provided with an outlet 24 at the rear thereof, and is provided on the chassis 15 with the rear end inclined downward.

The screw feeder 5 is disposed within the hopper 4 and is connected to the output shaft 21 of the power extraction device 3 to transfer the powder A to the outlet 24 side, and is composed of a rotating shaft 27 and a screw 28. It is arranged in the lower part of the hopper 4 in the front-rear direction and is rotatably supported.
The front part of the rotating shaft 27 passes through the hopper 4, and two sprockets 29 and 30 are wedged there, and the screw 28 is inserted as it goes from the front to the rear in order to feed the powder A smoothly. We use a material whose pitch gradually increases over time.

A reducer 32 is provided on the front side of the output shaft 21 of the power extraction device 3 via a propeller shaft 31, and a sprocket 34 is provided on the output shaft of this via a torque limiter 33. This sprocket 34 and the sprocket 2
A chain 35 is spanned between 9 and 9.

A partition body 36 is provided above the screw feeder 5, and this partition body 36 is connected to the fixing plate 3 having an inverted V-shaped cross section.
7 and a movable plate 39 attached to both sides of the screw feeder 5 by fasteners 38 so as to be able to move forward and backward. By moving the moving plate 39 and adjusting the opening degree with respect to the hopper 4, it is made to correspond to the type of powder or granular material A.

The agitator 6 is disposed inside the hopper 4 and is connected to the output shaft 21 of the power extraction device 3 to agitate the granular material A. It is arranged parallel to the screw feeder 5 and is rotatably supported, and the rotation shaft 40
A sprocket 42 is wedged through the front hopper 4 of the rotary shaft 40, and rod-shaped stirring blades 41 are protruded at predetermined intervals from the rotating shaft 40 at different angles.

Therefore, sprocket 42 and sprocket 30
A chain 43 is spanned between.

The chute 7 is provided to communicate with the outlet 24 of the hopper 4, and consists of an upper chute 44 and a lower chute 45. The upper chute 44 is fixed to the rear part of the hopper 4, and the upper part has a A door 46 that can be opened and closed is provided.

The metering rotor 8 is provided in the middle of the chute 7 and sends out the powder A in a predetermined amount. It consists of a casing 47 which is attached to the lower part of an upper chute 44 and has an outlet therein, and a rotor 48 which is rotatably provided inside the casing 47, and the same parts are arranged side by side in a symmetrical manner.

The fluid pressure motor 9 drives the metering rotor 8, and is a constant displacement piston type hydraulic motor, which is connected to the rotor 48 via a reduction gear 49 and a torque limiter coupling 50. The same ones are provided one each on the left and right sides corresponding to the metering rotor 8.

The fluid pressure pump 10 is connected to the output shaft 21 of the power extraction device 3 to control the fluid pressure motor 9, and is a tandem variable displacement piston type hydraulic pump connected to the rear side of the output shaft 21 of the power extraction device 3. Pumps are used, two hydraulic pumps 10 each being hydraulically coupled to a hydraulic motor 9.

The discharge amount of each fluid pressure pump 10 can be varied by changing the angle of its swash plate, and the swash plate is operated by an electric cylinder 51, which is operated by a switch on an operation panel provided in the driver's seat (see Fig. (not shown), the electric cylinder 51 is controlled.

The scattering disk 11 is rotatably provided below the chute 7 to scatter powder and granules, and is composed of a disk 52, its support shaft 53, and a bearing 54 that pivotally supports the disk. It is attached to the lower part of an arm 56 that is vertically and vertically provided on a bracket 55 that is provided at the rear of the chute 44.

Therefore, above the disk 52, there is a lower chute 45.
is attached to the arm 56 and its upper part abuts the lower part of the casing 47 of the metering rotor 8, and the lower chute 45 and the spreading plate 1
1 can be rotated upward and held as shown by the chain line in FIG.

The hydraulic motor 12 drives the spreading plate 11, and is a constant displacement piston type hydraulic motor, which is provided on the upper part of a bearing 54 and rotates a support shaft 53.

The hydraulic pump 13 controls the hydraulic motor 12, and is a fixed displacement gear type hydraulic pump, which is rotatably driven by an electric motor (DC motor) 57 and is provided on the chassis 15.

The hydraulic pump 13 and the hydraulic motor 12 are hydraulically connected.

Next, the operation will be explained based on such a configuration.

When the engine of the self-propelled device 14 is started, its power is transmitted to the transmission 17 → propeller shaft 18 → rear axle 19 → rear wheels 16, and the vehicle 2 runs. Transmission 17
When it is in the forward position, it moves forward, and when it is in the reverse position, it moves backward.

When the electromagnetic clutch 23 is connected by operating the switch on the operation panel of the driver's seat, part of the power from the propeller shaft 18 is transferred from the input shaft 20 of the power extraction device 3 to the gear group 22 to the electromagnetic clutch 23 to the output shaft. 21. The electromagnetic clutch 23 is in a disconnected state when the vehicle 2 is moving backward, and is in a connected state only when the vehicle 2 is moving forward, thereby preventing reverse rotation of objects thereafter.

The power transmitted to the output shaft 21 is transmitted through the propeller shaft 31 → reducer 32 → torque limiter 33 → sprocket 34 → chain 35 → sprocket 2.
9→Transmitted to the rotating shaft 27 and the screw feeder 5
is rotated.

When the screw feeder 5 rotates, the powder A in the hopper 4 is transferred toward the outlet 24 and reaches the upper chute 44.

At the same time, sprocket 30 → chain 43 →
The force is also transmitted to the rotating shaft 40 to rotate the agitator 6, which agitates the powder A in the hopper 4 to prevent it from sticking.

Further, the fluid pressure pump 10 is driven by the power transmitted to the output shaft 21.

Then, the electric cylinder 51 is operated to control the swash plate angle of the fluid pressure pump 10 so that a predetermined discharge amount can be obtained.

When each fluid pressure pump 10 is driven, each fluid pressure motor 9 that is fluidly connected to it is activated, and the power is transmitted from the reduction gear 49 to the torque limiter coupling 50 to the rotor 48. .

When the rotor 48 of the metering rotor 8 rotates, the granular material A that has reached the upper chute 44 is dropped down thereunder through the lower chute 45 in predetermined amounts.

When the electric motor 47 is started, the hydraulic pump 13 is driven, and the hydraulic motor 12 which is hydraulically connected thereto is operated, and the power is transferred from the spindle 53 to the disk 52.
The spreader plate 11 rotates as a result of the transmission.

When the scattering plate 11 rotates, the powder A that has fallen onto it is dispersed over a predetermined range corresponding to its rotational speed.

In this way, on the operation panel in the driver's seat, you can set the spray width (e.g. 3, 5, 7 m) and the spray density (e.g.
20, 30, 40, 50, 70 g/m ² ) and the specific gravity of the powder A (for example, 0.7 t/m ³ ). The swash plate angle and the rotation speed of the electric motor 57 are automatically determined.

After that, the traveling speed of vehicle 2 (5 to 40
Km/h), the rotation of the screw feeder 5 and the agitator 6 is directly proportional to the discharge amount of the fluid pressure pump 10, that is, the rotation of the metering rotor 8.

Therefore, it is possible to automatically spread a predetermined amount of powder A in accordance with the traveling speed of the vehicle 2.

If you are not spraying, move the spray plate 11 etc. to the
Rotate and hold it in the position indicated by the chain line in the diagram. In this way, it does not get in the way and can prevent damage when driving on rough roads.

If powder A is stuck inside the metering rotor 8, open the door 46 and close the lower chute 4.
By rotating the sprinkling plate 5 upward together with the sprinkling plate 11, it can be easily removed from above and below.

In addition, the vehicle 2, the power extraction device 3, the hopper 4, the screw feeder 5, the agitator 6, the chute 7, the metering rotor 8, the fluid pressure motor, the fluid pressure pump, the spreading plate 11, the hydraulic motor 12, the hydraulic pump 1
It goes without saying that the third example is not limited to the previous embodiment, and the design can be changed as appropriate.

In particular, the hydraulic pump 13 is, in the previous embodiment, a constant displacement gear type hydraulic pump and the electric motor 57
However, the output shaft 2 of the power extraction device 3 may be driven by using a variable displacement piston type hydraulic pump, similar to the fluid pressure pump 10, for example.
It may also be connected to 1.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(1) A portion of the power from the vehicle's self-propelled device is used to drive the screw feeder, agitator, and fluid pressure pump, so there is no need to provide a separate drive source for the husband, which simplifies the structure. .

In addition, since it is mechanically driven in this way, the operation is reliable and there is no risk of failure.

(2) Since a metering rotor is provided to actively send out a predetermined amount of powder or granules, the accuracy of setting the spray amount can be greatly improved.

Of course, part of the power from the self-propelled device drives the fluid pressure pump, and the metering rotor is operated via the fluid pressure motor, so the amount of powder and granules spread is proportional to the running speed of the vehicle. It can be done.

(3) Since the screw feeder is provided in the hopper and the transport path for the powder and granules from the hopper to the chute is a so-called closed type, the powder and granules will not be scattered during this process.

(4) The transportation route for the powder and granules from the hopper to the chute has been made into a closed type, which makes it easy to clean and clean, and also prevents the water after cleaning from getting into the chassis of the car body and corroding it. It can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a main part showing the structure of a powder scattering device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the structure of the metering rotor portion. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the structure of the screw feeder portion. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Powder spreading device, 2...Vehicle, 3...Power extraction device, 4...Hopper, 5...Screw feeder, 6...Agitator, 7...Chute, 8...
...Metering rotor, 9...Fluid pressure motor, 1
0...Fluid pressure pump, 11...Spreading plate, 12...
Hydraulic motor, 13...hydraulic pump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle equipped with a self-propelled device, a power extraction device installed in the middle of the self-propelled device of the vehicle to take out a portion of the power, and a hopper provided on the vehicle and provided with an exit;
A screw feeder is arranged inside the hopper and connected to the output shaft of the power extraction device to transfer the powder to the outlet side, and a screw feeder is arranged inside the hopper and connected to the output shaft of the power extraction device to stir the powder and granule. an agitator, a chute provided to communicate with the outlet of the hopper;
A metering rotor that is installed in the middle of the chute and sends out a predetermined amount of powder and granules, a fluid pressure motor that drives the metering rotor, and a fluid pressure that is connected to the output shaft of the power take-off device and controls the fluid pressure motor. It is characterized by consisting of a pump, a dispersion plate that is rotatably installed below the chute and spreads powder and granules, a hydraulic motor that drives the dispersion plate, and a hydraulic pump that controls the hydraulic motor. Powder dispersion equipment.