JPH029079B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH029079B2
JPH029079B2 JP58126259A JP12625983A JPH029079B2 JP H029079 B2 JPH029079 B2 JP H029079B2 JP 58126259 A JP58126259 A JP 58126259A JP 12625983 A JP12625983 A JP 12625983A JP H029079 B2 JPH029079 B2 JP H029079B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
parts
weight
oil
composition
mineral spirits
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58126259A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS5978295A (ja
Inventor
Harorudo Raito Jon
Herubaato Sumisu Junia Arufuretsudo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of JPS5978295A publication Critical patent/JPS5978295A/ja
Publication of JPH029079B2 publication Critical patent/JPH029079B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/50—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing silicon
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
    • C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/56—Acids of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M129/58—Naphthenic acids
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    • C10M155/02—Monomer containing silicon
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C10M2207/1225—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic used as thickening agent
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    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は保護潤滑剤組成物に関する。さらに具
体的には、本発明は、移動表面間の摩擦を減らす
だけでなく、密着している表面間によく浸透し、
移行もしくは分解することなく被潤滑表面に留ま
り、しかも表面を腐食から保護する組成物に関す
る。 発明の背景 最近40年間に、機械部品間の摩擦およよび摩耗
を減らす潤滑油としての石油留分の性能を向上さ
せたり石油留分にとつてかわるものとして、非常
に数多くの油添加剤や合成潤滑油が開発されてき
た。酸化防止剤、銹止め添加剤、摩耗防止剤、お
よび清浄剤のような添加剤を用いて石油系潤滑油
の性能を向上させたり、その使用範囲を広げたり
している。 例えば、酸化防止剤は普通、硫黄、窒素、燐を
含む有機化合物あるいはアルキルフエノールであ
り、これらはヒドロペルオキシドの生成を妨た
げ、これによりスラツジ、ワニスおよび有機酸が
潤滑油中に出現するのを遅らせ、潤滑油の寿命を
のばす。清浄剤は、自由粒子に吸着しそれら粒子
を溶液中に保つことにより油不溶性化合物が被潤
滑表面に高温で付着するのを防止する作用をな
す。 合成潤滑油は、従来の潤滑油で潤滑しても効果
がないか経済的でない環境用に開発された。例え
ば、シリコーン油は、ほとんどの石油系潤滑油が
焼失または分解してしまう高温で、特に有効であ
ることが確かめられている。他方、合成潤滑油は
特有の欠点をもつている。例えばシリコーン油
は、鋼と鋼とがこすれる環境では潤滑性に劣るこ
とが多く、潤滑油作用において潤滑性が然程重要
な因子でない歯車やころ軸受にもつとも有用であ
つた。 近年、石油の入手が容易でなくなつたことか
ら、石油留分の量を少なくした潤滑油を工夫した
り、多目的能を有する合成潤滑油を開発すること
への関心が高まつている。このような関心は、多
数の新しい商業的潤滑油の開発に集中したが、高
浸透性および高潤滑性を有するとともに低移行性
（マイグレーシヨン）および耐食性を有する万能
潤滑剤はまだ見出されていない。 発明の要旨 本発明者らは、シール油、金属、例えばリチウ
ム、ナトリウム、アルミニウム、カルシウム、バ
リウムなどの脂肪酸石けん、ミネラルスピリツ
ト、およびナフテン酸金属塩よりなる潤滑剤組成
物が上述した性質すべてを独特な優れた組合せで
発揮することを見出した。さらに、この組成物の
性能は、成分量および他の添加剤を適切に選択す
ることによつて、種々の潤滑用途に応じて変える
ことができる。 従つて、本発明の目的は、耐食性を有する潤滑
剤組成物を提供することにある。 本発明の他の目的は、良好な浸透性を有する
が、使用中に被潤滑表面から流れ去ることのない
潤滑剤組成物を提供することにある。 本発明の別の目的は、非石油系材料を大きな割
合で含有する多目的潤滑油を提供することにあ
る。 これらの目的および他の目的は、本発明によれ
ば、 (i) シール油、 (ii) ミネラルスピリツト、 (iii) ナフテン酸金属塩、および (iv) 金属の脂肪酸石けん よりなる保護潤滑剤組成物によつて達成される。 好適例においては、上記組成物がさらに、潤滑
性および浸透性を高めるシリコーン油も含有す
る。 もつとも好ましい例においては、組成物がさら
に、極圧添加剤、例えば硫化油、および界面活性
剤、例えば油溶性乳化剤も含有する。 発明の具体的説明 本発明の保護潤滑剤組成物を製造するには、シ
ール油とミネラルスピリツトを合わせ、ナフテン
酸金属塩を加え、次いで金属の脂肪酸石けんを加
え、均質とするのにもし必要なら熱を加え、こう
して流体潤滑生成物を得る。これを溶剤または噴
射剤で希釈してポンプ送給または噴霧可能な潤滑
油を得ることができ、この潤滑油は密着部品間へ
の浸透、潤滑性、耐食性、および被潤滑領域から
の流出もしくは移行防止に優れている。 本明細書で使用する用語「シール油」は、周知
の潤滑油、鉱油および沸点範囲約270〜370℃の高
沸点石油留分を包含するものとする。本明細書で
使用する用語「ミネラルスピリツト」は、石油精
製技術において伝統的にミネラルスピリツトとし
て知られる低沸点石油留分（沸点範囲約150〜220
℃）だけでなく、「ホワイトスピリツト」、「ナフ
サ」、「低沸点溶剤」、軽油、および後述する通り
の本発明の潤滑剤組成物に含まれる他の成分の作
用を調和させるか併立可能にする溶剤的性質を有
する他の混合炭化水素溶剤または単独の通常液体
の低分子量炭化水素も包含するものとする。 シール油およびミネラルスピリツト成分は一緒
になつて本発明の基本潤滑油の主要部分を構成す
る。相対的割合は重要ではなく、使用者の特定の
潤滑要件に従つて変わる。シール油を本組成物の
キヤリヤ油、即ち基油とみなすことができる。脂
肪酸石けんを良好に分散させるためには、全組成
物100重量部当り５重量部以上のミネラルスピリ
ツト成分が必要である。低沸点ミネラルスピリツ
トは使用中に蒸発するので、ミネラルスピリツト
成分の割合が大きくなると、組成物が流動しやす
い潤滑油から非移行性潤滑油に変わる速度が影響
を受ける。 脂肪酸石けんを石油留分に加えるのはグリース
を形成する方法として周知である。本発明に脂肪
酸石けんを用いるのも、本潤滑剤組成物にゲル的
な性質を与えるためであるが、驚くべきことに
は、石油留分と金属石けんのゲルにナフテン酸金
属塩を加えると浸透性の優れた低粘度液体となる
ことを見出した。前述したように、潤滑剤組成物
の低沸点部分が蒸発するとき、グリース状コンパ
ウンドが部品および表面を継続して潤滑し保護し
ている。このようにして本組成物の低沸点成分が
そのまゝ残つている間は浸透性潤滑油が得られ、
そして低沸点成分が蒸発した後には潤滑兼保護生
成物が残る。 本発明に用いるのに適当な脂肪酸石けんは、リ
チウム、ナトリウム、アルミニウム、カルシウ
ム、バリウムなどの金属の脂肪酸石けんである。
アルミニウム石けんが好適である。市販品として
は、例えばWitco Chemical Corp.から販売され
ているAlumagel（商標名）がある。石けんの使
用量はシール油成分をゲル化するのに十分でなけ
ればならない。好適例では、全組成物100重量部
当り約1.0〜4.0重量部が適当であり、2.0重量部が
最適である。 本組成物に適当なナフテン酸金属塩は、従来塗
料にドライヤとして用いられているのと同じ化合
物であり、ナフテン酸マグネシウム、カルシウ
ム、コバルト、亜鉛、カドミウム、バリウムおよ
び鉛などが挙げられる。ナフテン酸亜鉛が好まし
い。ナフテン酸金属塩は本組成物に耐食性も与え
る。 ナフテン酸塩を組成物に添加するのは脂肪酸石
けんより前でも後でもよいが、ゲル化した組成物
の混合が困難になるのを避けるため、石けんより
前にナフテン酸塩を加えるのが好ましい。十分な
ナフテン酸塩を加えて、石けんの添加後に潤滑組
成物を流体状態に維持しなければならない。好適
例では、全組成物100重量部当り約2.0〜10.0重量
部が適当であり、約2.5〜8.5重量部が最適であ
る。 好適例においては、シリコーン油も添加して浸
透性および潤滑性を向上させる。このようなシリ
コーン油は式
【式】（式中のＲはC1-22ア ルキルである）の反復単位を有するメチルアルキ
ルポリシロキサンである。好適なメチルアルキル
シリコーン油は炭素原子数４〜18の置換基を有す
る。即ち上式中のＲがブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシ
ルなどである。このような組成物は米国特許第
3885984号に記載されている。 潤滑剤組成物を製造する場合、代表的には石油
留分成分、即ちシール油およびミネラルスピリツ
トを反応容器内で一緒にし、次いでナフテン酸塩
を加える。40℃前後に加熱すれば、通常粘着しや
すい粘稠な物質であるナフテン酸塩を分散させや
すい。脂肪酸石けんを加え、加熱を約60〜90℃ま
で続ける。典型的な例では、脂肪酸石けんが溶液
（約50〜60℃）に溶け込むにつれて混合物が増粘
し、その後さらに加熱を続けると低粘度になる。
シリコーン油を加える場合には、石けんの後で60
〜90℃の範囲で加えるのが最善である。 混合物が室温まで冷却すると、それは濃縮潤滑
油であり、これを通常高い製造温度では揮発する
ところのミネラルスピリツトまたは溶剤を追加し
て希釈することができる。本組成物は、エアゾー
ルスプレーに適用し易くするようにプロパンのよ
うな噴射剤と組合せることもできる。 本組成物に添加してその性能を特定の潤滑用途
に合うように変えることのできる他の添加剤に
は、例えば潤滑油の荷重支持力を高める「極圧」
添加剤、例えば硫化油および他の周知の硫黄、燐
およびハロゲン含有化合物；耐水性を改良し他の
添加剤を分散させる界面活性剤；および組成物の
希釈剤として働らくか組成物／噴射剤パツケージ
の可燃性を低くする溶剤または脱脂剤、例えば塩
化メチレンがある。 本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、多目的潤滑油として
金属および金属部品に、または自由積載部品、ま
たは一般的に従来の潤滑油が使用されるところに
はどこでも、ポンプ送給または噴霧（スプレー）
することができる。本発明の組成物は表面から水
を押しのけ、部品を摩擦による摩耗および腐食か
ら保護する。本発明の好適例が試験した幾つかの
市販スプレー潤滑油より性能が優れていることを
確かめた。 当業者が本発明の実施態様を一層よく理解でき
るように、以下に実施例を限定としてではなく例
示として示す。部は重量部。 実施例 １ 27.5部のシール油（沸点範囲518〜610〓、
Union Oil Co.）と10.0部のMineral Spirits 75
（沸点範囲319〜397〓、Union Oil Co.）と2.0部
のAlumagel（アルミニウム石けん、Witco
Chemical Co.、商標名）を混合し、50℃に加熱
した。この温度でゲルが生成した。3.0部のナフ
テン酸亜鉛を加え、混合して100センチストーク
スの流体をつくつた。6.0部のメチルアルキルポ
リシロキサン油（General Electric Co.）、0.5部
の硫化油（Base44Ｒ○ 、Keil Co.）および1.0部の
界面活性剤（ArquadＲ○ 2C―75、Armak
Chemical Inc.）も加えた。最後に50.0部の
Mineral Spirits75を加えた。 得られた潤滑剤組成物はブルツクフイールド
（Brookfield）RVT粘度計を用いて20rpm、No.１
スピンドルで測定して、ブルツクフイールド粘度
10センチストークスである。140℃に45分間加熱
した後の固形分は約13.5％である。 ２つのＶ形ブロツクを回転ピンの両側に押付け
てなるフアレツクス（Falex）試験機で潤滑性を
測定した。ピンは290rpmで回転し、Ｖ形ブロツ
クを一定割合で増加する圧力でピンに押付ける。
Ｖ形ブロツクの圧力をポンドで測定するととも
に、ピンのトルクを測定する。Ｖ形ブロツクの圧
力が増加するにつれてトルクが増加する。 ピン上に潤滑油膜が存在する限りは、Ｖ形ブロ
ツクの圧力とトルクが増加して潤滑油を押しのけ
金属と金属の接触が生じる時点までは摩耗がな
い。この潤滑不良が起つたとき、摩耗が生じる
が、圧力が増加しても、トルクはほゞ一定に留ま
る。この後トルクが急に増加し、最終的にはかじ
りきずによりピンが破壊される。 これらの実施例の目的にあわせて、丁度トルク
の急速な増加が生じるとき、即ち、潤滑油が切れ
る時点で圧力およびトルクを測定する。トルクを
ブロツク圧力で割り、フアレツクス試験機の定数
（2.9726）を掛けることにより、これらの測定値
から摩擦係数を求める。摩擦係数が低ければ低い
程、潤滑油は良好である。上記組成物について鋼
で行つたフアレツクス試験は摩擦係数0.081を与
え、この値はこのタイプの他の市販材料について
の摩擦係数約0.11に十分匹敵する。 本潤滑剤組成物で被覆した鋼パネルを塩水噴霧
キヤビネツトで耐食性についても試験した。別の
試験では、清浄にし被覆したパネルを２％塩水溶
液に５日間浸漬し、取出し、洗い、そして錆を調
べた。上記組成物で被覆したパネルはいずれの試
験でも錆をほとんど、またはまつたく示さなかつ
た。 実施例 ２ 種々の成分の効果を試験するために、次の通り
に12の潤滑剤組成物を製造した。
【表】 12の組成物をフアレツクス試験機での潤滑性、
水押退けおよび耐食性（２％塩水溶液に１週間浸
漬）について実施例１と同様に試験した。結果は
次の通り。
【表】 これらの結果から、種々の成分を種々に組合せ
た効果が明らかである。 上述した開示内容に照らして本発明に種々の変
更や改変を加え得ることが明らかである。しか
し、開示した通りの本発明の特定実施例に加えら
れる付随的な変更は本発明の範囲内に入る。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １ シール油、ミネラルスピリツト、金属の脂肪
    酸石けん、およびナフテン酸金属塩よりなる保護
    潤滑剤組成物。 ２ さらにシリコーン油を含有する特許請求の範
    囲第１項記載の組成物。 ３ 前記シリコーン油がメチルアルキルポリシロ
    キサン油である特許請求の範囲第２項記載の組成
    物。 ４ さらに界面活性剤を含有する特許請求の範囲
    第１項記載の組成物。 ５ シール油、ミネラルスピリツト、金属の脂肪
    酸石けん、ナフテン酸金属塩、およびこの組成物
    の荷重支持力を高める化合物よりなる保護潤滑剤
    組成物。 ６ シール油、ミネラルスピリツト、金属の脂肪
    酸石けん、ナフテン酸金属塩、メチルアルキルポ
    リシロキサン油、組成物の荷重支持力を高める化
    合物、および界面活性剤よりなる保護潤滑剤組成
    物。 ７ シール油、ミネラルスピリツト、アルミニウ
    ム石けん、ナフテン酸亜鉛、メチルアルキルポリ
    シロキサン油、硫化油、および油溶性乳化剤より
    なる保護潤滑剤組成物。 ８ 特許請求の範囲第７項記載の潤滑剤組成物、
    溶剤および噴射剤よりなる噴霧可能な潤滑油。 ９ 前記溶剤が塩化メチレンであり、前記噴射剤
    がプロパンおよびイソブタンとプロパンとの組合
    せから選択される特許請求の範囲第８項記載の噴
    霧可能な潤滑油。 １０ 全組成物100重量部当り (a) 50〜64重量部のシール油、 (b) 15〜25重量部のミネラルスピリツト、 (c) ３〜６重量部のアルミニウム石けん、 (d) ５〜10重量部のナフテン酸亜鉛、 (e) ８〜16重量部のメチルアルキルポリシロキサ
    ン、 (f) 0.2〜1.0重量部の硫化油、および (g) １〜４重量部の油溶性乳化剤 よりなる保護潤滑剤組成物。 １１ (A) 組成物100重量部当り (a) 50〜64重量部のシール油、 (b) 15〜25重量部のミネラルスピリツト、 (c) ３〜６重量部のアルミニウム石けん、 (d) ５〜10重量部のナフテン酸亜鉛、 (e) ８〜16重量部のメチルアルキルポリシロキ
    サン、 (f) 0.2〜1.0重量部の硫化油、および (g) １〜４重量部の油溶性乳化剤 よりなる潤滑剤組成物約37.5重量部、 (B) 塩化メチレン約37.5重量部、および (C) プロパン噴射剤約25.0重量部 よりなる噴霧可能な潤滑油。
JP58126259A 1982-07-13 1983-07-13 保護潤滑剤組成物 Granted JPS5978295A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US397811 1982-07-13
US06/397,811 US4443348A (en) 1982-07-13 1982-07-13 Protective lubricant composition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5978295A JPS5978295A (ja) 1984-05-07
JPH029079B2 true JPH029079B2 (ja) 1990-02-28

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US (1) US4443348A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5978295A (ja)

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US8415280B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2013-04-09 Bestline International Research, Inc. Universal synthetic penetrating lubricant, method and product-by-process
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US8377861B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2013-02-19 Bestline International Research, Inc. Universal synthetic golf club cleaner and protectant, method and product-by-process to clean, protect golf club faces and rejuvenate golf clubs grips
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Publication number Publication date
JPS5978295A (ja) 1984-05-07
US4443348A (en) 1984-04-17

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