JPH0299778A - Power generation controller for dam installation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To generate electric power by efficiently utilizing the water in a dam by estimating the time when the dam water level exceeds a prescribed water level during the operation of a power generator with the max. output and setting said estimated time as the dam discharge starting time and displaying the discharge starting time, aimed discharge quantity, and the aimed opening degree for the dam discharge equipment. CONSTITUTION:The inflow of a dam is taken in periodically, and a dam water level inflow quantity detecting means 11 performs check if the max. use flow rate of a power station 20 is exceeded or not. When the inflow rate exceeds the max. use flow rate, a power generator is controlled in the max. output operation, and the time when the dam water level exceeds a prescribed water level is estimated by a dam water level inflow quantity estimating means 12. Said time is set as the dam discharge starting time, and the discharge starting time, aimed discharge quantity, and the aimed opening degree of the dam discharge equipment are displayed on each display device of the display equipment 32 in a dam control station 30. In other words, the power generation station 20 and the dam control station 30 are managed in unitary form, and the ineffective discharge of water is prevented, and the power generator is operated effectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Objective of the Invention 1 (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a dam/power generation control device that controls the discharge of water from a dam and the generator of a power plant attached to the dam.

(Conventional technology) There are two main types of water discharge from a dam: dam discharge, which is performed by the single-displacement of the dam's discharge gate/valve; and the other, which is performed by a power plant attached to the dam. This is the discharge of power generated when operating a generator. Water discharge is managed by the dam control center installed at the dam, and
Power generation discharge is managed by each power plant.

Traditionally, dam management stations and power plants have been responsible for managing the amount of water discharged.
Because they were independently managed without interconnection, there was a possibility that they would be operated without fully understanding both the status of power generation discharge from one power station and the status of discharge from the dam.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) For this reason, there is a lot of water flowing into the dam, and even though it is possible to respond to the increase in water by simply releasing water by operating the generator at its maximum output, it is difficult for the power plant to generate electricity. The machine is not operated at maximum output, and the water that can be used for power generation is discharged from the dam ineffectively, or conversely, water that can be used for power generation is discharged too quickly from the dam in response to rising water, and water that can be used for power generation is discharged ineffectively. According to Zhao, water resources may be wasted and not utilized effectively.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dam/power generation control device that can efficiently use water in a dam to generate power.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dam power generation control device connected to a dam discharge facility and a power generation facility attached to the dam. A means for periodically taking in the inflow amount, determining whether the taken in inflow amount exceeds the maximum water usage amount of the power plant, and when this exceeds the maximum water usage amount, the power generation amount of the generator is maximized. a control means for issuing an operation command as to when the generator is operating at maximum output; a means for predicting the time when the dam water level will exceed a predetermined water level when the generator is operating at maximum output; The system is characterized by a means for broadly displaying the start time, target discharge amount, and target opening degree for the dam discharge equipment.

(Function) First, the amount of inflow into the dam is periodically taken in. 1. It is checked whether the inflow exceeds the maximum usage flow of the power plant. If the inflow exceeds the maximum flow rate, the generator is controlled to operate at maximum output, and the time when the dam water level exceeds a predetermined water level is predicted. The time is set as the dam discharge start time, and the discharge start time, target discharge amount, and target opening degree of the dam discharge equipment are displayed on each display at the dam management office.

(Example) Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a dam/power generation control device according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the dam/power generation control unit ff110 is a dam water level/inflow detection means (hereinafter referred to as detection means) that takes in the dam water level, calculates the amount of water flowing into the dam, the amount of water discharged from the discharge equipment, and the amount of water used for power generation by the generator. 11゜Dam water level/inflow amount prediction means (called ``dam water level/inflow amount prediction means'') that uses time series data of dam water level/inflow amount to predict and calculate the values of dam water level/inflow amount after a certain period of time.
(hereinafter referred to as a prediction means) 12, and a dam discharge/power generation determination means (hereinafter referred to as a prediction means) which determines the timing to start dam discharge in addition to power generation discharge, or conversely the timing to end dam discharge and switch to power generation discharge, based on the prediction calculation result of the dam water level. (hereinafter referred to as determination means)
13, and a generator control means (hereinafter referred to as control means) 14 that outputs control outputs for starting, stopping, and output changes to the generator control device 22 according to a power generation schedule created in advance.
and generator operation schedule setting means (hereinafter referred to as setting means) that creates a power generation schedule for generator control.
15, dam water level/inflow storage means (hereinafter referred to as storage means) 16 that stores dam water level/inflow data for a certain period of time as time-series data, and allocation of discharge equipment to be operated from the determination of the discharge amount. and a discharge equipment opening degree calculation means (hereinafter referred to as opening degree calculation means) 17 that calculates the operation opening degree, and an operation time operation opening degree and discharge amount data for operating the dam discharge equipment, and a discharge equipment target opening operation time. It is composed of a dam management office guidance means (hereinafter referred to as guidance means) 18 that outputs to a display device (hereinafter referred to as display device) 32.

20 is a power plant, which includes a TC slave station 21 and a generator control device 2.
2 and a generator 23. 30 is a dam management office, which includes a TC slave station 31, a discharge equipment target opening degree operation time display device 32, a discharge equipment operation console 33, and a discharge equipment control device 34.
and discharge equipment (gate/pulp) 35.

As shown in Figure 2, the maximum power generation start water level and the dam discharge start water level are determined in advance regarding the dam water level. When the dam water level rises due to an incident such as disembarkation, and the detection means 11 detects that the dam water level exceeds the maximum power generation start water level at the timing (■) as shown in FIG. , instructs to start predicting the dam water level and inflow amount, and also instructs the control means 14 to generate maximum power generation. Control means 14
Prior to the maximum power generation command, the power generation scale was set by the setting means 15 as shown in FIG.
The control signal for the generator is sent via T and C master stations, but when the maximum power generation command is received, the operation according to the power generation schedule is interrupted and the control signal for setting the generator to maximum power generation is sent via the T and C master stations. do. In addition, if the generator is stopped at the time of f & large power generation command, the operation control of the generator will not be carried out, but an alarm will be output to the outside to indicate that maximum power generation is required, and subsequent operation will be controlled by the power plant. Leave it to the operator. After receiving the prediction calculation start instruction from the detection means 11, the prediction means 12 executes prediction calculation at a constant cycle.

An example of prediction calculation by the prediction means 12 is shown in FIG.

The prediction means 12 takes out the time series data of the saved file as shown in FIG. 10 saved by the saving means 16, and calculates the rate of change a1 to a+(arL) of the past data.

And the average value < (81+az+...+an)
/n=ao).

Here, it is assumed that the future predicted value (As, As > changes linearly from the current time value <A4) at a rate of change aH,
(A4 * a H> + A 4 = A 5 ,
Calculated using the formula (As Ma H)+A5=A6. Figure 3 is an example of water level prediction, but similar prediction calculations are made for inflow volume. The calculation results are passed to the determining means 13 as the predicted time, predicted water level, and predicted inflow amount. The determining means 13 checks whether the predicted water level received from the predicting means 12 exceeds the dam discharge start water level. If the water level increases and the predicted water level exceeds the dam discharge start water level as shown in Figure 2 (2), check the "dam discharge start" condition. Take the difference between the predicted inflow amount (9,) and the current amount of water used for power generation (q6), and calculate it as the dam discharge amount (Q6).
l), it is determined that ``dam discharge has started'' under the condition that QH is ' Q u > OJ. The receiver passes the predicted time and the dam discharge amount (Q, . . .) to the opening calculation means 17 under the condition of "dam discharge start". The opening calculation means 17 calculates the amount of QII to be discharged.
In accordance with the order shown in FIG. 6, the allocation of the discharge equipment and the operating opening are calculated, and this is passed to the guidance means 18 along with the dam discharge start time. The guidance means 18 sends the received dam discharge start time, operation target discharge equipment designation, operation opening degree, and dam discharge amount data to a display installation 32 installed in the dam management center 30. Even after the start of water discharge from the dam, the prediction means 12 repeats the prediction calculation and passes the calculation result to the determination means 13. The determination means 13 determines whether or not to continue the discharge from the dam by the water discharge equipment. When continuing the dam discharge, the receiver passes the dam discharge time and the dam discharge amount to the opening calculation means 17. The opening calculation means 17 assigns the discharge equipment to be operated and calculates the opening.
Determine whether discharge equipment operation guidance is required. If discharge equipment operation guidance is required, guidance means 1
8. Discharge membrane f! ! During operation, the receiver passes the target discharge equipment designation, operation opening degree, and dam discharge amount data. The guidance means 18 displays the received predetermined data on the display device 32.
Send to.

If the dam water level is in the decreasing direction and the predicted water level is below the dam discharge start water level, and the inflow is in the decreasing direction, the determining means 13 determines that the dam discharge has ended, the predicted time of the predicted water level is set as the dam discharge end time, and the dam discharge is completed. Discharge IQm3. The receiver is passed to the opening calculation means 17 along with the dam discharge end time as /s. The opening degree calculation means 17 has an operation opening degree of 0 and a dam discharge amount Om3.
The receipt is passed to the guidance means 18 together with the dam discharge end time as /s. The guidance means 18 transmits the received dam discharge end data to the display device 3 of the dam management center 30.
5 The dam water level drops further and becomes below the maximum power generation starting water level.
If the inflow is in the decreasing direction, the detection means 11 determines that the maximum power generation of the generator has ended, and instructs the side control means 14 to end the maximum power generation. The side control means 14 sends a control signal for changing the output to the generator control device 22 in order to return the generator to operation according to the power generation schedule.

The above is an overview of the action.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing of the opening degree calculation means.

In step 6a of FIG. 6, it is first determined to which discharge equipment the two discharge requests (including reduced discharge) are to be assigned. The operation of the dam is determined by the dam operation department and the Ministry of Construction under the ``Dam Operation Regulations''.

The order of operation of the discharge equipment will also be determined in accordance with these "Dam Operation Regulations." Next, in step 6b, the difference between the total discharge amount of the discharge equipment currently discharging water (excluding the discharge equipment assigned as discharge designation this time) and the Qll passed this time is calculated, and the difference discharge amount (QHWK ) to the discharge equipment determined in step 6a, and QHI4 assigned this v1.
Calculate the target opening degree to achieve K. In the next step 6C, the difference between the current opening degree of the discharge equipment determined in Step γPro a and the target opening degree calculated in step 6b is determined. Next, in step 6d, it is compared whether the difference between the current opening degree and the target opening degree obtained in step 6C is greater than or equal to the "minimum operable amount" arbitrarily determined for the discharge equipment. The ``minimum operable amount'' is a value determined not to operate up to a certain amount in order to minimize the mechanical stress when operating the discharge equipment. ``If the minimum operable amount of operation is less than 3, the current discharge operation is not performed and the subsequent processing is terminated.If it is greater than the ``minimum operable amount'', the next step 6e is processed. In step 6e, it is checked whether the currently requested dam discharge (Q□) is possible.

FIG. 11 shows a curve of the maximum increase in discharge amount per unit time. Find the possible discharge amount <Q, , , ) from the curve in Figure 4 using the current discharge amount as a reference. “H.K.
” If the condition is Qll, the current QH is determined as the discharge amount that can be discharged, and the processing in Fig. 6 is terminated.However, if Qll
If lK<QH, the next step 6f is processed. In step 6f, Qll is replaced with the value of QHK in order to suppress the current discharge by QHK. In step 6g, a new Q. Recalculate the target opening to achieve this.

The above is the procedure for assigning the discharge equipment to be operated and calculating the target opening degree by the opening calculation means 17. If the operation target discharge equipment designation and target opening degree are successfully determined, opening degree calculation means 1
7, the guidance means 18 uses the predicted time passed from the prediction means 12 to the determination means 13 as the operation time, and the dam discharge amount, the designation of the discharge equipment to be operated, and the target opening degree.
Pass the uke. Here, the guidance means 18 receives the operation time, the dam discharge amount, the target discharge equipment designation, and the target opening received from the discharge equipment opening calculation means 16, and operates the discharge equipment target opening of the dam management center 30. It is converted into TC transmission information for output to the time display device 32, and transmitted to the TC master station 4.

Note that the discharge equipment target opening degree operation time display device 32 displays the items shown in FIG. Information sent from the guidance means 18 via the TC master station 4 includes operation time, dam discharge amount 7
The target opening will be used, and the actual opening will be displayed directly from the opening of the discharge equipment at the dam management office. In the target opening display, for discharge equipment that is not currently being operated, an indicator rung in front of the target opening is lit to clearly distinguish the discharge equipment that is being operated.

In addition, the discharge equipment target opening degree operation time display device 32 outputs information at the time of receiving the information from the guidance means 18,
Remind dam operators to be careful when operating the discharge equipment. The dam operator confirms the operation time and target opening degree shown in 32 above, and when the operation time is reached, operates the corresponding discharge equipment from the discharge equipment operation console 33.

The above is the operation from the dam water level increase to the start of dam discharge.

During water discharge from the dam, the prediction calculation by the prediction means 12 is repeated in a constant manner. Then, this prediction result is passed to the opening calculation means 17 via the determination means 13. Opening calculation means 17 that receives this
Based on the predicted dam discharge amount, the designation of the discharge equipment to be operated, the target opening degree, and the dam discharge amount are determined by the procedure shown in FIG. 6, and the results are passed to the guidance means 18 along with the operation time. From then on, the procedure is the same as when starting discharge. The procedure during dam discharge is the same for both increased and decreased discharge.

Next, we will discuss the procedure to be followed when the dam inflow decreases, the dam water level drops, and it becomes necessary to end the dam discharge.

When the dam water level decreases and it becomes necessary to end the dam discharge, the determination means 13 determines "dam discharge end" according to the procedure shown in FIG.
Determine. First, in step 7a, it is checked whether the predicted water level is below the dam discharge start water level.

If the predicted water level falls below the dam discharge start water level, the next step 7b checks whether the dam water level is decreasing. Step 7b calculates the rate of change in water level as shown in Figure 3 from the dam water level data over time stored in the saved file shown in Figure 10, and if the average value of the rate of change (a n ) is negative, it decreases. It is judged as the direction. If it is determined that the dam water level is in the decreasing direction, the next step 7C is to compare the predicted inflow received from the prediction means 12 with the current amount of water used for power generation, and check whether the predicted inflow is less than the water used for power generation. Check. If the predicted inflow amount is less than the amount of water used for power generation, it is determined that the dam water level can be lowered by only operating the generator at maximum even after the dam discharge ends, and "dam discharge end" is set in step 7d. The determining means 13 that has determined that "dam discharge has ended" passes the predicted time and dam discharge amount "'Q m3/s" passed from the predicting means 12 to the opening calculation means 17. The opening calculation means 17 receives these, sets the predicted time as the operation time, designates the discharge equipment to be operated, and provides the guidance means 18 with information on the fully closed operation of the discharge equipment with the target opening "o" and the dam discharge amount "Om3./s". Pass the uke.

From then on, the procedure is the same as when starting discharge.

After the discharge from the dam is completed, if the power decreases further and it becomes necessary to end the maximum power generation of the generator, the detection means 11 determines the end of the maximum power generation in accordance with the procedure shown in FIG. First, in step 8a, it is checked whether the current dam water level is below the maximum power generation start water level.

The dam water level is below the maximum power generation start water level (if this is the case, the next step 8b checks whether the dam water level is in the decreasing direction).Step 8b is performed at the dam water level stored in the save file shown in Figure 10. From the series data, the rate of change in water level as shown in Figure 3 is determined, and if the average value (a, ,) of the rate of change is negative, it is determined that the dam is in a decreasing direction.When the dam water level is determined to be in a decreasing direction.

The next step 8C is to compare the inflow amount of the dam with the current amount of water used for power generation, and check whether the inflow amount is less than the amount of water used for power generation. If the inflow amount is less than Mercury used for power generation, in step 8d, "maximum power generation end" is set. When it is determined that “maximum power generation has ended”, the detection means 11
commands the control means 14 to "end maximum power generation" and at the same time commands the prediction means 12 to end prediction calculation. The control means 14 receives the "maximum P, power end" command from the detection means 11, and sends a control signal for output change control from the maximum power generation operation to the power generation schedule shown in FIG. 9 to the generator via the TC master station 4. It is sent to the control device 22. After this control, the control means 14 returns to the operation control of the generator by the power generation system shown in FIG. 9, which has been interrupted since the start of maximum power generation.

The control means 14 thereafter sends control signals for starting, stopping, and changing the output of the generators to the generator control device 22 via the TC master station 4 according to the power generation schedule shown in FIG. control the operation of

The above is a series of operations related to the operation control of the generator and the guidance function for the dam discharge equipment according to the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to centrally manage the power plant and the dam management station, and the ineffectiveness of water that does not generate power due to lack of interconnection between the two in conventional operation can be avoided. This can prevent water discharge.

Effective operation of the generator becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the dam/power generation control device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an example diagram showing the relationship between the maximum power generation start water level and the dam discharge start water level. Figure 3 is an example diagram showing the amount of water level change for water level prediction, Figure 4 is an example diagram of the maximum limit curve for the increment of dam discharge amount, and Figure 5 is an example diagram of the discharge equipment target opening operation time display device. , FIG. 6 is a flowchart 2. showing the processing of the discharge equipment opening degree calculation means. Figure 7 is a flowchart showing the determination process for "dam discharge end", Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the determination process for "maximum power generation end", and Figure 9 is an example of a power generation schedule used to control generator operation. Figure, 1st
Figure 0 is an example of a dam water level/inflow volume storage file that stores time series data of dam water level and inflow volume. 1...Water level gauge 2...Discharge equipment opening gauge 3
... Generator output meter 4...T (4Q station 10...
- Dam/power generation if, IJ# device 11...Dam water level/inflow amount detection means 12...Dam water level/inflow amount prediction means 13...Dam discharge,/power generation determination means 14... Generator control device 15... Generator operation schedule setting means 16...
Dam water level inflow storage means 17...Discharge facility boundary calculation means 18...Dam management office guidance 20...Power plant 21.31...TC
Sengen 22... Generator control device 23... Generator 3
0...Dam management office

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a dam power generation control device that connects the dam's discharge equipment and the power generation equipment attached to the dam, there is a means for periodically taking in the amount of water flowing into the dam, and a means for controlling the amount of water that is taken in to the maximum usage of the power plant. A control means that determines whether the amount of water has exceeded the maximum amount of water used, and issues an operation command to maximize the amount of power generated by the generator when the amount of water exceeds the maximum amount of water used, and a control means that determines whether the dam water level is increased when the generator is operating at maximum output. A means for predicting a time when a predetermined water level will be exceeded, a means for setting this predicted time as a dam discharge start time, and a means for displaying the discharge start time, target discharge amount, and target opening degree for the dam discharge equipment, respectively. A dam/power generation control device featuring: