JPH0297926A - Single lens reflex camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce useless current consumption and also to shorten time required for preparing photographing between respective frames by varying a diaphragm only by as much as the shift quantity concerning the control of the diaphragm in a second and succeeding frames with reference to the diaphragm value of exposure control in a first frame. CONSTITUTION:When the first stage switch of a releasing button is turned on, the diaphragm 530 is opened by a step motor M3. Then, a series of operations of range- finding and photometry are executed. Thereafter, by turning on the second stage switch of the releasing button, light transmitted through a photographic lens is transmitted through an optical element 71 which splits light to a finder optical system and a photographing system in a prescribed ratio so as to perform exposure. In the case of automatic focus shifting photographing, the diaphragm 530 is not returned to the opened state every photographing and a diaphragm blade is moved by as much as the change of the diaphragm value is the second and succeeding frames with reference to the diaphragm value of the exposure control in the first frame, so that not only the useless consumption of power source energy can be avoided but also time lag between the respective frames can be shortened. Then, the change of the exposed state in accordance with the shift of the diaphragm can be visually recognized through the optical element 71 and the finder.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to aperture control for a -eye reflex camera.

[Prior art] In conventional automatic aperture shift photography with a single-lens reflex camera, the aperture of the photographic lens is returned to the open position after each photograph, and a predetermined shift amount control aperture value is set for each photographic frame relative to the control aperture value of the first frame. The aperture was then re-controlled by the addition and the photograph was taken. This is because the aperture drive of conventional single-lens reflex cameras is
Generally, the diaphragm of the photographic lens is charged to open with a spring and held in a locked state, and upon release, the diaphragm is released and controlled to a predetermined aperture. Therefore, it was not possible to arbitrarily control opening or closing of the lens aperture. Also, during normal continuous shooting, even if the control aperture value for the second and subsequent frames is the same as the control aperture value for the first frame, the aperture is first returned to open and then controlled again to the same aperture value as the first frame. was. Therefore, it takes time to return the aperture of the photographic lens to its open aperture and time to control it to a predetermined aperture value, which means that the frame rate of continuous shooting cannot be increased during continuous shooting, and energy is required to charge and control the aperture. As a result, power was wasted.

In single-lens reflex cameras that require miniaturization,
In particular, AF cameras require a considerable amount of power to operate the AF function, which is extremely inconvenient. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[Objects and Features of the Invention] The present invention is for photographing by shifting the control aperture value from the second frame onward by a predetermined number of aperture steps with respect to the exposure control aperture value for the first frame. To provide a single-lens reflex camera capable of reducing wasteful current consumption and shortening the time required for photographing preparation between each frame by varying only the amount of shift.

[Example] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings. Note that this embodiment shows a case where the present invention is applied to a single-lens reflex camera.

FIG. 1 shows an explanation of the arrangement of each unit in a single-lens reflex camera, and 10 indicates a camera body. A detachable photographic lens 20 is attached to the camera body 10. 12 is the release button, 14 is the rewind button, 3
0 indicates a battery placed at the bottom of the camera body. Of course, the battery 30 is placed in the camera body 1 so that it can be easily removed when replacing the battery.
0 has a structure that allows it to be easily taken out from the battery storage chamber by removing a member corresponding to the battery cover. Ml is a first motor, and this first motor M1
serves as a driving source for charging the front plate and shutter system, driving the submirror, and driving the film rewinding system. 100
shows the mirror box drive mechanism as a front plate system, and 20
0 indicates a film rewind drive mechanism. 400 is a film winding drive mechanism, and M2 is a second motor, which serves as a drive source for the film winding drive system 400.

FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of each component disassembled into units.

Next, the configuration and operation of each unit will be explained based on FIG. 2 and the configuration diagram of each unit.

First, the outline of each unit will be explained based on FIG. 2.

In the figure, 40 is a camera body, and although detailed illustration is omitted, the entire body is made of plastic mold. However, parts such as the area of the aperture 41 that particularly require precision and strength are formed by metal insert molding. 42
Reference numerals a to 42d indicate mounting holes for fixing a mirror box 60, which will be described later, with screws, 43 indicates a spool chamber, and 44 indicates a cartridge chamber. Reference numeral 50 indicates a film cartridge around which a film 52 is wound, 54 indicates a film perforation, and 56 indicates a portion of a film leader. Reference numeral 60 denotes a mirror box, and holes 61a to 61d are formed at positions corresponding to the holes 42a to 42d for mounting the camera body 40, and holes 61a to 61d are formed for both mountings by aligning holes 42a to 42d and 61a to 61d. By screwing the mirror box 60 into the camera body 40,
It is firmly fixed against the Reference numeral 71 denotes a fixed mirror covered with a thin film, which divides the light transmitted through the lens at a predetermined ratio to a finder optical system (not shown) and a photographing system that exposes the film 52 via the shutter unit 300 and aperture 41. The vapor deposition process is performed as follows.

80 is a camera side mount screwed to the mirror box 60, and bayonet claws 81a to 8 are used for bayonet connection with the lens side mount (not shown) of the photographing lens 20.
1c is formed.

100 indicates the entire mirror box drive mechanism,
This mechanism is entirely arranged in the mirror box 60. Reference numeral 200 indicates the entire film rewind drive mechanism, a part of which is disposed in the mirror box 60, and the other part is disposed in the camera body 4.
It is arranged on the 0 side. Ml is both the above mechanisms 100°20
A first motor serving as a driving source for the mirror 0 is shown, and is fixed to the mirror box 60. 300 shows the entire shutter unit, and the shutter base plate 301 has a mirror box 60.
For installation, use holes 301a and 30
1b is formed. Therefore, this shutter unit 300 is mounted through the hole 301a.

301b is attached to the corresponding hole 6 of the mirror box 60.
By screwing together with 2a and 62b, it is firmly fixed to the mirror box 60. Reference numeral 400 indicates the entire film winding drive mechanism, and although it is not shown in detail in FIG. 2, the entire film winding drive mechanism is made into a unit and is incorporated into the spool chamber 43 of the camera body 40.

Next, the 41'4 configuration of the mirror box drive mechanism 100 will be explained in detail using the above-mentioned FIG. 2 and FIGS. 3 to 5.

101 is a main plate fixed to one side of the mirror box 60 (the right side in FIG. 2);
rotatably supports all of the rotating gears of the mirror box drive mechanism 100. 102 is an output gear of the first motor M1, 103 is a reduction gear that meshes with the output gear 102, 104 is a sun gear that meshes with the reduction gear 103, 105
is a planetary gear that meshes with the sun gear 104. The sun gear 104 and the planetary gear 105 are connected by a planetary lever 112, and the planetary gear 105 is configured to perform planetary motion depending on the rotational direction of the sun gear 104. Specifically, the planetary gear 105 is frictionally coupled to a planetary shaft 110 as a central shaft by a coil spring 111. In addition, a receiver 13 loosely fitted to the boss 114 of the main plate 101 serving as the central axis of the sun gear 104 and the planetary shaft 1
10 are connected by the planetary lever 112. Therefore, as understood from the operation diagram of FIG. 5(a), when the sun gear 104 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the in gear 10
5 first revolves counterclockwise due to the friction of the coil spring 111 and meshes with the transmission gear 106. Then, when the planetary gear 105 and the transmission gear 106 mesh, the driving force overcomes the friction of the coil spring 111 (
The planetary gear 105 slips and rotates on the planetary shaft 110), the planetary gear 105 rotates (clockwise rotation), and transmits the rotation of the first motor M1 to the transmission gear 106.

Conversely, as can be understood from the operation diagram in FIG. 5(b), when the sun gear 104 rotates clockwise, the planetary gears 105 first revolve clockwise, and the winding as a rewinding transmission system, which will be described later, occurs. The return gear 201 moves around the hebos 114 as the center of revolution, and meshes with the return gear 201. Then, when the planet gear 105 and the rewind gear 201 are engaged, the planet gear 105 rotates and the rewind gear 201 is connected to the first motor M.
1 rotation is transmitted.

The transmission gear 106 that rotates counterclockwise serves as the driving force mlJ of the mirror box drive system. 107 is transmission gear 1
06 is a transmission shaft fixed to one end, and a worm gear 108 is fixed to the other end. Movement of the transmission shaft 107 in the thrust direction is restricted by bearing portions 115 of the base plate 101 disposed at both thrust direction positions of the ohm gear 108 .

120 is a sub-mirror drive gear that meshes with the worm gear 108 and rotates clockwise; a sub-mirror drive cam 121 is formed on the front side, and a position detection brush (made of a conductive material) is on the back side. 122 is fixed.

Note that this mirror drive gear 120 is connected to the boss 1 of the base plate 101.
It is rotatably supported by 16. put it here,
The mirror drive cam 121 includes a rising cam surface 121a for driving a mirror drive lever 130 (described later) counterclockwise, a flat cam surface 121b for maintaining the rotational position (mirror down state) of the drive lever 130, and a flat cam surface 121b for maintaining the rotational position (mirror down state) of the drive lever 130. Downward cam surface 1 that allows clockwise rotation of the drive lever 130
21C is formed.

130 is a sub-mirror drive lever consisting of two lever bodies fixed in an abbreviated shape, and is connected to the boss 117 of the main plate 101.
is rotatably supported by the sub mirror drive cam 1.
It serves as a cam follower for 21. That is,
This sub-mirror drive lever 130 receives rotational drive in the counterclockwise direction by slidingly contacting the rising cam surface 121a of the mirror driving cam 121 with one end 131, and receiving rotational drive in the counterclockwise direction by slidingly contacting the flat cam surface 121b. Maintain the clockwise rotational state and make sliding contact with the downward cam surface 121C (even if they do not actually make sliding contact, it is sufficient as long as the one end portion 131 and the downward cam surface 121c correspond in position). This allows clockwise rotation (return).

The other end 13 of this sub-mirror drive lever 130
2 is controlled according to the rotational position of each cam surface of the submirror drive cam 121 described above to push the mirror bin 74 (described later) to move the submirror 70 down (rotation to the exposure retreat position). , the mirror bin 74 is continued to be pushed to maintain the mirror down state, and the mirror bin 74 is released from the push to allow the mirror to move up (rotation return to the AF distance measurement position).

140 is a shutter charge gear that meshes with the mirror drive gear 120 and rotates counterclockwise, and a shutter charge cam 141 is integrally formed on the front side.

Note that this shutter charge gear 140 performs one-to-one transmission (reduction ratio 1.0) with the mirror drive gear 120, and is rotatably supported by the boss 11B of the base plate 101. Here, the shutter charge cam 141 has an upward cam surface 141a for driving a shutter charge lever 150, which will be described later, counterclockwise, and a rotational position (charged state) of the shutter charge lever 150.
flat cam surface 141b and the charge lever 1 for maintaining
Downward cam surface 141c that allows clockwise rotation of 50
is formed.

A shutter charge lever 150 is formed in an abbreviated shape, is rotatably supported by a boss 119 of the base plate 101, and serves as a cam follower of the shutter charge cam 141. That is, the roller 153 supported at one end of the shutter charge lever 150 receives rotational drive in the counterclockwise direction when it comes into contact with the ascending cam surface 141a of the shutter cam 141, and comes into contact with the flat cam surface 141b. As a result, the rotation state in the counterclockwise direction is maintained, and when the roller 151 reaches the phase of the downward cam surface 141c, the rotation in the clockwise direction is permitted. And shutter charge lever 150
The roller 152 supported at the other end pushes one end 305a of the seesaw lever 305 in the shutter unit 300, which will be described later, by being controlled according to the rotational position of each cam surface of the shutter charge cam 141 described above. do,
The shutter unit 300 will be described later in order to maintain the charging operation by continuing to charge the shutter and pushing the seesaw lever 305. The lever 305 can be mechanically held in both traveling preparation positions), and the seesaw lever 305 can be returned to its original state by releasing the pushing force of the seesaw lever 305 (the front curtain of the shutter can be held mechanically).
The mechanical holding of both trailing curtains at the travel preparation position is released, and shutter travel is then made possible by controlling the energization of the control electromagnet.

Note that, as can be easily understood by comparing and referring to both FIG. 3(a) and FIG. 3(b), the mirror-down drive phase of the sub-mirror drive lever 130 by the sub-mirror drive cam 121 and the shutter charge cam 14
The charging drive phase of the seesaw lever 305 described above is completely shifted from that according to No. 1. That is, Fig. 3 (a
), when the seesaw lever 305 is charged and pushed by the shutter charge cam 141, the mirror drive cam 121 does not push the submirror drive lever 130, and the movable mirror 70 is in the up state (AF distance measurement). position)
becomes. As shown in FIG. 3(b), the mirror drive cam 1
When the mirror drive lever 130 is pushed to bring the movable mirror 70 down (exposure retreat position) at step 21, the shutter charge cam 141 does not push the seesaw lever 305, and the shutter unit 300 is released from charging. Release the mechanical retention of the shutter leading and trailing curtains at the travel preparation position.

160 is a signal board, which is fixed to the base plate 101 with screws. There are three position detection patterns on this signal board 160, namely ground patterns 161. Operation end detection pattern 162 and overrun detection pattern 1
63 is formed by vapor deposition or the like. Each pattern 1
61 to 163 and the brush 122 fixed to the back surface of the sub mirror drive gear +20 are shown in FIG.
This will be explained using b).

Here, the sliding portion 122a of this brush 122 is divided into comb-teeth shapes to improve the safety of contact with each of the patterns 161 to 163 on the signal board 160. Note that the actual sliding position, that is, the contact point in this sliding portion 122a is at a position +22b on the line slightly inside the tip of the brush.

FIG. 4(a) shows the phase in which the completion of shutter charging is detected, which corresponds to FIG. 3(a) above, and shows the phase when the brush 1
22 rotates clockwise as shown by the arrow in response to the clockwise rotation of the mirror drive gear 120, and in the state shown in FIG. 162, and the potential of the connector portion (land portion) 162a of the detection pattern 162 changes to the ground level, thereby detecting completion of shutter charging. To explain this detection in more detail, the connector part (land part) +61a of the ground pattern +61 is supplied with a ground level signal from the camera control circuit, which will be described later.
The output of the connector section 162a of 62 is connected to the camera control circuit (
It is supplied to a human-powered boat (PI l). The brush 122 is in the position of the hand shown in FIG. 4(a) (this can be understood by replacing the brush 122 with the position shown in FIG. 4(a) by rotating it in the counterclockwise direction). ), the sliding portion 122a of the brush 122 is in contact only with the ground detection pattern 161, and this detection pattern 162 has not yet changed to the ground level. From here, the mirror drive gear 120 further rotates clockwise,
At the same time, the brush 122 also rotates clockwise, and as shown in FIG.
), the brush 122 (power outage material) also comes into contact with the operation end detection pattern 162,
The potential of the operation end detection pattern 162 is the same as that of the brush 12.
2, the camera control circuit detects the completion state of shutter charging and controls the rotation of the first motor M1 to stop. Note that the position of the brush 122 in FIG. 4(a) described above and FIG.
The position of the brush 122 in Fig. 4(a) is different from that in Fig. 4(a).
Stop control (braking) is performed on the first motor M1 at the position, but the first motor M1 cannot be stopped instantaneously, resulting in a slight overrun.
Figure (a) shows the stop position of the first motor M1 in a state where the overrun has occurred. However, Fig. 3(a)
For the sake of explanation, the stopping position of the sub-mirror drive gear 120 (brush 122) is shown when the above-mentioned overrun is calculated to be the maximum, and in reality, the sub-mirror drive gear 120 is stopped at a slightly smaller amount of overrun. can be stopped. Furthermore, as is clear from Fig. 3(a),
The shutter charge cam 141 is connected to the first motor Ml.
A flat cam surface 141b is formed to continue the shutter charging completion state in order to cope with the overrun.

On the other hand, FIG. 4(b) shows the phase in which mirror-down completion is detected, which corresponds to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4(a), the sliding part 122 is rotated clockwise from the state shown in FIG.
a is the ground pattern 161 and the operation end detection pattern 1
62 is switched from contact to non-contact of the detection pattern 162, and the potential of the connector portion (land portion) 162a of the detection pattern 162 changes from the ground level to the initial level (
Completion of mirror down is detected by changing to (normally H level). To explain this detection in more detail, the brush 122 is at a position just before the state shown in FIG. 4(b) (brush 1
22 to a position rotated counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. The output of the connector portion 162a of the operation end detection pattern 162 is still in contact with both of them, and is still supplying a ground level signal to the camera control circuit. From here, the sub-mirror drive gear 120 further rotates clockwise, and at the same time, the brush 122 also rotates clockwise and reaches the position shown in FIG. , and the above operation end detection pattern 16 is executed.
2 changes from the ground level to the initial level, the camera control circuit detects that the mirror down is completed, and
The rotational drive of the first rotor M1 is controlled to stop. Note that the position of the brush 122 in FIG. 4(b) described above is different from the position of the brush 122 in FIG. 3(b) described above.
The first motor M1 is controlled to stop (braking) at the position shown in Figure (b), but the first motor M1 cannot be stopped instantly and a slight overrun occurs. FIG. 3(b) shows the stop position of the first motor M1 in a state where the overrun has occurred. However, for the sake of explanation, the stop position of the mirror drive gear 120 (brush 122) in FIG. The mirror drive gear 120 can be stopped upon overrun. As is clear from FIG. 3(b), a flat cam 121b is formed on the mirror drive cam 121° to maintain the mirror-up completed state, assuming an overrun of the first motor M1. The overrun is being dealt with. Now, to give a more comprehensive explanation of the relationship between the shutter charge and the mirror down mentioned above, first of all, the important thing is all the operations, that is, the shutter charge, the mirror down, and the release of the shutter charge and the permission of the mirror up. are performed by rotating the first motor M1 in the same direction. That is, as the first motor M1 rotates counterclockwise (the output gear 102 rotates counterclockwise) as shown in FIG. 5(a), the planetary gear 105 rotates counterclockwise and meshes with the transmission gear 106. All operations are performed in this state. The rotational force of the first motor Ml rotates the sub-mirror drive gear 120 clockwise, and the shutter charge gear 1
Rotate 40 counterclockwise. Furthermore, when the sub-mirror drive cam 121 in the mirror drive gear 120 is in a position that allows the mirror to move up (FIG. 3(a)),
The position where the shutter charge cam 141 in the shutter charge gear 140 performs shutter charging (third
The sub mirror drive cam 121 is shown in FIG.
When the shutter charge cam 141 is at the position where the mirror is lowered (FIG. 3(b)), the shutter charge cam 141 is at the position where the shutter charge is released (FIG. 3(b)). Then, the above-mentioned operation is repeated by the counterclockwise rotation of the first motor M1.
Due to the sliding contact between the brush 122 and each of the patterns 161 to 163, the shutter stops once when shutter charging is completed (FIG. 3(a)), and then rotates in the same direction again when the camera control circuit detects a release operation. Then, when the mirror down is completed (Fig. 3 (b)), it stops again, and then, when the camera control circuit detects the completion of shutter travel, it rotates in the same direction again, and the next shutter charge is completed (Fig. 3 (b)). At the time of FIG. 3(a), the sea fence is repeated, stopping once again. The overrun detection pattern 162 is for detecting that the overrun during the stop operation of the first motor M1 has reached a predetermined value or more. Overrun detection pattern 1 at the time of completion of shirt charge in (a)
63 changes from the initial level to the grand level, or if the detection pattern 163 changes from the ground level to the initial level at the completion of the mirror up in FIG. 4(b), the overrun exceeds a predetermined level. Detect what has happened.

Next, the structure of the sub-mirror 70 rotatably supported by the mirror box 60 will be explained.

The sub-mirror 70 is made up of a support plate 72 fixed to it, and rotation shafts 73 are formed on both ends of the support plate 72, and the sub-mirror driving plate 75 is rotatably supported by the rotation shafts 73. .

A mirror pin 74 is formed on one side of the sub-mirror drive plate 75, so that the mirror pin 74 and the mirror drive lever 130 can engage with each other. The support plate 72 is always biased clockwise (mirror-up direction) by a spring 76 (see FIG. 16), and the mirror drive lever 130 is in the mirror-up permission state (see FIG. 3). a)), the submirror 70
is rotated clockwise by the biasing force of the spring 76 and returns to the mirror-up (AF distance measurement position) state. The sub-mirror drive plate 75 is also constantly biased counterclockwise by a spring 77, and when the mirror drive lever 30 is in the mirror-up permission state, the sub-mirror drive plate 75
is rotated counterclockwise by the biasing force of the spring 77 and returns to the mirror-up state.

Next, the structure of the shutter unit 300 assembled to the mirror box 60 will be explained based on FIGS. 786(a) and (b).

Incidentally, the shutter unit 300 alone in this embodiment has already been filed as Utility Model Application No. 1983-39629.

FIG. 6(a) shows a state in which the shutter charge is completed, and FIG. 6(b) shows a state in which both shutter curtains are running after the shutter charge is released.

In these figures, 301 is a shutter base plate forming the support frame, and 301a is an exposure aperture thereof.

Reference numeral 302 designates a charge lever within the shutter unit 300 for charging the blade drive levers (hereinafter simply referred to as drive levers) 303 and 304, which constitute shutter drive means. The rear drive lever 303 is for driving the rear blade group 351, and the rear drive lever 303 is for driving the rear blade group 351.
The leading blade drive lever 04 is for driving the leading blade group 352.

Reference numeral 305 is a seesaw lever for charging up the shutter unit, and the pivot shaft 3 is attached to the shutter base plate 301.
When the roller 152 of the shutter charge lever 150 of the shutter charge mechanism shown in FIG. is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 6(b), and the foot 3 of the charge lever 302 is rotated through the link lever 306 connected thereto.
02c is provided to rotate clockwise in the figure, and charging is completed by transitioning from the state shown in FIG. 6(b) to the state shown in FIG. 6(a).

Reference numerals 307 and 308 denote a front tension lever and a rear tension lever that prevent rotation of the light drive lever 304 and the rear drive lever 303 charged by the charge lever 302 until a shutter run signal is issued from the camera control circuit, which will be described later. 321 and 322 hold the rear blade group 351 as parallel links, and each rotates l1qk 326 .

The rear blade traveling arm rotates around 327 to move the rear blade group 351, and 323 and 324 rotate around the leading blade groups 328 and 329 to move the leading blade group 35.
This is an arm for running the leading blade.

In this embodiment, in addition to the above configuration, a pair of light shielding blades 341 and 342 are linked to the rotation of the seesaw lever 305 for charging up from the retracted position shown in FIG. 6(b). It has a light shielding device configured to be moved upward to the light shielding position shown in FIG. 6(a).

In the light shielding device in this example, two L-shaped light shielding blades 341 and 342 are moved upward and downward by engaging the bottle with the shutter base plate 301 at the rising part of the L shape. The L-shaped legs 341a, 3
42a is connected to the seesaw lever 305 via shafts 331 and 332, respectively, so that linked movements of upward movement and downward movement are provided.

In the guide mechanism, the guide bin 371 attached to the shutter base plate 301 has an L-shaped upright portion 341c of the light-shielding blades 341°342.

A long groove 341 formed in 342c and extending generally in the vertical direction
b, 342b.

With the above configuration, the light-shielding blades 341 and 342 are moved upwardly in FIGS. 6(b) to 6(a) by rotating the seesaw lever 305 in the counterclockwise direction as shown in FIG. When the seesaw lever 305 rotates clockwise, the downward movement from FIG. 6(a) to FIG. 6(b) is performed.
Moreover, each light shielding blade 341, 342 and seesaw lever 30
5 and the rotating shafts 331 and 332 by a certain amount, the upward and downward movement strokes are made to be different, and the accommodation volume is reduced due to overlap at the retracted position, and the light shielding position Due to the widening of the deviation, it is possible to cover a light-shielding area over a predetermined range. In addition, 3
Reference numeral 60 denotes a spring member that always biases the seesaw lever 305 in a clockwise direction (charge release direction).

A release configuration is shown in FIG. This tension release structure itself is based on the structure previously filed by the present applicant and published in Saletail Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 17936/1988 <7) +;rl structure.

In the figure, reference numeral 307 is a board for the tension release configuration, which supports the tension release configuration by electromagnetic control. Note that this substrate 370 is assembled to the shutter base plate 301 shown in FIG. 6 above.

380.386 are the armature levers for the leading blades I
The yoke 382.38134 is an armature lever for the rear blade and is attached to the board 370.
J: is rotatably supported by rlh381.387, and clockwise 1 by springs 384.390.
It is biased counterclockwise. 385 and 391 are board 3
70, each armature lever 380,
This is a stopper bin that restricts the initial rotation position of 386. One end 380a of the armature lever 380 comes into contact with the pin 307a of the tip tension lever 307 at a position rotated a predetermined distance counterclockwise from the initial rotation position shown in FIG. 7, and can release the tension. . Further, one end 386a of the armature lever 386 comes into contact with the pin 308a of the rear tension lever 308 to release the tension at a position rotated a predetermined distance clockwise from the initial rotation position shown in FIG. It is possible. 383 and 389 are coils,
By energizing the armature lever 380.38
6 are suction-rotated against springs 384 and 394, respectively.

In the figure, 370a is in the shutter charging state (
In FIG. 6(a), pin 3 of the tip tensioning lever 307
07a is the notch that comes into contact. Although omitted in Fig. 6 due to the complexity of the illustration, the front tensioning lever 3
07 is biased counterclockwise by a weak spring, and is set so that the bin 307a comes into contact with the inner edge of the notch 370a. In addition, in the figure, 370b indicates the rear tension lever 3 in the shutter charging state (FIG. 6(a)).
This is the notch portion that the 08 bottle 308a comes into contact with. In addition,
Although omitted in FIG. 6 to avoid complication, the rear tension lever 308 is biased clockwise by a weak spring, and is set so that the pin 308a comes into contact with the inner edge of the notch 370b. There is. In addition, in Figure 2, 3
92 is a cover that serves as dustproof and electromagnetic shield.

The operation of the above-mentioned shutter unit will now be described.

When the camera completes a series of photographing operations and the shutter completes its travel, the camera enters the state shown in FIG. 6(b).

Next, a charging operation is immediately performed in preparation for a photographing operation.

This charging operation is provided by rotating the shutter charging lever 150 in the counterclockwise direction shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In this charging operation, an operating force is applied in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure from the roller 152 of the shutter charge lever 150 to the tip 305a of the seesaw lever 305, and the shaft 305b at the other end of the seesaw lever 305 and the charge lever 30
A rotational movement C (clockwise direction in the diagram) is imparted to the charge lever 302 via a link lever 306 engaged with a shaft 302c grafted onto the charge lever 302.

The operation of the above-mentioned shutter unit will now be described.

When the camera completes a series of photographing operations and the shutter completes its travel, the camera enters the state shown in FIG. 6(b).

Next, a charging operation is immediately performed in preparation for a photographing operation.

This charging operation is provided by rotating the shutter charging lever 150 in the counterclockwise direction as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

In this charging operation, an actuation force indicated by the arrow shown in the figure is applied from the roller 152 of the shutter charge lever 150 to the tip 305a of the seesaw lever 305, and the shaft 305b at the other end of the seesaw lever 305 and the sleeve 302C implanted in the charge lever 302 are via the link lever 306 engaged with the
Rotational movement to the charge lever 302 (clockwise direction in the figure)
give.

As the charge lever 302 rotates, the foot portions 302a and 302b of the charge lever are respectively connected to the drive lever 3.
03.304 comes into contact with the roller portions 303a, 304a, giving rotational motion to the drive lever 303.304.

When the drive levers 303 and 304 rotate, rotational motion is applied to the trailing blade traveling arm and the leading blade traveling arm 321 and 323, which are engaged with the respective shafts 303b and 304b through the holes 321a and 323a. Linked hind wings? ! 1
351 and the leading blade group 352 are moved upward in the drawing.

As the charging progresses in this way, the drive lever 303.30
4 protrusions 303c and 304c are connected to the tension lever 307.
．． When the shutter reaches a position where it can engage with the tip of the shutter 308, the shutter charging ends and the state shown in FIG. 6(a) is reached, in which it waits for the next release operation.

Here, in the process of charging the seesaw lever 305, the rotating shaft 331.33 on the seesaw lever 305
2. Shading blades 341 rotatably attached to each
The light shielding blade 342 is moved upward in the figure. At this time, since the light-shielding blades 341 and 342 are engaged with the guide bin 371 through their respective long guide grooves 341b and 342b, their posture is regulated by the guide bin 371, and they remain almost horizontal in the figure. Move upward in the middle and move to the position shown in Fig. 6 (a) in the charging completed state,
The lower part of the exposure opening 301a of the shutter base plate 301 is covered.

Charging is completed in this state (FIG. 6(a)), and the camera waits in this state until the next release operation is performed.

Next, the release operation will be explained.

When the release button 12 is pressed, the mirror-down operation described in FIG. 3 is performed, and at the same time the shutter charge lever 150 is moved from the position shown in FIG.
Evacuate to the position shown in Figure (b). Next seesaw lever 3
05 is rotated clockwise in the figure by a spring member 360, and the seesaw lever 30 is rotated by a link lever 306.
The charge lever 302 linked to the charge lever 302 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction, and the charge lever 302 linked to the charge lever 302 is rotated counterclockwise, and the
The state will be as shown in figure (b).

As the seesaw lever 305 rotates, the rotation shaft 3
The light shielding blades 341 and 342 rotatably attached to the seesaw lever 305 by 31 and 332 are connected to the guide bin 3 by the respective guide long grooves 341b and 342b.
71, and is operated while maintaining a nearly horizontal state in the figure, moves from the state of FIG. 6(a) to the state of FIG. 6(b), and retreats outside the exposure aperture 301a of the shutter base plate 301. do.

The camera control circuit detects that the above operation is completed and the mirror down is completed (in the state shown in FIG. 4(b), the ?JE position of the mirror down detection pattern 162 changes from the ground level to the initial level). (detection), the camera control circuit first energizes the coil 383 shown in FIG. . Then, due to the suction rotation of the armature lever 380, the one end 390a pushes the bottle 307a, and the end tensioning lever 307 rotates clockwise and is disengaged from the protrusion 304C. rotates clockwise,
The leading blade traveling arm 323 also rotates in the same direction, causing the leading blade group 352 to travel (downward in the figure) and start exposure. Then, at a predetermined shutter speed, the camera control circuit energizes the coil 389 shown in FIG. . Then, by the suction rotation of the armature lever 386, the one end 386a or the bottle 308a is pushed, and the rear tensioning lever 30
8 rotates clockwise and disengages from the projection 303C, the rear drive lever 303 rotates in the clockwise direction, the rear blade traveling arm 321 also rotates in the same direction, and the rear blade group 351 The exposure is completed by causing the light to travel (downward in the figure).

The description so far has been about the mirror box drive mechanism 100 and the shutter unit 300 that are built into the mirror box 60.

Next, based on FIG. 8, the electric diaphragm mechanism 500 configured within the #rtL shadow lens 20 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In the figure, M3 is a third motor, which is fixed to a fixed cylinder (not shown). 510 is a ring-shaped fixed ring, and a plurality of holes 512 are formed at equal intervals on the circumference with the optical axis 0 as the center. Reference numeral 520 denotes a ring-shaped aperture drive ring, which is rotatably supported and has a plurality of cam holes (elongated shape) 522 radially arranged at equal intervals on the circumference.
is formed.

Reference numeral 530 denotes an aperture blade, which is disposed between the fixed ring 510 and the aperture drive ring 520, and the bottles 532 and 534 implanted on both sides of the blade are inserted into the holes 512 of the fixed ring 510, respectively.
and is inserted into the cam hole 522 of the aperture drive ring 520.

540 is a gear cylinder, which is rotatably supported, and
It is fixed to the aperture drive ring 520. A toothed portion 542 is formed on the circumferential surface of this gear cylinder 540, and this toothed portion 542 meshes with the output gear 502 fixed to the output shaft 504 of the third motor M3.

Next, to explain the operation, the gear barrel 540 rotates clockwise due to the counterclockwise rotation of the third motor M3.
Correspondingly, the aperture drive ring 520 also rotates clockwise.
The aperture blade 530 is driven clockwise (counterclockwise) by sliding with the cam hole 522. In other words, the diaphragm is driven from an open position to a closed position.

On the other hand, the gear barrel 540 rotates counterclockwise due to the clockwise rotation of the third motor M3, and the aperture drive ring 520 also rotates counterclockwise accordingly, causing the aperture blade 530 to engage with the cam hole 522. It is driven in the opening direction (clockwise) by sliding. That is, the diaphragm is driven from the closed state to the open direction.

Next, an example of a circuit configuration for controlling each of the above-mentioned mechanisms will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 14 is a central sectional view of the single-lens reflex camera of this embodiment, showing the up position (AF distance measurement position) of the submirror as the second optical element. 40 is the camera body, 4
Rail surface 41 that controls the position of pressure plate 6 and film 52
a.

41b at the top and bottom. Reference numeral 63 denotes a structure integrally formed with the mirror box, in which a pentaprism 47e of the finder optical system, a focusing screen 48c, a spring 48b that urges the screen 48c upward, and a focusing plate unit 48 having a frame 48a are located. regulate. 55 is a tripod screw fixed to the camera body 40. 45 is a back cover for keeping the film 52 light-tight. 4
6a and 46b are pressure plate springs that bias the pressure plate 46 against the rail surfaces 41a and 41b. 49 is eyepiece lens 49
A is a fixed eyepiece frame.

90 is a photometric lens that guides light to a photometric sensor 91;
It is fixed to a photometric sensor holder 92 together with a photometric sensor 91 in an appropriate positional relationship. Reference numeral 93 denotes an upper cover that protects the upper part of the camera, and a strobe shoe 94 is fixedly attached thereto.

94a is a known synchronization contact; 94b is a signal contact that transmits various signals between the camera and the strobe to the strobe;
Although only one is shown, in reality there are multiple. 95 is
The pentaprism 47 is a prism for viewfinder display arranged below, and is arranged so that the display contents of a display element 96 for displaying finder information are displayed below the viewfinder field of view when looking through the eyepiece frame 49.

97 is a contact point for communicating information between the camera and lens and supplying power from the camera to the lens side, and is biased toward the lens side by a spring 98 (only one is shown, but there are actually multiple contacts) . Reference numeral 64a denotes fixed bins fixed to the mirror box 60, and a pair is formed on the left and right sides. Reference numeral 71a denotes a semi-transparent fixed mirror frame body, on which a thin film semi-transparent mirror 71b serving as a light splitting element is stretched, forming a first optical element 71. The first optical element 71 divides the light transmitted through the optical systems 22a to 22f of the photographic lens into the finder optical system (pentaprism side) and the photographing system (film side) at a predetermined ratio (for example, 60:40). A vapor deposition process has been carried out.

65 is a presser frame body having a spring 66 for biasing the first optical element 71 to a predetermined position;
A bin 67 fixedly attached to the shaft is swingably supported on a rotating shaft. 68 is a mirror 45 degree adjustment screw for adjusting the first optical element 71 at approximately 45 degrees with respect to the lens optical axis.

Numeral 69 is a fixing screw for biasing and fixing the first optical element 71 with the holding frame 65. 161 guides the light guided by the second optical element 70 to the AF sensor unit 162
This is a lens for F sensor. 163 is a TT that measures the light reflected from the strobe by the film 52 during strobe photography.
This is a strobe light control lens that guides light to the L light control sensor 164. Reference numeral 64c denotes a fixed bin fixed to the mirror box 60, and the sub-mirror drive plate 75 is regulated in a predetermined position by the counterclockwise biasing force of the sub-mirror drive plate return spring 77. 64b is also a fixed bin fixed to the mirror box 60, and is driven by the biasing force of the submirror biasing spring 76 that acts between the submirror fixing plate 72 and the submirror driving plate 75 and always biases the submirror fixing plate 72 clockwise. 2
The optical element 70 is regulated at a predetermined position during AF distance measurement.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a total reflection mirror for AF ranging, which is a second optical element and is fixed to a receiving plate 72. Also, the receiving plate 72 is connected to the shaft 72a.
It is pivotably supported by the sub-mirror driving plate 75 so as to be swingable.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a known AF-eye reflex interchangeable lens, which naturally has an AF-manual switching mechanism between transmission members 23 and 24 for switching between AF and manual focus by external operation. It also has an electrical switch linked to the AF-manual switching mechanism. Reference numeral 25 is a contact point on the lens side for a contact point on the camera side 97 for communicating information between the camera and the lens and for supplying power from the camera to the lens side.Although only one is shown here, there are actually a plurality of contacts. Reference numeral 26 denotes a bearing for smoothly rotating the lens support 54 on which the optical systems 22a to 22f are fixed relative to the transmission member 23. The transmission member 23 is a helicoid member having a helicoid 23a, and transmits the output of the motor M4 to a pinion gear 24°, a deceleration mechanism (not shown), and an AF-
Transmitted via a manual switching mechanism. M3 is the 10th
A step motor, which is an actuator of the electric aperture mechanism shown in the figure, drives and controls the aperture blades 530.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the aperture control state of the second optical element and the lens when the AF ranging state shown in FIG. 14 shifts to the shooting preparation state.

Next, the operations shown in FIGS. 14 to 15 will be explained. In the state shown in Figure 14, the first stroke of the release button causes the
The out-of-focus amount is calculated by a known AF calculation circuit based on the output of the F sensor 162, and the AF is determined based on the calculation result.
A drive signal is applied to motor M4 to focus. Further, control values for the shutter and the aperture are determined by a known photometric circuit according to the output of the photometric sensor 91. When the photometry calculation is completed, the motor M1 shown in FIG.
The second optical element 70 is rotated to the left by a cam (not shown) provided therein, and the second optical element 70 moves downward and retreats from the photographing optical path. Motor M
After 15 [ff1S] have elapsed after the energization in step 1, the stepping motor M3 is energized, and the aperture blades 530 are narrowed down to the aperture value based on the photometric value. When the motor M1 rotates by a predetermined angle, the power supply to the motor M1 is stopped, and the second switch is turned on (release signal) by the second stroke of the release button. When the second switch is input from this state, the shutter immediately shifts to the running state.Therefore, the time required for the shutter front curtain to start opening from the manual force of the second switch (release time lag) is the shutter magnet. The delay and the number of times [a+S] required for the processing of the electric control circuit are sufficient.The reason for delaying the energization to the stepping motor M3 by 15 [mS] after energizing the motor M1 is due to the rush current of the motor Ml and the stepping motor. This is to prevent stepping motor M3 from stepping out due to overlapping energization of M3.

FIG. 9 shows a specific example of an electric circuit in which a microcomputer COM is used to control the operation of a camera embodying the present invention.

The light-receiving element spc receives reflected light from the subject and outputs a light-receiving signal to a high-impedance operational amplifier OPI whose feedback circuit is connected to a compression diode D1. The operational amplifier OPI outputs logarithmically compressed object brightness information By via the resistor R1. A variable resistor VRI connected to a constant voltage source VGI outputs film sensitivity information Sv. An operational amplifier OP2 whose feedback circuit is connected to a resistor R2 calculates and outputs photometric information Ev=(sv+sv). The photometric information Ev is converted into a 4-bit digital value by the A/D converter ADC, and is input to input ports PGO to PG3 of the microcomputer COM.

When the dial 5 is operated, a number corresponding to the number of clicks is counted by the dial interface circuit DIF,
The value is converted into 4-bit information and input to the input ports PHO to PH3 of the microcomputer COM.

The information in the dial interface circuit DIF is transmitted as a pulse signal to the output port PE3 of the microcomputer COM.
Reset by using more human power. Depending on which mode is selected by an exposure mode selection knob (not shown), two exposure mode switches 5w5EL are turned on and off.
2-bit information corresponding to the selected exposure mode is input to input ports PPO to PPI of the microcomputer COM.

When the battery BAT is loaded into the camera, the power supply V ba is applied to the microcomputer COM, LCD display circuit, LCD display, dial interface circuit DIF, etc.
t is supplied. Furthermore, when the first stroke switch swl connected to the input port PAo is turned on by the first stroke of the release button 12 in FIG. 1, the potential of the output port PF becomes high level, so that the inverter INV
The transistor TRbat is turned on by the resistor R3, and the voltage from the power supply Vbat is supplied as the power supply Vcc to the photometric operational amplifiers OPI and OP2, which consume power in equal proportions.

Microcomputer COM human-powered boat PAI~11
includes a second stroke switch sw2 that is turned on by the second stroke of the release button 12, a submirror up switch swMRDN that is turned on when the submirror is down and turned off when the submirror is up, and a charge completion detection switch that is turned on when mechanical charging is completed. switch swCGE
, a film switch swFLM that is turned on each time the feeding of one frame of film is completed, a trailing curtain switch 5wCN2 that is turned on when the trailing curtain has completed running, and a self-switch 5w5ELF that is turned on when a self-timer is set by an operation lever (not shown). , a switch s that is turned on when, for example, the quick-shot mode is selected by a quick-shot or single-shot selection lever (not shown), and turned off when the single-shot mode is selected.
wcs, not shown, aperture value setting switch swM in manual exposure mode, auto bracketing switch s not shown
wA B R, Do you want to perform automatic distance measurement in one shot?
The selection switch swAFM determines whether to use the servo, the aperture value determined by metering, the selection switch swAEL determines whether to lock the shutter speed, and the depth of field of the screen you want to photograph is determined in advance in order to check it with the viewfinder. A filtering switch swPRE is connected respectively.

The bases of transistors TRI-TR2 are connected to the output boats PEI-PE2 via resistors R1-12, and the transistors TRI-TR2 are connected to a leading curtain magnet MGI for running the leading curtain and a trailing curtain magnet MG2 for running the trailing curtain.
control the energization of each. Also output boats PD, P
Transistors TR3 and C are connected to each other via resistors R13 to R14.
The transistor TR3 controls the driving of the mirror drive, charging and rewinding motor M1, and the transistor TR4 controls the driving of the winding motor M2.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a ranging light receiving circuit having a pair of line sensors 7a and 7b, which together with the AF sensor drive circuit 6 constitutes an automatic ranging (AF) system.

The AF sensor drive circuit 6 is a microcomputer COM.
According to the human-powered signals STR and CK, the control signal 01
．． 02, CL, and SH to drive the light receiving circuit 7. The light receiving circuit 7 outputs image information 5SNS to the microcomputer COM in accordance with the control signal.

8 is a lens communication circuit, and a microcomputer CO
While the control signal LCOM from M is being input manually, data input via the data bus DBUS is accepted, and serial communication with the lens control circuit 9 is performed based on the data. Lens drive data DCL is transmitted to the lens control circuit in synchronization with the clock signal LCK, and at the same time, lens information DLC is serially input.

BSY is a signal to notify the camera side that a focusing lens (not shown) is moving, and when this signal is generated, the serial communication is not performed. Through this serial communication, the lens control circuit 9 performs lens distance ring drive aperture control.

l is an LCD display circuit, and microcomputer CO
While the control signal LCDC0M from M is being input manually, data input manually via the data bus DBUS is accepted, and various data are displayed on the LCD display 2 based on the data.

The LCD display 2 is a liquid crystal display that shows the shutter speed (
Tv value), aperture value (Av value), quick shooting or single shooting, A
Displays whether F is one-shot mode or servo mode.

The image of the subject passes through the optical systems 22a to 22f of the photographing lens and the first optical element 71, is reflected by the second optical element 70, passes through the AF sensor lens 161, and is measured in the AF sensor unit 162. Distance light receiving circuit 7, line sensor 7a
.

Reach 7b. When the aperture is stopped by the aperture blades 530, the amount of light received by each element of the line sensor changes due to vignetting of the optical path. It is necessary to use an aperture that does not cause vignetting.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the operation of a camera embodying the present invention.

When a battery BAT is loaded into the camera and a power supply V bat is generated, the microcomputer COM starts operating.

[Step l] If only the first stroke of the release button 12 is performed by the photographer, and an on signal of the first stroke switch swl is manually inputted to the input boat PAO,
Proceed to step 2.

If it cannot be done manually, proceed to step 11.

[Step 2] A 1" signal is output from the output port PF, and the transistor TRbat is turned on to supply power Vcc to each part. Next, a photometry timer is started. The photometry timer is manually operated by the OFF signal of the first stroke switch swl. This is to keep the power supply Vcc continuously supplied for a predetermined period of time from
Even if you take your hand off, you can check the photometry status for a predetermined period of time, and you can change the setting information while looking at the display using an exposure mode selection knob (not shown). Note that this configuration is based on the microcomputer C0M1. This can be easily done using the built-in hardware timer.

[Step 2.5] Since it is not known what state the aperture is in when the battery is installed, it is necessary to open the aperture before performing the distance measurement operation. DBU
Data for opening the aperture is sent to the lens communication circuit 8 via S, and the lens communication circuit 8 sends the data to the lens control circuit 9 via serial communication. The lens control circuit 9 energizes the step motor M3 to control the aperture blades and open them. Thereafter, in response to communication from the microcomputer COM, the lens control circuit 9 stops energizing the step motor M3.

[Step 3] The details of a series of ranging operations and communication with a lens for driving a lens distance ring based on the ranging operations will be explained.

When the STR signal is output from the output boat to the AF sensor drive circuit 6, the AF sensor drive circuit 6 sequentially outputs signals of 01.02, CL, and SH in synchronization with the CK scratch signal, and the image signal is accumulated in the light receiving circuit 7. and read out. The read image signals are sequentially input to the input port from the 5SNS in synchronization with the CK flaw signal. The microcomputer COM calculates the amount of defocus from the data.

While the LCOM is being output from the output port, the lens communication circuit 8 receives data on the amount of lens drive based on the amount of defocus via the DBUS. The lens communication circuit 8 sends data to the lens control circuit 9 through serial communication to cause the lens distance ring drive to be performed.

[Step 4] Photometry, display, and other sequences will be explained using FIG. 11.

Stage: 1 In steps 101 to 106, auto bracketing processing is performed.

[Step 101] Auto bracket switch swA
BR is determined. If auto bracketing is selected, the process proceeds to step 102; if not, the process proceeds to step 106.

[Step 102] It is determined whether the contents of the register RGTM indicate the valve mode. Register R
GTM stores shutter speed data, which is stored in steps 109 and the like. When in valve mode, go to step 106.

[Step 103] A flag FABR indicating that auto bracketing mode has been set is set to 1.

[Step 104] Here, the information reading routine accompanying the dial operation will be explained with reference to FIG. 12.

"Information Reading Routine" [Step 201] The information input manually to the input ports PHo to PH3 is stored in the dial register RGH.

At this time, the register RGH stores a numerical value corresponding to the number of clicks on the dial 5 and information as to whether the numerical value is positive or negative depending on the direction of rotation of the dial 5. That is, 4-bit information indicating how many steps to shift up or down from the current information is stored.

[Step 202] Output the pulse signal of the output boat PE3. As a result, the value of the dial interface circuit DIF is reset to O.

[Step 203] Return to the original step. in this case,
In step 80, for example, by dialing 5, 0.5
If the stage number information is set, r-0,5,0,
If the number of steps is 0, 5, or 1 is set, the preset auto bracketing will take 3 shots with the exposure automatically changed in steps of ``-, 0, l.'' It will be. In addition, the above “−〇.

Shooting with a step number of 5.0.0.5 means an exposure value that is -0° 5 steps under the standard exposure value calculated by calculation, a standard exposure value, or an exposure value that is 5 stops below the standard exposure value calculated by calculation. 0.5
This means that photography is performed continuously using three levels of exposure values, including one level overexposure value.

[Step 105] Bracket stage number register RGB
Add the contents of R and the contents of the dial, and register RG again.
Store it in BR. As mentioned above, the minimum resolution by one click of the dial 5 can be set freely in increments of 0.5 steps or in increments of 1 step. If the resolution is different from the resolution of the shutter speed and aperture value, it is sufficient to insert a program that multiplies the contents of the register RGBR by an integer, and since this is not relevant to the present invention, a detailed explanation will be omitted here.

[Step! 06] When auto bracketing is not selected, reset flag FABR to 0.

Stage: 2 In steps 107 to 115, Tv is set by dial operation.
Set the value (shutter speed) and Av value (aperture value).

[Step 107] Based on the human power state of the human power boat PP01PP1, it is determined whether the shutter priority mode is set. If the shutter priority mode is currently set, the process advances to step 108.

[Step 108] Similar to step 104, the information reading routine associated with the operation of the dial 5 is executed.

[Step 109] The numerical value set by the dial operation (the contents of the register RGH) and the shutter information (the contents of the register RGTv) are added, and the result is stored again in the shutter information register RGTv. Further, the contents of the shutter information register RGTv are stored in the register RGTM.

[Step 110] It is determined whether a code indicating a valve mode located next to the longest second of the shutter speed is stored in the register RGTM. If it is determined that the valve mode is not currently in effect, the process proceeds to Stage: 3 (step 116).

Next, a case will be described in which the valve mode is set by operating the dial 5 after the auto bracket mode is set.

Bracketing during bulb photography is basically meaningless, so it is more effective to disable auto bracketing mode. Therefore, if it is determined in step 110 that the mode is the valve mode, the process proceeds to step 111.

[Step 111] The auto bracketing mode flag FABR is reset to 0.

Further, if it is assumed that the aperture priority mode has been set, the process proceeds to step 107→step 112→step 113.

[Step 113] Here, as in step 104, an information reading routine associated with the operation of the dial 5 is executed.

[Step 114] The numerical value set by the dial operation (the contents of register RGH) and the aperture value information (the contents of register RGH) are
GAv contents) and register R for aperture information again.
Store it in GAv.

If it is assumed that the manual exposure mode is set, the process proceeds to step 107→step 112→step 115.

[Step 115] It is determined whether the aperture value setting switch swM is on or off. In manual exposure mode, the aperture value can be changed by operating the aperture value setting switch swM and dial operation, and the shutter speed can be changed by operating only the dial.
Therefore, when the switch swM is on, the routine proceeds to the same routine as in the aperture priority mode (step 113), and when it is off, the routine proceeds to the same routine as in the shutter priority mode (step 108). Proceed to execution.

Stage: 3 Steps 116-128 include photometry and Set the Tv value and Av value.

[Step 116] The photometric information Ev converted into a 4-bit digital value by the A/D converter ADC is stored in the internal register RGEv.

[Step 117] Based on the input states of the input ports ppo and PPI, it is determined whether the shutter priority mode is set. If the shutter priority mode is currently set, the process advances to step 5.

[Step 118] Subtract the contents of the shutter information register RGTv, which stores information set by operating the dial 5, from the contents of the register RGEv, and store the result (aperture information Av) in the aperture information register RGAv. let It is assumed that the contents of all registers in the microcomputer C0M are held while the battery BAT is loaded. Further, when the battery BAT is loaded for the first time, a frequently used value, for example, information of 17125 seconds is initially set.

[Step 119] The contents of the register RGBR storing the auto bracketing exposure step number information are stored in the aperture bracketing step number register RGBA. Also, the contents of the shutter bracket stage number register RGBT are set to zero (0). Proceed to step 124.

If it is assumed that the aperture priority mode has been set, the process proceeds to step 117 -> step 120 -> step 121.

[Step 121] The contents of the register RGAv, which stores the information set by the operation of the dial 5 and the aperture value setting switch swM, are subtracted from the contents of the register RGEv, and the result is stored in the shutter information register RG.
Store it on TV. Note that when the battery BAT is loaded for the first time, a frequently used value, for example, information such as F5.6 is initially set.

[Step 122] The contents of the bracket stage number register RGBR, which stores the exposure stage number information of auto bracketing, are stored in the shutter bracket stage number register RGBT. Also, the contents of the aperture bracket stage number register RGBA are set to zero.

Thereafter, the process proceeds to step 124.

If it is assumed that the manual exposure mode is set, the process proceeds to step 117→step 120→step 123.

[Step 123] Register RGTM that stores the shutter speed information set by operating the dial 5.
The contents of are stored in the shutter information register RGTv. This is because when auto-bracketing shooting is set in manual exposure mode, the contents of register RGTv change every time a shot is taken, so the information set by operating dial 5 is stored as is. Details will be explained later. do.

From then on, the same sequence as in the aperture priority mode is followed.

[Step 124] The state of a flag FABR indicating whether auto bracketing mode is set is determined. Assuming that auto bracket mode is not set now, Stage: 4
Proceed to (step 129).

Next, exposure calculation in auto bracketing mode will be explained. In case of shutter priority mode, step 119
As described in step 122, the contents of the bracket stage number register RGBH are stored in the aperture bracket stage number register RGBA, and in the case of shutter priority mode and manual exposure mode, as described in step 122, the contents are stored in the shutter bracket stage number register RGBT. I'm letting you do it. In step 124, the auto bracketing mode is set and the flag F is set.
Since ABR is set to 1, the process advances to step 125.

[Step 125] Bracket stage number register RGB
It is determined whether the contents of R are flat or not.

If the content is zero, photography will be performed three times with the same exposure (standard exposure in the embodiment), which is meaningless, so it is necessary to prohibit auto-bracket photography. Therefore, in this case, the process advances to step 126.

[Step 126] The flag FABR indicating auto bracket mode is reset to O.

Next, by proceeding to Stage 4 (step 129), a normal routine is executed without performing auto-bracketing exposure calculation.

In step 125, if the contents of the bracket stage number register RGBR are not zero, it is necessary to perform an exposure calculation using the stage number information, so the process proceeds to step 127.

[Step 127] It is determined whether the first stroke switch swl is turned on. If it is turned on, the process advances to step 128.

[Step 128] The contents of the aperture information register RGAv and the contents of the aperture bracket stage number register RGBA are added and stored in the register RGAv again. Further, the contents of the shutter information register RGTv and the contents of the shutter bracket stage number register RGBT are added, and the result is stored in the register RGTv again. This means that the aperture information calculated in the shutter priority mode and the shutter speed information calculated in the aperture priority mode are changed in accordance with the number of autobracket stages. In other words, if the autobracketing step number is set so as not to be a negative number at step 105, the value after the calculation at step 128 will be an exposure value on the underside of the standard exposure value. In addition, in manual exposure mode, since step 122 similar to that in aperture priority mode is passed, the shutter speed is changed,
Auto-bracketing photography with a constant depth of field and changing only the exposure becomes possible.

Further, in step 127, the first stroke switch s
If it is determined that wl is off, the photometry timer is in operation, so the exposure calculation in step 128 is not performed, and the standard exposure value is displayed in step 129. Even in this case, since the first stroke of the release button 12 is always performed when photographing, step 128 is always passed, and therefore there is no problem in auto-bracket photographing.

In this way, in auto bracketing mode, if the first stroke switch swl is turned on, the exposure value with auto bracketing applied, that is, the underexposure value in this example, is displayed, and the metering timer is activated. The standard exposure value will be displayed inside. This allows the photographer to easily recognize the exposure value of auto bracketing.

Stage: 4 [Step 129] Shutter speed information (RGT
v register value), aperture value information (RGAv register value), auto bracket stage number information, etc. are displayed on the LCD display 2.

When LCDC0M is output from the output port, DBUS
The data is sent to the LCD display circuit 1 via the LCD display circuit 1, which is driven to display a predetermined value on the LCD display 2.

[Step 130] Return to the original step.

[Step 5] AF mode switch sw
It is determined whether the AFM is in one-shot mode or servo mode. In the one-shot mode, once the first stroke switch swl is turned on and distance measurement is performed, the AF is locked and no autofocus operation is performed until the switch swl is turned off. Therefore, proceed to step 6.

[Step 6] Register R that stores aperture value information
Based on the value of GAv, aperture value information is sent to the lens communication circuit 8, and the lens communication circuit 8 sends aperture value information to the lens control circuit 9 through serial communication. The lens control circuit 9 energizes the step motor M3 to drive and control the aperture based on the sent data. After that, microcomputer C
In response to the communication from OM, the lens control circuit 9 stops energizing the step motor M3. However, due to friction and other forces, the aperture blades 530 do not move while maintaining the controlled aperture.

[Step 7] The second stroke operation of the release button 12 is performed, and it is determined whether or not the on signal of the second stroke switch sw2 is input to the input port FAI. It is assumed that the on signal of the younger two-stroke switch sw2 has not been input, and the process proceeds to step 8. Here, if the ON signal of the first stroke switch swl is manually applied to the human-powered boat PAO, the process returns to step 4.

[Step 8] The on signal of swl is input to the port PA
If O is input, the process advances to step 9.

[Step 9] Reset the photometry timer and start it again. The photometry timer must be set to the first stroke switch.
It is made to work for a predetermined time after wl is turned off.

[Step 22] The switch swAEL is determined, and if the AE is locked, the process goes to step 7, and if it is not the AE lock, the process goes to step 4.

While the switch l remains on, turn on the second stroke switch sw.
If the ON signal of step 2 is not received, and the AE lock is activated, step 7 → step 8 → step 9 → step 22 →
The loop of step 7 continues, and during this time, no changes are made to the photometric value, and the aperture remains fixed. If it is not an AE rotor, as long as it is the AF mode switch or one-shot mode, step 4 → step 5 → step 6 →
Step 7 → Step 8 → Step 9 → Step 22 →
The loop continues in step 4, and during this time changes to the metering value, auto bracketing switch, and exposure mode switch are accepted, and data such as shutter speed and aperture value are changed, and the aperture is also changed accordingly. The aperture is controlled by

If the ON signal of the first stroke switch sw+ does not come during this loop, the process proceeds from step 8 to step 121.

Now, when the AF mode is one-shot and the on signal of the switch sw2 is input manually following the on signal of the switch swl, the process proceeds from step 7 to step 13, and an exposure operation is performed.

[Step 13] It is determined whether the on signal of the self-switch 5ELF is manually applied to the human-powered boat PA6. If the ON signal is manually input, it is the 1st shadow by the self-timer, so the process goes to step 14; otherwise, the process goes to step +5.

[Step 14: Count 10 seconds using the self-timer.

[Step 15 The release feeding sequence will be explained using FIG. 13.

The output port PD is set to "1", the transistor TR3 is turned on, and the motor M1 is driven.

As a result, the submirror 70 goes down.

[Step 302] It is determined whether or not an on signal of the switch swMRDOWN for detecting the completion of submirror down is manually applied to the input boat PA2. Here, this loop is repeated until the on signal is input manually, that is, until the submirror is completely down, and when it is completely down, the process proceeds to step 303.

[Step 303] Shutter information register RGTv
Since the content of is an apex value, it is converted (decompressed) into real-time data.

[Step 304] A pulse signal is output from the output boat PEI, and the transistor TRI is turned on to energize the shutter leading curtain magnet MCI. This causes the shutter front curtain to run.

[Step 305] It is determined whether the contents of the register RGTM indicate the valve mode. If the valve mode is set, the process proceeds to step 306; otherwise, the process proceeds to step 307.

[Step 306] Second stroke switch s w
Since this is the valve mode, it is necessary to keep the shutter open while the on signal of the second stroke switch sw2 is manually input.

[Step 307] Since it is not the valve mode, a real time count is performed based on the data calculated in step 303, and the calculated shutter time is measured.

[Step 308] When the real time count ends, a pulse signal is output from the output boat PE2, and the transistor TR2 is turned on to energize the shutter trailing curtain magnet MG2. This causes the shutter trailing curtain to run.

[Step 309] It is determined whether the ON signal of the shutter trailing curtain switch 5wCN2 is input to the human-powered boat PA5. Here, this loop is repeated until ON No. 48 is manually operated, that is, until the movement of the rear shutter curtain is completed, and when the loop is completed, the process proceeds to step 310.

[Step 310] The output of the output boat PD is set to 1'', the transistor TR3 is turned on, and the motor M1 for raising the sub-mirror and charging the shutter is further rotated.

[Step 311] Start a timer for film feeding. Further, the output of the output boat PC is set to 1'', the transistor TR4 is turned on, and the film winding motor M2 is rotated.

[Step 312] If the on signal of the charging completion detection switch swCGE is not manually applied to the input boat PA3, that is, if charging is not completed, step 3 is performed.
The process proceeds to step 14, and when charging is completed, the process proceeds to step 313.

[Step 313] Since charging is completed, the output of the output boat PD is set to 0'' and the power to the motor M1 is cut off.

Return to step 16 in FIG.

[Step 16] It is determined whether the auto bracket mode is set or not based on the state of the flag FABR.

If it is not the auto bracket mode, proceed to step 20; if so, proceed to step 17.

[Step 17] It is determined whether auto bracket photography has been performed three times. As described above, auto bracket photography is photography that is performed continuously at three levels of exposure values: underexposure and overstandard exposure, so if the three i-shadows are not completed, the process advances to step 18.

[Step 18] The contents of the aperture bracket step register GRBA are subtracted from the contents of the aperture information register RGAv, and the result is stored in the register RGAv again.

Further, the contents of the shutter bracket stage number register GRBT are subtracted from the contents of the shutter bracket stage information register RGTv, and the result is stored in the register RGTv again. Similar to step 128 in FIG. 11, the same program can be used for shutter priority, aperture priority, and manual exposure modes.
B.A.

This is because the contents of RGBT have been changed. It is clear from this arithmetic expression (subtraction formula) that the second shooting will result in standard exposure, and the third shooting will result in overexposure.

Also, LCD display circuit! data on the shutter speed and aperture value are displayed on the LCD display 2.

[Step 19] In auto bracketing mode with shutter priority, the Av value changes after three shots, and aperture control is performed here.

New aperture value data is sent to the lens control circuit 9 via the lens communication circuit 8. The lens control circuit 9 energizes the stepping motor M3 without returning the aperture to its open state,
Control the aperture.

After that, the power supply is stopped. Furthermore, even in auto bracket photography other than shutter priority photography, the same Av value data as before is sent to the lens control circuit 9, but at that time the aperture is held as is.

The program then jumps to step 15. That is, regardless of whether the second stroke switch sw2 is on or off (regardless of whether a release signal is generated or not), the next photographing starts. Furthermore, even if the next shooting is in self-mode, the self-timer is not executed for the second and third shots and the next shooting is started.

When three shots are taken in the auto bracket mode, the process advances from step 17 to step 19.5.

[Step 19.5] Aperture information register RGAv
From the contents of the aperture bracket step register GRBA
The contents twice as large as 1 are added and stored in the register RGAv again. Also, double the contents of the shutter bracket stage number register GRBT are added from the contents of the shutter bracket time information register RGTv, and the register RG
Store it on TV. Then, as in step 18, the LCD
The register RGAv% is displayed on display 2.
RGTv stores data immediately before auto bracket photography starts.

Thereafter, the process advances to step 20, and the same sequence as when one shooting is completed when the auto bracketing mode is not set is performed.

[Step 20] Based on the on/off state of the switch 5wC5 input to the human-powered boat PA7, it is determined whether the mode is a quick shooting mode or a single shooting mode. In snapshot mode,
Moreover, if the AF is not locked, return to step 4 and
As long as the stroke switch sw2 is on, photography is performed continuously while changing the photometry value and each switch. However, since it is in AF one-shot mode, distance measurement is not performed unless the first stroke switch swl is pressed for the first time, AF is locked, and the aperture is only controlled in step 6 (in auto bracket mode, step 19), when the aperture value is changed without returning the aperture to its open state during continuous shooting, control is performed by moving the aperture blades by the amount of change.

If AE lock is activated in snapshot mode, return to step 7.
As long as sw2 is on, the aperture is fixed and continuous shooting is performed without changing the photometric value or any of the switches.

Further, in the case of single shooting mode, the process advances to step 21.

[Step 21] Wait for the OFF signal of the first stroke switch swl to be manually input. Since the camera is in single-shot mode, the next shooting sequence will not proceed unless the photographer stops the suppressing operation of the release button 12. When the off signal is manually input, the process proceeds to step 10.

[Step 10] Return the aperture to open (Step 2.5
), then return to the start.

Next, the operation when AF is in servo mode will be explained.

When the AF is in the servo mode and an on signal is input to the second stroke switch sw2 following an on signal to the first stroke switch sw+, the process proceeds from step 23 to step 26, where a series of exposure operations are performed.

[Steps 26-27] Similar to steps 13-14,
Performs processing during self-timer shooting.

[Step 28] In the same operation as Step 6, the servo motor performs aperture control after the ON signal of the second stroke switch sw2 is input.

[Step 29] Perform the release and feeding sequence in the same manner as in step 15.

[Steps 30 to 34] Processing in the auto bracketing mode is performed in the same manner as steps 16 to 19.5. During the first to third shooting in the auto bracket mode, no distance measuring operation is performed, and the AF is the same as in the one shot mode.

After three shots have been taken in the auto bracket mode, the process proceeds from step 34, and when one shot has been taken when not in the auto bracket mode, the process goes from step 30 to the same step 35.

[Step 35] As in step 10, open the aperture.

[Step 36] Similar to step 20, it is determined whether the mode is continuous shooting mode or single shooting mode. If the mode is the quick shooting mode, the process returns to step 2.5, and if the mode is the single shooting mode, the process goes to step 37. When in AF servo mode and snapshot mode, be sure to perform distance measurement, lens distance ring drive, etc. immediately before each shooting, and continue to perform exposure operation as long as second stroke switch sw2 is on. . - Open the aperture every time you take one shot (or three shots in auto bracket mode) to ensure accurate distance measurement.

[Step 37] As in step 21, since it is single shot mode, wait for the swl off signal. When the off signal is turned off manually, it returns to the start.

If the predetermined time has not elapsed since swl was turned off, the photometry timer is in operation and the process proceeds from step 1 to step 11 to step 12 to step 12.1. Also, when swl is turned off in one shot mode, proceed from step 8 → step 12.1, and swl is turned off in servo mode.
Even when l is on and SW2 is off, step 23→12.
Proceed with 1.

[Step 11] It is determined whether the photometry timer is in operation.

[Step 12] Same as step 4, photometry, display,
Perform other actions.

[Step 12.11 Based on the state of the human-powered boat PA12, it is determined whether or not swPRE is pressed. If swPRE is pressed, proceed to step 12.2.

[Step 12-2] Reset and start the photometry timer. (Same as step 9) [Step 12
．． 3] Data is sent from the microcomputer COM to the lens control circuit 9 via the lens communication circuit 8, and the lens control circuit 9 energizes the step motor M3 to control the aperture. Up to this point, it is the same as step 6, but after this ,
The microcomputer COM does not send a communication to stop the energization of the step motor M3, and then proceeds to step 4. If swPRE is not pressed, step 12. Proceed as l → 12.4.

[Step 12.4] Open the aperture.

(Similar to Step 2.5) As a result, when swPRE is pressed, the aperture is controlled while the stepping motor M3 is always energized, and when swPRE is returned, the aperture is also returned to the open state.

[Other Embodiments] In the present embodiment, the aperture is always returned to the open state during quick shooting in the AF servo mode, but it may be returned to an extent that does not affect the distance measurement operation. In the flowchart of FIG. 2, step.

It is only necessary to change the control of the aperture openings in step 2.5 and step 35 to apertures that can be used for distance measurement.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention controls the aperture by varying only the amount of shift of the aperture during automatic aperture shift photography, which not only avoids wasteful consumption of power supply energy but also allows each frame to The time lag between can be shortened. Further, by using a semi-transparent fixed mirror, a single-lens reflex camera can be provided in which the change in exposure state according to the aperture shift can be visually confirmed through the finder.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of each component of an electrically driven camera as an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts of each structure shown in FIG. 3(a) and 3(b) are explanatory views of the operation of the mirror box drive mechanism and film rewind drive mechanism shown in FIG. 2. FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) are operation explanatory diagrams of only the phase detection configuration shown in FIG. 3. FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are operation explanatory diagrams of the transmission switching configuration in FIG. 3. FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are operation explanatory diagrams showing the main part configuration of the shutter unit. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the travel control mechanism of the shutter configuration of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the aperture drive configuration within the photographic lens. FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram for controlling the operation of each mechanism. FIG. 1O is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the circuit of FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the operations of photometry, display, and sea fence. FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining the information reading operation. FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining the release and feeding sea fence. Figure 14 shows that the first optical element and the second optical element are in AF mode.
A central sectional view when in the ranging state. FIG. 15 is a central sectional view when the first optical element, the second optical element, and the electric diaphragm mechanism are in a photographing preparation state.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a single-lens reflex camera that has means for photographing by shifting the control aperture value for the second frame and thereafter by a predetermined number of aperture steps with respect to the exposure control aperture value for the first frame, the aperture control for the second frame and thereafter is as follows: A single-lens reflex camera characterized by being provided with an aperture control means for shifting and controlling the aperture by a predetermined aperture shift amount. (2) A claim characterized by providing an optical element that splits the light transmitted through the photographing lens into the finder optical system and the photographing system at a predetermined ratio, and exposing the light with the light transmitted through the optical element during exposure. The single-lens reflex camera described in item (1).