JPH0310307B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0310307B2 JPH0310307B2 JP59041397A JP4139784A JPH0310307B2 JP H0310307 B2 JPH0310307 B2 JP H0310307B2 JP 59041397 A JP59041397 A JP 59041397A JP 4139784 A JP4139784 A JP 4139784A JP H0310307 B2 JPH0310307 B2 JP H0310307B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- manufactured
- present
- oil
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GKXVJHDEWHKBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN GKXVJHDEWHKBFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 229940078499 tricalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019731 tricalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLIDVCMBCGBIEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-penten-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C=C JLIDVCMBCGBIEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C=C LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XFCMNSHQOZQILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INQDDHNZXOAFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C INQDDHNZXOAFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGHFDIIVVIFNPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methyl-3-buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=O ZGHFDIIVVIFNPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYUINKARGUCCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-imino-n-propylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCNCCC=N XYUINKARGUCCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMCJFWXGXUEHFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentatriacontan-18-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DMCJFWXGXUEHFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBTRYWRVOBZSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)methanediamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(N)N)C=C1 XBTRYWRVOBZSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (9Z,11E,13E)-9,11,13-Octadecatrienoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-trimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1C MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITWBWJFEJCHKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,7-triazonane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCN1 ITWBWJFEJCHKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 KTZVZZJJVJQZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFZBUNLOTDDXNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propoxy]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(C)OCC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C JFZBUNLOTDDXNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HWSSEYVMGDIFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LTHJXDSHSVNJKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoro-3-methyl-2h-indazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C)=NNC2=C1 JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149724 Cololabis adocetus Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000234435 Lilium Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001237745 Salamis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001125046 Sardina pilchardus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004163 Spermaceti wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-ISLYRVAYSA-N V-65 Substances CC(C)CC(C)(C#N)\N=N\C(C)(C#N)CC(C)C WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWHLOXLFJPTYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-methyl-3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)-2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(C)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C SWHLOXLFJPTYTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSZUHSXXAOWGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-methyl-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HSZUHSXXAOWGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWLCFADDJOPOQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Cu].[Sn] Chemical compound [Mn].[Cu].[Sn] NWLCFADDJOPOQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PWAXUOGZOSVGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCCCC(Cl)=O PWAXUOGZOSVGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-SUTYWZMXSA-N all-trans-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-SUTYWZMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012164 animal wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090961 chromium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAQWMWUKBQPOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Cr+4] IAQWMWUKBQPOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYTAKQFHWFYBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]=O AYTAKQFHWFYBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMPOZLHMGVKUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O WMPOZLHMGVKUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRTVEUGOGWTHTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC JRTVEUGOGWTHTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010460 hemp oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,6-dien-4-one Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)CC=C PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001291 heusler alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N linalool Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)(O)C=C CDOSHBSSFJOMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002712 malachite green oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012184 mineral wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010491 poppyseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008165 rice bran oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940081623 rose bengal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930187593 rose bengal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDNLFJGJEQUWRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal free acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C1=C2C=C(I)C(=O)C(I)=C2OC2=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 VDNLFJGJEQUWRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015175 salami Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019385 spermaceti wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L water blue Chemical compound CC1=CC(/C(\C(C=C2)=CC=C2NC(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(\C=C2)/C=C/C\2=N\C(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1N.[Na+].[Na+] XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010698 whale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
- G03G9/0935—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the core material
- G03G9/09357—Macromolecular compounds
- G03G9/09371—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
〔技術分野〕
本発明は、静電荷像現像用のトナーに関するも
のであり、更に詳しくは圧力定着型のものとして
好適に用いることのできるマイクロカプセル型ト
ナーに関するものである。
〔従来技術〕
近年において、電子写真法、静電印刷法、静電
記録法等により画像情報に基いて静電荷像を形成
し、これを現像剤のトナーにより現像してトナー
像とし、通常はこのトナー像を転写紙等に転写せ
しめた上で定着せしめることにより可視画像を形
成することが広く行なわれている。
従来、静電荷像現像用トナーとしては、熱可塑
性樹脂を結着剤としてこれにカーボンブラツク等
の着色剤を分散含有せしめたものを微粉砕して得
られる粉末状のトナーが広く用いられており、そ
れが二成分トナーであれば、鉄粉、ガラスビーズ
等のキヤリアと混合撹拌することにより、又それ
が磁性体微粉末を含有して成る一成分トナーであ
ればそれ自体を撹拌することにより、摩擦帯電せ
しめてその静電力を利用して静電荷像を現像せし
め、得られたトナー像を例えば転写せしめた後、
加熱ローラ等により加熱して定着せしめるように
している。
しかし、このようなトナーにおいては、摩擦帯
電のための撹拌時にトナー粒子が破砕されて微粉
トナーが生成され、その結果可視画像の質が低い
ものとなり、或いはトナーを早期に新しいものと
交換することが必要となるのみならず、定着を加
熱定着方式によつて達成するため定着器の温度が
所要の設定温度にまで上昇するまでの間に長い待
機時間が必要であり、また加熱のために多大のエ
ネルギーを必要とし、更に紙詰りが起こつたとき
には火災の原因ともなり、しかも確実な定着を達
成するためには、温度条件等において相当に厳し
い条件を満足することが必要である。
斯かる状況下において、最近、いわゆるマイク
ロカプセルを静電荷像現像用トナーとして用いる
ことの研究が行なわれるようになつてきている。
このマイクロカプセル型トナーは、微粒子状の樹
脂カプセル(外壁)内に、液状物質若しくは軟質
の固体物質より成る芯材を封入した着色粒子より
成る粉末状のものである。このトナーを用いる場
合には、押圧ローラ等により圧力を印加して、カ
プセルをいわば破裂せしめて、内部の芯材を放出
せしめることにより、定着せしめることができ
る。従つて加熱が不要であるために、上述の如き
加熱定着における問題点を大幅に軽減せしめるこ
とができるという利点がある。
この様な加圧定着加能なマイクロカプセル型ト
ナーに関しては、特開昭51−91724号、同52−
119937号、同54−118249号及び同55−64251号各
公報等に記載の技術が知られている。しかし、上
記技術においては、加圧ローラーへのオフセツト
現象、耐久性、安定性及び保存性等の問題を残し
ており、特に普通紙等への加圧定着性において問
題があり、マイクロカプセル型トナー中の定着性
成分が剛直であつたり、逆に過度の塑性変形を起
し、いずれも定着性が不充分であつた。
そこで本発明者は加圧定着性の向上を図るため
に鋭意検討を重ねた結果、定着性を向上させるに
は紙等との接着性を向上させただけでは不充分で
あり、定着後紙等から剥離しないようにするため
には、加えられる外力を小さくすること、すなわ
ち滑るようにすることが重要であることが判つ
た。
従来、滑剤的効果を与えるものとしては、例え
ば離型剤であるジメチルシロキサンがある。この
ジメチルシロキサンは滑剤的効果は大きいが、反
面、樹脂等に対する相溶性が悪いためにトナー中
に添加した場合に析出し易くなり、かつトナーの
粉体特性特に流動性が低下するという欠点があ
る。
このためジメチルシロキサンを含有するマイク
ロカプセル型トナーを用いて画像形成を行なつた
場合(特開昭58−150968号公報参照)、流動性の
低下に起因してカブリ等が発生し、またトナーの
補給性が悪くなつて画質が低下するという問題が
あり、さらにトナー中から外部へ析出し易いため
に、トナーの表面状態が変化しやすく、帯電特性
が安定しないという問題がある。
〔発明の目的〕
そこで本発明の目的は、粒体特性が良好な圧力
定着性マイクロカプセル型トナーを提供するにあ
る。
本発明の他の目的は、定着性・オフセツト性が
良好な圧力定着性マイクロカプセル型トナーを提
供するにある。
本発明の他の目的は、カブリのない良好な画像
を得ることができる圧力定着性マイクロカプセル
型トナーを提供するにある。
〔発明の構成〕
本発明者は鋭意研究を重ねた結果、外壁と芯材
からなる圧力定着性マイクロカプセル型トナーに
おいて、少なくとも前記芯材中に下記一般式で表
されるシリコーン化合物を含有することを特徴と
する圧力定着性マイクロカプセル型トナーによつ
て上記目的を達成し得ることを見い出した。
〔式中、x,yは整数であり、+=5〜
200、Rは炭素数2〜40のアルキル基を表わす。〕
本発明のシリコーン化合物は、−R−OH基の
存在により、トナー樹脂との相溶性が高く、特に
極性樹脂との相溶性が高い。従つて、製造上有利
であるうえ、マイクロカプセルトナーはしみ出し
等の問題もなく、滑剤効果も大きいため、定着性
が良好になり、これによつて本発明の目的を達成
しうるものと考えられる。
本発明のシリコーン化合物は市販品からの入手
も可能であり、例えばKF−851(25℃、粘度
80cst)、X−22−801(mp50℃)(以上信越化学工
業社製)、SF−8427,SF−8428(25℃、粘度
130cst)(以上トーレシリコン社製)等をあげる
ことができる。
上記シリコーン化合物の末端基は、特に限定さ
れないが、一般に下記構造を有することが好まし
い。
式中R1,R2及びR3はアルキル基、アルケニル
基、アリル基またはアラルキル基などを表わす。
次に本発明において上記一般式〔〕で表わさ
れるシリコーン化合物としては下記市販品を用い
ることができる。
[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a toner for developing electrostatic images, and more particularly to a microcapsule type toner that can be suitably used as a pressure fixing type toner. [Prior Art] In recent years, an electrostatic charge image is formed based on image information using electrophotography, electrostatic printing, electrostatic recording, etc., and this is developed with a developer toner to form a toner image. It is widely practiced to form a visible image by transferring this toner image onto a transfer paper or the like and then fixing it. Conventionally, toner for developing electrostatic images has been widely used in powder form, which is obtained by finely pulverizing thermoplastic resin as a binder and colorant such as carbon black dispersed therein. If it is a two-component toner, it is mixed and stirred with a carrier such as iron powder or glass beads, or if it is a one-component toner containing fine magnetic powder, it is stirred itself. , after being triboelectrified and developing an electrostatic charge image using the electrostatic force, and transferring the obtained toner image, for example,
The image is fixed by heating with a heating roller or the like. However, in such toners, the toner particles are crushed during agitation for triboelectric charging, producing fine powder toner, resulting in poor visible image quality or the need to replace the toner with a new one prematurely. In addition, since fixing is achieved by a heat fixing method, a long waiting time is required until the temperature of the fixing device rises to the required set temperature, and a large amount of time is required for heating. In addition, it can cause a fire if a paper jam occurs, and in order to achieve reliable fixing, it is necessary to satisfy fairly strict conditions such as temperature conditions. Under such circumstances, research has recently begun on the use of so-called microcapsules as toners for developing electrostatic images.
This microcapsule type toner is in the form of a powder consisting of colored particles in which a core material made of a liquid substance or a soft solid substance is enclosed in a fine resin capsule (outer wall). When using this toner, fixation can be achieved by applying pressure with a pressure roller or the like to burst the capsule and release the core material inside. Therefore, since no heating is required, there is an advantage that the above-mentioned problems in heat fixing can be significantly alleviated. Regarding such microcapsule type toner that can be fixed under pressure, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open Nos. 51-91724 and 52-
Techniques described in publications such as No. 119937, No. 54-118249, and No. 55-64251 are known. However, the above technology still has problems such as an offset phenomenon to the pressure roller, durability, stability, and storage stability.In particular, there are problems with pressure fixing properties on plain paper, etc., and microcapsule type toner The fixing component therein was either rigid or excessively plastically deformed, resulting in insufficient fixing properties. Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies to improve the pressure fixing properties, and has found that it is insufficient to improve the fixing properties by simply improving the adhesion to paper, etc. It has been found that in order to prevent the film from peeling off from the surface, it is important to reduce the applied external force, that is, to make it slip. Conventionally, as a lubricant-like effect, there is, for example, dimethylsiloxane, which is a mold release agent. This dimethylsiloxane has a great lubricant effect, but on the other hand, it has poor compatibility with resins, etc., so it tends to precipitate when added to a toner, and has the disadvantage that the powder properties of the toner, especially its fluidity, deteriorate. . For this reason, when images are formed using microcapsule toner containing dimethylsiloxane (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 150968/1983), fogging occurs due to decreased fluidity, and toner There is a problem that the replenishment property becomes poor and the image quality deteriorates.Furthermore, there is a problem that the surface condition of the toner changes easily because it is easily deposited from inside the toner to the outside, and the charging characteristics are unstable. [Object of the Invention] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pressure fixable microcapsule toner having good particle properties. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pressure fixable microcapsule type toner having good fixing properties and offset properties. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-fixable microcapsule toner that can provide good images without fogging. [Structure of the Invention] As a result of extensive research, the present inventor has found that in a pressure-fixable microcapsule toner consisting of an outer wall and a core material, at least the core material contains a silicone compound represented by the following general formula. It has been found that the above object can be achieved by a pressure fixable microcapsule type toner characterized by the following. [In the formula, x and y are integers, +=5~
200, R represents an alkyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms. ] Due to the presence of the -R-OH group, the silicone compound of the present invention has high compatibility with toner resins, and particularly high compatibility with polar resins. Therefore, in addition to being advantageous in manufacturing, the microcapsule toner does not have problems such as bleeding and has a large lubricant effect, resulting in good fixing properties, and it is believed that the object of the present invention can be achieved by this. It will be done. The silicone compound of the present invention can also be obtained from commercial products, such as KF-851 (25°C, viscosity
80cst), X-22-801 (mp50℃) (made by Shin-Etsu Chemical), SF-8427, SF-8428 (25℃, viscosity
130cst) (manufactured by Toray Silicon Co., Ltd.), etc. The terminal group of the silicone compound is not particularly limited, but generally preferably has the following structure. In the formula, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 represent an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an allyl group or an aralkyl group. Next, in the present invention, the following commercial products can be used as the silicone compound represented by the above general formula [].
【表】
本発明のシリコーン化合物は、外壁及び/又は
芯材に含有せしめられ、必要に応じて芯材及び外
壁に含有せしめられ、その添加量はマイクロカプ
セル型トナー中に0.5〜10wt%、好ましくは1.0〜
5.0wt%の範囲である。
本発明のマイクロカプセル型トナーを製造する
方法は種々の公知のカプセル化技術を利用するこ
とができる。例えばスプレードライ法、界面重合
法(懸濁分散粒子の界面で当該粒子中の成分と分
散媒中の成分とが重合反応して樹脂膜を形成する
方法)、コアセルベーシヨン法、in−situ重合法、
相分離法などや米国特許第3338991号、同第
3326848号及び同第3502582号各明細書などに記載
されている方法などを利用できる。なかでも、界
面重合法を効果的に利用できる。外壁の形成が容
易で、芯材と壁材の機能分離が容易であるためで
ある。
またマイクロカプセル型トナーを構成する外壁
物質は、特に制限されるものではないが、エポキ
シ樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポ
リ尿素樹脂、ビニル系樹脂及びその他の樹脂が実
用上好ましく用いられ、保存安定性や製造上反応
時間が速やかな点においてはポリウレタン樹脂、
ポリ尿素樹脂を用いることが特に好ましい。
エポキシ樹脂は、エポキシ樹脂あるいは、エポ
キシ基を含有する化合物と硬化剤との反応で生成
する樹脂である。これらのエポキシ樹脂あるいは
エポキシ基を含有する化合物の例としては、下記
のものが挙げられるが、分子中に2個以上のエポ
キシ基を有するものであれば特に限定されない。[Table] The silicone compound of the present invention is contained in the outer wall and/or core material, and is contained in the core material and outer wall as necessary, and the amount added is preferably 0.5 to 10 wt% in the microcapsule type toner. is 1.0~
It is in the range of 5.0wt%. The method for manufacturing the microcapsule toner of the present invention can utilize various known encapsulation techniques. For example, spray drying method, interfacial polymerization method (a method in which components in the suspended and dispersed particles polymerize and react with components in the dispersion medium at the interface of the particles to form a resin film), coacelvation method, in-situ polymerization method,
Phase separation method, U.S. Patent No. 3338991,
The methods described in the specifications of No. 3326848 and No. 3502582 can be used. Among them, interfacial polymerization method can be effectively used. This is because it is easy to form the outer wall and it is easy to separate the functions of the core material and wall material. Furthermore, the outer wall material constituting the microcapsule type toner is not particularly limited, but epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyurethane resins, polyurea resins, vinyl resins, and other resins are preferably used for practical purposes and are stable in storage. Polyurethane resin, in terms of properties and quick reaction time in production,
Particular preference is given to using polyurea resins. Epoxy resin is a resin produced by a reaction between an epoxy resin or a compound containing an epoxy group and a curing agent. Examples of these epoxy resins or compounds containing epoxy groups include the following, but are not particularly limited as long as they have two or more epoxy groups in the molecule.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
さらに、市販品の例としては、「エピコート
807」「エピコート827」「エピコート190」「エピコ
ートYX−310」「エピコートDX−255」(油化シ
エルエポキシ社製)などが挙げられる。
なお、上記硬化剤としては、エチレンジアミ
ン、ジエチレントリアミン、トリエチレントリア
ミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、ヘキサメチレ
ンジアミン、イミノビスプロピルアミン、その他
の脂肪族ポリアミン化合物、キシリレンジアミ
ン、フエニレンジアミン、その他の芳香族ポリア
ミン化合物が代表的であり、又、市販品として
は、エピキユアT、エピキユアU、エピキユア
103、エポメートB−001、エポメートLX−IN、
エポメートPX−3(以上、油化シエルエポキシ社
製)等、その他一般にエポキシ硬化剤として知ら
れているものを挙げることができる。
ポリアミド樹脂としては、セバシン酸クロライ
ド、テレフタル酸クロライド、アジピン酸クロラ
イド等のカルボン酸塩化物と、上記エポキシ樹脂
の硬化剤として例示した脂肪族ポリアミン、芳香
族ポリアミン等の反応によつて得られる、いわゆ
るポリアミド樹脂を用いることができる。
ポリウレタン樹脂はポリイソシアネートとポリ
オールとの反応によつて得られ、ポリ尿素樹脂は
ポリイソシアネートとポリアミンとの反応によつ
て得られる。ここにポリイソシアネートの具体例
としては次のものを挙げることができる。[Table] Furthermore, as an example of a commercially available product, “Epicote
807,""Epicoat827,""Epicoat190,""EpicoatYX-310," and "Epicoat DX-255" (manufactured by Yuka Ciel Epoxy Co., Ltd.). The above-mentioned curing agents include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetriamine, tetraethylenepentamine, hexamethylenediamine, iminobispropylamine, other aliphatic polyamine compounds, xylylenediamine, phenylenediamine, and other aromatic polyamines. Typical compounds include Epiquure T, Epiquure U, and Epiquure
103, Epomate B-001, Epomate LX-IN,
Epomate PX-3 (manufactured by Yuka Ciel Epoxy Co., Ltd.) and other commonly known epoxy curing agents can be used. Examples of polyamide resins include so-called polyamide resins obtained by the reaction of carboxylic acid chlorides such as sebacyl chloride, terephthalic acid chloride, and adipic acid chloride with aliphatic polyamines and aromatic polyamines exemplified as curing agents for the above-mentioned epoxy resins. Polyamide resin can be used. Polyurethane resins are obtained by reacting polyisocyanates with polyols, and polyurea resins are obtained by reacting polyisocyanates with polyamines. Specific examples of polyisocyanates include the following.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
以上の如きポリイソシアネートと反応してポリ
ウレタン樹脂若しくはポリ尿素樹脂を与えるポリ
オール又はポリアミンの具体例としては、次のも
のを挙げることができる。
1 ポリオール
エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、
ブチレングリコール、ヘキサメチレングリコール
等のジオール類、グリセリン、トリメチロールプ
ロパン、トリメチロールエタン、1,2,6−ヘ
キサントリオール等のトリオール類、ペンタエリ
スリトール、及び水、その他。
2 ポリアミン
エチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、
ジエチレントリアミン、イミノビスプロピルアミ
ン、フエニレンジアミン、キシレンジアミン、ト
リエチレンテトラミン、その他。
更にビニル系樹脂を得るためのビニル系重合性
モノマーとしては、スチレン、パラクロロスチレ
ン、α−メチルスチレン、t−ブチルスチレンな
どのスチレン類、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸
エチル、アクリル酸n−プロピル、アクリル酸ス
テアリル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アク
リル酸フエニル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリ
ル酸エチル、メタクリル酸n−ブチル、メタクリ
ル酸2−エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸フエニル
などのα−メチレン脂肪族モノカルボン酸エステ
ル類、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリルな
どのビニルニトリル類、ビニルメチルエーテル、
ビニルイソブチルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル
類、2−ビニルピリジン、4−ビニルピリジンな
どのビニルピリジン類、N−ビニルピロリドンな
どのN−ビニル環状化合物類、ビニルメチルケト
ン、ビニルエチルケトン、メチルイソプロペニル
ケトンなどのビニルケトン類、エチレン、プロピ
レン、イソブチレン、ブタジエン、イソプレンな
どの不飽和炭化水素類、クロロプレンなどのハロ
ゲン含有不飽和炭化水素類、その他の単官能ビニ
ル系モノマーを単独で或いは組み合せて用いるこ
とができる。
以上の単官能モノマーのほか、多官能ビニル系
モノマーを用いることもでき、この多官能モノマ
ーとしては、エチレングリコールジメタクリレー
ト、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ト
リエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、テトラ
エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ネオペン
チルグリコールジメタクリレート、ジプロピレン
グリコールジメタクリレート、トリメチロールプ
ロパントリメタクリレート、トリメチロールエタ
ントリメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテ
トラメタクリレートなどの多価アルコールメタク
リレート類、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレー
ト、トリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、テ
トラエチレングリコールジアクリレート、ネオペ
ンチルグリコールジアクリレート、トリメチロー
ルプロパントリアクリレート、トリメチロールエ
タントリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテ
トラアクリレートなどの多価アルコールアクリレ
ート類、ジビニルベンゼンなどの多官能ビニルベ
ンゼン類、その他を単独で或いは組み合せて用い
ることができ、更にこれらの多官能モノマーを既
述の単官能モノマーと組み合せて用いてもよい。
本発明のマイクロカプセル型トナーを構成する
芯材には、圧力定着性物質が含有され、該物質と
しては液状ポリブテン、液状ポリクロロプレン、
アジピン酸系ポリエステル、液状ポリエステル、
ジブチルフタレート、ジオクチルフタレート、塩
素化パラフイン等の可塑剤類、リノール類、リノ
レン酸、オレイン酸、エライジン酸、エレオステ
アリン酸、リノレンエライジン酸、ガドレン酸、
エルシン酸、アラキドン酸、クルパノドン酸、α
−リカン酸などの不飽和脂肪酸のエステル類、ア
マニ油、エノ油、桐油、ヒマシ油、アサ実油、カ
ポツク油、ケシ実油、ゴマ油、米ヌカ油、サフラ
ワー油、大豆油、トウモロコシ油、ナタネ油、ヒ
マワリ油、綿実油、オリーブ油等の植物油類、イ
カ油、イワシ油、サンマ油、鯨油、牛脂、豚脂、
羊脂等の動物油類、ミネラルオイル等の鉱油類、
アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル
酸2−エチルヘキシル、などのアクリル酸エステ
ル類の重合体及びそれらのオリゴマー、メタクリ
ル酸メチル、メタクリル酸ラウリル、メタクリル
酸ブチル、メタクリル酸プロピル、メタクリル酸
2−エチルヘキシル等のメタクリル酸エステル類
の重合体及びそれらのオリゴマー、スチレン、α
−メチルスチレン等のスチレン類の重合体及びそ
れらのオリゴマー、酢酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル等の
ビニルエステル類の重合体及びそれらのオリゴマ
ー、エチレン、プロピレン、ブタジエン等の不飽
和炭化水素類の重合体及びそれらのオリゴマー、
スチレンとアクリル酸エステル類との共重合体及
びそれらのオリゴマー、スチレンとメタクリル酸
エステル類との共重合体及びそれらのオリゴマ
ー、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、スチレンブタ
ジエン共重合体、スチレンイソプレン共重合体、
アクリロニトリルスチレンブタジエン共重合体、
アスフアルト、ギルソナイド等の石油系残渣、ア
セチレンとブタジエンの共重合体、ジシクロペン
タジエンオリゴマー等の合成乾性油類、カルナバ
ロウ、オウキユリーロウ、チヤンデリラロウ、砂
糖ロウ、木ロウ、スカロウ等の植物ロウ類、ミツ
ロウ、サラシミツロウ、鯨ロウ、セラツクロウ、
ラノリン等の動物ロウ類、モンタンロウ、オゾケ
ライト、セレシン等の鉱物ロウ類を挙げることが
でき、これらを単独もしくは二種以上組合せて用
いることができる。
また工業的に製造され得る次のワツクスも好適
に用いることができる。例えばエステルワツク
ス(ヘキスト社製Hoechst Wax E,F,KP,
KPS,BJ,OP,OM,X22,UおよびO等の合
成エステルワツクス等)、酸化ワツクス(パラ
フインワツクス、マイクロクリスタリンワツクス
等のワツクスを酸化して得られるワツクス、日本
精蝋社製のNPS−9210、NPS−6115、東洋ペト
ロライト社製PETRONABA・C,CARDIS314
や、ヘキスト社製Hoechst Wax S,L,および
LP等)、低分子量ポリエチレンワツクス(特に
分子量300〜1000のもので、東洋ペトロライト社
製POLYWAX500および655等)等を挙げること
ができ、更に、マイクロワツクス(日石マイクロ
ワツクス155,180(日本石油社製)、HI−MIC−
1080、HI−MIC−2065、HI−MIC−2095、HI−
MIC−1070、HI−MIC−1045、HI−MIC−2045
(日本精蝋社製)、STAR WAX 100、BE
SQUARE 175,185、VICTORY,
ULTRAFLEX(東洋ペトロライト社製)等)、ス
テアリン酸、ベヘン酸、ステアリルアルコール、
ステアリン酸ドデシル、ステアロン、ソルビタン
モノステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンモノステ
アレート等を挙げることができる。
芯材に含有される上記圧力定着物質は、任意に
選択して用いられるが、マイクロカブセルトナー
の製造方法及び本発明のシリコーン化合物との関
連で、例えば界面重合法を採用する場合、アクリ
ル樹脂を好ましく用いることができる。
また、前記芯材に含有される圧力定着性物質の
トナー中の含有量は、5〜45wt%、好ましくは
15〜35wt%である。
又、芯材中には、好ましくは着色剤が含有され
るが、例えば一成分トナーとして用いられる磁性
トナーとして好適なマイクロカプセル型トナーを
得るためには、当該着色剤の一部又は全部として
磁性体の微粉末が含有される。
着色剤としては、カーボンブラツク、ニグロシ
ン染料(C.I.No.50415B)、アニリンブルー(C.I.No.
50405)、カルコオイルブルー(C.I.No.azoic
Blue3)、クロムイエロー(C.I.No.14090)、ウルト
ラマリンブルー(C.I.No.77103)、デユポンオイル
レツド(C.I.No.26105)、キノリンイエロー(C.I.
No.47005)、メチレンブルークロライド(C.I.No.
52015)、フタロシアニンブルー(C.I.No.74160)、
マラカイトグリーンオクサレート(C.I.No.
42000)、ランプブラツク(C.I.No.77266)、ローズ
ベンガル(C.I.No.45435)、これらの混合物、その
他を挙げることができる。これら着色剤は、高濃
度の可視像が形成されるに十分な割合で含有され
ることが必要であり、通常圧力定着性物質100重
量部に対して0〜20重量部程度の割合とされる。
前記磁性体としては、フエライト、マグネタイ
トを始めとする鉄、コバルト、ニツケルなどの強
磁性を示す金属若しくは合金又はこれらの元素を
含む化合物、或いは強磁性元素を含まないが適当
な熱処理を施すことによつて強磁性を示すように
なる合金、例えばマンガン−銅−アルミニウム、
マンガン−銅−錫などのマンガンと銅とを含むホ
イスラー合金と呼ばれる種類の合金、又は二酸化
クロム、その他を挙げることができる。
具体的には、マグネタイトとして、EPT−
1000、EPT−500、MRMB−450(以上、戸田工
業社製)、BL−100、BL−120、BL−200、BL−
220、BL−500、BL−520、BL−SP、RB−BL、
RB−20(以上、チタン工業社製)などが好適に
用いられる。
これらの磁性体は平均粒径0.1〜1μmの微粉末
の形で圧力定着性物質の中に均一に分散される。
そしてその含有量は、トナー100重量部当り20〜
70重量部、好ましくは40〜70重量部である。
なお、磁性トナーとするために磁性体微粉末を
含有せしめる場合には、着色剤の場合と同様に処
理すればよいが、そのままでは、芯材材料、単量
体等の有機物質に対する親和性が低いので、磁性
体微粉末をチタンカツプリング剤、シランカツプ
リング剤、レシチン等のいわゆるカツプリング剤
と共に或いはカツプリング剤により処理した上で
用いると、磁性体微粉末を均一に分散せしめるこ
とができる。
本発明のマイクロカプセル型トナーの各構成材
料の混合量比は下記表に示す比率が好適である。[Table] Specific examples of polyols or polyamines that react with the above polyisocyanates to produce polyurethane resins or polyurea resins include the following. 1 Polyol ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
Diols such as butylene glycol and hexamethylene glycol, triols such as glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, pentaerythritol, water, and others. 2 Polyamine ethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine,
Diethylenetriamine, iminobispropylamine, phenylenediamine, xylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, and others. Furthermore, vinyl polymerizable monomers for obtaining vinyl resins include styrenes such as styrene, parachlorostyrene, α-methylstyrene, and t-butylstyrene, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, α-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as stearyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, and phenyl methacrylate; Vinyl nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, vinyl methyl ether,
Vinyl ethers such as vinyl isobutyl ether, vinyl pyridines such as 2-vinylpyridine and 4-vinylpyridine, N-vinyl cyclic compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropenyl ketone, etc. Vinyl ketones, unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, butadiene, and isoprene, halogen-containing unsaturated hydrocarbons such as chloroprene, and other monofunctional vinyl monomers can be used alone or in combination. In addition to the above monofunctional monomers, polyfunctional vinyl monomers can also be used, and these polyfunctional monomers include ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and neopentyl glycol. Polyhydric alcohol methacrylates such as dimethacrylate, dipropylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolethane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, neo Polyhydric alcohol acrylates such as pentyl glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolethane triacrylate, and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, polyfunctional vinylbenzenes such as divinylbenzene, and others can be used alone or in combination. Furthermore, these polyfunctional monomers may be used in combination with the monofunctional monomers described above. The core material constituting the microcapsule type toner of the present invention contains a pressure fixing substance, and examples of the substance include liquid polybutene, liquid polychloroprene,
Adipic acid polyester, liquid polyester,
Plasticizers such as dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, chlorinated paraffin, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, eleostearic acid, linolenic acid, gadolenic acid,
Erucic acid, arachidonic acid, culpanodonic acid, α
- Esters of unsaturated fatty acids such as lycanic acid, linseed oil, eno oil, tung oil, castor oil, hemp seed oil, kapotsk oil, poppy seed oil, sesame oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, Vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, squid oil, sardine oil, saury oil, whale oil, beef tallow, pork fat,
Animal oils such as mutton fat, mineral oils such as mineral oil,
Polymers of acrylic esters such as methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and oligomers thereof, methyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, etc. Polymers of methacrylic acid esters and their oligomers, styrene, α
- Polymers of styrenes such as methylstyrene and oligomers thereof, polymers of vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl butyrate and oligomers thereof, polymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, butadiene, etc. oligomers,
Copolymers of styrene and acrylic esters and oligomers thereof, copolymers of styrene and methacrylic esters and oligomers thereof, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers ,
acrylonitrile styrene butadiene copolymer,
Petroleum residues such as asphalt and gilsonide, synthetic drying oils such as copolymers of acetylene and butadiene, and dicyclopentadiene oligomers, vegetable waxes such as carnauba wax, oak lily wax, chandelilla wax, sugar wax, wood wax, and scarlet, beeswax, and salami. Beeswax, spermaceti wax, serrata wax,
Examples include animal waxes such as lanolin, and mineral waxes such as montan wax, ozokerite, and ceresin, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The following waxes that can be produced industrially can also be suitably used. For example, ester wax (Hoechst Wax E, F, KP,
Synthetic ester waxes such as KPS, BJ, OP, OM, NPS-9210, NPS-6115, PETRONABA・C manufactured by Toyo Petrolite Co., Ltd., CARDIS314
, Hoechst Wax S, L, and
LP, etc.), low molecular weight polyethylene waxes (particularly those with a molecular weight of 300 to 1000, such as POLYWAX 500 and 655 manufactured by Toyo Petrolite Co., Ltd.), and micro waxes (Nisseki Micro Wax 155, 180, etc.). (manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.), HI−MIC−
1080, HI-MIC-2065, HI-MIC-2095, HI-
MIC−1070, HI−MIC−1045, HI−MIC−2045
(manufactured by Nippon Seirosha), STAR WAX 100, BE
SQUARE 175, 185, VICTORY,
ULTRAFLEX (manufactured by Toyo Petrolite Co., Ltd.), stearic acid, behenic acid, stearyl alcohol,
Examples include dodecyl stearate, stearon, sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, and the like. The above-mentioned pressure fixing substance contained in the core material can be arbitrarily selected and used, but in connection with the manufacturing method of the micro capsule toner and the silicone compound of the present invention, for example, when an interfacial polymerization method is adopted, acrylic resin may be used. It can be preferably used. Further, the content of the pressure fixing substance contained in the core material in the toner is 5 to 45 wt%, preferably
It is 15-35wt%. In addition, the core material preferably contains a colorant, but in order to obtain a microcapsule toner suitable as a magnetic toner used as a one-component toner, for example, magnetic toner may be included as part or all of the colorant. Contains fine body powder. Coloring agents include carbon black, nigrosine dye (CI No. 50415B), and aniline blue (CI No.
50405), Calco Oil Blue (CINo.azoic
Blue3), Chrome Yellow (CINo.14090), Ultramarine Blue (CINo.77103), DuPont Oil Red (CINo.26105), Quinoline Yellow (CI
No.47005), methylene blue chloride (CINo.
52015), Phthalocyanine Blue (CINo.74160),
Malachite Green Oxalate (CINo.
42000), lampblack (CI No. 77266), rose bengal (CI No. 45435), mixtures thereof, and others. These colorants need to be contained in a sufficient proportion to form a high-density visible image, and are usually contained in a proportion of 0 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the pressure fixing material. Ru. The magnetic material may be a ferromagnetic metal or alloy such as iron, cobalt, or nickel, including ferrite and magnetite, or a compound containing these elements, or a material that does not contain a ferromagnetic element but is subjected to appropriate heat treatment. Alloys that become ferromagnetic, such as manganese-copper-aluminum,
Mention may be made of a type of alloy called Heusler alloy containing manganese and copper, such as manganese-copper-tin, or chromium dioxide, among others. Specifically, as magnetite, EPT-
1000, EPT-500, MRMB-450 (manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.), BL-100, BL-120, BL-200, BL-
220, BL-500, BL-520, BL-SP, RB-BL,
RB-20 (manufactured by Titanium Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and the like are preferably used. These magnetic substances are uniformly dispersed in the pressure fixable material in the form of fine powder with an average particle size of 0.1 to 1 μm.
The content is 20 to 100 parts by weight of toner.
70 parts by weight, preferably 40 to 70 parts by weight. In addition, when containing magnetic fine powder to make a magnetic toner, it can be treated in the same way as the colorant, but if it is left as it is, the affinity for organic substances such as core materials and monomers will be reduced. Therefore, if the magnetic fine powder is used together with a so-called coupling agent such as a titanium coupling agent, a silane coupling agent, or lecithin, or after being treated with a coupling agent, the magnetic fine powder can be uniformly dispersed. The mixing ratio of each constituent material of the microcapsule type toner of the present invention is preferably as shown in the table below.
以下、本発明の実施例について説明するが、こ
れらによつて本発明が限定されるものではない。
実施例1 (in situ重合法の例)
液状ポリブテン 128g
KF−851(信越化学工業社製) 12g
エチレングリコールジメタクリレート 60g
ラウロイルパーオキサイド 2.4g
磁性粉BL−520(チタン工業社製) 200g
上記物質を混合し、サンドグラインダーを用
い、約30分間均一に混合分散し、磁性インクを得
た。次いで、分散安定剤として、コロイド状リン
酸三カルシウム20gとドデシルベンゼンスルホン
酸ナトリウム0.08gを含有する水2000ml中に、ホ
モジエツター(特殊機化工業社製)を用いて回転
数7000〜8000rpmの条件で上記磁性インクを平均
粒径が15μmとなるように懸濁分散した。この懸
濁分散液を四つ口フラスコへうつし、200rpmの
撹拌速度で75℃、8時間反応した。反応後塩酸に
より分散安定剤を分解除去し、過・水洗・乾燥
して本発明のトナーを得た。本トナーを「トナー
1」とする。
実施例 2(in situ重合法の例)
ポリ酢酸ビニル 118g
(Mw=35000 Mw/Mn=3.5)X−22−801
(信越化学工業社製) 12g
エピコート819(油化シエルエポキシ社製) 60g
エポメートB−001(油化シエルエポキシ社製)
10g
(エピコート819硬化剤)磁性粉BL−500(チタ
ン工業社製) 200g
レシチン(磁性粉分散及び流動化促進剤)
0.6g
以上を混合し、サンドグラインダーを用い、均
一に分散混合し、磁性インクを得る。次いで、分
散安定剤として、コロイド状リン酸三カルシウム
20gとドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム
0.08gを含有する水2中に、ホモジエツター
(特殊機化工業社製)を用い、回転数9000rpmの
条件下で上記磁性インクを平均粒径が10〜15μm
になるように懸濁分散した。この懸濁分散液を四
つ口フラスコを用い、200rpmの撹拌速度で、80
℃、10時間反応し、エピコート819とエポメート
B−001とを反応せしめて形成されるエポキシ樹
脂皮膜を有するマイクロカプセルとした。反応後
塩酸により、分散安定剤を分解除去し、過・水
洗・乾燥して、本発明トナーを得た。本トナーを
「トナー2」とする。
実施例 3(界面重合法の例)
芯材物質として、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合
体108g、X−22−160AS(信越化学工業社製)12
gに、塩化メチレン100mlを加え、均一に溶融し
た溶液とする。次いで、外壁材料()としてポ
リメチレンフエニルイソシアネート「ミリオネー
トMR」(日本ポリウレタン工業社製)80gを加
えてサンドグラインダーにて均一溶解物とした
後、磁性粉BL−120(チタン工業社製)200gを加
え、サンドグラインダーにて約1時間均一に混合
分散し、磁性インクを得る。次いで、分散安定剤
としてコロイド状リン酸三カルシウム20gとドデ
シルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム0.2gを含む
水溶液3中に、ホモジエツター(特殊機化工業
社製)を用いて、上記の均一混合分散物を平均粒
径が15μmとなるようにホモジエツター回転数を
調整し、水中に懸濁分散せしめた。懸濁分散液を
四つ口フラスコに移し、液温を35℃〜40℃に保
ち、塩化メチレンを蒸留・留去する。次いで、こ
の分散液中に外壁材料()としてキシリレンジ
アミン20gを滴下し、約3時間分散液を撹拌し
て、「ミリオネートMR」とキシリレンジアミン
を分散液滴界面にて反応せしめ、分散液滴表面に
ポリウレアの外壁を形成せしめた。反応後塩酸に
より、分散安定剤を分解除去し、過・水洗を行
なつた後、乾燥して、本発明トナーを得た。本ト
ナーを「トナー3」とする。
実施例 4(界面重合法の例)
芯材物質用単量体として、ラウリルメタクリレ
ート108g、X−22−160A(信越化学工業社製)
12g、外壁材料()として、ジフエニルメタン
−4,4′−ジイソシアネート80g、芯材物質用単
量体重合開始剤「V−65」4.3g、磁性粉BL−
520(チタン工業社製)200gを均一に混合し、サ
ンドグラインダーを用い、約1時間混合・分散
し、磁性インクを得る。次いで、分散安定剤とし
てコロイド状リン酸三カルシウム20gとドデシル
ベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム0.2gを含む水溶
液3中に、ホモジエツター(特殊機化工業社
製)を用いて、上記の均一混合分散物を平均粒径
が15μmとなるようにホモジエツター回転数を調
整し、水中に懸濁分散せしめた。分散液を四つ口
フラスコに移し、この分散液中に外壁材料()
としてキシリレンジアミン40gを滴下し、室温に
て、1時間反応させる。次いで、60℃に温度を上
げ、6時間反応し、芯材を重合せしめる。この
後、塩酸により分散安定剤を分解除去し、過・
水洗を行なつた後、乾燥し、本発明トナーを得
た。本トナーを「トナー4」とする。
実施例 5(界面重合法の例)
実施例4において、X−22−160Aの代わりに
X−22−160Bを用い、ジフエニルメタン−4,
4′−ジイソシアネート80gの代わりに、ジフエニ
ルメタン−4,4′−ジイソシアネート56gと、エ
ピコート819、24gを用い、60℃で6時間反応後、
80℃にて10時間反応させ、本発明トナーを得た。
本トナーを「トナー5」とする。
実施例6 (コアセルベート法及びスプレードラ
イ法による例)
芯材物質として、ポリ酢酸ビニル20g、X−22
−160C(信越化学工業社製)3gを塩化メチレン
40gに溶解したものに、磁性粉「BL−520」40g
を加え、サンドグラインダーにて均一に混合分散
せしめた。別に尿素15gと37%ホルムアルデヒド
水溶液40gを混合し、10%エタノールアミン水溶
液を加えて、PHを8に調整し、これを70℃に保つ
て約3時間撹拌し、尿素ホルムアルデヒド初期縮
合物を得た。次いで、この初期縮合物30gを含む
水溶液250ml中にホモジエツターを用いて、上記
の均一混合分散物を平均粒径が15μmとなる様に
ホモジエツターの回転数を調整して、懸濁分散せ
しめた。この分散液を四つ口フラスコに移し撹拌
しながら、クエン酸を除々に滴下してPHを5に
し、温度を50℃に保つて、2時間撹拌する(この
間に芯材材料を溶解した塩化メチレンは蒸発す
る。)。さらに、クエン酸でPHを3に下げて、更に
50℃に5時間保ち、分散液滴表面に尿素−ホルム
アルデヒド縮合物の外壁を形成せしめた。この様
にして得られたカプセル粒子を水洗・過した
後、カプセル100部に対して20部の樹脂分を含ん
だ別調整のスチレン・アクリル系共重合体のエマ
ルジヨンと混合し、スプレードライヤーにより噴
霧乾燥して、上記カプセルの外側にスチレン・ア
クリル共重合体の外壁を設けた。このようにして
本発明のトナーを得た。本トナーを「トナー6」
とする。
実施例 7
実施例5において、X−22−160Bの代わりに
KF−851(信越化学工業社製)3gを用いた他は
同様にして、本発明のトナーを得た。これを「ト
ナー7」とする。
実施例 8
実施例5において、X−22−160Bの代わりに
X−22−801(信越化学工業社製)20gを用いた他
は同様にして、本発明トナーを得た。これを「ト
ナー8」とする。
実施例 9
実施例2において、磁性粉「BL−500」200g
の代わりに、「BL−500」100gを用いた他は同様
にして、本発明トナーを得た。これを「トナー
9」とする。
実施例 10
実施例3において、X−22−160ASの代わりに
SF−8428(トーレシリコン社製)を用い、磁性粉
「BL−120」200gの代わりに、「BL−520」100g
を用いた他は同様にして、本発明トナーを得た。
これを「トナー10」とする。
実施例 11
実施例5において、X−22−160Bの代わりに
SF−8427を用い、磁性粉「BL−520」200gの代
わりに、「BL−520」100gを用いた他は同様にし
て、本発明トナーを得た。これを「トナー11」と
する。
実施例 12
実施例6において、「BL−520」40gの代わり
に、「BL−120」20gを用いた他は同様にして、
本発明トナーを得た。本トナーを「トナー12」と
する。
実施例 13
実施例5において、X−22−160Bの代わりに、
「X−22−801」10g、磁性粉「BL−520」200g
の代わりに、カーボンブラツク(三菱カーボンブ
ラツク#30、三菱化成工業)15gを用いた他は同
様にして、本発明のトナーを得た。本トナーを
「トナー13」とする。
実施例 14
実施例6において、X−22−160Cの代わりに、
SF−8428(トーレシリコン社製)1.5g、磁性粉
「BL−520」40gの代わりに、カーボンブラツク
(Monarch880キヤボツト社製)1gを用いた他
は同様にして、本発明トナーを得た。本トナーを
「トナー14」とする。
比較例 1
実施例5において、X−22−160Bを除いた他
は同様にして、トナーを得た。本トナーを「比較
トナー1」とする。
比較例 2
実施例13において、X−22−801を除いた他は
同様にしてトナーを得た。本トナーを「比較トナ
ー2」とする。
比較例 3
実施例5において、X−22−160Bをポリジメ
チルシロキサンSH−200(1万c.s.トーレシリコン
社製)を用いた他は同様にして、トナーを得た。
本トナーを「比較トナー3」とする。
比較例 4
エチレン−酢ビ共重合体100gに、磁性粉「BL
−520」100gを加え、練肉混合粉砕し、トナーを
得た。本トナーを「比較トナー4」とする。
本発明のトナー「トナー1」〜「トナー14」を
用い、電子写真性能の評価を行なつた。粉体特性
の評価を表−1に示す。粉体特性評価として、静
カサ密度により、粉体の流動性を評価し、ブロー
オフ法による帯電量測定により、摩擦帯電性を評
価した。静カサ密度は、シリカ粉末をトナー中に
0.4%(重量)加え、V型混合器を用い、均一に
混合した後、タツプデンサーKYT−2000(セイシ
ン企業社製)を用い測定した。帯電量は導電性鉄
粉キヤリアと混合し現像剤とし(トナー濃度3
%)その試料を「New−Ys振とう機」(ヤヨイ社
製)により所定時間振とうせしめて摩擦帯電せし
めたものの2gを350メツシユのスクリーンメツ
シユを張設した金属製の容器内に入れて吹き込み
口より窒素ガスを0.2Kg/cm2の圧力で3秒間吹き
込んでトナーをスクリーンメツシユより飛散させ
て残留したキヤリアの電荷を電圧計によつて測定
するブローオフ法によつて測定した。測定の環境
条件は温度20℃、相対湿度60%である。
Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 (Example of in situ polymerization method) Liquid polybutene 128 g KF-851 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 12 g Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 60 g Lauroyl peroxide 2.4 g Magnetic powder BL-520 (manufactured by Titanium Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 200 g The mixture was mixed and dispersed uniformly for about 30 minutes using a sand grinder to obtain a magnetic ink. Next, in 2000 ml of water containing 20 g of colloidal tricalcium phosphate and 0.08 g of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate as a dispersion stabilizer, it was mixed at a rotation speed of 7000 to 8000 rpm using a homogeator (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.). The above magnetic ink was suspended and dispersed so that the average particle size was 15 μm. This suspended dispersion was transferred to a four-necked flask and reacted at 75° C. for 8 hours at a stirring speed of 200 rpm. After the reaction, the dispersion stabilizer was decomposed and removed with hydrochloric acid, filtered, washed with water, and dried to obtain the toner of the present invention. This toner will be referred to as "Toner 1". Example 2 (Example of in situ polymerization method) Polyvinyl acetate 118g (Mw=35000 Mw/Mn=3.5)X-22-801
(manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 12g Epicote 819 (manufactured by Yuka Ciel Epoxy Co., Ltd.) 60 g Epomate B-001 (manufactured by Yuka Ciel Epoxy Co., Ltd.)
10g (Epicoat 819 hardening agent) Magnetic powder BL-500 (manufactured by Titan Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 200g Lecithin (Magnetic powder dispersion and fluidization promoter)
Mix 0.6g or more and use a sand grinder to uniformly disperse and mix to obtain magnetic ink. Then, colloidal tricalcium phosphate was used as a dispersion stabilizer.
20g and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
Using a homogeator (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in water 2 containing 0.08 g at a rotation speed of 9000 rpm, the above magnetic ink was added with an average particle size of 10 to 15 μm.
It was suspended and dispersed so that Using a four-necked flask, stir this suspension dispersion at a stirring speed of 200 rpm for 80 min.
℃ for 10 hours to form microcapsules having an epoxy resin film formed by reacting Epicote 819 and Epomate B-001. After the reaction, the dispersion stabilizer was decomposed and removed with hydrochloric acid, filtered, washed with water, and dried to obtain the toner of the present invention. This toner will be referred to as "toner 2." Example 3 (Example of interfacial polymerization method) As a core material material, 108 g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, X-22-160AS (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 12
Add 100 ml of methylene chloride to g to make a uniformly molten solution. Next, 80 g of polymethylene phenyl isocyanate "Millionate MR" (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was added as an outer wall material () and the mixture was made into a homogeneous solution using a sand grinder, followed by 200 g of magnetic powder BL-120 (manufactured by Titan Kogyo Co., Ltd.). was added and uniformly mixed and dispersed for about 1 hour using a sand grinder to obtain a magnetic ink. Next, using a homogeator (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), the above homogeneous mixed dispersion was dispersed into an aqueous solution 3 containing 20 g of colloidal tricalcium phosphate and 0.2 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a dispersion stabilizer. The homogeator rotation speed was adjusted so that the diameter was 15 μm, and the particles were suspended and dispersed in water. Transfer the suspension dispersion to a four-necked flask, maintain the liquid temperature at 35°C to 40°C, and distill off methylene chloride. Next, 20 g of xylylene diamine was dropped into this dispersion as an outer wall material (2), and the dispersion was stirred for about 3 hours to cause "Millionate MR" and xylylene diamine to react at the interface of the dispersion droplets, and the dispersion was A polyurea outer wall was formed on the droplet surface. After the reaction, the dispersion stabilizer was decomposed and removed with hydrochloric acid, washed with filtration and water, and then dried to obtain the toner of the present invention. This toner will be referred to as "Toner 3." Example 4 (Example of interfacial polymerization method) As a monomer for core material material, 108 g of lauryl methacrylate, X-22-160A (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
12g, outer wall material (): 80g diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, 4.3g monomer polymerization initiator "V-65" for core material, magnetic powder BL-
520 (manufactured by Titan Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was uniformly mixed and mixed and dispersed for about 1 hour using a sand grinder to obtain a magnetic ink. Next, using a homogeator (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.), the above homogeneous mixed dispersion was dispersed into an aqueous solution 3 containing 20 g of colloidal tricalcium phosphate and 0.2 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a dispersion stabilizer. The homogeator rotation speed was adjusted so that the diameter was 15 μm, and the particles were suspended and dispersed in water. Transfer the dispersion liquid to a four-necked flask, and add the outer wall material () to this dispersion liquid.
40 g of xylylene diamine was added dropwise to the mixture, and the mixture was allowed to react at room temperature for 1 hour. Next, the temperature is raised to 60°C and the reaction is carried out for 6 hours to polymerize the core material. After this, the dispersion stabilizer is decomposed and removed with hydrochloric acid, and
After washing with water, the toner of the present invention was obtained by drying. This toner will be referred to as "Toner 4". Example 5 (Example of interfacial polymerization method) In Example 4, X-22-160B was used instead of X-22-160A, and diphenylmethane-4,
Instead of 80 g of 4'-diisocyanate, 56 g of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate and 24 g of Epicote 819 were used, and after reacting at 60°C for 6 hours,
The reaction was carried out at 80° C. for 10 hours to obtain the toner of the present invention.
This toner will be referred to as "Toner 5." Example 6 (Example using coacervate method and spray drying method) As core material material, 20 g of polyvinyl acetate, X-22
-160C (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 3g in methylene chloride
40g of magnetic powder "BL-520" dissolved in 40g
was added and uniformly mixed and dispersed using a sand grinder. Separately, 15 g of urea and 40 g of a 37% formaldehyde aqueous solution were mixed, 10% ethanolamine aqueous solution was added, the pH was adjusted to 8, and the mixture was kept at 70°C and stirred for about 3 hours to obtain a urea-formaldehyde initial condensate. . Next, the uniformly mixed dispersion was suspended and dispersed in 250 ml of an aqueous solution containing 30 g of this initial condensate by adjusting the rotational speed of the homogeter so that the average particle size was 15 μm. Transfer this dispersion liquid to a four-necked flask, and while stirring, gradually add citric acid dropwise to bring the pH to 5, maintain the temperature at 50°C, and stir for 2 hours (during this time, methylene chloride in which the core material has been dissolved is used). evaporates). Furthermore, lower the pH to 3 with citric acid and further
The temperature was maintained at 50° C. for 5 hours to form an outer wall of the urea-formaldehyde condensate on the surface of the dispersed droplets. After washing and filtering the capsule particles thus obtained, they are mixed with a separately prepared emulsion of styrene-acrylic copolymer containing 20 parts of resin per 100 parts of capsules, and then sprayed with a spray dryer. After drying, an outer wall of styrene-acrylic copolymer was provided on the outside of the capsule. In this way, the toner of the present invention was obtained. This toner is called “Toner 6”
shall be. Example 7 In Example 5, instead of X-22-160B
A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner except that 3 g of KF-851 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. This is called "Toner 7". Example 8 A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that 20 g of X-22-801 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used instead of X-22-160B. This will be referred to as "toner 8". Example 9 In Example 2, 200g of magnetic powder “BL-500”
A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner except that 100 g of "BL-500" was used instead. This will be referred to as "toner 9." Example 10 In Example 3, instead of X-22-160AS
Using SF-8428 (manufactured by Toray Silicone), 100g of "BL-520" was used instead of 200g of magnetic powder "BL-120".
A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner except that .
This is called "toner 10". Example 11 In Example 5, instead of X-22-160B
A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner except that SF-8427 was used and 100 g of "BL-520" was used instead of 200 g of magnetic powder "BL-520." This will be referred to as "Toner 11." Example 12 In the same manner as in Example 6 except that 20 g of “BL-120” was used instead of 40 g of “BL-520”,
A toner of the present invention was obtained. This toner is referred to as "Toner 12." Example 13 In Example 5, instead of X-22-160B,
"X-22-801" 10g, magnetic powder "BL-520" 200g
A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner except that 15 g of carbon black (Mitsubishi Carbon Black #30, Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead. This toner will be referred to as "Toner 13." Example 14 In Example 6, instead of X-22-160C,
A toner of the present invention was obtained in the same manner except that 1.5 g of SF-8428 (manufactured by Toray Silicon Co., Ltd.) and 40 g of magnetic powder "BL-520" were replaced with 1 g of carbon black (Monarch 880, manufactured by Cabot Co., Ltd.). This toner is referred to as "Toner 14." Comparative Example 1 A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that X-22-160B was removed. This toner is referred to as "comparison toner 1." Comparative Example 2 A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 except that X-22-801 was removed. This toner is referred to as "comparison toner 2." Comparative Example 3 A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that polydimethylsiloxane SH-200 (10,000 CS manufactured by Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.) was used instead of X-22-160B.
This toner will be referred to as "Comparison Toner 3." Comparative Example 4 Magnetic powder “BL” was added to 100 g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
100 g of "-520" was added, mixed and ground to obtain a toner. This toner will be referred to as "Comparison Toner 4." Using the toners "Toner 1" to "Toner 14" of the present invention, electrophotographic performance was evaluated. Evaluation of powder characteristics is shown in Table-1. To evaluate the powder properties, the fluidity of the powder was evaluated based on the static bulk density, and the triboelectric charging property was evaluated by measuring the amount of charge using the blow-off method. Static bulk density is determined by adding silica powder to the toner.
After adding 0.4% (by weight) and mixing uniformly using a V-type mixer, measurement was performed using a tapdenser KYT-2000 (manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd.). The amount of charge is determined by mixing it with a conductive iron powder carrier and using it as a developer (toner concentration 3).
%) The sample was shaken for a predetermined period of time using a "New-Ys shaker" (manufactured by Yayoi Co., Ltd.) to form a triboelectric charge, and then 2 g of the sample was placed in a metal container lined with a 350-mesh screen mesh. The measurement was carried out by a blow-off method in which nitrogen gas was blown at a pressure of 0.2 kg/cm 2 for 3 seconds through the blowing port to scatter the toner from the screen mesh, and the charge of the remaining carrier was measured using a voltmeter. The environmental conditions for measurement were a temperature of 20°C and a relative humidity of 60%.
【表】【table】
【表】
このように、本発明トナーは、比較トナー3と
比べ、粉体特性がより良好であることが判る。
次に、本発明トナー及び比較トナーを用いて、
現像・定着を行ない、定着性、オフセツト性を評
価した。「トナー1」〜「トナー8」及び「比較
トナー1」、「比較トナー3」、「比較トナー4」
は、U−Bix TEN(小西六写真工業社製)の定
着機を圧力定着機(20Kg/cm)のものに改造した
機械を用い、評価した。また、「トナー9」〜
「トナー12」においては、NP−122(キヤノン製)
の機械を用い評価しれ。さらに、「トナー13」、
「トナー14」、「比較トナー2」は、導電性鉄粉キ
ヤリア(平均粒径100μm)と混合し、トナー濃度
3%の現像剤とする。次いで、U−Bix V3R(小
西六写真工業社製)の感光体を有機半導体に代
え、さらに、定着装置を圧力定着装置に代えた機
械を用い評価した。
本発明トナーでは、カブリのない鮮明な画像が
得られたが、比較トナー3では、流動性が低いた
め、画質が低下し、カブリが多く、ムラのある画
像となつた。この原因は、比較トナー3では、非
相溶性のジメチルシロキサンを用いているため、
粒子の表面にシロキサンが析出し、粉体の表面特
性を低下させたためであると考えられる。定着性
の評価は次のように行なつた。ベタ黒部(反射濃
度=1.0)の部分を用い、染色物摩擦けんろう度
試験機A−3010(大栄科学精密製作所製)を用い
て、荷重が2Kgになるように調整し、U−Bix
Paper55Kg級(小西六写真工業社製)により5回
摩擦し、反射濃度の変化を百分率で評価した。オ
フセツト性は、20cm四方のベタ黒部を10枚コピー
した時点での定着ローラーへの付着量を測定し、
評価を行なつた。
これらの結果を表−2に示す。[Table] Thus, it can be seen that the toner of the present invention has better powder characteristics than Comparative Toner 3. Next, using the toner of the present invention and the comparative toner,
Developing and fixing were performed, and fixing properties and offset properties were evaluated. "Toner 1" to "Toner 8" and "Comparison Toner 1", "Comparison Toner 3", "Comparison Toner 4"
was evaluated using a U-Bix TEN (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.) fixing machine modified into a pressure fixing machine (20 kg/cm). Also, "Toner 9" ~
For "Toner 12", NP-122 (manufactured by Canon)
Evaluate using this machine. In addition, "Toner 13",
"Toner 14" and "Comparative Toner 2" are mixed with a conductive iron powder carrier (average particle size 100 μm) to form a developer with a toner concentration of 3%. Next, an evaluation was performed using a U-Bix V 3 R (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.) machine in which the photoreceptor was replaced with an organic semiconductor and the fixing device was replaced with a pressure fixing device. With the toner of the present invention, a clear image without fogging was obtained, but with comparative toner 3, the image quality deteriorated due to its low fluidity, resulting in an uneven image with a lot of fogging. This is because Comparative Toner 3 uses incompatible dimethylsiloxane.
This is thought to be because siloxane was precipitated on the surface of the particles and deteriorated the surface characteristics of the powder. The fixability was evaluated as follows. Using the solid black part (reflection density = 1.0), adjust the load to 2 kg using dyed fabric friction strength tester A-3010 (manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Seimitsu Seisakusho), and use U-Bix
It was rubbed 5 times with Paper 55Kg grade (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.), and the change in reflection density was evaluated in percentage. Offset property was determined by measuring the amount of adhesive on the fixing roller after copying 10 sheets of 20cm square solid black area.
We conducted an evaluation. These results are shown in Table-2.
【表】【table】
【表】
このように、本発明は、定着性にすぐれたもの
であることが判る。[Table] Thus, it can be seen that the present invention has excellent fixing properties.
Claims (1)
セル型トナーにおいて、少なくとも前記芯材中に
下記一般式で表されるシリコーン化合物を含有す
ることを特徴とする圧力定着性マイクロカプセル
型トナー。 〔式中、x,yは整数であり、+=5〜
200、Rは炭素数2〜40のアルキル基を表す。〕[Scope of Claims] 1. A pressure fixable microcapsule type toner comprising an outer wall and a core material, characterized in that at least the core material contains a silicone compound represented by the following general formula. mold toner. [In the formula, x and y are integers, +=5~
200, R represents an alkyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms. ]
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59041397A JPS60186871A (en) | 1984-03-06 | 1984-03-06 | Pressure fixable microcapsule type toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59041397A JPS60186871A (en) | 1984-03-06 | 1984-03-06 | Pressure fixable microcapsule type toner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60186871A JPS60186871A (en) | 1985-09-24 |
JPH0310307B2 true JPH0310307B2 (en) | 1991-02-13 |
Family
ID=12607245
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59041397A Granted JPS60186871A (en) | 1984-03-06 | 1984-03-06 | Pressure fixable microcapsule type toner |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60186871A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5104763A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-04-14 | Xerox Corporation | Encapsulated toner compositions |
-
1984
- 1984-03-06 JP JP59041397A patent/JPS60186871A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS60186871A (en) | 1985-09-24 |
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