JPH027918A - Instantaneous heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide large heat generation and to be handy to carry by the method wherein an ignition agent is provided next to a main exothermic agent, a firing device is provided near the ignition agent, and the title heater is formed so as to be fired through a small hole provided at a part of a wall of a metallic vessel in which these agents are filled. CONSTITUTION:A main exothermic agent 2 is obtained by mixing one or more of the powder of metallic oxide such as iron oxide, etc., and one or more of the powder of simple metal or semimetal, or these alloy such as ferrosilicon. An ignition agent 3 is obtained by mixing one or more of the powder of metallic oxide and one or more of the powder simple metal or semimetal, or these alloy (e.g., an ignition agent in which aluminum powder, boron and barium peroxide are contained as principal components, and copper oxide and strontium peroxide are slightly contained). Thus ignition agent 3 is located next to the main exothermic agent 2 and easily ignited as compared with main exothermic agent. A firing device 4 for firing the ignition agent 3 is provided near the ignition agent. These main exothermic agent 2, ignition agent 3 and firing device 4 are filled in a metallic vessel 1. The heater is thus made so as to be fired by the working at the outer of the vessel through a small hole 6 provided at a part of a wall of the vessel 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heater for rapidly heating water, oil, other liquids, and solids.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, electricity, combustible gas, hydrocarbon liquids, or solid fuels have been used as heaters for heating liquids and solids, and as a special heating method, calcium oxide , calcium chloride, or aluminum hydration reaction.

In addition, in recent years, as a more special method,
A heat-generating agent, such as that used in a portable boiling/warming device shown in Japanese Patent No. 358, has also been devised, in which lead powder and silicon powder are mixed and the mixture is compressed into a long and thin tube.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Electricity and combustible gas, which are commonly used, are very convenient for indoor use, but are often inconvenient when used outdoors. Furthermore, in the case of hydrocarbon liquid or solid fuels, in order to increase the heating rate, the apparatus must be large, making it difficult to carry, and it is difficult to use the apparatus outdoors in rainy weather or strong winds.

On the other hand, heating agents that utilize the hydration reaction of calcium oxide, calcium chloride, or aluminum are suitable for outdoor use, but their heating speed is relatively slow and the amount of heat obtained relative to the volume of the heating agent is very small. There are drawbacks.

The above-mentioned portable boiling/warming device uses a heating agent packed in a long thin tube containing a mixture of lead powder and silicon powder.
It is suitable for indoor and outdoor use for boiling oil and keeping it warm, but the container as a whole is relatively large, the purpose of heating is limited, and the container structure is complex, and the heating agent itself However, there is a problem in that it is troublesome to press-fit it into a long and thin tube and the cost increases accordingly. Furthermore, due to the nature of the heating agent, it is necessary to heat it for a while with an electric heater or lighter to ignite it, which means that a large amount of heat is required for ignition, resulting in poor ignitability.

The present invention aims to quickly heat liquids and solids both indoors and outdoors, and can be easily and quickly ignited and heated in places where there is no electricity, gas, etc., and does not generate any odor during combustion. , it is intended to provide a smaller, more portable, and lower cost heater.

[Means/effects for solving the problem] The present inventors have developed a method that generates a large amount of heat from a heating agent, and quickly.
As a result of various experiments and studies on simple and low-cost heaters, we found that the main heating agent is a mixture of one or more of five metal oxide powders and one or more of metals, metalloids, or alloy powders of these, and the above-mentioned heaters. An ignition agent is provided in contact with the main exothermic agent, which is a mixture of one or more metal oxide powders that are easier to ignite than the main exothermic agent, and one or more metals, semimetals, or alloy powders thereof, and further, A igniter for igniting the igniter is provided in a nearby position, the main exothermic agent, the igniter, and the igniter are filled in a metal container, and a pore is provided in a part of the wall of the metal container. We have developed an instantaneous heater that is characterized by a structure in which ignition is activated from outside the container through a pore.

The pores provided in the wall of the metal container function as a gas discharge port for guiding a thin wire or rod-shaped object to the outside for activating the igniter, and for suppressing a rise in pressure inside the metal container after ignition. In addition, when the object to be heated is a liquid and the metal container is used by directly immersing it into the object to be heated,
The pores may be formed into thin tubes that prevent the object to be heated from flowing into the metal container. These pores or tubules are 1 to 2
Provide one.

When heating a solid object with this heater, or when the object to be heated does not flow into the container of the heater, even if it is a liquid,
This heater with pores is used in close contact with the object to be heated.

In this case, except for the areas where the main heater and the object to be heated are in close contact and heat transfer takes place, covering these areas with a heat insulating material will reduce heat loss and improve thermal efficiency.

On the other hand, when heating this heater by immersing it in a liquid such as water or oil, a thin tube is provided to prevent the object to be heated from flowing into the metal container of the heater. use something In this case, paper, glass, metal, ceramics, synthetic resin, etc. are used for the container containing the heated object.
The igniter is ignited by frictional heat or sparks from flint by pulling or pushing a thin wire from the end of the tube, etc., and then the main exothermic agent is instantaneously heated through the igniter. A large amount of heat can be generated in a very short period of time.

The generated heat is efficiently and quickly transferred to the object to be heated through the wall surface of the metal container, which has good thermal conductivity, so that the object to be heated can be heated in a very short time, and there is also very little heat loss.

The pores or thin tubes should be circular or cylindrical in shape with a diameter of 1 mm to 10 mm, as long as they can take out the thin wire, etc. to the outside as mentioned above, and release gas from inside the heater.
Alternatively, a triangle, quadrilateral, or prism may be arbitrarily used.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show embodiments of an instantaneous heater according to the present invention.

A circular or square metal container 1 is filled with a main exothermic agent 2, an ignition agent 3 which is easier to ignite than the main exothermic agent above the main exothermic agent 2, and a igniter 4 is provided close to the ignition agent 3. container 1
A thin metal or thread wire 5 that ignites the igniter 4 using frictional heat or the like when operated from the outside is inserted into the pore 6 or thin tube 7.
is led to the outside through.

The tip of the thin wire 5 is inside the igniter 4, and by drawing a thin wire, for example, frictional heat is generated directly in the direction of the ignition, causing ignition, and then the ignition agent 3 and the main exothermic agent 2 are ignited in sequence. In addition,
As in the example in Figure 1, if the thin wire can be short, insert a rod-shaped object such as a pin directly in front of the ignition instead of the thin wire.
Frictional ignition is also possible by pulling or pushing it externally.

Figure 4 shows a case where a flint is used as a fire starter, and a mixture of rare earth metals (REM) with approximately 85% residual iron and a trace amount of Mg is used.
A file-shaped hole 11 is drilled in a round bar 4^ of flint made of a material such as 4^ and a hard iron plate 4B, and radial notches 12 are made around the hole. FIG. 5 is a front view of the iron plate 4B. A handle I3 may be attached to the flint if necessary. By pulling or pushing the flint, a spark is generated and the igniter is ignited.

The main heating agent is one or more metal oxides such as iron oxide, copper oxide, and lead oxide, and the heat of formation of the oxide is greater than that of the metal forming the oxide such as silicon, titanium, and iron. It consists of a single metal or metalloid, or a mixture of one or more types of stiff alloys, and when the metal or metalloid takes oxygen from the oxide and oxidizes, it generates a large amount of heat of formation. The ignition agent is a mixture of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, boron alone or one or more of these alloys with one or more oxidizing agents such as barium peroxide, copper oxide, strontium peroxide, etc. When oxidized by barium peroxide, etc., a large amount of heat of formation is generated. While the main exothermic agent requires a large amount of heat for ignition and is difficult to ignite, this ignition agent is easy to ignite and is easily ignited by a small amount of spark generated from the igniter. By placing this igniter in contact with the main exothermic agent, the main exothermic agent is ignited by the heat generated by the igniter. That is, the combined use of an igniter makes it very easy to ignite the main exothermic agent. The fire starter is a mixture of one or more flammable substances such as red phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic sulfide, and phosphorus sulfide, and an oxidizing agent such as potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, and potassium nitrate.
It is made by wrapping thin paper such as Japanese paper with a width of about 5 to 20 nm several times around the thin wire 5, and then tightening the contact portion between the thin wire and the thin paper. A part of this fire starter is fixed at an appropriate position inside the container as shown in Figures 1 to 3, and by pulling or pushing a thin wire, the part in contact with the paper
It generates heat and ignites.

Other than the above-mentioned flints can also be used as the fire starter.

Figure 4 shows the case where a flint is used as a fire starter, and 4A
4B is a flint round bar (approximately 2n+mφ), and 4B is a hard iron plate with a hole 11 somewhat smaller than the diameter of the flint, and radial cuts 12 around the hole. FIG. 5 is a front view of the iron plate 4B. Note that a handle 13 may be attached to the flint, if necessary. By pulling or pushing the flint, a spark is generated and the igniter is ignited. Another method for starting a fire using a flint is to fix the flint and generate sparks by pulling or pushing a file-like rod.

The main exothermic agents include 1, for example, 79.2% by weight of iron oxide, silicon (
S1) Approximately 600caA in 1g of 20.8% by weight mixture
of heat is generated, and 500mff1 of water is heated from 10℃ to 100℃.
When heating to ``c'', about 75g is sufficient, and 100'
The time required for the temperature to rise to C was approximately 1 minute, which was very quick.

At this time, as an igniter, add a small amount (5~
Approximately 0.5 g of powder containing boron (No. 3096) and barium peroxide as an oxidizing agent as a main component, mixed with approximately IH copper oxide and strontium peroxide was used. In addition,
As the oxidizing agent, one containing oxidized steel as a main component and containing approximately 10% barium peroxide and strontium peroxide may be used. Approximately 0.01 g of the chemical used in the fire starter was sufficient.

In addition to the above-mentioned combinations, the main exothermic agent is iron oxide-ferrosilicon (iron-silicon alloy), which has a relatively low reaction temperature and is suitable for the present invention.
00cai, approximately 500cai for oxidized steel and silicon
In the case of lead oxide and silicon, it was about 300 ca.

If a substance normally used in thermite reaction of Ai grain powder metal oxide is used as a heating agent, ignition becomes relatively easy, and an ignition agent as referred to in the present invention may be unnecessary. , the reaction between A powder and metal oxide is 2000℃
It reaches a high temperature, and the calorific value is per gram! 100caQ
Although there are many advantages, it is necessary to make the metal container thicker, which is not necessarily suitable for the present invention. However, if used in small quantities, there is no problem. On the other hand, when silicon and ferrosilicon powders are used, the reaction becomes mild and the surface temperature of the exothermic agent itself is about 1000°C.

The finer the powders constituting the main exothermic agent and the igniter, the better the reactivity, and preferably finer than 200 mesh.

Further, the main exothermic agent and the igniter may be filled in a metal container in the form of a powder, or may be press-molded into a beveled shape and filled into the container.

The shape and size of the metal container may be arbitrarily determined depending on the properties and quantity of the object to be heated, as well as the purpose and location of use.

Further, as the material for the metal container, iron, stainless steel, etc. are used, and it is preferable to use tin plate, especially when the container is used as a food heater. Furthermore, if the heater is to be used for one-time use only, place the main exothermic agent, igniter, and igniter in the body of the heater, or place the main exothermic agent, 2 igniters in the same body, and the igniter in the thin tube. The heater is manufactured using a method in which the lid portion is crimped and integrated in the same manner as in the can manufacturing method. In the case of a disposable heater, it is installed inside the container containing the object to be heated, or at the bottom of a container separated from the object to be heated.On the other hand, in the case of a heater that is used many times, the For example, the structure as shown in FIG. 3 has a screw 8 on the body or the lid so that the exothermic agent can be taken out and the main exothermic agent can be refilled with a new main exothermic agent.

In addition, in order to remove smoke generated from inside the heater, a filter 9 made of glass wool, activated carbon, etc. may be installed in the thin tube part, as shown in FIG. 3, if necessary.
good.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a heat insulating material 10 can be provided in the heater on the side that does not come into close contact with the object to be heated, if necessary.

The features of this heater include a low-cost main exothermic agent with a low combustion temperature that is relatively difficult to ignite, and a small amount of igniter that is relatively easy to ignite and is somewhat expensive, and a convenient way to ignite igniters. The structure of the heating agent consists of a fire starter, and the temperature inside the container is relatively low due to this structure. Therefore, a thin material is used for the metal container, and when using an iron plate, a thin material of 0.2 mm is used.
Thickness, or even less thickness in some cases, is sufficient, and manufacturing is easy and low cost.

In addition, the feature of providing a thin tube to suppress the inflow of the heated object is that the structure allows the main heater to be immersed directly into the heated object, which reduces the loss of heat generated from the heating agent.
Furthermore, since the heat generating portion of the metal container heater is cooled by the object to be heated, the container material can be made very thin.

When the object to be heated is water, by immersing the heater in water, the temperature of the outer wall of the heater falls to about 100°C, and therefore,
It is also possible to boil the object using a paper container as the container for the object to be heated.

As described above, the heater according to the present invention is small and lightweight, has excellent portability, and is low in cost.

[Example] Examples will be described below.

(Example 1) A mixture of 70 g of iron oxide (F e20 a) m powder and 30 g of ferrosilicon powder (75 is silicon, 25 is iron) powder was used as the main exothermic agent, and on top of this, 15 tons of aluminum powder and 1 boron were added.
*, and copper oxide with the remaining barium peroxide as the main component,
As shown in Figure 2, a heater is placed in an iron container with a fire starter consisting of 0.5 g of an oxidizing agent containing a small amount of strontium peroxide, red phosphorus, and 0.01 g of potassium chlorate wrapped around Japanese paper. Created.

This heating device was immersed in a glass container filled with 500mff1 of water, and the heating agent was ignited by pulling the thin wire 5.4, As a result, the temperature of the water at io℃ was raised to 100℃ after 1 minute. (Example 2) Iron oxide (79.2 g of Fe20J powder, 20.8 g of silicon powder)
g as the main exothermic agent, and on top of this, add 1 brocade of aluminum powder, 3 t of boron, and the rest 0.5 g of an igniter consisting of an oxidizing agent mainly composed of barium peroxide, oxidized steel, and a small amount of strontium peroxide. Press-molded into pellets with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of about 15 m + n, red phosphorus,
A heater was prepared in which a fire starter consisting of 0.02 g of potassium chlorate wrapped around Japanese paper was placed in an iron container as shown in Figure 3.

This heater was immersed in a glass container containing 600 ml of water, and a thin wire 5 was stretched to ignite the heating agent. In addition, a filter consisting of 0.2 g of glass wool, 0.5 g of activated carbon, and 0.2 g of glass wool was provided in the thin tube portion. As a result, no smoke was generated from the thin tube part, and the temperature was 10°C.
of water can be raised to 100°C in about 1 minute.

(Example 3) The same type and amount of main exothermic agent as in Example 2, point size ff1J, shaped into a beret, were used together with the same fire starter as in Example 2 as shown in Figure 1. We created a heater installed inside an iron container. This heater is 100mm x 100mm
, placed on a 10mm thick iron plate, ignited the heating agent,
Heat the iron plate to 1 no. As a result, the seven grades of the lower part of the iron plate were approximately 1
Heat to 300-350°C in % J-1.

(Example 4) 70 g of iron oxide (Fe203) powder, ferrosilicon (
75 is silicon, 25! Ii iron) powder 30g (7) mixture 1-, as a ripening agent, aluminum powder 13 at the bottom of this
t, boron 596 and remaining copper oxide as main components and 1. 0.4 g of an igniter consisting of an oxidizing agent containing a small amount of barium peroxide and strontium peroxide, and a pellet-shaped igniter made of these, together with the flint-starting device shown in Figs. 4 and 5, are shown in Fig. 4. I made a heater installed in an iron container as shown in the figure.

A glass container containing 500 m4 of water was placed on top of the heater, and a flint was pushed in to ignite it. As a result, 10℃
of water could be raised to 90"C after 3 minutes.

[Effect of the invention] This heater uses a main exothermic agent that is relatively difficult to ignite, has a low combustion temperature, is highly safe, and is low cost, and a small amount of ignition agent that is relatively easy to ignite and is somewhat expensive. By storing a simple igniter for igniting the agent and igniting agent in a predetermined positional relationship within a metal container, it is small, lightweight, and highly portable, and can be used to heat objects at low cost. can be heated in a very short time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an instantaneous heater according to the invention having pores, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an instantaneous heater according to the invention having a capillary, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an instantaneous heater according to the invention having a capillary and a filter that can be used repeatedly. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an instantaneous heater according to the present invention having pores, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing file-like holes when flint is used. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Heater container main body, 3... Ignition agent, 5... Thin wire, 7... Thin tube, 9... Filter 11... Hole, 13... Handle 4B... Iron plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A main heat generating agent which is a mixture of one or more metal oxide powders and one or more metals, metalloid metals, or alloy powders thereof, and a main heat generating agent in contact with the main heat generating agent. An igniter is provided, which is a mixture of one or more metal oxide powders that are easier to ignite than the ignition agent, and one or more metals, semimetals, or alloy powders, and the igniter is ignited at a position close to the igniter. The main exothermic agent, the igniter, and the igniter are filled in a metal container, a pore is provided in a part of the wall of the metal container, and the ignition is caused by actuation from outside the container through the pore. An instantaneous heater characterized by having a structure that allows 2. The instantaneous heater according to claim 1, wherein the pores provided in a part of the wall of the metal container are in the shape of a thin tube.