JPH0285866A - Electrostatic image developing toner and method and system for developing the image by using the toner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance durability and fluidity characteristics and to prevent poor cleaning due to a blade by forming a toner into spheres in a specified process, developing an electrostatic image with the toner, transferring a toner image to a paper, and then, scraping down a recidual toner. CONSTITUTION:The electrostatic image developing toner is formed into spheres by repeating application of mechanical energy composed mainly of impact power to a resin powder in a gas phase. This process is carried out in a simple device because heat is not used, and the toner particles are not formed into perfect spheres, and not heat melted and it is less probable that they are heat melted and attach to each other, increasing their diameters, thus permitting the obtained toner not to pass by the blade or scraper 34 and not to cause poor cleaning in an electrophotographic apparatus using an organic photosemiconductor containing an amorphous binder for the photosensitive layer 30B of a photo-latent image carrying body 30 and cleaning the layer 30B of the toner, and the toner to be enhanced in fluidity and durability, good in triboelectrifiability and a final fixed image, to be sharp and free from fog.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a one-component electrostatic image developing toner used in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, etc., and a toner using the same. Regarding the developing method, in particular, a toner for developing an electrostatic image that contains resin powder as a component and is suitable for use in an electrophotographic recording device of a type in which the surface of a latent photoimage carrier is cleaned with a blade, an electrostatic image developing method, and Quiet? 'l image developing system.

[Background of the Invention] Generally, in electrophotography, a photolatent image carrier having a photosensitive layer made of a photoconductive material is given a uniform electrostatic charge, and then imagewise exposed. A toner image is formed by forming an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the body and developing this electrostatic latent image with a developer. The obtained toner image is transferred to a transfer material such as paper and then fixed by heating or pressure to form a copy image.

Conventionally, the optical latent image carrier is Se-Te, S
Amorphous metals such as e-As were used.

However, in recent years, organic optical semiconductors are being used instead of these metals due to toxicity, pollution, and other concerns.

Conventionally, polycarbonate, particularly bisphenol Δ, has been generally used as a binder for constructing an optical latent image carrier using this organic optical semiconductor.

However, bisphenol A tends to crystallize due to its structure, and therefore, after being coated on a latent photoimage carrier, the dried surface becomes slightly uneven. Therefore, when cleaning with a blade, the bisphenol A coated surface is likely to be cut, resulting in poor durability.

In order to solve this problem, it has been proposed to use modified polycarbonate, polyacrylate, fluorine-containing polycarbonate, fluorine-containing modified polycarbonate, fluorine-containing polyacrylate, etc. as a binder to construct an optical latent image carrier (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. No. 60-172045, 6
No. 1-238061, No. 62-212661, No. 62
-215959, 62-215960, 63-
(Refer to each publication of No. 65444).

These binders, unlike the above-mentioned conventional bisphenol A, contain an amorphous portion.

Therefore, the coated and dried surface is less likely to crystallize, resulting in a smooth surface with a low wear rate.

Durability has improved dramatically.

On the other hand, the developer used in the dry development method, which is the preferred method for developing electrostatic latent images, is generally a so-called two-component developer consisting of a non-magnetic toner that does not contain a magnetic substance and a magnetic carrier. A so-called one-component developer is known, which is composed only of a magnetic toner containing a magnetic material.

Here, unlike the two-component developer consisting of toner and carrier, the latter one-component developer consists only of magnetic toner, and therefore does not require adjustment of toner concentration. Therefore,
One-component developer does not require a toner concentration control device, making maintenance easier, and the device for stirring the developer is also simple, so the configuration of the developer device can be extremely simple. It has the advantage of being able to

However, since a one-component developer consists only of magnetic toner and does not have a carrier, the magnetic toner has strong magnetic cohesive force and electrostatic cohesive force, and therefore the magnetic toners aggregate with each other and form clumps. As a result, the fluidity of the developer decreases, and an appropriate amount of toner cannot be stably conveyed to the development space, resulting in a problem that image density decreases or image unevenness occurs.

In addition, magnetic toner is normally conveyed to the development space while being held on a developer carrier by magnetic force, but if the magnetic toner has an irregular shape, the magnetization of the magnetic toner may have a direction. occurs. Therefore, it becomes difficult to form a uniform developer layer on the developer carrier, and as a result,
There is a problem in that uneven development occurs and the final fixed image becomes unclear.

Furthermore, when the fluidity of the magnetic toner is low, the magnetic toner tends to form agglomerates. Frictional electrification with the body, etc., is prevented. As a result, there is a problem that the final fixed image becomes foggy and unclear.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is sufficient to improve the fluidity of the magnetic toner, and for this purpose, it is effective to make the magnetic toner spherical. Conventionally, the following spheroidization techniques have been proposed.

(1) A technique in which the surface of resin particles obtained by kneading and pulverization is melted with hot air using a spray dryer to make them spherical (JP-A-56-52758, JP-A-59-1)
(Refer to No. 27662, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 134650/1983)
.

(2) A technique of manufacturing toner particles by a granulation polymerization method to make them spherical (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 121048/1983).

(3) A technique for simultaneously pulverizing a coarsely pulverized toner composition and making it spherical by controlling the temperature of incoming air (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-61627).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the technique (1) above, the dispersion state of the resin particles is not completely uniform when melted by hot air, etc., and the resin particles come into contact with each other. Agglomeration of resin particles occurs, and as a result, the average particle size of the resulting toner increases, resulting in deterioration of image quality.
Since the particle size distribution becomes wider, there are problems in that when obtaining a toner with a desired particle size distribution, the yield decreases significantly and the manufacturing cost of the toner increases.

Moreover, in the technique (1) above, when the fixing property improving agent is contained in the resin particles, the fixing property improving agent oozes out onto the surface of the resin particles due to the hot air.
As a result, toner particles tend to aggregate, resulting in problems such as image defects such as toner fireflies.

In the technique (2) above, since the granulation polymerization method is adopted, there is a disadvantage that the range of resins that can be selected as the binder resin is narrow, and it is difficult to uniformly disperse and contain magnetic fine particles in the resin particles. is difficult. As a result, the magnetic properties of the resulting magnetic toner become uneven, resulting in various problems such as toner scattering and uneven development.

In the technique (3) above, in order to perform spheroidization at the same time as pulverization, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the incoming air to about the glass transition point Tg of the resin.
Plastic deformation of the resin becomes large and crushability deteriorates. Therefore, a large amount of energy is required to pulverize the particles to a desired particle size.

There is a problem that the manufacturing cost becomes high. Further, due to the high temperature, a phenomenon occurs in which the pulverized material is fused to the wall of a pulverizer or the like, and as a result, it is difficult to efficiently obtain toner with a desired particle size distribution.

On the other hand, in the technique (1) above, if you ignore the yield, it is possible to obtain spherical toner particles with considerably high precision. In other words, in the cleaning process, the toner remaining on the surface of the latent image carrier is usually scraped off with a blade or the like, but the toner that has a high degree of spherical formation is There is a problem that the toner easily slips between the surface and the blade, and as a result, a portion of the toner remains on the latent image carrier, adversely affecting the formation of the next copy image, resulting in an unclear image.

Particularly, in the case of an optical latent image carrier coated with an amorphous binder such as the above-mentioned modified polycarbonate.

Its surface is smooth, wear rate is low, and durability is improved, so when cleaning with a blade,
Spherical toner easily slips through, resulting in poor cleaning. Furthermore, this is particularly noticeable in toner particles that have been made spherical by high heat treatment. The reason is,
When the surface of the toner becomes molten due to heat treatment, the fixing aid contained in the toner components oozes out, causing surface properties to deteriorate, especially.

It is thought that this is because the charging characteristics change, the toner transfer rate deteriorates, and the amount of toner remaining after transfer increases.

As a measure to prevent the above-mentioned toner from slipping through, it is conceivable to increase the pressing force of the blade during cleaning.

However, when this method is adopted, the toner is strongly pressed against the blade. For this reason, a fluidity improver such as fine silica powder added to the toner to improve fluidity properties may be peeled off from the toner surface and embedded in the photoreceptor surface. Moreover, this becomes a nucleus, and the silica fine powder etc. are likely to be embedded around it, and the embedding of the silica fine powder gradually spreads, causing an image defect commonly known as "black spots".

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to use an electrophotographic recording device or the like in which an organic optical semiconductor using an amorphous binder is used as an optical latent image carrier and toner cleaning is performed by a blade. It is an object of the present invention to provide a toner for electrostatic image development that is usable, has excellent durability, has good flow characteristics, and does not cause cleaning defects.

Another object of the present invention is that the toner has good flow characteristics, can be smoothly transported to the developing space, and can form a uniform developer layer on the developer carrier, thereby preventing the occurrence of uneven development. To provide an electrostatic image developing method and a developing system in which a clear final fixed image is obtained, and furthermore, triboelectric charging is performed well and a clear final fixed image without fog is obtained. There is a particular thing.

Still another object of the present invention is to prevent toner from slipping through the blade when an organic optical semiconductor using an amorphous binder is used as an optical latent image carrier. Since there is no need to increase the pressing force, the fluidity property of the silica part powder etc.
To provide an electrostatic image developing method and a developing system capable of preventing image defects such as so-called "black spots" from being peeled off from the surface of a latent photoimage carrier and embedded in the surface of a latent optical image carrier. It is in.

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a means for achieving the first object of item 2, the present invention provides an electrostatic image to be used as a developer in an electrophotographic recording device in which residual toner after transfer is cleaned with a blade. A toner for development, which is formed by spheroidizing the component resin powder by repeatedly applying mechanical energy, mainly impact force, in a gas phase, and is composed of an organic optical semiconductor. It is characterized in that it is used as a developer for optical 'fI image carriers.

Further, as a means for achieving the second object, the present invention provides a method for forming a resin powder into a spheroid by repeatedly applying mechanical energy, mainly impact force, in a gas phase to the component resin powder. The toner for developing an electrostatic image is carried on a developer carrier and transported to a developing space, and the toner is used to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on an optical latent image carrier made of an organic optical semiconductor. The method is characterized in that after the obtained image is transferred to paper, the residual toner after transfer is scraped off with a blade to clean the optical latent image carrier.

Further, as a means for achieving the third object, the present invention provides a latent optical image carrier made of an organic optical semiconductor and carrying a latent optical image, and an electrostatic latent image carrier formed on the latent optical image carrier. An electrostatic image developing system comprising a developing means for developing an image, and a cleaning means for cleaning an optical latent image carrier by scraping off residual toner after transferring the obtained image onto paper with a blade. In the step, the developing means applies to the component resin powder in a gas phase,
The toner is formed by spheroidizing the toner by repeatedly applying mechanical energy mainly consisting of an impact force, and a conveying means conveys the toner to a developing space while supporting the toner on a developer carrier. It is characterized by being composed of:

The static 1'Ii image developing toner (hereinafter simply referred to as toner) of the present invention is preferably applied to a one-component developer, but
It can also be applied to two-component developers.

Further, the toner of the present invention is preferably applied to a magnetic toner containing a magnetic component, but is not limited to this Jc, but can also be applied to a non-magnetic 1 hener.

The toner of the present invention includes 1, for example, a resin serving as a binder;
Five spherical shapes are obtained by repeatedly applying mechanical energy, mainly impact force, in a gas phase to resin particles obtained by mixing and pulverizing fine magnetic particles and other additives used as necessary. It is obtained by chemical treatment.

This spheronizing treatment applies mechanical energy of a magnitude that does not substantially crush the resin particles, for example, mechanical energy of a magnitude of about 175 to 1/10 of the mechanical energy normally required for crushing. That's fine.

Here, "the resin particles are not substantially crushed" means that when the weight average particle size of the resin particles before being spheronized is 8 and the weight average particle size after spheroidization is B, the following 6 conditions that satisfy the conditions: 0.93A≦BAA The mechanical energy in the above spheroidization process specifically varies depending on the characteristics of the binder resin, and cannot be generally specified. In the example, t9 is 1.59X LO-3-9,5 per particle of resin particle powder.
6X 1O-7er+c, preferably 1.20X
Mechanical energy of 10-3 to 1.60 x 10'erg may be applied.

It is preferable that the circularity of the toner sphericalized by the spherical treatment is 0.70 or more and 0.80 or less.

When the degree of circularity is too small, it becomes difficult to obtain high fluidity; on the other hand, when the degree of circularity is too large, it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient leaning properties.

In the present invention, 1 circularity is defined by a linear equation.

The circularity can be measured using, for example, an image analysis device (manufactured by Nippon Avionics).

The average particle size of the toner is preferably from 5 to 201 m, particularly preferably from 8 to 154 m.

If the average particle size is too small, there is a risk that cleaning performance may be reduced or toner scattering may occur.

On the other hand, when the average particle size is too large, it becomes difficult to form an image with high resolution.

Furthermore, in order to obtain a toner with uniform properties, it is preferable that the particle size distribution of the toner is narrow, and specifically, 90% by weight
It is preferable that the following toner particles have an average particle diameter in a range of 0.5 to 1.5 times.

Furthermore, the average particle size and particle size distribution of the toner are as follows.

It was measured using a "Coulter Counter" (manufactured by Coulter Co., Ltd.), and the average particle size refers to the particle size when 1 weight cumulative amount is 50% by weight.

The fluidity of toner depends on its static bulk density! V! can be valued. Static bulk density means, for example, a diameter of 28 mm,
This is the value obtained by loosely filling a container with internal volume Loom t through a 100-mesh sieve and measuring the amount of toner at this time. Specifically, [Tap Denser K Y T-2000 type] (@Seishin Enterprise 12
).

The binder resin constituting the toner is not particularly limited, and conventionally known resins can be used.

Examples of materials suitable for the heat fixing method include styrene resins, styrene-acrylic resins, styrene-butadiene resins, polyester resins, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, and polyurethane resins.

In addition, suitable materials for the pressure fixing method include polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, and polyethylene-methacrylic acid ester copolymer. Polyethylene copolymer polyester such as coalescence; styrene-butadiene copolymer; beeswax,
Waxes such as carnauba wax and microcrystalline wax; Higher fatty acids such as stearic acid and palmitic acid, their salts, and their esters; Epoxy resin; Rubbers such as isobutylene rubber, cyclized rubber, and nitrile rubber; Polyamide; Chloron-indene Resins; maleic acid-modified phenol resins; phenol-modified terpene resins; silicone resins; and the like.

A polyester resin preferably used as a binder resin for a toner is obtained by polycondensation of an alcohol monomer and a heavy carboxylic acid.

Examples of alcohol monomers used for this include:
Ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,
3-propylene glycol, ■, 4-butanediol,
Neopentyl glycol, diols such as 1,4-butynediol, ■, 4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, and bisphenol A, hydrogenated bisphenol A, polyoxyethylated bisphenol A,
Examples include etherified bisphenols such as polyoxypropylenated bisphenol A, and other dihydric alcohol monomers.

Examples of carboxylic acid monomers include maleic acid, fumaric acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, itaconic acid, glutaconic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, and cepatin. Examples include acids, malonic acid, anhydrides of these acids, dimers of lower alkyl esters and lyluic acid, and other divalent organic acid monomers.

In addition to the above-mentioned divalent monomers, trivalent or higher valent monomers may be used as necessary.

Examples of trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol monomers include sorbitol, 1,2,3.6-hexanetetrol, 1
．． 4-sorbitan, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, sucrose, 1
, 2,4-butanetriol, 1,2゜5-pentanetriol, glycerol, 2-methylpropanetriol, 2-methyl-1,2,4-butanetriol, 1-
Limethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, 1,3
．． Examples include 5-1-lyhydroxymethylbenzene and others. In addition, examples of trivalent or higher polyvalent carboxylic acid monomers include 1,2.4-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3.5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,
2.4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 2,5.7
-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic acid,
1,2.5-hexanetricarboxylic acid, 3-dicarboxy-2-methyl-2-methylenecarboxypropane, tetra(methylenecarboxy)methane, 1,2,7
．． Mention may be made of 8-octante 1-lacarboxylic acid, empol trimer acid, anhydrides of these acids, and others.

A styrene-acrylic resin preferably used as a binder resin for a toner is a resin obtained by copolymerizing a styrene monomer and an acrylic monomer.

Specific examples of the styrenic monomer 1- include styrene, 0-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene,
-Methylstyrene, α-methylstyrene, p-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, p-n-butylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, p-n-
hexylstyrene, p-n-octylstyrene, p-n
-nonylstyrene, pn-decylstyrene, pn-
Examples include dodecylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-phenylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene, and 3,4-dichlorostyrene. These monomers are.

They may be used alone or in combination.

Specific examples of acrylic monomers include acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and acrylic acid n.
-Butyl, isobutyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, α-chloroacrylic acid Acrylic acid or its esters such as methyl; methacrylic acid.

Methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, Examples include methacrylic acid or its esters such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate; and others. These prefecture molecules may be used alone or in combination.

(Left below) The magnetic particles constituting the toner include materials that are strongly magnetized in the direction of the magnetic field, such as iron, ferrite, magnetite, and other ferromagnetic metals such as iron, nickel, and cobalt; Alloys or compounds containing metals, alloys that do not contain ferromagnetic elements but become ferromagnetic by appropriate heat treatment 1 For example, alloys called Heusler alloys such as manganese-copper-aluminum or manganese-copper-tin. Examples include alloys and chromium dioxide.

It is preferable that the magnetic fine particles are uniformly dispersed and contained in the binder resin in order to obtain uniform magnetic properties, and from this point of view, the average particle size thereof is

50-2000 nai is preferable, especially 1100-10 nai
00n is preferred. In addition, the content ratio of magnetic fine particles is
Preferably 15-65% of the toner, especially 25-55%
Weight percent is preferred. If the content ratio is too low, toner scattering may occur, while if the content ratio is too high, it may be difficult to form a uniform magnetic toner layer on the developer carrier, resulting in uneven development. There is.

When obtaining the resin particle powder, in addition to the binder resin and magnetic fine particles, additives that may be used as necessary include, for example, a charge control agent, a mold release agent, and the like.

Various pigments or dyes can be used as the charge control agent. Specifically, nigrosine, azo, quaternary
Pigments or dyes such as ammonium salt-based and thiourea-based pigments can be used. These charge control agents may be used in combination. The content ratio of the charge control agent is preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight per 2 parts by weight of the binder resin and the magnetic fine particles.

Examples of mold release agents include polyolefins, fatty acid metal salts, fatty acid esters, partially saponified fatty acid esters, higher fatty acids, higher alcohols, liquid or solid paraffin waxes, amide waxes, polyhydric alcohol esters, silicone varnishes, aliphatic Fluorocarbon or the like can be used.

In particular, the softening point when measured by the ring and ball method specified in JIS K2531-1960 is 80-180°C, especially 70°C.
Polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene having a temperature of ~160°C are preferred. These mold release agents may be used in combination. The content of the mold release agent is preferably 1 part by weight based on a total of 100 parts by weight of the binder resin and magnetic fine particles.
~IO parts by weight.

The toner constituting the one-component developer of the present invention is obtained by spheroidizing resin particles and then adding and mixing external additives such as inorganic or organic fine powder and a cleaning performance enhancer. Good too.

As the inorganic or organic fine powder, 11 particles of metal or non-metal oxides can be particularly preferably used, specifically silicon oxide and titanium oxide.

Aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, chromium oxide, s1-rontium titanate, etc. can be used.

These may be used in combination. In addition, inorganic or organic fine powders are 1-particles (individually separated unit particles).
It is preferable that the particle size is 1 to 2000 nm, particularly preferably 5 to 1500 nm. The content of the inorganic or organic fine powder is preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the toner.

Note that the toner constituting the one-component developer of the present invention has been spheroidized and therefore basically has high fluidity. However, when using the above fluidizing agent, the fluidity The image quality becomes even better, and even more excellent developability is exhibited.

Examples of the cleaning property improving aid include fatty acid metal salts such as zinc stearate and calcium stearate, and polymer particles such as polymethyl methacrylate particles and polystyrene particles.

The toner constituting the one-component developer of the present invention is as follows.

For example, it can be manufactured by the following method.

That is, the binder resin, magnetic fine particles, and other additives used as necessary are premixed and then kneaded while being melted using, for example, an extruder. Thereafter, it is cooled, then coarsely pulverized using, for example, a hammer mill, Wiley type pulverizer, etc., further finely pulverized using, for example, a jet mill, etc., and then classified to obtain a resin particle powder of a desired particle size. obtain.

Next, by repeatedly applying mechanical energy through impact force to the resin particle powder in the gas phase using a surface treatment device, etc., which is an improved impact type crusher, the resin particles are substantially pulverized. Toner is obtained by performing a spheroidization process without any process. Further, if necessary, external additives may be further added and mixed to obtain a toner with improved characteristics.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a surface treatment apparatus.

In the figure, 11 is a raw material input valve, 12 is a raw material input chute, 13 is a product discharge valve, 14 is a product discharge chute, 1
5 is a rotating disk (rotor), 16 is a blade (rotary vane) provided on the rotating disk 15, 17 is a stator, and 18 is a recycling pipe.

19 is a jacket (can be cooled or heated).

20 is a casing, and 21 is a temperature needle using a chromel-alumel thermocouple as a temperature measuring probe.

In addition, recycling piping 18, rotor 15. The charging and discharging shoes) - 12 and 14 may have a jacket structure for cooling or heating.

Note that in the figure, arrows indicate trajectories of raw material particles and the like.

In this device, when a rotary disk 15 having blades 16 is rotated at high speed, centrifugal force is applied to the internal air by the blades 16, the outside of the rotary disk 15 is pressurized, and the center of the rotary disk 15 is under negative pressure. state. Here, this device is
Since the outside and center of the rotary disk 15 are connected by the recycling pipe 18, the pressurized air outside the rotary disk 15 moves to the center of the rotary disk 15 via the recycling pipe 18, and the device A Wi circulation of air is formed inside.

In a state where such a circulating flow of air is formed, the raw material input chute 12 provided in the middle of the recycling pipe
When resin particle powder is introduced.

The charged resin particles are circulated through the recycling pipe 18 together with this circulating flow. During this circulation process, the resin particles collide with the blades 16, stator 17, etc., and receive impact force.

By repeatedly receiving such impact force, the convex portions are pressed and become lower, and the concave portions are filled in, making the whole spherical. After such a circulation process has been carried out for a certain period of time, the powder discharge valve 13 is opened to discharge the treated resin particle powder by centrifugal force, thereby obtaining spherical resin particle powder.

Next, FIG. 3 shows another example of a surface treatment apparatus that is an improved impact type crusher that can be used for producing the toner of the present invention.

In the figure, 51 is a raw material hopper, 52 is a stirring motor, 53 is a supersonic nozzle, 54 is a collision plate, 55 is a recycling collector, 56 is a collection cyclone, 57 is a raw material inlet, 58 is compressed air, 59 is an air exhaust outlet, and 60 is a resin particle powder.

The device in this example is a batch type device that repeatedly applies mechanical energy to the resin particle powder 60, and during the surface treatment of the resin particle powder 60, the resin is transferred from the recycling collector 55 to the collection cyclone 56. Transfer of the particle powder 60 is prohibited, and after the surface treatment, all the resin particle powder 6o can be transferred from the recycling collector 55 to the collection cyclone 56.

Further, in order to prevent the resin particle powder 60 from being substantially crushed, the pressure of the compressed air 58 is adjusted to prevent the resin particle powder 20 from being crushed. If impact force can be controlled.

The spheroidization treatment of the resin particle powder may be carried out at room temperature, or may be carried out while being heated in order to soften it slightly. However, if the heating temperature is too high, the tackiness of the binder resin will increase, resulting in a phenomenon in which the particles of the resin particles aggregate and form agglomerates, making it difficult to obtain a toner with a desired particle size distribution.

Next, an electrostatic image developing method using the toner of the present invention will be described.

According to the toner of the present invention, images can be formed by applying various developing methods. Specifically, for example, the following developing method can be applied.

■ A two-component developer is mixed with a carrier, and a developer layer made of this two-component developer is carried on a developer carrier while being conveyed to a developing space. While directly rubbing the electrostatic latent image formed on the latent image carrier with the developer layer.

A two-component contact development method in which development is performed by attaching toner particles or particle groups in a developer layer to an electrostatic latent image.

■ Mixing with a carrier to form a two-component developer, while supporting the developer layer of this two-component developer on a developer carrier so that its thickness is thinner than the gap in the development space.
By conveying the toner to the developing space and applying an oscillating electric field to the developing space, toner particles or particle groups in the developer layer of the two-component developer are caused to fly and adhere to the electrostatic latent image. A two-component jumping development method.

■ A one-component developer consisting of magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner, and carrying a developer layer of magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner on a developer carrier, transporting this to the development space, Development is carried out by attaching magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner particles or particle groups to the electrostatic latent image while directly rubbing the electrostatic latent image formed on the latent image carrier with a developer layer of magnetic toner. One-component contact development method.

■ A one-component developer consisting of magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner, with a developer layer of magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner supported on a developer carrier so that its thickness is thinner than the gap in the developing space. , by conveying it to the developing space and applying an oscillating electric field to the developing space,
A one-component jumping development method in which particles or particle groups of magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner constituting a developer layer are caused to fly and adhere to an electrostatic latent image to perform development.

As the developing method to which the present invention is applied, among the above-mentioned developing methods, (1) one-component contact development method and (2) one-component jumping development method are particularly preferred.

When applying these developing methods ① and ②, magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner can be efficiently rubbed! i
A carrier may be used to generate F current.

When using a carrier, in order to achieve good development, it is important to prevent the carrier from being transported into the development space, for example, using a blade or the like. That is, it is important that the carrier in this case is not substantially contained in the developer layer that is conveyed to the development space and subjected to development.

Such carriers are not particularly limited, and include uncoated carriers made of magnetic particles, surface-treated carriers made by treating the surface of magnetic particles with a resin, and magnetic substances made by dispersing fine magnetic particles in a binder resin. Distributed carriers and the like can be used.

FIG. 2 shows an example of an apparatus constituting the electrostatic image developing system of the present invention, which can be suitably used to carry out the above-mentioned (1) one-component contact development method or (2) one-component jumping development method. FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes an optical latent image carrier, and this optical latent image carrier 30 has a rotating drum-like form that is rotated in the direction of arrow X. A photosensitive layer 30B is laminated on the body 30A.

The photosensitive layer 30B of the latent photoimage carrier 30 is composed of an organic photosemiconductor layer in which an organic photosemiconductor material is dispersed in an amorphous binder.

Examples of the above-mentioned organic optical semiconductors include primary ones.

As the charge generation layer, azo pigments, anthraquinone derivatives, anthorone derivatives, metal phthalocyanines, metal-free phthalocyanines, perinone pigments, etc. are used.
As the charge transport layer, oxazole derivatives, styryl compounds, hydrazone compounds, pyrazoline derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, quinazoline derivatives, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, bily-1-vinylpyrene, and the like are used.

Further, as the above-mentioned amorphous binder, for example, one may be used.

These include:

That is, as a binder, modified polycarbonate,
A polyarylate-containing compound, a fluorine-containing polycarbonate, a fluorine-containing modified polycarbonate, a fluorine-containing polyarylate compound, etc. can be used.

etc. can also be used.

A charger and an exposure optical system (not shown) are disposed on the first stream side of the development space 44. First, the charger charges the surface of the latent image carrier 30 to a constant potential, and then , an exposure optical system (not shown) projects an optical image of the original onto the developed surface of the optical latent image carrier 30, and an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the original is formed on the developed surface; This electrostatic latent image is moved to the development space 44, and in the development space 44.

The electrostatic latent image is developed by the developing means.

31 is a developing sleeve, and this developing sleeve 31 is
For example, the developing sleeve 31 has a rotating drum shape made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum, and a magnet roll 32 is disposed inside the developing sleeve 31 . This magnet roll 32 consists of a plurality of N and S magnetic poles arranged along the circumference of the developing sleeve 31. These developing sleeves 3
1 and the magnet roll 32 constitute a developer carrier.

In a specific example of this developer carrier, the developing sleeve 31 is arranged in the direction of arrow Y, for example.

That is, the magnet 1 is rotated to move in the same direction as the moving direction of the optical latent image carrier 30 in the developing space 44.
The roller 32 is rotated, for example, in the direction of arrow Z, that is, in the opposite direction to that of the developing sleeve 31. In addition, in the present invention, the developing sleeve 31 and the magnet roll 3
The rotation directions of the two rotation directions are not particularly limited, and may be rotated in appropriate directions. In addition, the developing sleeve 31
may be fixed and the magnetic screw 1-roll 32 may be rotated, or the magnet roll 32 may be fixed and the developing sleeve 31 may be rotated. Further, the moving speed of the developer layer 43 is preferably about the same as or larger than the moving speed (circumferential speed) of the latent image carrier 30, but is not limited thereto.

The N and S magnetic poles that constitute the magnet roll 32 are as follows.

Usually, the magnetic flux density on the surface of the developing sleeve 31 is 1,
It is magnetized to about 500 to 1500 Gauss.

33 is a regulation blade, and this regulation blade 33 is
This is for regulating the height and amount of the developer layer 43 reaching the developing space 24.

34 is a scraper. This scraper 34 is
This is for scraping off the developer remaining on the surface of the developing sleeve 31 after development. The surface of the developing sleeve 31 scraped by the scraper 34 comes into contact with the developer 42 again in the developer reservoir 35, and a new developer layer 43 is formed on the developing sleeve 31 in the same manner as above.
This is transported to the developing space 44.

35 is a developer reservoir, and 36 is a stirring screw. In the developer reservoir 35, the developer 42 is mixed and stirred by the stirring screw 36. 37 is a hopper, and new magnetic toner or non-magnetic toner is appropriately replenished from the hopper 37 into the developer reservoir 35 by a supply roller 38.

39 is a bias power supply, 40 is a protection resistor, and a bias voltage is applied to the developing space 44 by a bias tlX39. This bias power supply 39 is normally configured to generate only a DC voltage when a contact development method is applied, and is configured to generate an oscillating electric field when a jumping development method is applied. The configuration is such that only a voltage is generated, preferably a voltage in which a DC voltage is superimposed on an AC voltage. As the alternating current voltage, one having a frequency of, for example, about 100 I2 to 1 kHz, preferably about 1 to 5 klh, and a voltage (peak-to-peak value) of, for example, about 0.1 to 5 kV is used. In addition, the DC voltage is an absolute value, for example,
About 10 to 5 oov is used.

Further, the toner described above is used as the toner constituting the developing means together with the developer carrier. The developing system of the present invention is characterized in that it also includes a developing toner as a part of its components.

Further, the developing system of the present invention includes a cleaning blade, not shown in FIG. 2, for scraping off residual toner after transfer. In the case of the present invention, it is not necessary to apply a special pressing force to this blade.

The heat-fixable electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention is fixed by a heat-fixing method to form a copy image.

In particular, a heat roller fixing method using a heat roller fixing device can be preferably applied. This heat roller fixing method includes, for example, a heat roller, a backup roller placed in opposition to the heat roller, and a heat source. And in this method, by the heating source.

By passing the transfer material on which the toner has been transferred between the pair of rollers while maintaining the temperature of the heat roller within a certain range, the toner is brought into direct contact with the heat roller, and the toner is thermally fixed onto the transfer material. .

Note that a cleaning roller may be disposed opposite to the backup roller as necessary.

Further, when fixing the toner of the present invention by applying a heat roller fixing method, the contact time between the toner on the transfer material and the heat roller is preferably 1 second or less, preferably 0.5 seconds or less.
Sufficient low-temperature fixability is exhibited even when fixing is performed at a high speed of 5 seconds or less.

[Operations and Effects] The electrostatic image developing toner of the present invention is formed by subjecting the resin powder to a spheroidization process by repeatedly applying mechanical energy, mainly impact force, in a gas phase. It is something. The detailed mechanism of this spherical process using mechanical energy is not necessarily clear, but spherical formation occurs due to plastic deformation due to physical pressure, rearrangement of polymers due to mechanochemical action, etc. It is considered that

By undergoing such spherical processing, the convex portions become gradually lower, while the concave portions are filled in, making the overall area 1.
It becomes a stable shape with a small surface area, that is, a shape approaching one sphere. When many particles have such a shape, mutual friction becomes smaller and fluidity improves.

On the other hand, in the present invention, only mechanical energy is applied as described above, and the resin is not melted or dissolved. Therefore, it will never be perfectly spherical. Further, the surface will not be extremely smooth.

Therefore, during cleaning with the blade, toner will not slip through and cause cleaning failure. As a result, there is no need to increase the suppressing force of the blade, so that toner additives do not become embedded in the binder of the optical latent image carrier.

Furthermore, in the present invention, as described above, the spheroidization process can be performed using only mechanical energy, so that the process can be performed using a simple device.

Furthermore, since the present invention does not require high temperatures for the spheronizing process, there is little risk of the toner particles becoming larger in diameter due to heat fusion, etc. Furthermore, since the spheroidizing process is performed after the pulverization process, the spherical shape In the chemical treatment, less fine powder is generated, and particles with a desired particle size distribution can be efficiently obtained.

Moreover, since high temperatures are not required for the spheroidization treatment, the desired stable characteristics are exhibited without thermal deterioration of the resin and other additives used as necessary.

In this way, the present invention uses an organic optical semiconductor using an amorphous binder as an optical latent image carrier, which is used in an electrophotographic recording device that performs toner cleaning with a blade, and has excellent durability and fluidity. It is possible to realize a toner for electrostatic image development that has good properties and does not cause cleaning defects.

The electrostatic image developing method and developing system of the present invention are as follows.

With the above configuration, the toner has good flow characteristics,
The developer can be smoothly transported to the development space, a uniform developer layer can be formed on the developer carrier, and uneven development can be prevented, resulting in a clear final fixed image. 6 Moreover, since the toner has good fluidity, frictional charging is performed well, and a clear final fixed image without fogging can be obtained.

Further, in the electrostatic image developing method and developing system of the present invention, since the toner is not excessively spherical, it is difficult to pass through the blade, and there is an effect that cleaning defects do not occur. Therefore, since there is no need to increase the pressing force of the blade, the fluidity improver such as silica part powder is less likely to peel off from the toner surface. As a result, the peeled-off fluidity improver does not become embedded in the surface of the optical latent image carrier, and the occurrence of image defects called "black spots" is prevented.

[Example] Hereinafter, implementation of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Manufacture of toner) (1) Example toner T1 Styrene-methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer (monomer composition ratio = 75
: 10 : 15) 50 parts by weight of magnetic fine particles (
50 parts by weight of a fixing property improver (low molecular weight polypropylene, Viscol 660P, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and nigrosine dye (SO, manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd.). ) 3 parts by weight in a Henschel mixer, melt-kneaded in an extruder at a temperature of 120°C, cooled, coarsely pulverized, finely pulverized in a jet mill, and further classified to determine the average particle size. Resin particle powder A with io and 9 pm was obtained.

For surface treatment equipment (specifically, a hybridizer (required by Nara Kikai Seisaku)) which is an improved impact crusher.

The above resin particle powder A was charged and placed in a gas phase.

Without heating, mechanical energy mainly consisting of impact force was repeatedly applied to the resin particle powder A over a period of 5 minutes to perform a spheroidization treatment, thereby obtaining Example Toner T1.

(2) Comparative Example Toner t1 The resin particle powder A used in the above-mentioned Example Toner T1 was passed through a hot air stream at 340° C. using a streak 1 no drying device to perform a spheroidization treatment to obtain toner coarse powder. Ta.

This toner coarse powder has a large proportion of large-diameter particles, and therefore, it is difficult to put it to practical use as it is, and it was determined that further classification is necessary.

Therefore, the toner coarse powder was further classified to obtain a comparative toner t1 having an average particle size of 11.3 pn+.

(3) Example toner T2 Except for using polyester A1 as the binder resin,
Resin particle powder B having an average particle size of 11.4 μm was obtained using the same composition and method as in the case of Example Toner T1.

Toner T1 was manufactured in the same manner except that resin particle powder B was used instead of resin particle powder A.
I got 2.

In this example, polyester A1 used as the binder resin was manufactured as follows.

O polyoxypropylene (2,2)-2,2-bis(4
'-hydroxyphenyl) propane 490go Polyoxyethylene (2)-2,2-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propane 195go Terephthalic acid 188 gOn-dodecenylsuccinic anhydride 26.8gO diisopropyl orthotitanate (esterification catalyst) 0 .8g or more of the material is placed in a till-capacity round-bottomed flask equipped with a thermometer, stainless steel stirrer, glass nitrogen inlet tube, and down-flow condenser, the flask is placed in a heating mantle, and nitrogen gas is added to the flask. Nitrogen gas was introduced through the gas inlet tube to keep the inside of the flask in an inert atmosphere, and the temperature was raised to 250°C, and the reaction was carried out for about 5 hours with stirring. The acid value was measured at 2.0. Ta.

Furthermore, 78.8 g of trimellitic anhydride at 200°C
was added and reacted for about 4 hours, further reacted for 2 hours under reduced pressure, and when the acid value reached 18, the reaction was terminated to obtain polyester A1.

This polyester A1 was a pale yellow solid, and its softening point was measured with a Flow Tester CFT-500J (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) and found to be 135°C.

(4) Comparative Example Toner T2 The resin particle powder B used in the above Example Toner T2 was subjected to a spheroidization treatment by passing through a hot air stream at 340° C. using a spray drying device to obtain a toner coarse powder.

This toner coarse powder has a large proportion of large-diameter particles, so it is difficult to put it to practical use as it is, and it was determined that further classification is necessary. Therefore, the toner coarse powder was further classified to obtain comparative toner t2 having an average particle size of 10.81 m.

(The following is a blank space) (Manufacture of a latent optical image carrier) Next, a manufacturing example of a latent optical image carrier in which it is preferable to use the toner of the present invention as an In agent will be described.

In the optical latent image carrier, the CGM layer contains a carrier generating substance (Carrier Gcneration M).
c = r M R'j is a carrier transport material (CarrierTransport
Material) WJ.

(1) Optical latent image carrier OPC1 Mirror-finished aluminum tube is made of vinyl chloride.
Vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer “S-LEC MF”
-10J (manufactured by M-Suikagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) JIX size approx. 0
．． A 1 pm intermediate layer was applied by dipping.

Next, a bisazo compound represented by the following structural formula (1) is added to 1
．． A C(3M layer) was formed by deep immersion in a sufficiently uniform dispersion in 2-dichloroethane, and was thoroughly dried to a thickness of about 0.3J11.

On the other hand, a styryl compound represented by the following 11ia formula (II) and a polycarbonate represented by the structural formula (Pl) are combined into 1
．． Dissolved in 2-dichloroethane, and in the resulting solution, C
After dipping the aluminum tube coated with GMN, the temperature was 8.
It was dried at 0'C for 1 hour to form a CTM layer with a thickness of 14 μm, thereby obtaining an optical latent image carrier OPC].

(T) (Pl) CH.

(2) Optical latent image carrier ○PC2 In the production of optical latent image carrier ○PCI, structural formula (Pl)
The optical latent image carrier 0
I got PC2.

Synthesis method of (P2) In a 500 ml separable flask equipped with a stirrer, 0.15 mol of compound (A) represented by the following structural formula was added, and 0.1 mol of phenol was added.
353 g, sodium hydroxide 16.8 g, water 23
Put 8m1. After heating and dissolving at 50°C, the mixture was cooled to 25°C and 147ml of methylene chloride was added.

Next, 19°1 of phosgene was added at 25°C with stirring.
g over 60 minutes.

Then trimethylbenzene ammonium chloride 0.
0342 g, sodium hydroxide 4.5 g, water 30 m
After adding 1, polymerization is carried out at 25° C. for 4.5 hours while stirring.

After the polymerization was completed, 360 ml of methylene chloride was added to dilute the mixture.
Wash by making it weakly acidic with hydrochloric acid, and then washing with water 5 times. The aqueous polymer solution is poured into methanol and coagulated, separated and dried at 100° C. and 1 m+aHg for 15 hours to obtain a white polymer.

(Compound A) (3) Photolatent image carrier ○PC3 In the production of photolatent image carrier 0PCI, structural formula (Pl)
Instead of the polycarbonate shown by the structural formula (P3
) Except for using the modified polycarbonate shown in
An optical latent image carrier 0PC3 was obtained in the same manner as PCI.

(P3) (4) Optical latent image carrier opcis In the production of the above-mentioned optical latent image carrier 0PCI, aluminum is vapor-deposited to a thickness of 100 mm instead of the aluminum base tube.
using polyethylene terephthalate of pm, and
A sheet-like latent optical image carrier 0PCIS was obtained by coating using a doctor blade instead of the dipping method.

(5) Optical latent image carrier 0PC2S In the production of the above-mentioned optical latent image carrier 0PC2, the above (4)
In the same manner as above, a sheet-like latent optical image carrier ○PC2S was obtained.

(6) Optical latent image carrier ○PC3S In the production of the above-mentioned optical latent image carrier 0PC3, the above (4)
In the same manner as above, a sheet-shaped latent optical image carrier 0PC3S was obtained.

(7) Optical latent image carrier ○PCIC In forming the CTM layer of the above-mentioned optical latent image carrier ○PCI,
The above ○P was used, except that a known polycarbonate (bisphenol A) shown by the following structural formula was used as a binder.
A photolatent image carrier ○PCIC was obtained in the same manner as in the production of CI.

(8) Optical latent image carrier 0PCIC3 In the formation of the CTM layer of the optical latent image carrier 0PCIS, a sheet-like optical A latent image carrier 0PCICS was obtained.

(Actual photo test) A fluidizing agent, hydrophobic silica rR-972J (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) was added to the above-mentioned toners Tl, tl, T2 and t2 and their resin particle powders A and B before spheroidization treatment. .4wt% externally added was used as a one-component developer, and the above-mentioned optical latent image carriers (OPCI to 0PC3 and 0PC
IC) as a photoreceptor, U-Bix 1200 (
(manufactured by Konica Corporation).

A photographic test was conducted in an environment of 20°C and 50R11%. The results are shown in Table 1.

In addition, a one-component developer is prepared by externally adding 0.4 wt % of a fluidizing agent to the toners Tl, tl, T2, and t2 described in 1 and their resin particle powders Δ and B before spheroidization. , using the latent image carriers (OPCIS-OPC3S and 0PCIC5) as photoreceptors, JIET-5
ETTERLASERPRINTER(C,ITOr(
′! I5), and an actual photographic test was conducted in an environment of 20°C and 508H%. The result.

It is shown in Table-2.

In the above-mentioned actual photography test, a photoreceptor and a developer were appropriately combined, and each combination was evaluated in terms of poor cleaning, durability, and developability as described below.

■ Poor cleaning After repeated formation of copied images, the surface of the latent image carrier immediately after undergoing the cleaning process was visually observed, and judgment was made based on the presence or absence of deposits on the surface of the optical latent image carrier. . The evaluation was "O" if the product was good with almost no deposits observed, and the number of copies in which the condition occurred was indicated if a large number of deposits were observed and there was a practical problem.

(2) Durability In the same manner as for the cleaning failure described above, the durability was visually observed and judged based on the presence or absence of cutting marks on the surface of the optical latent image carrier.

Note that the load (linear pressure) on the cleaning blade is U −
Bix 1200 is 30g/CIl, JET-
3ETTER was set to 35 g/an.

■Developability evaluation machine (U-Bix 1200. JET-3ET
TER), the solid black area was actually developed, and the machine was stopped before transfer. After the toner developed and adhered on the photoreceptor was collected, its weight was measured.

By dividing that value by the developed area, the amount of developed toner per unit area is determined.

If this value exceeded a certain standard value, it was determined to be good, and if it was below, it was determined to be poor.

Table-1 Table-2 As is clear from the results of the above actual photography test, the developer that has not been subjected to the 1-spherical processing (Test Nα1,2゜21.22
), due to its poor fluidity, from the early stage of the test,
The developability was below the allowable range, and without considering other cleaning properties and durability, it could not be used as a developer.

In addition, toner subjected to thermal spheroidization treatment (test NG
6, 8, 11, 12, 26, 28, 31°32) had good developability, but poor cleaning occurred.

In addition, for these, the load of the cleaning blade is 35g/■ for U-Bix 1200, and 35g/■ for JET-
When 5ETTER was evaluated by increasing it to 50 g/cm, the cleaning failure was resolved, but the photoreceptor was cut and the durability was significantly shortened.

On the other hand, toners subjected to mechanical spheronization treatment (Test NQ5, 7, 9, 10, 25, 27°29.30) had good cleaning properties, durability, and developability. .

Regarding the photoreceptors using bisphenol as a binder (test Nα3, 4, 23.24), the durability of both those subjected to thermal spheronization treatment and those subjected to mechanical spheronization treatment were low. It was bad.

From the above results, the latent photoimage carrier using an amorphous binder is superior in terms of durability compared to the photolatent image carrier using a crystalline binder such as bisphenol A. It can be seen that there is a problem in that defects are likely to occur. On the other hand, the above experimental results show that this problem can be solved by using the toner which has been subjected to the mechanical spheroidization treatment of the present invention. Therefore, by using the toner which has been subjected to the mechanical spheronization treatment of the present invention as a developer on an optical latent image carrier made of an organic optical semiconductor using an amorphous binder, durability can be improved.

It becomes possible to perform good development of an electrostatic image including cleanability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of an example of a surface treatment device used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a developing device constituting a developing system that can be used to carry out the developing method of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of another example of the surface treatment apparatus used in the present invention. 11... Raw material input valve 13... Product discharge valve 15... Rotating disk 17... Stator 19... Jacket 21... Thermometer 31... Developing sleeve 34... Scraper 36... ... Stirring screw 37 ... Hopper 39 ... Bias power supply 44 ... Development space 12 ... Raw material input chute 14 ... Product discharge chute 16 ... Blade 18 ... Recycle piping 20 ...・Casing 30...Light latent image carrier 32...Mabnet roll 35...Developer reservoir 38...Supply roller 42...Developer Figure 1 Applicant Konica Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Takao Sanshina (2 others) Figure 37 Hopper Figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An electrostatic image developing toner used as a developer in an electrophotographic recording device in which transfer residual toner is cleaned with a blade, the toner comprising: a resin powder as a component, which is subjected to an impact in a gas phase; A toner for electrostatic image development, characterized in that it is formed by spheroidization treatment by repeatedly applying mechanical energy mainly consisting of force, and is used as a developer for a latent optical image carrier composed of an organic optical semiconductor. . 2. Toner for electrostatic image development, which is formed by spheroidizing the component resin powder by repeatedly applying mechanical energy mainly consisting of impact force in a gas phase, is placed on a developer carrier. While being supported, the toner is transported to a developing space, and an electrostatic latent image formed on an optical latent image carrier made of an organic optical semiconductor is developed with the toner, and then the obtained image is transferred to paper. An electrostatic image developing method characterized by cleaning a photolatent image carrier by scraping off residual toner after transfer with a blade. 3. An optical latent image carrier made of an organic optical semiconductor and carrying an optical latent image; a developing means for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the optical latent image carrier; and a developing means for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the optical latent image carrier; After transcribing,
In an electrostatic image developing system equipped with a cleaning means for cleaning the photolatent image carrier by scraping off residual toner after transfer with a blade, the developing means applies a component resin powder to a component resin powder in a gas phase.
The toner is formed by spheroidizing the toner by repeatedly applying mechanical energy mainly consisting of an impact force, and a conveying means conveys the toner to a developing space while supporting the toner on a developer carrier. An electrostatic image developing system comprising: 4. The toner for electrostatic image development according to claim 1, wherein the resin powder contains a magnetic component. 5. The electrostatic image developing method according to claim 2, wherein the resin powder contains a magnetic component. 6. The electrostatic image developing system according to claim 3, wherein the resin powder contains a magnetic component. 7. The toner for developing an electrostatic image according to claim 1 or 4, the method for developing an electrostatic image according to claim 2 or 5, or claim 7, wherein the organic optical semiconductor uses an amorphous binder. 3. The electrostatic image developing system according to 3 or 6. 8. The organic optical semiconductor serves as an amorphous binder,
The toner for electrostatic image development according to claim 1 or 4, which uses any one of modified polycarbonate, polyarylate-containing compound, fluorine-containing polycarbonate, fluorine-containing modified polycarbonate, and fluorine-containing polyarylate compound, claim 2 or 5. the electrostatic image developing method described;
Alternatively, the electrostatic image developing system according to claim 3 or 6.