JPH0284622A - Photometer and camera provided with it - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To precisely expose a highly bright object by correcting a photometric value so that it becomes lower by a prescribed value or replacing it by a prescribed brightness lower than a prescribed brightness when the photometric value is higher than the prescribed brightness. CONSTITUTION:When the photometric value is higher than a first prescribed brightness, it is corrected so that it becomes lower in a first prescribed value, or it is replaced by a third prescribed brightness lower than the first prescribed brightness. When the photometric value is higher than a second prescribed brightness higher than the first prescribed brightness, it can be corrected so that it becomes lower by a second prescribed value higher than the first prescribed value. In addition, since a camera is provided with a means measuring a distance to an object, the correcting values can be changed according to the distance to the object. Thus, when the object is highly bright such as a snow scene, exposure is automatically and precisely corrected, therefore, the highly bright looking of the object can be reflected on a picture without the influence of light sources such as the sun.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a photometric device for measuring the brightness of a subject and a camera equipped with the same, and particularly relates to a photometric device and camera for accurately exposing a subject with extremely high brightness. . 11 Yao 1 Various photometering devices have been known that measure the light of a subject in order to properly expose the subject. Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, if photometric values are output so as to always provide proper exposure, the following problems arise. In other words, when photographing a very bright subject, such as a snowy scene or a person wearing white clothes on a sunny day, it is impossible to make the photo reflect the appearance of high brightness (reflect the whiteness of a white subject), and the image becomes extremely bright. Therefore, in order to reflect the appearance of high brightness in the photo, intentional exposure compensation based on the photographer's experience (in general, the appropriate amount of exposure compensation for white subjects is around +2Ev). ) was necessary. Additionally, it is easily affected by light sources such as the sun, and the main subject may be extremely underexposed. Therefore, when the photometric output exceeds a predetermined value, it may be possible to replace the photometric output with the predetermined value to solve the above problem. By the way, when a subject with standard reflectance is measured with a reflected light exposure meter, the brightness value is usually BvlO (indicating that the brightness is 10 at around ΔP ) is below. Therefore, in order to properly expose a subject with standard reflectance, it is necessary to set the predetermined value to at least Bvl 0 or more. On the other hand, the brightness of a white object with high reflectance is Habo, ByI
It ranges from O to Bvl2. Therefore, when the predetermined value is set to ByIO, the exposure correction amount for a white subject is set to O~+2 (Ev). For example, for a subject whose brightness is Bvll, +lEv
This means that exposure 1 has been corrected so that it is overexposed. By the way, as mentioned earlier, the appropriate exposure compensation amount for a white subject is around +2Ev, but in the above example,
The correction amount for a subject whose brightness is Bvl1 is +IEV
Therefore, the amount of exposure compensation becomes insufficient. In such a case, to increase the amount of exposure compensation, you can set the predetermined brightness low, but if you lower the predetermined brightness too much, you will end up applying exposure compensation even to subjects with standard reflectance. I don't really need jfi. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present invention provides a photometer and a camera that can accurately expose a high-brightness subject (reflect the appearance of high-brightness in a photograph), and can also properly expose a subject with a standard reflectance. The purpose is to provide In order to achieve this object, the photometric device of the present invention includes a correction means for correcting the photometric value to be lower by a first predetermined amount when the photometric value is higher than a first predetermined luminance; , if the photometric value is higher than the predetermined brightness of p141, the photometric value is changed to the first
The present invention is characterized in that it includes a replacement means for replacing the predetermined brightness with a third predetermined brightness lower than the predetermined brightness. JJL In the photometric device having this configuration, when the photometric value is higher than the first predetermined luminance, the photometric value is corrected to be lower by the predetermined amount of rjSl. Alternatively, the photometric value is replaced with a third predetermined brightness lower than the first predetermined brightness. Note that when the photometric value is higher than the second predetermined luminance that is higher than the first predetermined luminance, the photometric value is set to the first predetermined luminance.
It may be corrected to be lower by a second predetermined amount that is larger than . In addition, it may be equipped with a distance measuring means to measure the distance to the subject, and the amount of correction may be changed depending on the distance to the subject. The value may not be corrected. A camera embodying the present invention will be explained with reference to the Z1 drawing. This camera is a camera that can switch the focal length of the lens (38mm, 80mm), and can also be equipped with a teleconverter for telephoto shooting (corresponding to a focal pressure of 105I).

[Overall composition]

Figure 1 is an overall block diagram of a camera implementing the present invention.
be. In the figure, 1 is a microcomputer (hereinafter referred to as a microcomputer).
(abbreviated as controller) and controls the entire camera. 2 is a main switch discrimination means, which is a main switch (not shown).
When the switch is ON, the signal S0 is output to microcontroller 1.
Ru. When this signal S0 is output, shooting is possible.
Become. 3 is a release signal generating means, which is a release signal generating means (not shown).
When the button is pressed down to #11 stroke, the signal S
, and the release button is longer than the first stroke.
When pressed down to the second stroke, outputs signal S2.
. Therefore, when signal S2 is output, always
A signal Sl is being output. As described later, the microcontroller
1 starts photometry/distance measurement operation when signal S is input,
When the signal S2 is input, a photographing operation is performed. 4 is a forced light emission signal output means, which is a forced light emission signal output means (not shown).
When the switch is ON, a signal S11 is output. As described later, the microcomputer 1 inputs the signal Sfl.
And, regardless of the brightness of the subject, the 7-ray mode is always on.
16 to take a picture (flash photography),
5 is a light emission prohibition signal output means, which is a light emission prohibition switch (not shown).
When the switch is ON, a signal 5nfl is output. Described later
As shown, when microcomputer 1 inputs signal 5nfl,
Regardless of the brightness situation of the scene, always use 7-ray mode
6. Photographing is performed without emitting light (natural light photography). 6 is a focal length switching signal output means, which outputs a focal length switching signal (not shown).
When the release switch is turned on, a pulse is generated in synchronization with it.
A focal length switching signal SSt is output. Microcomputer 1 is
, when this signal Sst is input, the distance switching means 1
8 to switch the focal length of the photographic lens.
At the same time, the flash light distribution a change means 17.7
A signal is output to the switching means 19, and the flash light distribution and
The focus can be changed depending on the focal length.
let In addition, each switching means 17, 18, 19 is a well-known
The explanation will be omitted since it consists of the following means. Also,
The pulse width of the signal Sst is equal to the time required for these switches.
The duration is also short, and it takes a relatively long time (for example, 0.1 seconds).
). 7 is a teleconverter detection means, which connects the camera to a teleconverter.
Outputs the mounting signal Ste when the converter is mounted.
do. 8 is a back cover opening/closing detection means, which indicates that the back cover (not shown) is closed.
outputs a signal S back indicating whether or not the As will be explained later, microcontroller 1 starts with the back cover open.
When it detects that it has changed to the closed state, the film winds up.
A signal is output to the loading means 20, and the initial loading of the film is performed.
have them do the ding. 9 is a rewind signal output means, which indicates when the film is at the last frame.
If the tension is too high, or if the rewind switch (not shown) is
When turned ON, the rewind signal S "-" is output.
As shown in FIG.
A signal is output to the film rewinding means 21 to rewind the film.
have them do it. Each of the above means 2 to 6 and 9 is equipped with an unillustrated switch.
Switches are not limited to mechanical switches, but also electrical switches (e.g.
touch switch), optical (e.g. 7 otocoupler)
It may be configured with any kind of switch such as
, teleconverter detection means 7, and back cover opening/closing detection means 8.
Each detection is mechanical with movable parts, conductive
Electrical things used, light using 7-oto couplers, etc.
You can use any scientific or other method. 10 is a film sensitivity reading means, which is attached to the cartridge.
Read the film sensitivity from the formed DX code and
After converting this into APEX value, transfer the film to microcomputer 1.
Sensitivity information Sv is output. Further, the film sensitivity reading means 10 can be operated manually.
It has an operating member that outputs film sensitivity information.
Sv can be changed according to the photographer's intention.
. 11 is a charging detection means, which is installed in the flash device 1G.
The ext pressure of a main capacitor (not shown) is
Voltage required to generate light (for example, 300V)
Check whether the main capacitor is charged or not.
Voltage that allows the electric voltage to emit flash light
If it is, a fullness completion signal See is output. 12 is a distance measuring means, which receives a control signal C from the microcomputer 1;
TRL, within multiple ranging areas within the shooting screen.
Measures the shooting distance of the subject at , and outputs the distance measurement data Z
do. 13 is an external light type photometry means, which is controlled by the microcomputer 1.
Based on the control signal CTRL2 of the
Measures the brightness of the subject within the photometry zone and records the photometry data.
Output Bv. Regarding these two means 12.13
, which will be explained in more detail later. 14 is a lens driving means, which is output from the microcomputer 1.
The lens is driven based on the data received and focus adjustment is performed.
U6 15 is a shutter driving means, which is output from microcomputer 1
Based on the signal, a system that also serves as an aperture blade (not shown)
Open and close the shutter. The flash device 16 receives the signal S from the microcomputer 1.
A flash is emitted in response to x, and the boost control signal S
In response to dd, an external pressure circuit (not shown) is controlled. Note that each of the means 14 to 21 is a well-known means.
Therefore, detailed explanation will be omitted. [Overall Control 1] Next, the operation of the microcomputer 1 will be explained. Figure 1142 is a 70-chart showing the operation of microcomputer 1.
It is. When the power is turned on, microcontroller 1
Start the operation by following the chart. First, microcomputer 1 outputs a rewind signal Srw.
(#10), and the rewind signal Srs is output.
If it is, the process goes to #11 and the signal Srw is output.
If not, go to #15, go to #11, microcontroller
1 is a step-up to stop charging the main capacitor.
Outputs the control signal 5cid and stops the operation of the booster circuit.
Ru. After that, a signal is output to the film rewinding means 21,
Rewind the film (#12) and return to #10. Proceeding to #15, v I:7 N1 Ha, Ura-w Tano
Check the fjN tfl status and if the back door is open
Proceed to #20, and if the back cover is closed, proceed to #16, #
At step 16, microcomputer 1 checks the previous open/closed state of the back cover.
If the back cover was open last time, check if the back cover was closed.
It is judged that it is immediately after the
Then, proceed to #20. In #17, microcomputer 1
As in step 1, stop boosting the pressure, proceed to #18, and wind the film.
A signal is output to the raising means 20 to raise the initial position of the film.
After that, return to #10. Proceeding to #20, microcontroller 1 changes the state of the main switch.
Check the signal S, and if the signal S is output, proceed to #21 and
No. S1. is output and if it is not -1, the process proceeds to #28. In #21, microcontroller 1 is equipped with a teleconverter.
Check whether the signal Stc is output, and if the signal Stc is output.
Proceed to #22, and if the signal Stc is not output, #2
Proceed to step 3. In #22, microcomputer 1 controls the focus of the photographic lens.
Determine the point distance, and if the focal length is short focus (38I) @
If it is a long focal length (80mm), go to #24, then go to #2G.
Proceed to. As described above, the camera of this example uses telecom
When the converter is attached, the focal length of the photographic lens is
It is always set to the long focal length (80mm) side (described later).
Proceeding to #24, in #25, the focal point of the lens is
distance can be switched). By the way, short focal length photography
has a wider angle of view than long focal length photography, so
When the converter is installed, part of the screen may be vignetted.
There are things that happen. However, the camera of this example is a teleconverter.
When the converter is attached, it is always set to long focal length shooting.
vignetting due to the teleconverter does not occur.
. In #23, the microcomputer 1 uses a focal length switching switch (not shown).
Check the status of the switch, and check if the signal Sst is output and the signal is out #2.
Proceed to #4, and if signal Sst is not output, proceed to #26
Proceed to #24, the microcomputer 1, as in #11,
Stop pressurization. After that, proceed to @25 and microcontroller 1
The flash light distribution switching means 17 and the focal length switching means 1
8. Output a signal to the flashing switching means 19 and
Switch light distribution, focal length, and focusing. the
After that, the microcomputer 1 returns to #10 and continues processing. In addition
, as mentioned earlier, the signal Sst has disappeared at this time.
So, even if you keep the focal length switch on,
However, the focal length switching operation is not performed continuously.
stomach. Note that it is set immediately after changing the focal length.
A flag (for convenience, referred to as Fst) is set, and from #23
Is 7 lag Fst set on the way to #24?
Determine whether or not, and if 7 lag Fst is set, #2
4. Omit #25 and skip to #10, 7 lag Fs
I set Nagerepo 7 Lug Fst with t set.
You may proceed to #24 later. At this time, #23
If the signal Sst is not output at 7 lag F
After resetting st, proceed to #26. this
In this case, the focal length switching signal output means 6 is
While the focal length change switch (not shown) is ON, the signal S
It is also possible to continue outputting st. In #26, does microcomputer 1 output signal S?
If the signal S1 is output, it is #30 outside.
If the signal SI is not output, proceed to stirring 27.
In #271, microcomputer 1 is connected to the main capacitor.
Check the charging status of the main capacitor and make sure that the main capacitor is fully charged.
If the signal Sac is output, the process advances to #28 and charging is completed.
If it is not completed and the signal See is not output, #2
Proceed to 9. In #28, microcontroller 1 stops boosting the voltage as in #11.
and then return to #10. In #29, microcontroller 1
activates the external pressure circuit to charge the main capacitor.
To align the signal, output the signal Sdd, and then go to #10.
return. In #26, the signal S1 is output, that is,
In other words, the release button (not shown) is pressed to the first stroke.
When it detects that it has been lowered and proceeds to #30, microcontroller 1
, After stopping the boost, proceed to #32, #32 smell
Then, the microcomputer 1 switches the forced light-emission switch (not shown) and the light-emission switch.
Check and memorize the state of the light prohibition switch, and proceed to #34. Note that, as described later, in the camera of this example, forced firing is not possible.
The light emission prohibition signal 5nfl is output before the optical signal Sfl.
It is determined whether the
The person in the shadow is using a forced flash switch and a flash prohibition switch (not shown).
If you accidentally turn on and at the same time, natural light photography will not be possible.
By the way, the flash is usually prohibited.
Compared to stopping and taking pictures, it is better to use strong
It is more common to shoot with the 7 Latsushie flashing for some reason.
Therefore, if both signals 5fLSnfl are output
When the photographer selects the forced flash mode, the flash is disabled.
It is assumed that the stop switch was turned on by mistake, and a forced flash signal is issued.
Only Sf1 is output, and the light emission prohibition signal 5nfl! ! output
The forced flash switch and flash light are not included.
The state of the inhibit switch may be stored. In #34, microcomputer 1 reads film sensitivity.
Film sensitivity information Sv is input from means 10. and
, proceed to #36 to perform photometry and distance measurement operations, and #3
Proceed to step 8. In #38, the microcomputer 1 calculates the
Set the lens stop point Zs according to the shooting distance of the subject.
decide. After that, microcontroller 1 advances to #40 and multiple
Distance measurement data Z, lens stop point, and multiple photometry data
Exposure calculation is performed based on the data By, etc., and the shutter and
and flash control data. In addition, the above 3
Steps #36, #38, and #40 will be explained in detail later.
do. After completing the exposure calculation in #40, the microcomputer 1
Based on the results, determine whether it is necessary to emit light from 7 Lassie.
(#50), it is necessary to emit 7 rushes
If there is, microcontroller 1 proceeds to #52 and connects the main
Check the charging status of the capacitor and make sure that the main capacitor is fully charged.
If I had done so, I would have proceeded to #54 and stopped the boosting service.
Now, proceed to #56. Conversely, when the main capacitor is fully charged,
If not, microcontroller 1 advances to #53 and boosts the voltage.
After starting the operation, proceed to #58 (i.e., if the charge is not completed, proceed to #58.
Prohibit shirt release), and after #53,
You may ignore the unfilled warning. On the other hand, in #50,
If flash emission is not required, move microcontroller 1 to #56.
move on. In #56, the microcomputer 1 outputs the signal S2.
In other words, the photographer presses the release button (not shown).
Did you press down to the second stroke to perform the shooting operation?
judge whether When signal S2 is output, the
Con 1 proceeds to #60 and starts the shooting operation. At #56, if the signal S2 is not output, the master
Icon 1 advances to #58 and signal Sl is output.
In other words, the release button (not shown) is in the first position.
Determines whether the button remains pressed down to the low key. Then, if the signal S1 is output, the microcomputer 2 #
Return to #50, and if signal S is not output, go to #10
return. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, the IJ-Z
Press and hold the button up to r$1 stroke.
From the 1st point onwards, there is no AE lock from the 7 Orcus lock.
It will be done. In #56, it is detected that the signal S2 is output.
When proceeding to #60, microcomputer 1 first adjusts the focus.
In other words, the microcomputer 1 causes the lens driving means 14 to
Output the signal and set the lens stop determined in #38
Extend the lens to the point. Next, microcontroller 1 calculates the shutter and
The shunter is closed based on the control data of the
Time tc and 7 u/s until the light is emitted.
Set the time Ld at (#62). Note that when shooting with natural light, do not set the time td.
. Then, reset and start the built-in timer (
1$64) and the shutter drive means 15.
Outputs the motor open signal and starts the shank opening operation.
(#13 (3). After starting the shutter opening operation, the microcomputer 1
The time measured by the timer (measured value at 'M output second time) t is the above time
Check whether it is equal to 1c (#70). If L=tc, the microcomputer 1 uses the shutter driving means 1
Output the shutter close signal to 5 and close the shutter
(#72), and proceed to #74. If L≠tc, skip to #74. In #74
, microcontroller 1 determines whether or not flash photography is being used.
For flash photography, proceed to #75 for natural light photography.
If so, skip to #78. In #75, the microcomputer 1 determines that the timer time t is
Time (Check whether it is equal to d. If t=td
, the microcomputer 1 receives the signal Sx from the flash device 16.
Output and fire the 7-light beam (#7f3), #
Proceed to 78, if t≠tel in #75, #78
Skip to. In #78, microcomputer 1 completes shutter opening.
Determine whether or not. This judgment is based on the timing of the timer.
Whether the interval t is 2tc+α (α is a predetermined value)
This is done by detecting the Or, it turns ON when the shutter is completely closed.
Set up a switch and detect the state of this switch.
As a result of this judgment, shutter closing is completed.
If not, return to #70 and the shutter and 7ter closures are completed.
If so, proceed to #80. In addition, earlier, #70. In #75, microcomputer 11!
, determine whether t=tc or t=td.
Strictly speaking, microcontroller 1 must be the first ≧
tc, when t≧td, t= tc, t=
It is determined that it is Ld. Therefore, microcontroller 1 is
,-day, shutter close signal, bird outputs signal S×
After that, the shutter close signal and the bird output the signal S× again.
There's nothing to force. Also, strictly speaking, the microcomputer 1 is t
＞tc%↑＞td When the time t has elapsed, the shutter is
-ff1I signal, birds may output signal S×
. However, the processing speed of microcontroller 1 is fast enough, and the timer
Since the accuracy of the
The difference is negligible. When shutter closing is completed and the process goes to #80, microcomputer 1
outputs a signal to the lens driving means 14 to initialize the lens.
Bring it into position. Then, microcontroller 1
A signal is output to the film winding means 20, and the film for one frame is
(#85), and then fill in one frame.
When winding is completed or after the start of winding
time (required to finish winding one frame of film)
(for example, 3 seconds)
elapses (this means that the film is stretched out in the final frame)
This means that the signal Srs is the rewind signal output means 9.
output), the process returns to #10. The above is the overall control of the camera of this embodiment. According to this embodiment, the release button (not shown) can be pressed.
Continuously while pressing down and holding the second stroke.
The shooting light is turned on, but the signal S is output after #85.
a step of determining whether the signal S,
Changed so that it returns to #10 only when is no longer output.
It is also possible to provide a means to switch between continuous shooting and single shooting, and to switch between continuous shooting and single shooting.
You can return from #85 to #10 unconditionally at any time.
#10 only when the signal S is no longer output when photographing.
In this case, when shooting continuously,
You may also switch to natural light photography. In addition, in the camera of this example, when shooting with flash,
If the charging capacitor is not fully charged, the release slot
The check was not done, but I want to proceed from #53 to #5G.
Changed the charging of the main capacitor during the 7th photo shoot.
You can now perform the shooting operation even if the image has not been completed.
You can also do this. Note that even with this modification, in the camera of this embodiment,
As mentioned earlier, the main switch (not shown) is ON.
When the main capacitor is constantly being charged,
Therefore, the probability of inappropriate exposure is very small. [Photometry/Distance Measurement 1 Photometry> FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the photometry area of the photometry means 13. figure
As shown in , there are three screens approximately in the center of the shooting screen F RM.
There are pot photometry areas, C, and R, and the surrounding area is around them.
There is a photometry area OUT. These four areas, C, R,
The photometry area LMA is configured by OUT, and the photometry
The light receiving means shown in the figure below provided in the means 13 are
Area, C, R. Individually receives the light incident on OUT. And each light receiving
The brightness of the incident light is converted into an electrical quantity by means of
It is then logarithmically compressed and processed into a microcomputer as APEXfiBV.
Output to 1. The specific circuit configuration of the photometric means is
, is already well known, so the explanation will be omitted. Also, as is clear from the figure, the photometric area C. Mainly the light from the main subject S enters R, and the photometry
Light from the background mainly enters the region OUT. Note that in this example, light from the background is mainly incident.
There is only one photometry area, but the circumference i22 photometry area OUT
may be divided into multiple parts. Also, the light from the main subject S
There are three incident photometry areas, but two or four or more
It may be. <Distance Measurement> FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the distance measurement area of the distance measurement means 12.
As shown in the figure, there are five
The ranging areas Z1 to Z are arranged in a row. These five
The shooting distance of the subject within one distance measurement area is determined by the distance measurement method.
12 is measured by a well-known active method. stop
Then, the distance measuring means 12 determines that the measured shooting distance is as shown in Table 1.
detect which distance zone it falls into and
Output the zone number to microcomputer 1 as ranging data Z
. The specific configuration of the distance measuring means 12 is disclosed in the application filed by the present applicant.
The auspicious story shown in the patent application No. 63-20338
Omit the description. Of course, the already well-known act
It is also possible to use a distance measuring means based on a web type. Figure 5 shows #36, $ of the 70-chart shown in Figure 1.
38 is a flowchart showing a specific example of No. 38. First, the microcomputer 1 sends a control signal CTRL to the photometry means 13.
2 and starts photometry operation (#110). stop
Then, the microcomputer 1 controls each photometry area. Photometric data at R, OUT B vL B VC9B
Read vrtB vout (#120 to #150
). Then, the microcomputer 1 sends a control signal CT to the distance measuring means 12.
RL, and shoot the subject within the distance measurement area Z1.
Measure the distance and read the measured distance data Z (#21
0), and thereafter, the microcomputer 1 similarly selects the distance measurement area Z2.
Distance data z,,z at Z,,Z,−,Z,
,, z ,, z , are read (#220 to #25
0). The above is a specific example of #36. After that, microcontroller 1 starts measuring! Of the huge data Z, ~Z,
, the one with the shortest withdrawal distance, that is, the middle of Z~Z
Detects the zone with the largest number and selects that zone number.
The number is stored in register Zs (indicating the lens stop point).
(#3B), so in this example, the closest shooting distance is
Focus adjustment is performed on the subject that is the shortest distance away (nearest).
It will be done. By the way, distance measurement data in each distance measurement area Z1 to Z
Z1 to Z include measurement errors. In the camera of this embodiment, the center distance measurement area Z is used as a reference.
to adjust the distance measuring means 12, and other distance measuring areas z,
, z2. The output of z,,z, is the output of ranging area Z,
On the other hand, there is a maximum error of about 2 in the distance zone number.
. For example, the same subject or subject at the same shooting distance)
When distance measurement is performed, the output of each distance measurement area Z, to Zs may be as follows: Z = 12 Z2 = 11 Z, -1°Z, = 11 Z, = 12. In other words, each ranging area Z1~
For example, if the output of Z is: Z=6 z2=5 Z3=5 Z,=4 Z,=4, the true shooting distance is Z=4 Z2=4 Z,=5 Z4=3 Z, It is also possible that =2. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment,
When the difference between each distance measurement data is small, the center distance measurement area Z
The output of , is used preferentially. in particular
, ranging area Z, , Z2. The distance measurement data of Z,, Z, and
If the difference from the distance measurement data of the center area ゛Z is within 2
, the distance measurement data of the area (Z, in this example) that indicates the closest distance.
Measure the central area Z without using the data as the lens stop point.
The distance data is used as the lens stop point. This results in
Measure! The influence of large errors can be reduced. [Exposure calculation 1 Next, step #40 (exposure calculation) in Fig. 2
Explain an example. Overview> Figure 6 is a flowchart showing an overview of the exposure calculation routine.
It is. When proceeding to this routine, microcontroller 1 first performs the following steps.
Initialize flags, etc. (#1000), then
Microcomputer 1 receives the photometric data (Bvout) obtained in #36.
etc.) to determine the backlight detection level δ (#10
50), then the microcomputer 1 receives the AF data (lens
Top point) Find the shooting distance from Zs and find its APEX value.
Store it in register Dv (#1100), and then
Zone 1 defines the range of the proximity zone (described below) (#115
0). Then, the microcomputer 1 receives the distance measurement data z, z, .
Based on z,,z412% and AF data Zs, medium
The photometric data for determining the core photometric value AEc is
TaBv1. Please select from Bvc, *Bvr #12o
o) Calculate the center photometric value AEc ($1250);
After that, microcomputer 1 calculates the main subject photometric value Bvs.
(#1300), then microcomputer 1
-Determine the control value E v-control and set 7
Determine whether to use Tsushiyu or not, and 7 lag F "!
(#1400), and microcomputer 1
Rush photography (Frl=1), but natural light photography (Ff
Determine whether l=O) #1500), natural light photography
If so, return to the main program (Figure 2) and press 7.
For Latsushie photography, go to #1600, #1600
The microcomputer 1 determines the flash correction amount ΔEvfl.
Then, the aperture value indicates the timing of the 7-speed flash.
Find Avd (#1650), and microcontroller 1
, determine whether it is necessary to perform the calculation repeatedly.
#1700), if it is necessary to repeat the calculation, use #1
Proceed to 600, and if you don't have to repeat the calculation, you can
Return to the in-program (Figure 2). Explanation of each step> Next, we will explain each step of the 70-chart shown in Figure 6.
I will explain it in detail. "Initial Settings" In this step, the microcomputer 1
Reset the lag Ffl and shift counter 5HIFT (described later)
At the same time, the flash light l I v, maximum aperture
Value (aperture value corresponding to the minimum aperture diameter) Avma×, open
Aperture value Avo, maximum value of shutter movement range E vII
ax minimum value Evmin, camera shake limit value Evh
, a predetermined luminance value HL + r HL 2 (HL +
> HL 2, described later), shift amount e (described later), shift top
Set the limit number M (described later). Note that these values (shift
Except for the maximum number of hits M (), unless otherwise specified, APE
It is expressed as an X value. These values differ depending on the focal length of the photographic lens. For example, shooting at long focal lengths requires more power than shooting at short focal lengths.
The camera shake limit value Evh increases. Also, the focus
The maximum aperture value Av++ of the photographic lens changes according to the distance change.
Accordingly, the maximum aperture value A vIIax,
Maximum value Evain% of shutter movement range Minimum value E vm
ix also changes. Therefore, microcomputer 1
Set those values according to the focal length of the lens. In addition,
When the teleconverter is attached, as mentioned above, the shooting lens
The focal length of the lens is always set to the long focal length side, and
Even if you install a converter, the maximum aperture value etc. of the shooting lens will not change.
does not change, so each value above is the same as when shooting at close focus.
set to the value. Also, the signal SnN is not output and the flash is emitted.
is not prohibited, the minimum shutter range
The value Evmin is replaced with the camera shake limit value Evh (!
It will be done. Therefore, in the case of flash photography, the camera shake
This will not occur. [Determination of backlight detection level δ] As described later, in the camera of this embodiment, the peripheral photometry value
Difference between AEa, center photometry value, AEc, and backlight detection level
δ and thereby whether it is a backlit condition or not
is being determined. In this way, backlight conditions can be detected.
This has been done for a long time, but with conventional cameras,
Since the backlight detection level δ was fixed, the
A similar problem, α, had arisen. The light transmitted through the photographic lens, such as the camera in this example, is
For cameras with external metering that are not used, the focal point of the lens
The photometry area remains constant regardless of distance. Therefore,
When the shooting magnification is constant, that is, the area occupied by the shooting screen FRM is
The size of the subject S to be photographed is constant, or the focal length of the lens
When the value changes, the photometry area LMA for the shooting range changes.
It's going to change. This will be explained in more detail with reference to Figure 7.
Ru. In addition, in the same figure, (a) is a short focal length (standard)
When shooting, (1,) is when shooting at a long focal length (telephoto), (C)
shows when the teleconverter is installed, and
The magnification shows the same state. Also, (d), (e),
(r) is for telephoto shooting when the shooting distance is different.
, and (e) is better than (d) than (e).
7 (a) to (c) indicate that the shooting distance is shorter than that in standard shooting.
The metering i-range LMA is narrower than when shooting telephoto.
Therefore, during standard shooting, the surrounding area is more visible than during telephoto shooting.
The proportion of the main subject S in the partial photometry vA area OUT is large.
The difference between the peripheral photometric value AEa and the central photometric value AEc is
The difference is smaller during standard shooting than when shooting telephoto.
It ends up. In addition, the photometry area LMA when the teleconverter is installed is
The area will be wider than when shooting telephoto. Therefore, telecom
When the converter is attached, the peripheral photometry area is smaller than when shooting telephoto.
The proportion of the main subject S in the area OUT becomes smaller,
The difference between the peripheral photometric value AEa and the central photometric value AEe is the desired value.
It is larger when a teleconverter is attached than when shooting from a distance.
That's what happens. Also, as is clear from Figures 7(d) to (f), the same
Photography letter! ! ! (Telephoto shooting condition, standard shooting condition, or telephoto shooting condition)
even when the converter is installed), the distance of the main subject S (
The longer the shooting distance (shooting distance), the more the main subject S will be in the photometric range LMA.
C,
The proportion of the main subject S in H has become smaller.
Therefore, the center photometric value AEc is affected by the background brightness.
The peripheral photometric value AEa and the central photometric value AEe
The difference between them becomes smaller. Also, the center photometry area, C, and H are all covered by the main subject.
The area C and H are illuminated by light from the background.
The effects of crosstalk between each photometric element
Accordingly, the photometric value B vl in the open area, C and R,
B vc and B vr are affected by background brightness
Sometimes. The effect of this crosstalk between each photometric element is
, there is a light source such as the sun at OUT within the background peripheral photometry area.
It becomes larger when the background brightness is high. From the above, the backlight detection level δ is determined by the focal pressure of the lens.
Wl (shooting condition!/A), distance of main subject, peripheral brightness
Therefore, it is desirable to change the value. Therefore, in this example
In a camera, the backlight detection level δ is defined as the focal point distance of the lens,
Given by the main subject distance (shooting distance) and background brightness function δ = δ (focal length, shooting distance, background brightness)
ing. Note that in the camera of this embodiment, the peripheral photometric value AEa is
Peripheral photometric area 0 [Photometric value B at I T vout
, but if the peripheral photometry area OUT is divided into multiple parts
The average value and maximum value of multiple peripheral photometric values Bvout are
(the brightest value) and the minimum value (the darkest value),
Or around the average value excluding the maximum and minimum values.
The partial photometric value AEa may be used. Next, please refer to Figure 8 for a specific example of the backlight detection level δ.
I will explain. Figure 8 shows the relationship between the background brightness Bvout and the backlight detection level δ.
It is a graph showing the relationship, where A shows the reference value, B, C,
D is a backlight inspection taking into account the focal length of the lens and the main subject distance.
It is clear from Figure 1, which shows the corrected value of knowledge level δ.
As shown, the reference value of the backlight detection level δ is the background brightness Bvo
When ut is BvS, and = 1.5 Ev, and the background brightness
When degree 13vout is Bvl O, δ”1.25EV
be. Note that in this example, the telephoto shooting state is used.
, and the main subject z distance is greater than or equal to 1c and less than 2111.
When doing so, I try to take the reference value A. Also, as is clear from the figure, in the camera of this example, the back
The larger Jy and brightness BvouL, the higher the backlight detection level.
δ is made small. This allows you to see light such as the sun in the background.
Even if there is a source and the influence of cross-Fri becomes large, it will be reliable.
Backlight can be detected. In other words, when the background brightness Bvout increases, the cross
As a result, the peripheral photometric value AE
Since the difference between a and the center photometric value AEc becomes smaller, backlighting
If you do not change the detection level δ, backlight detection will not be accurate on the high brightness side.
It becomes impossible to pay for it. However, as in this example, backlight detection is performed on the high-brightness side.
The smaller the level δ, the greater the influence of crosstalk.
Backlight detection can be performed accurately even in the dark. Next, the backlight detection level as the focal length of the lens changes
The correction of δ will be explained. As mentioned earlier, the center photometric value
The difference between AEc and peripheral photometry value AEa is the same as when shooting telephoto.
It is small during standard shooting, and when equipped with a teleconverter.
growing. Therefore, to reliably detect backlight,
Comparing the detection level δ with the standard value A, it is small in the standard 1M shadow.
If a teleconverter is installed, it can be made larger. In the camera of this embodiment, the reference value AI:
During semi-photography, it is only 0.12SEv smaller (teleconverter
When installed, the reverse
Correcting the light detection level. Next, we will discuss the backlight detection level and the change in main subject distance.
The correction will be explained below. If the main subject distance is extremely short (for example, less than 1 yen),
The edge metering value AEa becomes lower due to the influence of the main subject.
(Note: Since we are talking about backlight detection, background brightness
is higher than the main subject brightness. Therefore, when the main subject distance becomes short, the peripheral photometry area OU
The proportion of the main subject S in T increases, and peripheral metering
The value AEa decreases. However, the center photometric value AEc is
Since it corresponds to the main subject brightness, the main subject distance becomes shorter.
(The center photometric value AEc does not change even if the center photometry value AEc is changed.) Therefore, the main cover
When the subject distance is extremely short, the center metering value AEe and the peripheral
The difference from the side photometric value AEa becomes smaller. Therefore, the main subject
When the distance is extremely short, reduce the backlight detection level δ.
is desirable. On the contrary, the main subject! ! When the distance is long, as mentioned above,
The difference between the center photometric value AEc and the peripheral photometric value AEa is small.
The longer the main subject distance is, the more
It is desirable to reduce the light detection level δ. Therefore, in the camera movement of this embodiment, the main subject distance is
If it deviates from the standard range (more than 1 city and less than 2v1), it will be backlit.
Decrease the detection level δ by 0.125Ev.
It is being corrected. To summarize the above, the shooting conditions (standard, telephoto, telephoto,
Fig. 8 shows the combinations of the main subject distance and
The graphs (A, B, C, D) of the backlight detection level δ shown
The relationship is shown in Table 2. Note that the method of determining the amount of correction is not limited to the method described above.
, change the absolute value between positive and negative corrections.
or when the main subject distance is longer than the standard range.
You can change the amount of correction depending on whether the
The amount of correction may be determined separately for different cases, or the background brightness Bv
Even if the relationship between out and backlight detection level δ is not linear,
You can often correct the backlight detection level as you like.
Wear. In addition, photometry is performed using the subject light transmitted through the photographic lens.
For cameras equipped with TTL metering, the shooting range F
The size of the photometry area LMA for RM depends on the shooting
It is always constant regardless of the focal length of the lens. However,
Therefore, if the TTL method is used as the photometry method,
The size of the main subject relative to the shooting range FRM is determined by the shooting lens.
Focal phase distance and shooting distance! (main subject distance)
It changes depending on the image magnification used. Therefore, the backlight detection level
δ is given by a function of image magnification and background brightness: δ=δ(image magnification, background brightness). Specifically, for example, the size of the main subject and the center metering
The image magnification is set so that the area sizes are approximately the same.
, the backlight detection level δ in this case is set to A shown in Figure 8.
Ru. And if the image magnification is smaller than the reference image magnification
, the center photometric value is more affected by the background brightness.
Taking this into account, the backlight detection level is set higher than the standard A.
Set to small C (see Figure 8). Conversely, if the image magnification is
If the image magnification is larger than the reference image magnification, the peripheral photometry area will be
Since the main subject occupies a larger proportion, the backlight detection level
The reference A and n are also set to a small C. Of course, the image magnification is further divided into backlight detection levels.
may be further divided into layers in a conventional manner. Also, the backlight detection level
The amount of correction from the standard value A of
It may be decided arbitrarily. “Determination of subject pressure #lDv” In this step, microcomputer 1 determines the distance to the main subject.
One example of calculating A P E X glD v of
In the camera, this value Dv is calculated in advance and recorded in the ROM.
Then, the microcomputer 1
(stop point) Zsl: The corresponding value Dv is ROlV
(Read from the distance zone, AF data (lens)
Specific examples of Zs and Dv values are shown in Table 1.
It is. “Determining proximity zone range” As in the camera of this example, in the i11 distance area of multiple degrees,
When using distance measurement, even if you are measuring the same subject,
However, the discharge measurement data may differ depending on the distance measurement area.
. This is because there are variations in distance measurement errors for each distance measurement area.
or the distance measurement data may differ due to the depth of the subject.
This is caused by Therefore, in this embodiment, each distance measurement data is compared.
, even if the values are different, they are actually the same subject.
(In this example,
is within the distance measurement error range, or the distance difference is 15%.
If it is within the range, it is determined that the subject is the same). stop
Therefore, in this specification, it is assumed that the same subject is being measured.
Define the distance zone range to be used as the proximity zone range.
Ru. Next, we will discuss the specifics of the proximity zone range in the camera of this example.
Explain how to make a decision. First, including the lens stop point Zs, due to distance measurement error.
Consider the first zone range in which distance measurement data varies. this
The zone range is expressed as a function of the lens stop point Zs: Zf+(Zs)-Zn,(Zs). However, Zf, (Zs) are the far side limits, Z
n, (Zs) indicates the near-individual limit, and Zf, (Zs)≦Zs≦Zn, (Zs). Next, include the lens stop point Zs and adjust the depth of the subject.
Therefore, consider the second zone range where the distance measurement data varies.
. As is clear from Table 1, the shooting distance is short (ZQ is
(Large) The range of the distance zone becomes narrower. Therefore,
The shorter the p5 distance, the greater the variation in distance measurement data.
Ru. Therefore, the second zone range is also the lens stop point Z
It is expressed as a function of s. That is, the second zone range
The enclosure is expressed as Zf2(Zs) −Zn2(Zf1)
It will be done. However, Zf2(Zs), Zn, (Zs) are
Same as zone range 1, far side limit and near side limit respectively.
, and Z fz (Z s)≦ Zs≦ Zn: (Zs)
. In the camera of this embodiment, these first. Second zone range
The union of these is the proximity zone range. In other words, the proximity zone range of the camera in this practical example is
, Z f (Z s) - Z n (Z 5) Z f (Z s)
= ll1n [Zf, (Zs), Zf2(Za)]Z
n(Zs) = may [Zn, (Zs), Znt(Z
s)], here win(a, b), wax(a,
b) Ha, Tsuretsure, whichever is not larger or smaller of a+b
Show which one is not. Finally, the proximity zone range of the camera of this example is
It is shown in Table 1 and in Figure tpJ9. Figure 9
In , Tsumugi Maki has a zone number that indicates the distance to the main subject, and a vertical axis.
is the zone number indicating the adjacent zone range, and the shaded area, and
and a boundary line at each lens stop point Zs1. :St close
It shows the contact zone. As is clear from Table 1 and Figure 9, the main subject distance is short.
As the distance increases, the proximity zone range expands. Note that in this embodiment, the adjacent zone range is the zone number
Since it is expressed as , it is discrete. In other words, no
It is changing continuously. Especially on the long distance side, one
Since the distance range indicated by the zone number is wide, the zone number
However, the proximity zone range has changed significantly.
. When using a highly accurate ranging method, the distance zone
Since the number can be increased, even on the long distance side,
It becomes possible to calculate distance more accurately, and one zone
The range indicated by the number can be narrowed, so
It is now possible to continuously change the proximity zone vi.
Ru. [Selection of candidates for center photometry value AEc] The camera of this embodiment has three spot photometry areas L, C,
R, but their spot photometric values B vlIB v
c, B Not all VRs correspond to the main subject.
However, some spot metering values correspond to the background.
Sometimes. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, the distance measurement data is
The respective spot photometric values B vl, B
Whether Ve, B VR is compatible with the main subject
The center photometric value AEc is determined accurately. First, each distance measurement data Z, ~Z for the five photometry areas. , check if they are within the proximity zone range.
Bell. If the distance measurement data is within the proximity zone range mentioned above,
If so, the distance measurement data is considered to be that of the main subject.
spot metering that corresponds to the distance measurement area.
The spot m light value of the area is compared to the photometric value corresponding to the main subject.
think. By the way, in the camera of this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
As such, the distance measurement area and the human/bot photometry area are not one-to-one.
Since they are not compatible, it is necessary to consider how to map them.
In some cases, the nearest spot for each ranging area is
You can select one metering area, or select one metering area from each metering area.
All or several nearby spot metering areas
In this example, tj410 figure (b) may be selected.
As shown in , the distance measurement area and photometry area are made to correspond.
ing. In other words, the distance measurement area Z is a spot photometry area.
On rear R, distance measurement area Z2 is spot metering area R and C.
, the distance measurement area Z and the distance measurement area are placed in the spot metering area C.
The rear Z4 has spot metering areas C and L, and distance metering area Z.
, corresponds to the spot photometry area L. Regarding photometry area selection, the specific operation of microcontroller 1 is explained below.
This will be explained with reference to FIG. Figure #E11 shows the subroutine [center measurement] in Figure 6.
70-chart showing "selection of candidates for light value AEc"; When proceeding to this routine, the microcomputer 1 first sets the flag O.
Reset r, Uc, Ul (#2100-12]2
0), these 7 lags Ur, Ue, and 1 are center photometry
When calculating the value AEc, photometry in the photometry area R1C9L
When the values B vr, B we, B vl are adopted
, are set respectively. Next, microcomputer 1 moves to the rightmost ranging area Z1.
distance measurement data Z1 is within the proximity zone range mentioned above.
Determine whether the First, microcomputer 1 uses the distance measurement data.
Compare L(#
2200), z, <zr"c', that is, distance measurement
The subject within area Z1 must be farther away than the main subject.
If so, proceed to #225o, and if Z, ≧zr, +r, #22
Proceed to step 10, and in #2210, microcomputer 1 performs distance measurement.
Compare the data Z and the near limit Zf of the near zone range.
#2210), Z, > Zn, that is, the distance measurement error
Rear Z, if the subject inside is closer than the main subject
, proceed to #2250, 2. If ≦Zn, that is,
The subject within distance measurement area Z is the same as the main subject.
If so, proceed to @2220. In #2220, the microcomputer 1 determines the center photometric value AE.
When calculating e, the photometric value Bvr in the photometric area R is used.
To indicate that
Go to 0. When proceeding to 92250, My Fun 1 receives the distance measurement data Z.
Check whether it is within the proximity zone #2250
．． #2260), if Zf≦22≦Zn, 7 lag U
r, Ue set $2270. $2280), @2
Proceed to 300, and then proceed in the same manner as U-shin, Ul-7/T-
I'll give you a reset. Note that, as a matter of course, the lens stop point Zs is Zf
Since ≦Zs≦Zn is satisfied, 7 lag Ur. At least one of Ue and Ul is set. "Determination of Center Photometry Value AEc" Next, we will explain how to determine the center photometry value AEe.
, C, L photometric data B Vr+ B Ve,
The average value AEcave of B vl is the central photometric value AEe.
However, when the subject is backlit, the center will be adjusted depending on the position and size of the main subject.
The partial photometric value AEc is determined. First, we will explain how to determine the center photometric value AEc during backlighting.
explain. Backlighting of the photometry means 13 used in the camera of this embodiment
FIG. 12 shows an example of the photometric values at this time. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the main subject relative to the center of the shooting screen.
It shows the position of the body, and the further to the right (left) in the diagram, the more
Indicates that the subject is located to the right (left). vertical axis
is each spot measurement for the true main subject brightness B V2O.
It shows the light value, and the higher up in the figure the brightness of the main subject is.
It becomes brighter than degree B V”iQ.In addition, in the figure, Bva
o is true back! Indicates brightness. As is clear from the figure, each spot metering value is
The error is greatest when is in the center of each spot metering area.
If the main subject is far from the center of the spot metering area,
The error increases as the value increases. For example, inside the main subject
The heart position is photographed! If it is located at Xo to the left of the center of the circle,
Uc=UI=1. If Ur=o, it corresponds to the main subject
The spot photometric values are B vc (A, Q, ) and Bvl
(Point B). As is clear from the figure, spot metering
Error of photometric value BVI in area L (B vl-B
vs*) is the photometry value By in the spot photometry area C
It is larger than the error of e (B vc - B vso). Therefore, in the case of backlighting, the spot corresponding to the main subject
Even if there are multiple photometric values, use their average value as the main subject.
It is not appropriate to think of it as brightness, but rather as a function of multiple spots.
It is better to consider the minimum value of the photometric value as the main subject brightness to reduce the error.
It has little impact and is appropriate. However, even though it is the minimum value, an error remains, so
It is necessary to further correct the error. This error is small (main subject distance, background and main subject distance)
Since it varies depending on the brightness difference, spot metering area, etc.
Consider the error function E E = E (distance II, brightness difference, photometry area) and select it first.
Further correct the selected minimum value. By the way, the photometry means used in the camera of this example
13 is an external light type, so the focal length of the photographic lens may be affected.
However, the acceptance angle remains constant. On the other hand, the photographic lens
In the TTL method, which measures light using the light that has passed through the
varies depending on the focus distance of the lens. Therefore, TTL
Adopting the method (if it is -, the error is not a function of the separation!!
, is a function of image magnification, and the error function E is expressed as E=E (image magnification, I'11 degree difference, photometry area).
Ru. In other words, the external light method as in this embodiment, and the TTL method.
The error functions have slightly different properties. But eventually
In any case, the error function E is based on the proportion of the main subject in the shooting range.
brightness difference between the background and main subject, and the metering area.
It must be a function. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
The area occupied by the main subject is quite large relative to rear R, C, and L.
In the large case, the error mentioned earlier becomes much smaller,
Correction of photometric values is rarely necessary, so this example
With cameras, the main subject's focus on the spot metering area is
Determine whether the occupied range is large and apply the result to
The photometric values are corrected accordingly. Specifically, in the camera of this embodiment, the following steps are performed.
The main subject occupies a large area in the spot metering area.
It determines whether the sound is heard or not. First, the spot metering area
Most (or all) of A L, C, and R correspond to the main subject.
Determine whether the This judgment will be explained later.
Of the 7 lags UUc, Or, the set flag
This is done by counting the numbers. Then those spots
Variation in photometric values B vl, B Ve, B vr
If the variation is small, the range occupied by the main subject is
The area is judged to be quite large compared to the spot metering area.
Ru. This variation is determined by determining the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of photometric values.
done by comparing at least two of the values
. Next, how to determine the center photometric value AEc in the case of front lighting.
Explain the law. In front lighting, unlike in backlighting, the spot
Although the photometric value is not affected by the effects of back tC luminance etc.
, errors may occur due to the influence of the reflectance of the subject being photometered.
Therefore, it is not appropriate to use a single spot brightness value. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, all
Subon (photometric values B vr, B vc, B vl)
Let the average value AE cave be the central photometric value AEc.
Ru. In addition, the center photometric value AEc in front light is
Not limited to the average value of spot metering values, but multiple spot metering values
Any value that is representative of the current value is sufficient; for example, spot metering
The average of the maximum and minimum values (i.e., the spot measurement
The center photometric value AEc may be used as the center photometric value AEc.
In addition, the average value excluding the maximum and minimum values is the central photometric value AE.
c, and in this case, the variation of spot photometry values
It is possible to suppress the effects of sticking. Additionally, multiple spots
Among the set photometric values, within a certain range including that value (and
For example, 0.2EV-+〇, 3Ev) measurement
Find the value with the largest number of light values, and use that value as central photometry.
It may also be the value AEc. Specific center photometric value AEc of the camera of this example
Please refer to the 70-chart shown in Figure 14 for how to find
The theory is B. Microcontroller 1 is first of all #310Q″C type.
Average value of spot photometric values for use AEcave=
Find (B vl+ B vc+ B vr)/3
. By the way, the three spot photometric values are, as mentioned earlier,
Check whether each object corresponds to the main subject based on distance measurement data.
(See Figure 12)
The result can be found by examining the states of the 7 lags Ur, Uc, and Ul.
. Therefore, the flag is 1 (set)
The spot metering value corresponding to the distance measurement area is used only.
It is also possible to calculate the average value of the pot photometric values. deer
However, in this case, only one photometric value is
Sometimes used, in which case the reflectance of the subject
Therefore, it is difficult to measure the central part in front light.
The light value is not very appropriate. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, in #3100,
, 7. Regardless of the state of Ur, Uc, and UI, the
Find the average value AEcave using two spot photometric values.
ing. Note that the number of sponge photometric values that correspond to the main subject is
Yes, when the number is less than a predetermined value (for example 2) (for example
1), calculates the average value of all spot photometry values in order.
The center photometric value at the time of light, and when it is above the specified value (for example)
For example, when the number is 2 or more), select the spot corresponding to the main subject.
The average value (or other representative value) of only the set photometric values is
It is also possible to use the center photometric value when the light is shining.Do this.
This allows you to reduce the influence of the subject's reflectance.
At the same time, the central light metering value in front light is adjusted to make the main subject brighter.
It can be made to correspond to the degree. When calculating the average value AEcave of the spot photometry values,
Icon 1 has three spot photometric values B Vr+ B V
Of CIBvl, the spot measurement corresponding to the main subject
In addition to counting the number of light values Ns, it is also used for backlighting.
Therefore, find the minimum value AEcmin among them. First, microcomputer 1 assigns 0 to Ns in #3110.
. In #3115, assign an appropriate initial value to AEcwin.
Ru. This initial value may be a preset value (for example,
, a large value that is actually impossible) may be used.
Alternatively, the average value AEcaνe may be used. In addition
, it goes without saying that this minimum value AEc theory i
n is always the photometric data B vl, B in a later step.
It will be replaced by either Ve or B vr.
Become. Next, microcontroller 1 is #3120 and has 7 lag Ur.
Check if it is 1, if 7 lag Llr is 1
Proceed to #3122. 7 If lag Ur is not 1,
Proceed to #3130. In #3122, microcomputer 1
Increment the value of counter Ns by 1. Next, proceed to #3125.
Subo 7) Spot photometry value Bvr of photometry area R at the time of
Compare and AEcmin e Bvr< A Ecm
If the number is i, microcontroller 1 advances to $3128.
, replacing the value of the minimum value AEcmin with the photometric value Bvr,
Proceed to @3130. When Bvr≧AEcmin in #3125,
, skip to #3130. Hereinafter, similarly i; shi, counter Ns% minimum value AEcII
Set IIn (#3130-#3148). Next, in order to determine whether it is backlit or frontlit, microcontroller 1 issues #
At 3150, the peripheral photometric value AEa to AEc+a in
Find the value ΔB+□ by subtracting . #31 In GO, Maiko
In step 1, the difference ΔBv and the backlight detection level δ are compared, and the difference ΔBv is compared with the backlight detection level δ.
When Bv is backlight detection level 6 or higher (ΔBv≧δ), the camera
It is determined that icon 1 is backlit and the process proceeds to #3170. difference
When Bv is smaller than the backlight detection level (ΔBv<δ),
Then, microcontroller 1 judges that there is direct sunlight and proceeds to #3165.
nothing. Next, the microcomputer 1 controls the main exposure for the spot photometry area.
Determine the size occupied by the subject. First, in #3170,
Microcomputer 1 checks whether the count value Ns is 3.
When the count value Ns is 3, that is, there are three steps.
When all point metering values correspond to the main subject,
Proceed to #3175. If not, proceed to #3178.
nothing. In #3175, microcomputer 1 calculates the spot photometry value.
In order to determine the variation, the average value AE of the spot photometric values is
The difference between AEcmin and the minimum value AEcmin (AE cav
e-AEcmin) and the difference is less than 0.5.
Sometimes I 318 (proceed to 3, otherwise #31
Proceed to 78. From the above, in the camera of this embodiment, #
31 Proceed to GS and see that it is necessary to correct the photometric value due to backlighting.
If correction is not necessary, go to #317i'l.
It will proceed to #3180. It is backlit and there is no need to correct the photometric value #31
When the process advances to 80, the microcomputer 1 sets the center photometric value AEc to the maximum value.
Small value AEcminl: After setting, the original 70-char
Return to (Figure 6). Backlit and minimum value
If AEcmin needs to be corrected and you proceed to #3178
, the microcomputer 1 sets the center photometric value AEc to the minimum value AEc1.
The value obtained by subtracting 1 (Ev) from 11in (A Ecmin
-1). In other words, in the camera of this example,
, to simplify the process, the error function E is defined as [shadow distance, brightness
It always takes a constant value of 1 regardless of the degree difference or photometry area.
It is set to . Of course, as mentioned earlier, shooting distance, brightness difference, photometry
The correction amount E may be varied depending on the rear. Center side light value A
After setting Ec, the original 70-chart (Figure 6)
Return to hell. In addition, the correction IE can only be used for shooting distance, brightness difference, and metering area.
Instead, multiple (three in this example camera) spots
It may be determined in detail according to the photometric value; in this case,
There is no need to judge whether correction is necessary or not, so #3
170. The #3175 stamp may be omitted. In the case of front lighting, if you proceed to #3165, microcomputer 1 will be located in the center.
The photometric value AEc is set to the average value AEcave, and the original 70
- Return to the chart (Figure 6). In addition, #3170. #3175 requires no correction.
Even if it is determined that there is, correction is strictly necessary.
Therefore, at $3180, from when correction is necessary
You can also make small corrections. For example, [at 180,
$$3178 (The correction amount is smaller than IEv>
positive 110.25Ev) AEc"AEcmin-0,25. [Determination 1 of main subject photometric value B1.S] Next, in the camera of this embodiment, main subject brightness Bvs
Explain how to find. In addition, in the case of front lighting and back lighting,
Since the processing methods are different, we will explain each case separately.
Ru. ) In front light, basically, the peripheral photometric value AEa and the central photometric value AEc
Let the weighted average value of the main subject brightness BVS be the main subject brightness BVS. sand
That is, the main subject brightness Bvs is expressed by the following equation 8%. As mentioned earlier, when the sun is shining,
AEc-AEcave. As mentioned earlier, the focal point Il! of the photographic lens! Taken by distance
Shadow range F RM l: Peripheral photometric value 1) TOUT
and the size of spot photometry areas L, C, and H are different (the
(See Figure 7) Therefore, it is not appropriate to uniformly determine the constant -.
do not have. The shooting lens is standard shooting! ! ! (short focus side)
When shooting, even if the peripheral metering area is OUT, the shooting range F
The size relative to RM is quite small (in the horizontal direction
The shooting range will be about 1773 F RM.
Then, when it comes to spot metering areas L, C, and R,
It becomes very small compared to the range FRM. However,
Therefore, in standard shooting, the constant value is used as the peripheral photometry value AE.
It is necessary to set a value such that the weight of a becomes heavy. vice versa,
When the teleconverter is installed, the peripheral photometry area OUT is
The shooting range is approximately the same size as F RM, and spot measurement is possible.
The light areas L, C, and R are also 1/1 of the shooting range FRM in the left and right direction.
Since it is about 3, the center photometric value AEc has a certain weight.
It is necessary to take it seriously. In this way, the peripheral photometric value AEa and the central photometric value AEc
By changing the weight of
Even with a photometric device, it seems that the apparent acceptance angle has changed.
effect can be obtained. Note that this idea applies to bifocal cameras like the one in this example.
It can also be applied to zoom cameras, etc.
be. Next, regarding exposure control at high brightness (ByIO or higher),
Let's consider this with reference to Figure 15. Figure 15 is a graph showing the relationship between brightness value and exposure compensation value.
The horizontal axis shows the brightness value and the vertical axis shows the exposure compensation value. A subject with standard reflectance was measured using a reflected light exposure meter.
The luminance value in this case is almost ByI O even on a clear day.
below, and (in rare cases, ByIO may be reached)
. On the other hand, white objects with high reflectance are Habo, Byl O
~Bvl 2. In addition, snowy scenery on sunny days and thick
When affected by light sources such as the sun, B
It may also show a value of yl 2 or more. By the way, conventional exposure control is as shown in Figure 15.
uni, one that controls the brightness to an appropriate level regardless of the brightness value (
a), and for brightness values greater than a predetermined brightness value, the predetermined
(b) is controlled by assuming that it is equal to the brightness value.
It is being However, according to the former control, high-brightness objects cannot be photographed.
Even if you take a photo, the high brightness is not reflected in the photo and it looks unnatural.
I feel like I'm missing 4. Therefore, the photo looks bright and bright
In order to reflect the
Exposure compensation was necessary. Also, the influence of light sources such as the sun
In situations where the main subject is extremely underexposed,
There were many cases. On the other hand, according to the latter control, unlike the former, the influence of the light source is
However, the following problems arise:
. As mentioned earlier, the brightness of an object with standard reflectance is
Although it is very rare, ByIO may be reached.
, in order to properly expose a subject with standard reflectance.
, it is necessary to set the predetermined brightness value to ByI 0 or more.
. As mentioned earlier, the white subject is Habo, Byl O
~ Bvl 2, so set the predetermined value to BVI O.
In this case, the amount of exposure compensation for a white subject is
For example, if the brightness is B
For a white subject with vl 1, the exposure is turned off by +IEv.
This means that the bar has been corrected. By the way, the amount of exposure compensation for a white subject is generally
It is said that around +2Ev is appropriate. therefore
, with a white subject whose brightness is Bvl 1 as described above.
, the amount of correction will be insufficient. In such cases, compensation
To increase the positive amount, the predetermined brightness value must be lowered.
However, if the predetermined value is set too low, the subject will have a standard reflectance.
This is not appropriate as it results in applying exposure compensation to the
No. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, high brightness (BVIO or higher)
), from the first predetermined brightness value and the first predetermined brightness value.
and a second predetermined brightness value that is smaller than the first value.
When the fixed brightness value is exceeded, the exposure is controlled at the second predetermined brightness value.
(Figure 15(c))
This allows you to obtain high exposure without changing the range in which you can get the correct exposure.
Conventionally, for bright subjects, a large exposure compensation value is applied.
can be used to properly expose objects with standard reflectance.
At the same time, it is possible to reflect the appearance of high brightness.
This has the effect of In addition, in order to obtain this effect, the photometric value is set to a first predetermined brightness.
the first predetermined value (e.g. BvlO) is exceeded.
Even if the exposure is compensated by 1 (for example, IEv) to the over side,
Good (Figure 15(d)). Furthermore, the photometric value is the first predetermined brightness.
A second predetermined brightness that is higher than the brightness value (for example, Bν10)
value (for example, Bvll), the first
a second predetermined amount greater than the predetermined 11 (eg, IEv);
(For example, adjust the exposure by 2Ev)
(Fig. 15(e)); however, the distance of the subject may be
Estimate the situation of the subject and apply correction 1 accordingly.
The correction amount may be changed or the correction amount may be set to O. The above is how to determine the main subject photometric value Bvs in front light.
It is the law. 1) In order to avoid background brightness when backlit, set the center photometry value AEc to the main subject.
Let body brightness be Bvs. That is, Bvs=AEe
. Next, the main subject brightness Bvs in the camera of this example is
A specific example of how to obtain the 70-char shown in Figure 16 is
This will be explained with reference to the following. First, the microcomputer 1 determines the brightness difference ΔBV (first
4 (see Figure 4 $3150) and the backlight detection level δ,
If ΔBv≧δ, that is, in the case of backlighting, proceed to well 4120,
If ΔE3v<δ, that is, in front light, proceed to #4150
. Then, in the case of front lighting, the microcomputer 1 changes from #4150 to #
4190, the weights of AEa and AEc are determined. In the camera of this embodiment, the shooting condition (focal point l of the shooting lens)
l! (difference in distance) and the lens corresponding to the distance of the main subject
By the stop point Zs, the weight is changed to the peripheral photometric value AEa.
The ratio of the center photometric value AEc is set to one of the following.
. Microcontroller 1 has a teleconverter in #4150.
Check if the teleconverter is installed.
(When 7 lag Ftc is set)
) goes to $4155, and when it is not installed and °・1 (7
If lag Ftc is set (if not 1) then #4170
Proceed to. # In 4155, microcomputer 1 has Z-+≧2
Check whether ZS≧2, that is, Zs≠1.
If so, proceed to #4160 and check if Zs<2, that is, Zs=1.
Then proceed to #4190. As will be described later, if you proceed to #, 4190, the peripheral photometry value will be displayed.
The amount of AEa is increased, but this may be difficult if the main subject is far away.
Is it more appropriate to consider it as part of the background?
It is et al. In #4160, microcomputer 1 sets N=1 and performs peripheral measurement.
The weight ratio of the light value AEa and the center photometric value AEc is set to 1:1.
do. In other words, the shooting range BF when the teleconverter is installed
Considering the relationship between RM and photometry range LMA (see Figure 7(c)).
Considering this, a large weight is also given to the center photometric value AEc.
There is. After setting N, proceed to #4200. In #4170, microcomputer 1 has a long focal length of the lens.
Check if it is on the focal point side, and if it is on the long focal point side (7 la.
(If Ftele is set) Proceed to #4175
, if it is on the short focal length side (7 lag Ftee is set)
What (if) #41901 = Proceed. In #4175, the microcomputer 1 selects a car whose Zs≧3.
If Zs≧3, proceed to #4180 and check Z
s<3t, that is, Zs=1 *! When Zs=2
Proceed to #4190. As mentioned earlier, this is the main subject.
is far away and is better considered part of the background.
This is because that. @4180, microcontroller 1 sets N=2, and peripheral photometry value
Set the weight ratio of AEa and center photometric value AEc to 3:1.
. As is clear from Fig. 7(b) and (c), the telephoto state
So, compared to when the teleconverter is installed, the photometry range L M A
The size of the shooting screen F RM is smaller for 1m.
Then, the weight of the peripheral photometric value AEa is calculated using a teleconverter device.
Make it a little bigger than when you arrived. After setting N, proceed to #4200. In #4190, microcomputer 1 sets N=3 and performs peripheral measurement.
The weight ratio of the light value AEa and the center photometric value AEe is set to 7:1.
do. As mentioned earlier, when in standard shooting conditions, or
Because the main subject is far away, it is considered part of the background.
Proceed to #4190 only if it is better to do so. Standard shooting
As is clear from Figure 7(a), when the measurement
Light area LMA is shooting range 1! ! Compared to FRM
It becomes very small, and most of the photometry area LMA is used as the main subject.
will come to dominate. Therefore, with the camera of this embodiment, in such a case, the surrounding
The weight of the partial photometric value AEa is increased. When proceeding to @4200, microcontroller 1 executes the previous step (#
4160. #4180. #4190) Peripheral measurement determined by
Main subject based on the weight of light value AEa and center photometry value AEc
Calculate the body brightness B, vs. In addition, as mentioned earlier, the book
In the camera of the example, in front light, AEc=A Ecav
e, but this allows for differences in the reflectance of the main subject.
It is possible to reduce the influence of After finding the main subject brightness Bvs, proceed to #4210 and
Icon 1 has the main subject brightness Bvs and the first predetermined high brightness.
Compare the brightness value HL, (for example, BvlO), and
If ≧HL, proceed to #4220 and check if Bvs<HL+.
Then, return to the 70-chart shown in FIG. #422
0, the main subject brightness Bvs is set to a first predetermined brightness value HL,
A second predetermined brightness value HL 2 (e.g. Bv
9) and revert to the 70-chart shown in Figure 6.
turn on. That is, in this example, as shown in Fig. 15(e)
We are currently making corrections. On the other hand, if it is backlit and proceeds to #4120, microcontroller 1 will
Substitute the value of the center photometric value AEc for the main subject brightness Bvs
Ru. As mentioned earlier (see Figure 14), in this case the center
The value of the partial photometry value AEc can be set using AEwin or (AEmi
-1), then the flowchart shown in Figure 6
Return to. Note that the control at high brightness in front light is limited to long distances.
This is shown in FIG. 17 as a modified example.
Add step #4215 to the part inside the dotted line in Figure 6.
The other steps are omitted. In #4215, microcomputer 1 determines the lens stop point.
Determine whether Zs is Zs=1, and if Zs=1
Proceed to #4220 and check that Zs≠1, that is, Zs≧2.
If so, just return to the flowchart shown in Figure 6.
Turn on. In other words, in this variant, frontlit, high brightness and far
Correction of main subject brightness Bvs is performed only in the case of distance.
Ru. In addition, the reason why it is limited to long distances is that
This is because control for high brightness is performed only in such cases. [Determination of shutter control value Ev-control 1]
7 Lassonyu use determination” Next, step #14 of the flowchart shown in FIG.
A specific example of 00 will be explained with reference to FIG. First, the microcomputer 1 has a light emission prohibition switch (not shown) set to O.
It is determined whether it is N (#5100). Based on the information stored in #32 in Figure 2, the flash prohibition switch is
When it determines that the switch is ON, microcontroller 1 outputs $511.
Go to 0, otherwise go to #5120, $511
0, the microcomputer 1 has E v-control=B
Perform the calculation vs+S v and proceed to #5300
. Proceeding to #5120, microcontroller 1 determines whether it is backlit or frontlit.
Let's do it. A camera that detects backlight and automatically fires 7 flashes.
When photographing distant landscapes, the 7-ray light will almost reach the subject.
Even if I fire 7 flashes, it doesn't reach me at all.
It has no taste. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, #5120
When you want to judge backlighting as ΔBv≧δ), microcontroller 1
Determine whether the main subject is far away ($5130)
, when the main subject is close to some extent (in this example, Zs≧2)
), the backlight is detected and the 7-speed flash is automatically activated.
I am using a shuttle ($5150). 7 lug Ffl showing 7 lug luminescence in #5150
After setting (backlight automatic flash), microcontroller 1
The side photometric value AEa and the high-luminance first predetermined luminance value HL, (
For example, compare AE a < ) (L
If +, go to #5170, AEa≧HL. If so, proceed to #5180. At $5170, Microcontroller 1 expresses backlighting.
Therefore, the shutter mode is set so that the background is over IEv.
1 (AEa-1) + Svl to control value Ev-control
Substitute the value of and proceed to l$5250. In addition, if the background is
The amount used as a bar does not necessarily have to be IEV, but can be any other value.
But that's fine. When proceeding to $5180, that is, the peripheral photometric value AEa is
Predetermined! If the intensity value is HL or higher, the background is very bright.
or there may be a light source in the background.
Ru. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, the shutter control value
Ev-conLrol is set to a predetermined value HL, a second smaller value
By substituting the sum of the predetermined brightness value HL2 and film sensitivity SV,
Proceed to #5250. That is, Ev-control=
HLz+sv. This allows for high brightness in the background when backlit.
By expressing the degree-like character more clearly, it is possible to create a
The influence of light sources on the scenery can be reduced. In addition, in #5180, the background is changed at $5170.
The background overflow is better than the overflow fi (IEv).
You can increase the amount. For example, change the background by 2Ev
to Ev-control (, 8Ea-2) so that
The value of +Sν may be substituted. When it is determined that it is front lighting in #5120 (ΔBy × δ)
, or if the main subject is far away in #5130
When judged (Zs-1), microcontroller 1 costs $5140.
Then, it is determined whether the flash is forced to fire or not. As a result of backlight detection, 7-lantern light emission (when not moving)
Step #5140 is reached, but in the camera of this example, the photographer
wanted to take 7-shot shots and turned on the forced flash switch.
When the camera (not shown) is turned on, the intention of the photographer will be respected.
I try to shoot 7 shots. Therefore,
In #5140, microcomputer 1 performs the process described in #32 in Figure 2.
Based on the stored information, the forced flash switch is ON.
If this is detected, the flash will fire.
Please set the lag Ffl (#5190), proceed to $5200.
Also, the forced flash switch is OFF in #5140.
Ru. If this is detected, skip to $5200. In #5200, the microcomputer 1 performs the calculation of Ev-control=Bvs+Sv as in #5110.
, proceed to #5250. In #5250, the microcomputer 1 sets the shutter control value E
v-control and camera shake limit (low brightness light emission switching)
point) with the exposure value Evh corresponding to
If nrol≦Evh, proceed to $5260 and Ev-
eontrot > E vl+ de Arebo #5300
skip. #52 In Go, microcontroller 1 emits flash light.
7 lugs Frl to match (low brightness automatic light emission)
), then proceed to $5300. Next, the microcomputer 1 determines the shutter control value E v
- Is the control within the shutter range?
(#5300 to #5330). First, ma
Icon 1 is the obtained shutter control value Ev-contr
Compare ol and the maximum shutter control value E vtaax
relatively #5300), E v-control > E
If it is vwax, the shutter control value E v-cont
Reset rol to the maximum value E vnax ($5310
), then the shutter control value Eccontrol
Compare and the minimum value Evmin of the shutter control value #
5320), E v-control < Evmin.
If so, the shutter control value E v-conLro! the minimum value
Reset to Evmin ($5330). In this way, the shutter control values E v-control and
After setting the 7 lags and 7 lags Frl, the flowchart shown in Figure 6 will appear.
- Return to chart. According to this 70-chart, forced light emission is performed.
The main subject may be overexposed. Therefore,
The steps from 95140 to $5200 are shown in Figure 19.
You can change the main subject as mentioned below.
It may also be possible to expose the image appropriately. First, microcontroller 1 determines whether or not to force flash at $5140.
If there is no forced light emission, E'
Perform the calculation v-control = B vs + S v
If it is forced flash, set 7 lag Ffl and then
($5190), Microcomputer 1: Is the main subject far away?
($5195), Judgment result, main subject
If the body is far away (Zs=1), microcomputer 1 is #520
0 and set the shutter control value Ev-control.
to be determined. On the other hand, if the main subject is close to some extent (Zs
≧2), the microcomputer 1 is E v-control=B
Perform the calculation of vs+1 + S v and use the shutter system.
Find the control value Ev-control. In this way, when using forced flash, the main subject is close to some extent.
, the constant light exposure of the main subject is adjusted by IEv.
Since we have controlled it so that it becomes a
By supplementing with lash light, you can properly expose the main subject. Ta
However, in this case, the background will be 7 ng only for IEv. Ma
In addition, if the main subject is far away, the shutter control value should be adjusted.
Settings are made so that the main subject is properly photographed using only constant light.
However, even if you use 7-speed flash, the main subject will still be 7-
The main subject is overexposed because the flash light does not reach it.
It won't happen. “Determining the flash correction amount ΔEvN” In conventional 7-lash photography, natural light components are ignored.
, I try to give proper exposure only with flash light.
Ta. Therefore, when the natural light component cannot be ignored,
Especially during daytime synchronized shooting, the subject may be overexposed.
It had become -. Also, the camera is only available for daytime synchronized shooting.
Change the flash light timing and use the flash light
The exposure is under-exposed by a certain amount compared to the appropriate exposure value.
There are also things that can be controlled like this. However, it is not enough to simply undercut by a predetermined amount.
Depending on the situation of the subject, it may be difficult to obtain the correct exposure.
Sometimes there isn't. In addition, the location of 7 Ratsushi two shooting at low brightness.
Even if the natural light component is not negligible, there are cases where the natural light component cannot be ignored. Therefore, in the camera of this example, it is difficult to
Regardless of the time, the main subject is always the subject of the 7Ratsushi photo shoot.
Considering the natural light (stationary light) component of
To compensate for the insufficient amount of light with 7 lashes of light, 7 lashes of light were developed.
It controls the light. This ensures that the main subject is always properly photographed.
be exposed. Set the shutter control value to E v-control, main subject
When the brightness is BvQ and the film sensitivity used is Sv
, the exposure value and appropriateness of the main subject when exposed using only natural light.
The difference ΔBvs from the exposure value is ΔBvs=Bvs−(E v-control
−S v). For example, I So 100
(Sv=5) film is used, B vs=2,
5, when EV-control=8.5, ΔB
5 = -1, and when exposed only with natural light, the main subject
will be underexposed by IEv. By the way, the amount of light required to properly expose the main subject
When is set to 1, the light 1 (that is, 4 depleted by natural light) is
In other words, the ratio of natural light to the appropriate amount of light ΔB vs
When the body is properly exposed! (i.e. ΔBvs=0),
Natural light is 1. Also, expose the main subject using only natural light.
Then, when the exposure becomes underexposed by IEv (that is, Δ
BVS=-1), natural light will be halved. Furthermore, nature
If you expose the main subject using only light, it will be underexposed by 2Ev.
(ΔBvs=-2), natural light becomes 1/4
. And if there is no natural light, ΔBvs=-■.
Ru. However, the amount of light that is insufficient with natural light alone, i.e.
, the amount of light to be supplemented by ΔBvs for the flash light is 1-2, and the flash
When photographing the main subject properly using only light (when the flash light intensity is
1), the flash intensity must be reduced.
If you do this, you will not be able to properly expose the main subject.
If the correction 1 of the Lassie light intensity is expressed as ΔEvN in APEX value,
, ΔBvs ΔE vN=logz(1-2). For example, if there is no natural light (ΔBvs=
−■), ΔEvfl=0, and only 7 ratunyu light is the main
Do not emit 7 lashes of light so that the subject is properly photographed.
This means that the main subject will not be exposed properly. Also, own
With only natural light, the main subject will be underexposed by IEv.
If (Δ13 vs= -1), ΔEvN=-1.
, with only flash light, only IEv will be 7 ng.
The main subject should be exposed to natural light and 7 lights.
The light will be properly exposed. Additionally, only natural light
Then, if it becomes under by 2Ev (ΔBvs=-2)
, ΔEvf=-0,42, and with only 7 ratunyu light
7 so that the main subject is undershot by about 0.42Ev.
When the flash is turned on, the main subject is natural light and
The light will be properly exposed. And, using only natural light,
If the subject is properly exposed (ΔBvs=0), ΔE
vN=-■, and in order to properly expose the main subject,
It can be seen that the rush light is turned off and unnecessary. The exposure value of the main subject when exposed using only natural light
Difference from appropriate exposure value △Bvs and flash compensation amount △Ev
Fig. 20(a) shows the relationship with fl, and the difference ΔBVD and 7rano
Flash light intensity (ratio of flash light intensity to appropriate light intensity)
The horizontal axis is the difference in Figure 20(b), which shows the relationship between
ΔBvs is shown, and the vertical axis in Fig. 20(a) is the correction amount.
The fir ΔBvs axis in ΔEν "1, (1) in the same figure shows the flash light fil-2. As is clear from the figure, natural light alone will result in underexposure.
The larger the amount (-ΔBvs) is, the smaller ΔBVs is.
), the absolute value of flash correction 1ΔEv41 is small.
, the amount of flash light increases. Conversely, the above difference ΔBvs
The smaller the absolute value 1ΔBvsl, the more the flash correction 1Δ
The absolute value of Ev "I" 1ΔEvflll increases and the flash
The amount of flash light decreases. By the way, as is clear from both figures, the absolute difference ΔBvs
When the value 1△Bvsl is quite small (for example, −〇,
5≦ΔBvs<O), the flash correction amount ΔEvfl is sudden.
It changes dramatically, but the flash light intensity does not change that much.
Also, set the absolute value of the flash correction amount ΔEvN to
) If you increase it, the effect of light will be reflected in the photo.
9 Therefore, with the camera of this example,
sets the lower limit to the correction amount ΔEv4 and calculates the 7 rasons to be compensated for.
Even when there is very little number of units, only a predetermined amount of 7 units is available.
It is designed to provide light (see Figure 21). specifically
In the camera of this embodiment, the lower limit of correction 1△Evfl is
It is set to -2Ev. In this way, the correction amount ΔEvf1
By setting the lower limit of , the correction amount ΔEvfl can be found by approximate calculation.
calculation algorithm for correction 1ΔEvfl.
The rhythm becomes easier. In addition, in FIG. 21, (a)
is the relationship between the difference ΔBvs and the correction 1ΔEvfl, and (b) is
It shows the relationship between the difference ΔBvs and the 7 Ranoshini light amount. By the way, as mentioned earlier, the camera of this embodiment
Automatically emits 7 rushes according to the brightness of the field.
The automatic flash mode allows you to shoot flashes regardless of the brightness of the subject.
It has a forced flash mode that makes the flash flash worse.
There is. Forced flash mode, i.e. JJ & shadow person not shown
If the forced flash switch is set to 0λ1, the photographer may
I used 7 La Nosier on a regular basis, and the effect of 7 La Nosier on photos.
This is a case where you want to reflect the results. In such cases, the
Pressure that eliminates the effect of flash light, especially large compensation
Adding positive is against the photographer's intention,
Undesirable. Therefore, in the camera of this example, forced firing is performed.
In light mode! 1. Compared to the automatic flash mode,
The lower limit of flash correction 1ΔEvfl is increased. Specifically, in the camera of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 22(a),
As shown, the lower limit of the correction amount ΔEv "I is set to -IEv
are doing. Also, as is clear from the same figure (b), the actual
In the example camera, when the forced flash mode is set to Y, the flash
The amount of light occupies at least 1/2 of the proper scene. Ma
In addition, as is clear from the 21st and t1422 diagrams,
When the main subject is bright to some extent (the absolute value of the difference △Bvs is
(when the flash is small), the forced flash mode will fire automatically.
There are more 7 lasso lights than modes. Note that if a lower limit is set for the correction amount ΔEv41, the main subject will be
Although it will be overexposed, as mentioned earlier, the cover of this example
When shooting a camera, the background may exceed the specified amount when backlit.
When backlit, the main subject
The image will not be overexposed compared to the background.
stomach. By the way, as mentioned earlier, the correction amount ΔEvfl is logarithmic
It is calculated using a very complex operation involving a mixture of exponents and exponents.
It will be done. However, in an actual camera, the photometry means 13
The photometric data by
Also consider factors such as camera control accuracy and flash light intensity errors.
Therefore, it is not very meaningful to calculate the correction amount ΔEvfl accurately.
stomach. Therefore, in the turtle arm of this embodiment, Figs. 21 and 22
As shown by the broken line in the figure, the correction amount is calculated using a step-like function.
Approximate calculation of ΔEvf has been completed. Note that the camera of this example
In this case, the main subject is exposed due to overcompensation of the flash light intensity.
In order to prevent the output from being incorrect, the correction is made rather than the exact value.
The amount does not increase (the absolute value of the correction amount ΔEvN becomes small).
The correction 1ΔEvfl is calculated as follows. this
Therefore, with the camera of this example, the main subject is overexposed.
However, the latitude of the film is
The over side is wider than the goo side, etc.
Even if the main subject is slightly overexposed,
It's not too inconvenient. Next, the correction amount ΔEvfl in the camera of this embodiment will be explained.
A practical calculation method will be explained with reference to FIG. 23. Note that the flowchart shown in FIG. 23 is similar to that shown in FIG.
Step #1600 (subroutine) of the flowchart
A specific example of "Determination of flash compensation 1ΔEvfl"
be. When proceeding to this subroutine, microcomputer 1 first performs the above-mentioned
Find the difference ΔBvs between the exposure values (#5500), continued
microcontroller 1 determines whether it is in forced flash mode or not.
Determine (#5510), and store in #32 in Figure 2.
Based on the information, a forced light switch (not shown) is turned on.
When detecting something, microcontroller 1 advances to $5530.
Based on the graph shown in bold line in Figure 22(a),
Find the positive amount ΔEvfl. On the other hand, the forced flash switch is set to O.
If it is FF, microcontroller 1 advances to #5520 and p
Corrected based on the graph shown in thick line in IS21 diagram (a)
Determine the amount ΔEvfl. When calculating the correction 1ΔEvfl,
The microcomputer 1 returns to the 70-chart shown in FIG. [Determination of aperture value Avd indicating flash emission timing]
” Continuing on, the control of 7 latches □ in camera i 2 of this embodiment.
Explain the situation. As mentioned earlier, the camera of this example has shutter blades.
It uses a so-called lens shutter that also serves as an aperture blade.
While the shutter blades are opening, the shutter
7 lashes when the shutter opening is the appropriate size.
Make it emit light. Flash light intensity Iv + film sensitivity S
v, and the APEX value of the shooting distance of the main subject is Dv,
As is well known, if the aperture aperture is Avdo=Iv+5v-Dv, then the main subject is the flash.
Properly exposed by light only. lens shutter
Based on the aperture characteristics of the shutter, conventional cameras with
After the shutter begins to open, the aperture value A vdo
time td until reaching the corresponding aperture. is calculated in advance and the time elapsed after the shutter opens.
When tdo has elapsed, 7 lights are emitted. By the way, the power of this embodiment is, as mentioned earlier,
7. Even when taking photos, use natural light components! 7.
5. The amount of light is corrected. In this case, the correction 1ΔEv
The aperture diameter is made smaller by the amount corresponding to the absolute value of fl.
If you turn on the flash, the main subject will be exposed to natural light and 7 flashes.
Proper exposure with light. In other words, when the aperture diameter reaches the aperture value Avd, which is A vd''A vdo-ΔEVf =Iv+5v-Dv-LΔEvf, 7 lashes are emitted.
If so, the main subject will be properly exposed using natural light and 7 rays of light.
be done. Figure 24 shows the shutter aperture in the camera of this example.
Show characteristics. In the same figure, the shutter of Bokutsumugi begins to open.
The vertical pongee indicates the shutter aperture (aperture opening).
The aperture value increases as you press downwards (the aperture value increases).
diameter becomes smaller). In the same figure, A vdo is
The threshold value allows the main subject to be properly exposed using only rush light.
Yes, Avd is suitable for the main subject with natural light and flash light.
After correcting the aperture value A vdo so that it is exposed correctly
This is the aperture value. As is clear from the figure, the diaphragm aperture has both aperture values AvdO,
The time it takes to reach A vtJ is t
do, td. In addition, in the figure, Ave is the shutter control value E v
- an aperture value determined based on control,
tc is the time required for the aperture aperture to reach the aperture value Awe
In between, the shutter is Ij! ! Time t since it started
After c has elapsed, the microcomputer 1 starts the shutter control circuit 15.
A signal is output to start the shutter W5 forming operation. And, as is clear from X, the shutter control waveform
becomes triangular. Also, A-〇 is the maximum aperture value of the pattern.
When photographing a very dark subject using only natural light
, the shutter control waveform is trapezoidal, as shown by the dashed line.
become. Note that tc' is the shutter in this case.
Now is the time to close the door. By the way, as mentioned earlier, the camera of this example
Using 7 lashes of light, the amount of light that is insufficient with natural light alone
To compensate, the 7 lash light amount is corrected. like this
For example, when the main subject is far away,
If the flash light does not reach the main subject sufficiently,
Sometimes the body becomes exposed. Therefore,
In this example, when the turtle is photographed, the main subject receives sufficient light from 7 rays.
If there is a possibility that the shutter control value Ev-co will not be reached,
Shift ntrol to the overexposure side and adjust the amount of natural light.
We are increasing the proportion of The appropriate shift 1 in this case takes into consideration various conditions,
It is possible to obtain both by calculation. However, in the camera of this embodiment, the FulgoliX system is
For simplicity, shutter control 11 values Ev-c. While shifting ntrol by a predetermined amount e,
It is designed to repeat calculations for control. Also,
If the shift amount is too large, the background etc. will be extremely overexposed.
To avoid this, set the number of shifts to ＠卜1.
ing. Here, the shift of the shutter control value Ev-control is
Consider the number of shifts iM and one shift 1e.
Try. In the case of backlit photography, the camera of this example uses the
In this case, the background is overexposed by IEv than the correct exposure.
Set the shutter control value EcC0nLrol so that
are doing. If the 7 rays of light do not reach the main subject sufficiently
and the shutter control value is shifted to the overexposed side.
I am forced to That is, E v-control =
E v-control-ne. however,
n is the number of shifts. Therefore, the background is exposed by 1+ne.
It goes overboard. This overexposure 1 is the film's latitude.
If it is within the attitude. There is no problem with the photo. For example, in Nefilm
If so, the latitude on the overexposed side is about +3.
Therefore, the upper limit of the number of shifts is set so that 1+Me=3.
It is only necessary to determine M=4. e=0.5 or M=2
．． Consider the accuracy of exposure control, calculation speed, etc., such as e=1.
The upper limit h (and the predetermined value 1e can be determined arbitrarily).
Of course, the film lathe used from the film's DX hood
Read the attitude information and set the upper limit h1,
The constant 1e may be changed. Next, the shutter control value E in the camera of this embodiment
A specific example of the v-control shifting method is shown in Figure 25.
This will be explained with reference to. First, the microcomputer 1 calculates the aperture value Avd mentioned above.
(#6100), then the microcomputer 1 sends the shutter
Based on the control value E v-control, the shutter
The aperture value Awe (see Figure 24) corresponding to the peak of the waveform is
(#6110), in the camera of this embodiment,
Based on the shutter control waveform, the shutter control value E
Check the aperture value Avc corresponding to v-control.
Store it in ROM and use it as needed.
The data is read from the ROM at the same time. Next, My Fun 1 resets 7 lag C0NT (
#612Q), this flag C0NT is for shutter control
Because the value E v-control was shifted, the aperture was changed again.
Set when it is necessary to calculate the values A vd and A vc.
will be cut. After resetting 7 lag C0NT, microcontroller 1
Determine whether flash light reaches the main subject sufficiently
. First, microcomputer 1 uses the aperture value Avd calculated at $6100.
and the maximum aperture value of the shutter (the aperture corresponding to the minimum aperture
value) A, compare with vmax ($$6150),
Then, Avd > A veaay, that is, the minimum aperture
Even if you stop down to 7 lashes and fire the flash, the flash will not work.
If the main subject is overexposed due to light and natural light,
Proceed to #6155 and set the aperture value Avd to AyHax.
Fix this, unless you reset the settings, the shutter will open.
This is because 7 rays are emitted in front. Aperture value Avd
If you reset the settings, you will return to the 70-chart shown in Figure 6.
. If Avd≦A vmax in #6150, the master
For icon 1, proceed to #6160 and find #6100.
The aperture value Avd and the aperture value Avc obtained in #6110.
compare. Then, if Avd≧Avc, the shutter
- When the aperture value of the frontage is Avdl2 (shutter is
7 lashes when 1d has elapsed since the start of opening
If you turn on the flash, the main subject will be exposed to natural light and flash light.
Since it is properly exposed, no correction is made and the image shown in Figure 6 is
Return to the 70-chart shown. On the other hand, #61 G Ol: Come on, Avd<Avc.
Then, based on the shutter control value E y-control
Open the shutter to the desired aperture aperture and use the flash.
Even if you fire the flash, the flash light is insufficient and the main subject cannot be photographed.
will be underexposed, so you need to adjust the exposure to
In order to increase the proportion of natural light and properly expose the main subject.
The microcomputer 1 then sets the shutter control value E v-cont
$617 to shift rol to overexposure side
Go to 0. In #6170 to @6190, microcomputer 1
There is no problem even if you shift the shutter control value E v-control.
Determine whether any problems occur. With #6170, when exposed with only natural light, the main subject
The difference ΔBvs between the exposure value and the appropriate exposure value is investigated. and
, ΔBvs≧0, that is, the main cover is covered only by natural light.
If the subject is properly exposed or overexposed,
Icon 1 is the shutter control value E v-control
Without performing the shift), proceed to #6175 and set the threshold value Avd.
is reset to the print value Avc. This allows the main subject to
The degree of overexposure can be minimized.
Ru. In #6170, if ΔBvs<O, #618
0, and microcomputer 1 sets the aperture value A calculated at $6110.
It is determined whether we is equal to the open aperture value Avo. If Ave=Avo, that is, the shutter
- Control value E v-control cannot be shifted any further.
Even if you
The flash cannot be applied to the main subject any more.
If you cannot increase the number of lights by 1, proceed to # (5175).
Then, reset the aperture value Avd to the aperture value Avc, and then
cancel the shift. This allows you to focus on the main subject.
The image is properly exposed. In #6180, if Avci'Avo, My
Controller 1 proceeds to $6190 and shutter control value E v
-control shift count SHI FT reaches upper limit M
Determine whether it has been reached. And the number of shifts is 5HI
If FT has reached the upper limit h(, proceed to #6175 and stop
Reset the threshold value Avd to the threshold value Avc, and perform subsequent shifts.
prohibited. At $6190, the number of shifts SHI FT is the upper limit M
If it has not reached #6200, microcontroller 1 proceeds to #6200.
Set the shutter control value Ev-control to a predetermined value of 1.
Shift to the overexposure side by e. That is, Ev-control= Ev-control-e
be. Shift the shutter control value E v-control.
At the end, microcomputer 1 changes the shifted shutter control value.
Control the shutter based on E-C control
It is determined whether it is possible to do so (#6210). In other words, the microcomputer 1 uses the shifted shutter control value.
Controllable shutter il+ such as E v-control
Compare with which minimum value Evmin. And Ev
-c. If ntrol < EV theory, that is, the system
If shutter control is not possible, microcomputer 1
Proceed to step 20 and enter the shutter control value E v-control
The minimum shutter controllable shutter control value Evm
Set it again to in and proceed to #6230. Meanwhile, Ev-c
ontrol≧! E: If it is vmin, that is, the system
If shutter control is possible, skip to #6230.
Ru. In the $6230, microcomputer 1 has a counter that indicates the number of shifts.
Increment 5HIFT, then #624
0, to calculate the aperture value Avd again, 7 lag C0N
Cent T. Then, the 70-char shown in Figure 6
Return to As is clear from the above, the camera of this example has a
ter control value E determined based on v-control
Until the image value Avc reaches the maximum aperture value AVO (i.e.
Wait until the shutter can be opened to its maximum aperture.
), 1. Or, the number of shifts 5HIFT reaches the upper limit M.
Shift the shutter control value Ev-control until
will be carried out. [Modification 1 Next, a modification of the camera implementing the present invention will be described. "First Modification" In the camera of the embodiment described above, the photometry of the photometry unit 3 is
The area LMA is located in the center as shown in Figure 3.
The three areas C and R and the area around them ○
It was 4 minutes'M in tJT. However, as mentioned earlier
, photometric area L MA is not limited to these, but various
I can think of things. Therefore, it is different from the one shown in Figure 3.
A modified example of a photometric means having a photometric area is shown below,
Shunter control in cameras using the photometry method
A method for determining the value Ev-control will be explained. FIG. 26 shows the photometric area of the photometric means of this modification. same
As is clear from the figure, the photometric area L M A of this modification example
is a rectangular number located in the center of the shooting screen F'RM.
1 center photometry area P, a rectangular second area around it
Central photometric area Q, around Z, peripheral photometric area around it
It consists of area R. Size of first central photometric area P
Well, the focal length of the photographic lens is 200+IIIe.
The size of the shooting area is set to be approximately equal to the size of the shooting area at the time.
It is being In addition, the second central photometric area Q is the first central photometric area Q.
When the light area P and the second photometry area Q are combined, the photographing lens
When the focal length of is 100++++e! I shadow range
is set to be approximately equal to the size of . So
The size of the entire photometric area LMA is
III shadow when the focal length of the shadow lens is 5 Oau
The size of the range is set to be equal to 1r.
Ru. A camera equipped with a photometric means having this photometric area LMA
, the shutter control value Ev-contr. Explain how to determine. Please note that this camera has a focal length of
A zoom lens that can change the size from 28mm to 135m1.
The following is the focal length of the photographic lens.
An explanation will be provided for each. (+) Set the focal length of the photographic lens to 3511116.
In this case, as shown in Figure tjIJ27, the shooting range 2! F
RM is slightly larger than the photometric area LMA. Therefore, at this time, there are three photometric areas P and Q. Photometric value at R B Vp+ B VQ+ B vr
With equal weights, the shutter control value E v-cont
Find rol. That is, E v-control= (B vp+ B vq+
B vr)/3 +S v. (If) The focal length of the photographic lens was set to 501.
In this case, as mentioned earlier, shooting 11! ! FRM is
It becomes approximately equal to the light area LMA. therefore,
At this time, the main subject is usually at the center of the shooting range FRM.
Because it is located in
In order to reduce the influence of
without adopting the photometric value Bvr at , the first and second central photometry
Weight of photometric value B v9 + B vq in areas P and Q
is made equal to the shutter control value E v-control
Find l. That is, E v-control = (
Bvp+Bvq)/2+Sv. (III) Set the focal length of the photographic lens to 100nu.
In this case, as mentioned earlier, the shooting range FRM is the first
The combined size of the central photometric area P and the second central photometric area Q
In fact, they are almost equal. Therefore, in this case, the main cover
The subject is usually located at the center of the shooting range FRM.
In addition, the influence of the sky, etc., which is likely to exist in the surrounding area, is reduced.
In order to
Using only 13vp, the shutter control value E v-co
Find ntrol. That is, E v-control = B vp + S v
. (IV) Change the focal length of the photographic lens to a focal length other than the above.
(i) If it is less than 3S1 In this case, set the focal length of the photographic lens to 35+em.
In the same way as when
Find troll. That is, Ev-control=
(Bvp+Bvq+Bvr)/3+Sv. (ii) In the case of 100mm or more In this case,! Set the focal length of the li shadow lens to 1001.
Similarly to the case where the shutter control value E y−C
Find ontrol. That is, E v-contr
ol=Bvp+Sv. (iii) In other cases, the focal length of the photographic lens is 35mm - ~50mm, 50II
Ia~100 +nvAl: If set, the shooting lens
Depending on the focal length of the lens, each photometric
Photometric values B Vp+ B Vq in areas P, Q, and H,
B Continuously changing the VR weight and shutter control
Find the control value Ev-control. In addition, this modified example
Then, the weight of the photometric value B Vp+ B vqt B vr
It goes without saying that each photometric change varies linearly.
Value 13 vp, sum of weights of B Vq + B vr is 1
It may be changed in a curved manner so that “Second Modification” In the camera of the above-mentioned embodiment, depending on the depth of the subject,
When considering the second zone range where the distance measurement data varies,
The distance difference is within a predetermined value (1% physically 15 am).
If so, it was supposed to measure the distance to the same subject and calculate ν. By the way, when a large number of people gather to take commemorative photos (
(I usually take pictures from a little distance), with K in the front row and the person in the back row.
The shooting distance varies considerably. For example, if you are lining up in three rows to take pictures, the front row
The difference in shooting distance between the person in the last row and the person in the last row is approximately one point.
reach In a group photo like this, the people in the front row also look the best.
People in the back row should also be considered the same subject.
However, as in the example above, it should be considered the same subject.
If the distance difference is constant, the same
When taking photos where the distance range that should be considered as the subject is large
In some cases, the proximity zone range cannot be detected correctly.
It becomes. Therefore, the distance difference that should be considered as the same subject is
It is better to make the distance difference variable than to make it constant.
stomach. And when photographing a subject with a long depth, usually
, since the shooting distance becomes longer;
It is desirable to increase the distance difference. Also, the range that can be considered to be in focus (
Depth of field) is deeper at far distances than at near distances.
Considering that, the range that is considered to be the same subject is
The far side may be wider than the side. Table 3 shows that the shooting distance is the same in this modification.
Table 0 showing specific examples of the relationship with the I¥ deviation that should be considered.
As is clear from this, in this specific example, as mentioned above,
, the distance difference increases as the shooting distance increases,
Also, the far side is larger than the near side.
Ru. Table 2 Standard...Standard (short focal length) shooting 8-Telephoto...Telephoto (long focal length) shooting 80 Dangu TC...Equivalent to O5 theory when a teleconverter is installed Table 1 3 Table 2 Week 181” As explained above, the photometric device or camera of the present invention
If you use the camera, if you have a high-brightness subject such as a landscape,
Appropriate exposure compensation is automatically performed to capture high-brightness images.
The key is to truly reflect it. Also, light sources such as the sun
It won't be affected.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a camera embodying the present invention, and FIG. 1S2 is a 70-chart showing the overall control of the camera. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a photometry area of a photometry means in a camera embodying the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a distance measurement area of a distance measurement means. FIG. 5 is a 70-chart showing control of photometry operation and distance measurement operation in a camera implementing the present invention. FIG. 6 is a 70-chart showing the overall control of the exposure calculation operation in the camera implementing the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the photometry range in each shooting state in the camera implementing the present invention. , (a), (+1), and (C) show the cases where the imaging magnification is constant, and the standard imaging state,
It shows the telephoto shooting state and the teleconverter installed state. In addition, (d), (e), and (f) show the case where the shooting distance is changed in the telephoto shooting state, (d) is long distance, (e) is medium distance, and (f) is short distance. It shows. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the peripheral photometric value and the backlight determination level. FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between main subject separation and proximity zone in a camera implementing the present invention. 10th
The figure is a diagram showing the relationship between a photometry area and a distance measurement area in a camera implementing the present invention. FIG. 11 is a 70-chart showing the operation of selecting candidates for center photometry values in a camera embodying the present invention. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing errors in photometry values in each spot photometry area during backlighting in a camera implementing the present invention. FIG. 13 shows a camera implementing the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the photometry area and the main subject when the imaging magnification is very high. FIG. 14 is a 70-chart showing a method for determining center photometric values in a camera implementing the present invention. FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between subject brightness and its correction amount, (a) and (b) are conventional cameras, (e)
=(d)-(e) show cameras implementing the present invention. FIG. 16 shows the camera implementing the present invention.
2 is a flowchart showing a method for determining main subject brightness,
FIG. 17 is a 70-chart showing a modification thereof. FIG. 18 is a 70-chart showing the shutter control value determination method and usage determination of the 7-7 shutter in a camera implementing the present invention, and FIG. 19 is a 70-chart showing a modification thereof. . Figures 20 to 22 show the difference between the shutter control value and the main subject brightness, and (a) flash correction 1 and (b)
FIG. 20 is a graph showing the principle of the ratio of the flash light amount to an appropriate scene; FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship when the camera embodies the present invention automatically fires; and FIG. , Same (, shows the relationship at the time of forced flashing. Figure 23 is a 70-chart showing the method for determining the amount of 7 lash correction in a camera implementing the present invention. Figure W424 shows the aperture of the lens shutter. FIG. 25 is a 70-chart showing a method of determining the timing of flash emission. FIG. #26 shows a modification of the photometry area of the photometry means in a camera implementing the present invention. Fig. 27 is a diagram showing the photometry area and photographing range in short focal length photography using a turtle arm employing a modification of the photometry means. Fig. 28 is a diagram showing a modification of the photometry means. It is a graph showing the relationship between the focus II! distance of the photographing lens and the weight of the photometric value in each photometric q region for determining the shutter control value in the camera adopting the example. Photometric means #4210 #4215.# 4210 Comparison means replacement means] Distance measuring means Exposure control means

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) a photometric means for measuring the brightness of a subject; a first comparing means for comparing the photometric value with a first predetermined brightness; A photometric device comprising: a correction means for correcting to be lower by a first predetermined amount. (2) a second comparing means for comparing a photometric value with a second predetermined brightness higher than the first predetermined brightness; Claim (1) characterized in that if the photometric value is high, the photometric value is corrected to be lower by a second predetermined amount that is larger than the first predetermined amount.
The photometric device described in . (3) The photometric device according to claim (1), further comprising distance measuring means for measuring the distance to the subject, and wherein the correction means changes the amount of correction depending on the distance to the subject. (4) The photometry device according to claim 3, wherein the correction means does not correct the photometry value when the distance to the subject is shorter than a predetermined distance. (5) a photometric means for measuring the brightness of a subject; a first comparing means for comparing the photometric value with a first predetermined brightness; and replacement means for replacing the first predetermined luminance with a third predetermined luminance lower than the first predetermined luminance. (6) comprising distance measuring means for measuring the distance to the subject, wherein the replacing means does not replace the photometric value when the distance to the subject is shorter than a predetermined distance;
The photometric device according to claim (5). (7) A camera comprising: the photometric device according to any one of claims (1) to (6); and exposure control means for controlling exposure based on the photometric output of the photometric device.