JPH0263087B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0263087B2 JPH0263087B2 JP58104924A JP10492483A JPH0263087B2 JP H0263087 B2 JPH0263087 B2 JP H0263087B2 JP 58104924 A JP58104924 A JP 58104924A JP 10492483 A JP10492483 A JP 10492483A JP H0263087 B2 JPH0263087 B2 JP H0263087B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- nozzle
- sub
- chamber
- sectional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/14—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は副室式機関の燃焼室に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a pre-chamber engine.
従来の渦流室式機関の副室噴口を第１図に示
す。図において、副燃焼室２はシリンダヘツド４
内に凹設されている。副燃焼室２の構造は、上部
が半球形，下部は円錐台のものあるいは円柱形の
もの等があるが、第１図には下部が円錐台のもの
を示す。副燃焼室２に燃料噴射弁５及び機関の始
動時に副燃焼室２内を予熱するグロープラグ６を
必要に応じて設置する。副燃焼室２は副室噴口３
を介してピストン７の頂面，シリンダ８，シリン
ダヘツド４の下面から構成される主燃焼室１と連
通している。 Figure 1 shows the subchamber nozzle of a conventional swirl chamber engine. In the figure, the auxiliary combustion chamber 2 is connected to the cylinder head 4.
It is recessed inside. The structure of the auxiliary combustion chamber 2 includes a hemispherical upper part and a truncated conical or cylindrical lower part, and FIG. 1 shows a truncated conical lower part. A fuel injection valve 5 and a glow plug 6 for preheating the inside of the auxiliary combustion chamber 2 at the time of starting the engine are installed in the auxiliary combustion chamber 2 as necessary. The auxiliary combustion chamber 2 is the auxiliary chamber nozzle 3
It communicates with the main combustion chamber 1, which is made up of the top surface of the piston 7, the cylinder 8, and the bottom surface of the cylinder head 4, through the piston 7.
機関運転時の圧縮行程で、ピストン７により主
燃焼室１内の空気が圧縮され、副室噴口３を経て
副燃焼室２内に流入し渦流Ｓを生成する。渦流Ｓ
の方向に沿つて燃料噴射弁５より燃料を噴射する
と、燃料は渦流Ｓと共に副燃焼室２内を旋回し、
燃料と空気の混合が行われ、着火，燃焼する。副
燃焼室２内から噴出される未燃燃料の主燃焼室１
内の空気との混合は副燃焼室２からのガス噴出に
より行われる。副燃焼室２から流出した噴流はシ
リンダ中心線Ｂ−Ｂに対し副燃焼室２と反対側の
シリンダ壁８まで到達し、壁面に衝突する。衝突
後はシリンダ壁８の壁面に沿つて分散する。 During the compression stroke during engine operation, air in the main combustion chamber 1 is compressed by the piston 7, flows into the auxiliary combustion chamber 2 through the auxiliary chamber nozzle 3, and generates a vortex S. Eddy current S
When fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve 5 along the direction of
Fuel and air are mixed, ignited, and burned. Main combustion chamber 1 from which unburned fuel is ejected from the auxiliary combustion chamber 2
Mixing with the air inside is performed by gas jetting out from the sub-combustion chamber 2. The jet flow flowing out from the sub-combustion chamber 2 reaches the cylinder wall 8 on the opposite side of the sub-combustion chamber 2 with respect to the cylinder center line BB, and collides with the wall surface. After the collision, the particles disperse along the wall surface of the cylinder wall 8.
しかし上記のものには次の欠点がある。 However, the above method has the following drawbacks.
主燃焼室１での混合気形成，燃焼を良好にする
には、短時間で噴流が上記シリンダ壁８まで到達
せねばならない。 In order to improve mixture formation and combustion in the main combustion chamber 1, the jet must reach the cylinder wall 8 in a short time.
一般に渦流式副室の場合は、吸，排気弁等の配
置のため構造的に副室をピストン中心側へ寄せて
設置することができない。そのため、副室噴口３
の通路面積を小さくし、噴流速度を大きくしてい
るので、副室噴口３の絞り損失及び主燃焼室１内
の熱損失が大きい。 Generally, in the case of a vortex-type sub-chamber, it is structurally impossible to install the sub-chamber closer to the center of the piston due to the arrangement of intake and exhaust valves, etc. Therefore, the subchamber nozzle 3
Since the passage area is made small and the jet velocity is made large, the throttling loss of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 and the heat loss in the main combustion chamber 1 are large.
副室噴口角度θを小さくすると、主燃焼室１内
の噴流ペネトレーシヨンが大きくなるので副室噴
口３の通路面積を大きくできる。 When the pre-chamber nozzle angle θ is made smaller, the jet penetration within the main combustion chamber 1 becomes larger, so that the passage area of the pre-chamber nozzle 3 can be increased.
しかし、第２図のような直線状の従来の副室噴
口３で副室噴口角度θを小さくすると、膨張行程
時の副燃焼室２から主燃焼室１へのガス噴出にお
いて、副燃焼室２内の渦流旋回方向と主燃焼室１
へのガス噴出方向の角度差（180−θ）゜が大き
くなるため、主燃焼室１へのガスが流出しにくく
なり、副室噴口絞り損失が大きくなる。 However, if the pre-chamber nozzle angle θ is made small in the conventional sub-chamber nozzle 3 which is linear as shown in FIG. Swirling direction of vortex flow inside and main combustion chamber 1
Since the angular difference (180-θ) degrees in the direction of gas ejection to the main combustion chamber 1 increases, it becomes difficult for gas to flow out to the main combustion chamber 1, and the throttling loss at the subchamber nozzle increases.
本発明の目的は上記の点に着目し、副室噴口の
絞り損失を低減し、主燃焼室内の燃料と空気の混
合，燃焼を改善するために、副燃焼室から主燃焼
室へのガス流出を容易にし、主燃焼室内の噴流ペ
ネトレーシヨンを向上させるための副室噴口の形
状を提供することであり、その特徴とするところ
は、主燃焼室と副燃焼室とを連通する副室噴口の
軸線の主燃焼室側開口部における流出角度を副燃
焼室中心線に直角な平面に対しθ1で表わし、上記
副室噴口の軸線の副燃焼室側開口部における上記
副燃焼室中心線に直角な平面に対する流出角度を
θ2とするとき、θ1＜θ2なる関係を有する副室噴口
において、同副室噴口の通路壁面のうち、シリン
ダ中心線Ｂ−Ｂ側に位置する噴口通路壁面の副燃
焼室側開口端部近傍をえぐることにより副燃焼室
側開口部の噴口通路断面積を主燃焼室側開口部の
噴口通路断面積よりも大きく形成したことであ
る。 The purpose of the present invention is to focus on the above points, and to reduce the throttling loss of the sub-chamber nozzle and improve the mixing and combustion of fuel and air in the main combustion chamber. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shape of the pre-chamber nozzle to facilitate combustion and improve the jet penetration within the main combustion chamber. The outflow angle at the main combustion chamber side opening of the axis of the sub-combustion chamber is expressed as θ 1 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the sub-combustion chamber center line, and the outflow angle at the sub-combustion chamber side opening of the axis of the sub-chamber nozzle is When the outflow angle with respect to a perpendicular plane is θ 2 , in the pre-chamber nozzle having the relationship θ 1 <θ 2 , the nozzle passage wall surface located on the cylinder center line B-B side among the passage wall surfaces of the pre-chamber nozzle By hollowing out the vicinity of the opening end on the side of the auxiliary combustion chamber, the cross-sectional area of the nozzle passage at the opening on the side of the auxiliary combustion chamber is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the nozzle passage at the opening on the side of the main combustion chamber.
以下図面を参照して本発明による実施例につき
説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第３図は本発明による第１実施例の燃焼室を示
す断面図、第４図は第３図の副室噴口を拡大して
示す断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the combustion chamber of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the subchamber nozzle in FIG. 3.
図において、副燃焼室２の構造は上部が半球
形，下部は円錐台のもの、あるいは円柱形のもの
等があるが、第３図には下部が円錐台のものを示
す。 In the figure, the structure of the auxiliary combustion chamber 2 includes a hemispherical upper part and a truncated conical or cylindrical lower part, and FIG. 3 shows a truncated conical lower part.
副室噴口３の主燃焼室側開口端における流出角
度θ1，副燃焼室側開口端における流出角度をθ2と
するとき、θ1＜θ2なる関係を副室噴口３の軸線を
湾曲状（円弧と直線の組合せ）にすることにより
構成している。 When the outflow angle at the main combustion chamber side opening end of the pre-chamber nozzle 3 is θ 1 and the outflow angle at the sub-combustion chamber side opening end is θ 2 , the relationship θ 1 <θ 2 is established when the axis of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is curved. (a combination of circular arcs and straight lines).
副燃焼室中心線Ａ−Ａとシリンダ中心線Ｂ−Ｂ
を含む平面Ｃにより副室噴口３を切つた時の噴口
通路断面のうち、シリンダ中心線Ｂ−Ｂ側に位置
する噴口通路壁面の副燃焼室側開口部近傍を、副
燃焼室側開口部の噴口通路断面積f2が主燃焼室側
開口部の噴口通路面積f1よりも大きくなるよう
に、直線形でえぐる。 Sub-combustion chamber center line A-A and cylinder center line B-B
Of the nozzle passage cross-section when the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is cut by a plane C including It is scooped out in a straight line so that the nozzle passage cross-sectional area f 2 is larger than the nozzle passage area f 1 at the opening on the main combustion chamber side.
上記構成の場合の作用，効果について述べる。 The functions and effects of the above configuration will be described.
本発明による副室噴口３にすると、上記角度
θ2、噴口通路断面積f2が大きいため、膨張行程
時、副燃焼室２から主燃焼室１へのガス流出が容
易となる。さらに、副室噴口３の角度θ1、噴口通
路断面積f1が小さいため、主燃焼室１内の噴流ペ
ネトレーシヨンが増し、未燃燃料と空気の混合，
燃焼が促進される。 When the sub-chamber nozzle 3 according to the present invention is used, the angle θ 2 and the nozzle passage cross-sectional area f 2 are large, so that gas easily flows out from the sub-combustion chamber 2 to the main combustion chamber 1 during the expansion stroke. Furthermore, since the angle θ 1 of the pre-chamber nozzle 3 and the nozzle passage cross-sectional area f 1 are small, the jet penetration inside the main combustion chamber 1 increases, resulting in a mixture of unburned fuel and air.
Combustion is promoted.
従つて、副室噴口３での絞り損失，主燃焼室１
内での熱損失を低減でき、燃費，排煙が改善され
ると共に、機関の低騒音化，高速化，始動性の向
上を図ることができる。 Therefore, the throttling loss at the pre-chamber nozzle 3, the main combustion chamber 1
It is possible to reduce heat loss within the engine, improve fuel efficiency and smoke emissions, and also achieve lower engine noise, higher speed, and improved startability.
第５図は本発明による第２実施例の燃焼室の副
室噴口を示す断面図である。 FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the subchamber nozzle of the combustion chamber of the second embodiment of the present invention.
この場合は、第１実施例において副室噴口３断
面のえぐり部を半径Ｒなる円弧と直線の組合せで
構成している。 In this case, in the first embodiment, the hollowed out section of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is configured by a combination of a circular arc with radius R and a straight line.
作用，効果は第１実施例とほぼ同様である。 The operation and effect are almost the same as in the first embodiment.
第６図は本発明による第３実施例の燃焼室の副
室噴口を示す断面図である。 FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the subchamber nozzle of the combustion chamber of the third embodiment of the present invention.
この場合は、第１実施例において副室噴口３断
面のえぐり部を半径Ｒなる円弧で構成している。 In this case, in the first embodiment, the hollowed out section of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is formed by an arc having a radius R.
作用，効果は第１実施例とほぼ同様である。 The operation and effect are almost the same as in the first embodiment.
第７図は本発明による第４実施例の燃焼室の副
室噴口を示す断面図である。 FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a subchamber nozzle of a combustion chamber in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
この場合は、第１実施例において副室噴口３断
面のえぐり部先端（副燃焼室側開口端）を丸めた
もの（半径ｒ）、あるいは削り落したものであり、
第７図には前者を示す。 In this case, the tip of the hollowed out section of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 (opening end on the sub-combustion chamber side) in the first embodiment is rounded (radius r) or shaved off.
FIG. 7 shows the former.
作用，効果は第１実施例とほぼ同様であるが、
前記えぐり部先端の溶損，亀裂等を防止でき、耐
久性の点で優れている。第２，第３実施例につい
ても、同様なことが言える。 The action and effect are almost the same as in the first embodiment, but
It is possible to prevent melting damage, cracks, etc. at the tip of the hollowed out portion, and is excellent in durability. The same can be said about the second and third embodiments.
第８図は本発明による第５実施例の燃焼室を示
す断面図である。 FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a combustion chamber of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.
この場合は、第１実施例において副燃焼室中心
線Ａ−Ａをシリンダ中心線Ｂ−Ｂに対し傾斜させ
たものである。 In this case, the sub-combustion chamber centerline A-A is inclined with respect to the cylinder centerline B-B in the first embodiment.
作用，効果は第１実施例とほぼ同様である。 The operation and effect are almost the same as in the first embodiment.
第９図は本発明による第６実施例の燃焼室を示
す断面図である。 FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a combustion chamber of a sixth embodiment according to the present invention.
この場合は、第１実施例において副室噴口３の
軸線を折れ線により構成している。 In this case, in the first embodiment, the axis of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is formed by a polygonal line.
作用，効果は第１実施例とほぼ同様であるが、
副室噴口３形状が比較的単純なため（軸線が折れ
線で構成されている）、加工が容易であり生産性
の面で優れている。第２〜５実施例についても同
様なことが言える。 The action and effect are almost the same as in the first embodiment, but
Since the shape of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is relatively simple (the axis is composed of a polygonal line), it is easy to process and is excellent in terms of productivity. The same can be said of the second to fifth embodiments.
第１０図は本発明による第７実施例の燃焼室を
示す断面図である。 FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a combustion chamber of a seventh embodiment according to the present invention.
この場合は、第１実施例において副室噴口３の
軸線を半径R′なる円弧で構成している。 In this case, in the first embodiment, the axis of the sub-chamber nozzle 3 is constituted by a circular arc having a radius R'.
作用，効果は第１実施例とほぼ同様である。 The operation and effect are almost the same as in the first embodiment.
第２〜５実施例についても同様なことが言え
る。 The same can be said of the second to fifth embodiments.
第１図は従来の副室噴口を有する燃焼室を示す
断面図、第２図は副燃焼室から主燃焼室へのガス
流出状態を示す説明図、第３図は本発明による第
１実施例の燃焼室を示す断面図、第４図は第３図
の副室噴口を拡大して示す断面図、第５図は本発
明による第２実施例の燃焼室の副室噴口を示す断
面図、第６図は本発明による第３実施例の燃焼室
の副室噴口を示す断面図、第７図は本発明による
第４実施例の燃焼室の副室噴口を示す断面図、第
８図は本発明による第５実施例の燃焼室を示す断
面図、第９図は本発明による第６実施例の燃焼室
を示す断面図、第１０図は本発明による第７実施
例の燃焼室を示す断面図である。
１……主燃焼室、２……副燃焼室、３……副室
噴口、Ａ−Ａ……副燃焼室中心線。
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion chamber having a conventional sub-chamber nozzle, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a gas outflow state from the sub-combustion chamber to the main combustion chamber, and Fig. 3 is a first embodiment according to the present invention. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the pre-chamber nozzle of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the pre-chamber nozzle of the combustion chamber of the second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the pre-chamber nozzle of the combustion chamber according to the third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the pre-chamber nozzle of the combustion chamber of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion chamber of a fifth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion chamber of a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion chamber of a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1...Main combustion chamber, 2...Sub-combustion chamber, 3...Sub-chamber nozzle, A-A...Sub-combustion chamber center line.
Claims (1)
軸線の主燃焼室側開口部における流出角度を副燃
焼室中心線に直角な平面に対しθ1で表わし、上記
副室噴口の軸線の副燃焼室側開口部における上記
副燃焼室中心線に直角な平面に対する流出角度を
θ2とするとき、θ1＜θ2なる関係を有する副室噴口
において、同副室噴口の通路壁面のうち、シリン
ダ中心線Ｂ−Ｂ側に位置する噴口通路壁面の副燃
焼室側開口部近傍をえぐることにより副燃焼室側
開口部の噴口通路断面積を主燃焼室側開口部の噴
口通路断面積よりも大きく形成したことを特徴と
する副室式機関の燃焼室。1 The outflow angle at the main combustion chamber side opening of the axis of the sub-chamber nozzle that communicates the main combustion chamber and the sub-combustion chamber is expressed as θ 1 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the sub-combustion chamber center line, and the axis of the sub-chamber nozzle is When the outflow angle with respect to the plane perpendicular to the center line of the sub-combustion chamber at the opening on the sub-combustion chamber side is θ 2 , in the sub-chamber nozzle having the relationship θ 1 < θ 2 , the passage wall surface of the sub-chamber nozzle By gouging out the vicinity of the auxiliary combustion chamber side opening of the nozzle passage wall located on the cylinder centerline B-B side, the nozzle passage cross-sectional area of the auxiliary combustion chamber side opening is changed to the nozzle passage cross-sectional area of the main combustion chamber side opening. The combustion chamber of a pre-chamber engine is characterized by being larger than the combustion chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58104924A JPS59231128A (en) | 1983-06-14 | 1983-06-14 | Combustion chamber for subsidiary chamber type engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58104924A JPS59231128A (en) | 1983-06-14 | 1983-06-14 | Combustion chamber for subsidiary chamber type engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59231128A JPS59231128A (en) | 1984-12-25 |
| JPH0263087B2 true JPH0263087B2 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
Family
ID=14393646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58104924A Granted JPS59231128A (en) | 1983-06-14 | 1983-06-14 | Combustion chamber for subsidiary chamber type engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59231128A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56156412A (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1981-12-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion chamber for auxiliary chamber system internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5867929U (en) * | 1981-10-31 | 1983-05-09 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Diesel engine vortex chamber |
-
1983
- 1983-06-14 JP JP58104924A patent/JPS59231128A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56156412A (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1981-12-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion chamber for auxiliary chamber system internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59231128A (en) | 1984-12-25 |
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