JPH0272394A - Automatic rhythm play device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain shuffle effect closer to human play not only by delaying the sound generation timing of counter beats merely, but also by varying musical sound characteristics of sound volume, timbre, etc., according to the delay time. CONSTITUTION:Respective sound source parts 2a-2c are equipped with waveform memories 4a-4c stored with the waveforms of respective sound sources, address generators 6a-6c which generate addresses for reading the respective waveforms out of the waveform memories 4a-4c, voltage control filters 8a-8c for controlling the timbre of a musical sound generated by reading the respective waveforms out of the waveform memories 4a-4c, and voltage control amplifiers 10a-10c for controlling the sound volume of the generated musical sound. Then the sound generation timing is delayed a specific delay time behind normal timing and then the musical sound characteristics of the sound volume, timbre, etc., are varied corresponding to the delay time. Consequently, the shuffle effect closer to human play is obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field> The present invention relates to an automatic rhythm performance device, and particularly to an automatic rhythm performance device that shifts the timing of sound production and changes the characteristics of musical tones such as volume and timbre in relation to the shift. .

<Prior art> Conventionally, in an automatic rhythm performance device, the technique for producing a bouncy sound such as shirtful, bounce, swing, etc. is to change the timing from the original sounding timing of the backbeat, as shown in Figure 10. There is also a known technique to delay the backbeat and produce the backbeat.

<Invention or problem to be solved> However, when humans actually play rhythm, they not only delay the timing of pronunciation, but also change the volume and timbre of upbeats and backbeats, as shown in Figure 11. By adding variations, a unique bouncy feeling is expressed.

In other words, in a rhythm with a bouncy feel, the top beats are expressed strongly and the back beats are expressed somewhat weakly. The strength of the backbeat is also related to the delay time of the sounding timing, and becomes weaker as it approaches the beginning of the next beat.

However, the conventional automatic rhythm performance device simply delays the sounding timing, so there is a problem in that it is not possible to perform a more realistic shirtful.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic rhythm performance device that allows more realistic shirtful performance.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention shifts the sounding timing by a predetermined time from the original sounding timing by a delay means, and then responds to the shifted time, that is, the delay time. The characteristic of the musical tone generated by the musical tone is changed by the changing means. Here, the characteristics of the musical tone are changed by
It may be the backbeat or the front beat, or both may be changed.There are various characteristics of the musical tone to be changed, such as volume and timbre.

Further, the correspondence between the delay time and the musical tone characteristics may be determined in advance, or a means for arbitrarily changing the correspondence may be provided so that the player can change it according to his/her preference.

Also, if you want to apply shirtful only to a specific musical tone,
Shirtfull instruction information on whether to play shirtfull is stored in the memory together with the specific musical tone information, the tempo clock is counted by a tempo clock counter, the normal sounding timing is known, and at this time, shirtfull instruction information is stored from the memory. and the musical tone information is read out, and when the read shirtful instruction information does not instruct to play a shirtful, the sound is made at this regular pronunciation timing, and when the shirtful instruction information instructs to play a shirtful, After delaying the musical tone for a predetermined time, it is also possible to change the characteristics of the musical tone based on control information corresponding to the delay time and then generate the musical tone.

Note that the delay means may be one that counts the tempo clock or one that counts the master clock used to generate the tempo clock.

Effects> According to the present invention, when a shirtful is played, the normal pronunciation timing is delayed by a predetermined delay time, and then the musical sound characteristics such as volume and timbre are changed in accordance with the delay time. , it is possible to obtain a shirtful effect that is closer to human performance.

<Example> A first example is shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. As shown in FIG. 2, the automatic rhythm performance device of this embodiment has a total of three sound source sections: a bass drum 2a, a snare drum 2b, and a close-by bat 2c. Each of these sound source sections 2a, 2
b, 2C are waveform memories 4 that store the waveforms of each sound source;
a, 4b, 4c, and these waveform memories 4a, 4b, 4c
Address generators 6a, 6b, 6C that generate addresses for reading each waveform from the waveform memories 4a, 4b,
Voltage control filters 8a, 8b, 8 for controlling the timbre of musical tones generated by reading each waveform from 4c.
c, and voltage-controlled amplifiers 10a, 1Ob, and 10c for controlling the volume of musical tones generated.

12a, 12b, 12c are voltage control filters 8a, 8
The sample-and-hold circuits 14a, 14b, and 14c hold the control voltages supplied to the voltage control amplifiers 10a, lOb, Inc.

16 is a CPU which generates data for generating addresses in address generators 6a, 6b, 6c and sample-and-hold circuits 12a, 12b, 12c, 14a, 14b.
, +4c to generate the respective control voltages to be supplied to the D/A converters 18a, 18b, and 13c. Note that the D/A converters 18a, 18b,
The data supplied to 18c is here converted to an analog voltage and sent to sample and hold circuits 12a, 12b, 12 via multiplexers 20a, 20b, 20C.
c, 14a, 14b, and 14c. CPU
16 is provided with a memory in which programs are stored, rhythm patterns, etc., various registers used when the CPU 16 performs calculations, a timer for interrupting the CPU 16, a buffer, etc. It is being Furthermore, the CPU 15 is also provided with an operator 21 .

The operator 21 determines the tempo of the rhythm generated by this automatic rhythm performance device, selects a rhythm pattern to be played from among a large number of rhythm patterns stored in the memory, and performs a shirtful effect. The determined or selected information is supplied to the CPU 16 as operation information.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart when this automatic rhythm performance device performs the shirtful effect. When the timer counts the master clock by the number corresponding to the tempo set with the operator 21, the timer interrupts the CPU 16. put on. This interrupt signal is used as a tempo clock, and is counted by a counting counter N configured by software. When this count value reaches a predetermined value of 6 (in this embodiment, the generation time of 6 tenbo clocks corresponds to 16 notes), the pattern generated at that time is read out from the memory. The pattern includes information indicating which of the lotus drum, snare drum, and close-by-butt sound source units 2a, 2b, and 2c should produce musical sounds at what volume and with what tone, and the shirt. It also includes information indicating whether or not to perform the full effect. Then, it is determined whether the shirtfull effect is to be performed or not, and if the shirtfull effect is not to be performed, the sound source section designated by the read pattern information is caused to generate a musical tone at the designated volume. When performing the shirtful effect, the tempo clock is counted by a shirtful counter D configured by software up to a count number corresponding to a delay time instructed by operation of the operator 21 in advance. When this count ends, a musical tone is generated based on the timbre and volume that are calculated in advance based on the delay time.

Although the general operation of this automatic rhythm generator is as described above, it will be explained in more detail. Therefore, first, the structure of the memory will be explained with reference to FIG. Figure (a) shows a part of the pattern memory, 2/4
A volume data table VOLT and timbre data in which the volume and timbre at which each sound source section starts sounding are expressed in numbers from O to 10 at addresses 1 to 8 at each timing corresponding to a 16th note (six tenth note clock) in the case of time signatures. table T
It has an ONT. This volume data table VOLT
If the rhythm is played according to the following, the result will be as shown in Fig. 4(a).

Also provided is a shirtfull data table SDT in which shirtfull data indicating whether or not to apply the shirtfull effect to each sound source for each sixteenth note is stored in addresses 1 to 8. In the shirt full data table SDT,
When the shirtfull effect is applied, "1" is stored, and when it is not applied, "0" is stored. In this embodiment, the shirtfull effect is applied to addresses 3 and 7 of the close-by bat, that is, to each backbeat.

In addition, the volume data table vOLT for other time signatures,
A timbre data table TONT and a shirt full data table SDT are also provided, and their configurations are the same as those described above, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.

The memory is also provided with a shuffle interval data memory SDM as shown in 311W (b). This stores the shirtful interval data (delay time data) SID set by operating the shirtful interval data input means in the operator zl. In this example, the shirtful interval data SID is the same data for any sound to which the shirtful effect is applied, so the shuffle interval data SDM is created in a table similar to the data table provided with only one. may be configured.

In addition, a tone parameter TD, which determines the change in tone when the shirtfull effect is applied, and a volume parameter VD, which determines the change in volume when the shirtfull effect is applied, are stored for each address 1 to 8, respectively. Tone parameter memory TDM and volume parameter memory V for
A DM is also provided as shown in FIG. 3(a). For example, the tone balata 5-data TD and the volume parameter VD can be converted into shirtful interval data SID as follows.
Calculated automatically when set. In this example, the shirtfull effect is defined in the shirtfull data table SDT
is applied to the sounds at addresses 3 and 7 of Close Buy Bat, where is 1, but the volume data for both is 5 and the tone data is 3, so the shirtful interval data SI
If D is 4 as shown in the figure, c p U 16 is the shirtful interval data SID as shown in FIG.
The coefficient 0.6 corresponding to the shirtful interval data SID is read out from the table storing the relationship between the timbre parameter coefficient and the timbre parameter coefficient, and is multiplied by the timbre data 3 to set the timbre parameter TD to 1.8. Similarly, a coefficient 0.5 corresponding to shirtful interval data 4 is read out from a table storing the relationship between shirtful interval data SID and volume parameter coefficients as shown in FIG. 6, and multiplied by volume data 5. Then, a volume parameter of 2.5 is obtained. That is, the timbre parameter TD and the volume parameter VD
is a function of shirtful interval data SID.

In addition to using the above-mentioned table, for example, as shown in FIG. Approximating the relationship with a straight line, the timbre parameter coefficient is yt
In this case, the timbre parameter coefficient corresponding to the shirtful interval data may be obtained by calculating Yt=l-SID・α, and α may be arbitrarily changed using the operator 21. The same applies to the volume parameter coefficient. If α is arbitrarily changed in this manner, the relationship between the shirtful interval data SID and the timbre parameter TD (or volume parameter VD) can be arbitrarily changed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 8 shows a shirt full rule that is executed in response to the rise of an interrupt signal (tempo clock) that is generated every time the master clock is counted by the number timer set by the operator 21 in the main routine (not shown). It's Chin. The counting counter N and the shirtful counter D used in this routine are the counting counter N and the shirtful counter D, which are used to know the passage of time corresponding to the 16th note described in relation to FIG. These are the same as the shirt full counter D for the device, and these are initialized to O when the device is turned on, the start button is pressed, or the rhythm pattern is set. Ru. Note that the rhythm pattern is 2/4 time, and the shirtful interval data SID is set to 4 as described above.
As a result, the timbre parameter TD and volume parameter VD of address 3.7 of the close buy bat where the shirt full data table SDT] is 1 are 1.8 and 2, respectively.
．． It is assumed that the calculation is 5.

When the first tempo clock rises, it is first determined whether the value of the counting counter N is 0 (step Sl). In this case, since N=0 at the start of the rhythm, the answer is YES, so the counter N is incremented by one and becomes ■ (step S2). Subsequently, the hastrum, snare drum, and close-by-butt volume data and shirt full data are read from address 1 of the pattern memory (step S3). Next, it is determined whether each shirtful data is l (step S4). As is clear from FIG. 3(a), since both are "0" (the answer is No), the shirtful effect is I don't spend it. Therefore, the musical tones of the bass drum and close-by-butt tones are read out from the waveform memories 4a and 4c of the bass drum sound source section 2a and the close-by-butt sound source section 2c, and the D/A conversion 1
18aj8c, multiplexers 20a, 20c, sample and hold circuits 12a, 12c, 14a, 1
A control voltage is supplied to the voltage control filters 8a, 8c and the voltage control amplifiers 10a, 10c via the voltage control filter 4c, and the volume is controlled.
O1 tone of bass drum is 8, volume is 6, tone is 4
The close-by-butt musical tone is produced without any change in volume or timbre (step S5). Then, the process returns (step S6).

When the second tempo clock rises, step S1 is executed, but since the value of the counting counter N is l, the answer is NO, and the counting counter N is incremented by 1 (step S7). Therefore, the value of the counting counter N is 2. Then, it is determined whether the value of the counting counter N has reached a count value of 6 when the time corresponding to a 16th note has elapsed (step S8). However, since the value of the counting counter N is 2, the answer is No, and it is determined whether the value of the shirt full counter D is greater than 0 (step S9), but since it is still set to 0 by the initial setting, the process returns. (Step S6).

Thereafter, similarly, each time the 3rd, 4th, or 5th tempo clock rises, step S1.7.8.9.6
is executed, and the value of the counting counter N also increases sequentially to 3.4 and 5.

When the sixth tempo clock rises, step S1.7 is executed, and the value of the counting counter N becomes six. Therefore, the answer to step s8 is YES, the value of the counting counter N is set to 0 (step 5IO), and step S
9 is executed, and the process returns through step S6.

When the seventh tempo clock rises, the counting counter N
Since the value of is O, the answer to step S1 is YES.
Then, in step s2, the value of the counting counter N is set to l, and in step s3, the volume data, timbre data, and shirt full data at address 2 of the pattern memory are read out. However, as is clear from FIG. 3(a), since all the shirt full data are O, the answer to step s4 is No, so either step S5 is executed, or since all the volume data are 0, , no sound is produced and the process returns to step S6.

8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th
If the second tempo clock rises, the second and third tempo clocks rise.
The operation is the same as when the tempo clock is set to the 4th, 4th, and 5th and 6th tempo clocks. Therefore, since the 12th tempo clock has risen, the value of the counting counter N has become O.

When the 13th tempo clock rises, the value of the counting counter N is O, so the answer to step Sl is NO, and the value of the counting counter N becomes 1 in step s2.
In step s3, each volume data, tone color data, and each shirt full data at address 3 are read out. At this time, since the shirt full data of the close buy bat is 1, the answer to step s4 is YES, and shirt full interval data 5ID (=4) is set in the shirt full counter D (step 311). Either step S5 is executed, or the bass and snare drum whose shirt full data is 0 have volume data of 0, so they do not produce sound and return.

When the 14th tempo clock rises, step Sl
, 7.8 are executed, and the value of the counting counter N becomes 2,
Subsequently, step S9 is executed.

At this time, since the shirt full counter D is set to 4, the answer is YES, and the shirt full counter D is set to 4.
The value of is subtracted by 1 (step 512), resulting in 3. Then, it is determined whether the value of the shirt full counter D is 0, that is, whether the shirt full interval has elapsed (
Step 513) Since the answer is NO, the process returns.

At the rise of the 15th and 16th #r tempo clocks, steps Sl and 7.8.9 are executed in the same way as above, and the value of the counting counter N increases by 1 to 3.4. Following this, step S12.13 is executed, and the value of the shirt full counter D is decreased by 1, such as 2 and ■. And then return.

When the 17th tempo clock rises, step S1
．． Steps 7, 8, and 9 are executed, and the value of the counting counter N becomes 5. Subsequently, step S12 is executed, and the value of the shirt full counter D becomes O, and the answer to step S13 becomes YES.

As a result, the musical tone of the close-by-bat tone is read out from the waveform memory 4C of the close-by-bat sound source section 2C (step 514). Next, the timbre parameter TD (=1.8) is read out from the timbre parameter memory TDM, and based on this, it is sent to the voltage control filter 8c via the D/A converter 18c, the multiplexer 20c, and the sample-and-hold circuit 12c. A control voltage is supplied to change the tone (step 515). Furthermore, the volume parameter memory VDM is transferred from the volume parameter memory VDM (
= 2.5) is read out, and based on this, a control voltage is supplied to the voltage control amplifier 10c via the D/A converter 18c, multiplexer 20c, and sample-and-hold circuit 14c, and the volume changes or changes. (Step 51
6), Return. That is, the sound is produced with a delay of four tempo clocks from the original sound production timing, and changes in tone and volume associated with this delayed time.

Hereinafter, the 18th to 36th tempo clocks perform the same processing as the 1st to 18th tempo clocks.

Then, when the 37th tempo clock rises, the value of the counting counter N is 0, so the answer to step Sl is Y.
ES, the value of the counting counter N is set to 1 in step S2, and each volume data and shirt full data are read from address 7 of the pattern memory in step S3, but since the shirt full data of close buy bat is 1, step Sto's answer is YES, and in step Sll, the shirtfull interval data SID is stored in the shirtfull counter D.
or is set. Next, snare drum volume data 4
Since the timbre data is 4, in step S5, the snare drum tone is generated from the snare drum sound source section 2b at a volume of 4 and the timbre data is 4, and the process returns. Then, in the same way as described above, after four tempo clocks, the snare drum sound source section 2c outputs the tone parameter TD (=1.8
), the timbre and volume are changed and produced according to the volume parameter VD (=2.5).

Thereafter, the 38th to 48th tempo clocks operate in the same manner as the 2nd to 18th tempo clocks. Therefore, with this automatic rhythm performance stirrup, a rhythm performance as shown in FIG. 4(b) is performed.

The general operation of the second embodiment is shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9. In the first embodiment, the shirtfull counter D counts the tempo clock and measures the shirtfull interval. The resolution of cannot be less than the period of the tempo clock. The second embodiment improves this point. When applying the shirtful effect, the master clock is counted by timer 2, and when this count value becomes a value corresponding to the set shirtful interval, An interrupt is applied to cause the sound source section to generate sound with the tone color and volume changed based on the tone color parameter TD and volume parameter VD. In this way the second
In this embodiment, since the shirtful interval is measured by counting the master clock having a higher frequency than the tempo clock, it is possible to obtain a shirtful interval that is more finely adjusted than in the first embodiment.

In the above embodiment, the timbre parameter TD and the volume parameter VD are calculated when the shirtful interval data is set and stored in the timbre parameter memory TDM and the volume parameter memory VDM, but the shirtful interval data SID The timbre parameter TD and the volume parameter VD are changed from the time when it is determined that it is karlJ to the time when the shirtful interval has elapsed.
It is also possible to calculate.

In addition, in both of the above embodiments, the timing of the backbeat is delayed and the tone and volume are changed according to the delay time, but there are other ways to change the tone and volume. It is also possible to add parameters for the depth of change in tone and volume when full, and control the volume and tone regardless of the delay time of the sound generation timing. Furthermore, instead of changing the timbre and volume of the backbeat, the timbre and volume of the upbeat may be changed, or the timbre and volume of both the upbeat and the backbeat may be changed. In addition to changing the volume and tone, the speed of the rising envelope of the musical tone signal may be controlled.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, it not only delays the sounding timing of the backbeat, but also changes the musical sound characteristics such as volume and timbre according to the delay time, so that it is more human-friendly. You can get a shirt-full effect that is close to playing.

Further, since a means for arbitrarily setting the correspondence between musical tone characteristics and delay time is provided, the musical tone characteristics can be set to the player's preference.

Furthermore, since the delay time is measured using a master clock rather than a tempo clock, it is possible to obtain a minute delay time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the general operation of a first embodiment of the automatic rhythm performance device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the first embodiment, and FIG. A diagram showing the structure of the memory, FIG. 4(a) is a musical score showing the rhythm played when the shirtful effect is not applied in the first embodiment, and FIG. 4(b) is the musical score of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between shirtful interval data and timbre parameter coefficients in the first embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a musical score showing the rhythm played when the shirtful effect is applied. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another relationship between shirtful interval data and tone parameter coefficients in the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another relationship between shirtful interval data and tone parameter coefficients in the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the detailed operation of the first embodiment; FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the outline operation of the second embodiment;
This figure shows a performance state of a conventional automatic rhythm performance device, and FIG. 11 shows a state in which a person is playing a rhythm instrument. 2a, 2b, 2c = sound source, 16...CPU,
18a, 18b, 18c...D/A converter, 2
1...Controller. Figure ↓: Ryugomeei Processing Patent Applicant Roland Co., Ltd. Representative Tetsu Shimizu and 2 others Sai2
(21 Off Figure 23 (b) BD To"Bu" Bo) -ノ稟子8Figure fqFigure No. 4-: Liu Rishi ÷, Processing Sai 10 Figure

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In an automatic rhythm performance device that reads a rhythm pattern stored in a rhythm pattern memory according to a tempo clock, and uses the reading timing as musical sound generation timing to generate a musical tone corresponding to the rhythm pattern, the musical tone generation timing is delayed by a predetermined period of time. An automatic rhythm performance device comprising: means for changing characteristics of musical tones in accordance with the delay time. 2. The automatic rhythm performance device according to claim 1, further comprising: (2) means for arbitrarily setting the correspondence between the delay time and musical tone characteristics. (3) means for generating a tempo clock; information on a musical tone to be generated every time the tempo clock is counted a predetermined number; shuffle instruction information indicating whether or not to shuffle the musical tone; and shuffle delay time. a memory for storing delay time information representing the delay time and musical tone characteristic change information determined corresponding to the delay time; tempo clock counting means for counting the tempo clock; and a count value of the tempo clock counting means set to the predetermined value. reading means for reading out the musical tone information and shuffle instruction information from the memory each time a value is reached, and controlling a sound source section based on the read musical tone information when the read shuffle information does not instruct shuffling. a first control means for controlling the sound source based on the musical tone characteristic change information after a delay time corresponding to the delay time information has elapsed when the read shuffle information instructs to perform shuffling; An automatic rhythm performance device comprising: second control means for controlling. (4) The automatic rhythm performance device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the elapse of the delay time is detected by counting a master clock used to generate the tempo clock.