JPH0262463B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Technical field] The present invention has extremely little internal distortion due to winding positions such as the inner and outer layers of the package and the center of the end face, has uniform and level dyeing yarn quality, and has little change in yarn quality over time, and can be put into practical use as is. The present invention relates to a method for winding polyester fibers that can withstand high temperatures. [Prior art and its problems] Generally, most of the polyester fibers that can be put to practical use are supplied on the market as packages in the form of pear or cheese. However, these polyester fibers have a large difference in internal strain depending on the winding position of the package, especially between the end faces and the center of the package, and when used as yarn for knitted fabrics, periodic sink spots, A problem arises in that dyeing spots are likely to occur and the quality of the woven or knitted fabric is significantly degraded. For this reason, it tends to have limited uses and lack versatility. We investigated the cause of this and came to the following conclusion. (1) For a cheese-shaped package, it is necessary to traverse the yarn at high speed using a traverse guide that reciprocates at high speed during winding. For this reason, the effective winding tension at both ends of the traverse is higher than that at the center, causing excessive strain in the yarn. Moreover, a large impact force is applied to the yarn due to the sudden turn of the traverse, and yarn pooling is likely to occur at both end surfaces, making it easy for large strains to occur. Therefore, from the time of winding, both end surfaces are in a state of large internal strain. This tendency is amplified as the winding speed increases because the traverse speed also increases accordingly. (2) Purn-shaped packages are generally wound by a stretching method using a stretch twisting machine. During winding, since the spindle rotational speed is nearly constant, the rotational speed of the travel changes with the amount of winding, so the actual winding tension changes. For this reason, different strains are applied to each layer of yarn at the time of winding. Furthermore, in the case of a pirn shape, depending on the winding position,
Since the tightening force of the thread is different, the rate and amount of relaxation of internal strain after winding are different, especially between the end faces of the pirn and the center, and the magnitude of the residual internal strain is amplified over time. (3) Relaxation of internal strain after winding occurs in both paan-shaped and cheese-shaped packages, but this occurs when the tension of the amorphous part of the wound yarn is higher, that is, the degree of orientation of the amorphous part is higher. The more the thread is wound, the easier it is to relax. For the above reasons, when a woven or knitted fabric is knitted and heat treated, the fixed strain is released and the amount of strain differs, causing problems such as sink spots and dye spots. Therefore, we conducted various studies to solve these problems, and found that the physical properties of the thread of the wound package were as follows: Crystalline orientation of the yarn (fc) fc≧0.85 Degree of amorphous orientation of the yarn (fa) fa≦ 0.50 The variation range ΔT of the stretch tension value during 4% stretching measured in the fiber axis direction is 0.1 g/d
Below, the difference R between the average values of the stretch tension values at the center part and end face parts of the package is 0.1.
It has been found that the problem can be solved by setting it to less than g/d.
However, it was found that special winding conditions were required in order to obtain a polyester fiber having the above-mentioned properties and capable of withstanding practical use, and as a result of further study, the present invention was arrived at. [Object of the invention] That is, the object of the present invention is to
It has very little internal distortion due to the winding position between the middle and outer layers or between the center and end faces, has a uniform and level dyeing quality, and has the above-mentioned desired characteristics of little change in quality over time, so it can be put into practical use. The purpose of this invention is to propose a method for winding polyester fibers that is durable. [Structure of the Invention] In other words, the present invention melt-spun a polyester polymer, discharged it from a spinneret, cooled and solidified it, and then applied an oil agent to give the yarn a water entanglement number of 1 to 70.
In this method, a spindle drive type winder is used as the winder, and the package during winding is completely different from other ones. The spindle itself, which is in contact with the bobbin, is moved reciprocally at a speed T (cm/sec) that satisfies the following formula, and the thread path is always moved at a substantially constant position without reciprocating. This is a polyester fiber winding method characterized by winding at a winding speed of 5000 m/min or more. V/2400≦T≦V/180, where V is the winding speed (m/min) The present invention will be explained in detail. The winding speed must be 5000 m/min or more. A winding speed of 5500 m/min or higher is preferred. This kind of yarn spun at a high speed of 5000m/min or more is
Due to the structure development and formation during spinning, the yarn becomes a thread with an internal structure in which the degree of crystal orientation fc is fc≧0.85 (preferably fc≧0.88) and the degree of amorphous orientation fa is fa≦0.50 (preferably fa≦0.4). Since the intermolecular force of is strong and strong, it is possible to put it into practical use as it is spun. If the speed is less than 5000 m/min, the yarn cannot be used as it is due to high elongation and high shrinkage. It is necessary to wind up such a yarn spun at a high speed of 5000 m/min or more in such a way that strain is not applied as much as possible during winding, and the amount of strain applied does not vary depending on the winding position. For this reason, it is necessary to use a spindle drive type winder as the winder, and to wind the package in a completely non-contact state with other objects. Even with a spindle drive type winder, it is not advisable to use roller bales that come into contact with the package, for example to control the winding speed. Even for other purposes, if there is a roller-like object that comes into contact with the package cage, it will press down the package cage with a certain amount of surface pressure, which will cause the wound yarn to be pressed against each other and cause extra strain during winding. At the same time, the yarns overlap excessively, resulting in poor unwinding properties. That is, in the present invention, it is important that the package being wound does not come into contact with any other object. Therefore, in order to control the winding speed, the winding tension is detected and the spindle rotation speed is decreased according to the amount of winding to maintain a constant tension, or the pattern of decrease in the spindle rotation speed is memorized in advance.
Program control or the like is applied to reduce the number of rotations depending on the winding time. In the present invention, using such a spindle drive type winding machine, the spindle itself to which the bobbin is attached must be reciprocated at a speed of V/2400 to V/180 (cm/sec) to form a package. However, V
is the winding speed (m/min). Since the spindle itself performs a reciprocating motion in this manner, the thread to be wound on the bobbin always runs at a substantially constant position without having its thread path moved as in a traverse motion. Therefore, there is almost no variation in the winding tension depending on the winding position of the package, and when winding at ultra-high speeds of 5000 m/min or more, there is extremely little strain on the yarn, resulting in a uniform package. . If the reciprocating speed T of the spindle is faster than V/180 (cm/sec), the inertial force of the spindle when folding both end faces of the package cage is too large, causing the package cage itself to chatter or buckle. be. This phenomenon becomes particularly noticeable as the amount of winding increases. On the other hand, when the value is less than V/2400 (cm/sec), the deviation due to traverse between the previously wound yarn and the next wound yarn on the package surface is small, and the yarns are too close to each other. For this reason, tension fluctuations during unwinding are large, causing problems in higher-order processes. In order to reliably solve the above problem, it is preferable to control the voltage within the range of V/1800≦T≦V/300 (cm/sec). By sequentially decreasing the winding width as the winding diameter of the yarn increases, a preferable taper angle can be imparted to the package, and a stable package form can be formed. Also, before winding, the yarn has a water entanglement number of 1 to 70.
It is necessary to intertwine the yarn at a ratio of 1/m to improve the speed-collecting performance of the yarn. By performing the interlacing treatment during spinning, it is possible to prevent abnormally high strain or stress from being applied to each single yarn during winding. The degree of entanglement is achieved by providing a disturbance that slightly disturbs the parallelism so that the filaments are not completely parallel. The position where the interlacing process is performed is before the first godet roller, between the first godet roller and the second godet roller, or at the second godet roller.
It can be arbitrarily selected between the godet roller and the winding machine depending on the purpose. In particular, when installed between the final take-up godet roller (second godet roller in the above case) and the winder, the yarn path is constant and the winding tension is constant, so the entangling tension is constant and uniform entangling is achieved. This is preferable because it allows processing. Furthermore, even when the yarn is installed in front of the first godet roller or between the first and second godet rollers, the yarn is entangled and bundled at the exit of the final take-up godet roller, so the yarn separation is easy.
In addition, since the winding tension is always constant, it is possible to form a package with extremely low winding tension, which is preferable. Thus, the present invention utilizes 5,000 fibers to obtain packages of polyester fibers with the desired properties.
This can only be achieved by winding yarn spun at a high speed of m/min or higher under specific winding conditions such as the reciprocating speed of the spindle. On the other hand, undrawn yarn (lowly oriented, low crystalline yarn)
Drawn yarns obtained by a drawn twist winding method in which a drawn yarn is supplied and drawn in a draw-twisting machine to produce a drawn yarn, or a direct spinning and drawing method in which spinning and drawing are continuous, have a high Since the yarn is oriented, the orientation of the amorphous part after winding is greatly relaxed, causing stress distribution in the package over time.
Since the above-mentioned problem occurs, the present invention is not applicable. Also, even if the winding speed is simply set to 5000 m/min,
Unless the yarn is wound under the winding conditions specified in the present invention, the yarn of the wound package will not have the desired properties. The Surf Ace Drive type winder, which is widely used as a spinning winder, winds the package by contacting the drive roll, and the cheese winder, which winds the package into a cheese shape, also has a drive roll. It requires reciprocating motion and cannot be applied to the present invention. In order to make the polyester fibers wound around the package more uniform, it is more effective to take into consideration the tension during winding and the bobbin diameter. That is, since the relaxation of strain after the package is formed depends on the tightening force, it is preferable to lower the tightening force as much as possible. Generally, the tightening force P of the package is expressed at a distance r from the center of the package as follows: P=T(r)/r [T(r); winding tension], and it is preferable to decrease the value of P. Specifically, the winding tension T(r) is lowered or the radius of the innermost layer portion is increased. That is,
Possible measures include increasing the bobbin diameter. The winding tension T(r) is preferably 0.3 g/d rather than 0.5 g/d.
Make it less than d. The bobbin diameter is preferably 2 inches or more from the viewpoint of production efficiency. An example of an embodiment of the winding method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the spinning and winding process according to the present invention. The polyester yarn Y melted and discharged from the nozzle 1 is cooled and solidified while passing through a cooling device 2, and then passes through an oil supply device 3 to a pair of first godet rollers 4 and second godet rollers that rotate at a circumferential speed of 5000 m/min or more. 5. The yarn coming out of the second godet roller 5 is subjected to appropriate interlacing treatment by an interlace nozzle 6, passes through a yarn guide 8, and is turned into a pirn shape by a winding device 9.
It is wound up at a speed of m/min or higher. The winding device 9 is of a spindle drive type and is independently driven by a drive motor 10. The drive motor 10 is controlled via a tension detector 7 for detecting winding tension and a control panel 13. The drive motor is controlled by a control panel 13 consisting of a power controller 12 and a tension setting device 11 so that the winding tension is constant, and the winding speed is always controlled to be constant. The winding device (spindle) 9 is a hydraulic cylinder 1
4, and the winding device 9, that is, the package 15 itself reciprocates due to the movement of the hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, the yarn does not move back and forth, but always travels in essentially the same position and is wound onto the package. The rotating package 15 is rotated without contacting anything. Note that the meaning of "running in substantially the same position" includes cases where the yarn sways slightly due to entanglement treatment, fluctuations in spinning tension, etc., and cases such as those shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 2 shows a state A at the beginning of winding on the bobbin 16 and a state B where the winding is thickened to some extent, but if the thread guide 8 is fixed, the thread guide will change as shown in FIG. 2B depending on the amount of winding. It is also allowed to move sequentially as shown by θ. Of course, a more preferable method would be to move the thread guide 8 and the winding device 9 little by little according to the amount of winding so that θ does not occur so that θ=0°. The polyester in the present invention means a polyester having ethylene terephthalate units as the main repeating unit, and polyethylene terephthalate is the main target, but if it contains 80 mol% or more of polyethylene terephthalate, it may be a copolyester copolymerized with a third component. But that's fine. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the polyester fiber can be applied to various known irregular cross-sections from a round cross-section. [Effects of the Invention] The polyester fiber package obtained by the spinning and winding method of the present invention has an amorphous part orientation lower than 0.50 and a crystal orientation degree of less than 0.50.
Since it is higher than 0.85, it is uniform over the entire package, so the heat setting effect is high, and heat setting unevenness due to the winding layer of the package is small. Above all, it is the best yarn for high twisting applications. Since the take-up speed is 5000 m/min or more, it exhibits high productivity and can significantly reduce the yarn manufacturing cost. The variation width ΔT of the stretch tension value during 4% stretching measured in the fiber axis direction is 0.1 g/d.
The following is preferably 0.07 g/d or less, and the difference R between the average values of the center portion and end surface portion of the package for the same stretch tension values as above is 0.1
g/d or less, making it an extremely uniform yarn. A package having desired characteristics such as the following can be obtained. Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention, specific examples will be described, and the measured values used in the examples were obtained by the following measurement method. (1) Regarding crystal orientation fc fc, Kure, Kubo, Koka, 39 , 929
(1939) using the following formula. fc=180−H ₍₀₁₀₎ /180 Here, H ₍₀₁₀₎ is determined by X-ray diffraction method.The detector is set at the (010) diffraction peak position on the equator line, and the sample is rotated at 8°/min within the sample plane. It can be measured by Let H _{(010) be the half width of the intensity distribution curve of (010)} . Note that the X-ray diffraction conditions are the following general formula conditions. CuKα radiation (using Ni filter) Output: 35KV-15mA Slit system: 2mmφ pinhole goniometer: Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd. Receiving slit: 1 x 1'mm Time constant: 1sec (2) Amorphous orientation fa Calculate using the following formula. fa=Δn− _0.212fc However, in the case of threads with irregular cross-sections, the measurement is carried out by the interference microscopy method described in JP-A No. 48-35112. Xc: Crystallinity calculated from the density ρ determined by the density method using the formula Xc = ρ−1.335/0.12. _TiO2
If it contains TiO ₂ correction. fc is the degree of crystal orientation described in item 1. (3) Variation range ΔT of stretch tension value during 4% stretching Test yarn 1 unraveled from the package 15 shown in Figure 3, which is a model diagram of the measuring device for measuring ΔT.
7, the primary tension is adjusted to 0.1 g/d by the tension adjusting device 19 via the guide 18, and the primary tension is adjusted to 0.2 g/d by the dancer roller 21 and the load 21' between the constant speed rollers 20 and 22. After applying a load and adjusting the tension to a constant tension, roller 2 is stretched by 4% between rollers 22 and 24 arranged at 150 mm intervals.
4, run continuously at a surface speed of 80 m/min. At this time, the tension fluctuation in the extension part is detected by a pick-up 23 and recorded at a chart speed of 60 mm/min. In the figure, f indicates a friction roller, S indicates a separate roller, and 25 indicates a winding machine. FIG. 4 shows an example of a chart obtained by measuring with the apparatus shown in FIG. 3. Select five of the largest tension fluctuation ranges in a chart length of 15 cm at an arbitrary part ΔT ₁ , ΔT ₂ ...Assuming ΔT ₅ , the average value ₅ 〓 ⁱ⁼¹ ΔTi/5 is the fluctuation range ΔT. (4) Difference R between the average values of the stretch tension values at the center and end portions of the package during 4% stretching. Measured using the same device shown in Figure 3 as used for the ΔT measurement. FIG. 5 shows a typical stretch tension chart, where t is the part wrapped around the end face of the package, and P is the part wrapped around the center part of the package. As shown in Fig. 5, let Xt be the average value of the stretch tension values at the end portions, and let the average value of the stretch tension values at the center portion be R=|
Calculate as X _t − |. (4) Method for measuring the number of entanglements on water Prepare a container with a length of 1 m, a width of 10 to 20 cm, and a depth of 2 to 3 cm that can constantly supply fresh water and drain excess water. Next, fill the container with water and adjust the valve so that a small amount of water overflows while constantly supplying a small amount of fresh water. (This is to prevent the oil agent adhering to the yarn from spreading on the water surface when the polyester multifilament yarn is immersed, making it difficult for the yarn to open when a new yarn is immersed next.) (In other words, this is to constantly supply fresh water to remove the oil film that spreads on the water surface.) Next, the polyester multifilament yarn was unwound from the package and a load of 200 mg was applied. Measure 1m. This thread is relaxed by 1% and floats on the water surface of the container. Next, read the number of intertwined points where the yarn is completely converged, and calculate the number per 1 m. (At this time, if even one filament is separated, it should not be read as an intertwined point.) Repeat this measurement 10 times and take the average value as the number of entanglements on water (co/m). Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity [η] = 0.61 was melted at a spinning temperature of 290°C, and a spout having 24 holes with a diameter of 0.3 mm was used to obtain a discharge amount such that the total denier of the wound yarn was 50 denier. It was melt spun. The spinning and winding apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used, and the winding was carried out by changing the winding speed and the reciprocating speed of the spindle. The entangling pressure was 3 Kg/cm ² and the taper angle was 20°.
The conditions and yarn properties obtained are shown in Table 1. Standard No.
The number of entanglements on the water of 1 to 9 was 5 to 20 pieces/m.

[Table] The yarn was measured.
In the table, levels No. 1, 3 and 9 are comparative examples for clarifying the effects of the present invention. Level 2, 4
Items 1 to 8 are in accordance with the present invention, and packages having desired characteristics were obtained. Comparative example Polyethylene terephthalate with intrinsic viscosity [η] = 0.61 was melted at a spinning temperature of 290°C, and using a spinneret with 24 holes with a diameter of 0.3 mm, the flow rate was such that the denier of the drawn yarn was 50 denier. Samples 1 and 2 were obtained by performing one roll of melt spinning under various conditions. <Sample 1> The thread discharged from the spinneret is cooled and solidified, coated with oil and taken off at a speed of 1000 m/min by a pair of Nelson-type heated rollers heated to 85°C.
After stretching 3.5 times with a pair of Nelson-type heating rollers heated to 160°C, the same spindle drive type winder as in Example 1 was used at a spindle reciprocating speed of 10.
It was wound into a pirn shape with a taper angle of 20° at a speed of 3500 m/min in cm/sec. <Sample 2> The winding speed was adjusted using the equipment shown in Figure 1 except for the winder.
High-speed spinning was performed at 6000 m/min. As a winder, a TW601 cheese winder manufactured by Toray Engineering Co., Ltd. was used. Table 2 shows the yarn properties obtained by winding at a take-up speed of 6000 m/min and a traverse speed of 3230 cpm.

[Table] Sample 1 has too large fa of the yarn obtained. Moreover, R increases after aging, resulting in so-called pern marks, which deteriorate the quality of the fabric. In sample 2, the R of the yarn is large in order to apply an impact to the yarn at a high traverse speed. As described above, if both the spinning conditions and the winding conditions are not satisfied, a fabric of good quality cannot be obtained. Example 2 A yarn was obtained under the same conditions as Example 1 Level No. 5 except that the entangling pressure was changed. The results are shown in Table 3. It should be noted that when the entangling pressure was 12 kg/cm ² or higher, fuzz frequently occurred and winding was impossible.

[Table] In Table 3, level No. 12 is a comparative example for clarifying the effects of the present invention. Levels Nos. 5, 10, and 11 were in accordance with the present invention, and packages with desired properties were obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the spinning and winding process according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view for explaining the winding position of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a model diagram of a measuring device for measuring ΔT and R in the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows an example of a chart obtained by measuring ΔT with the device shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a chart of stretch tensions measured by the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 for calculating R. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Mouthpiece, 2... Cooling device, 3... Oil supply device, 4... First godet roll, 5... Second godet roll, 6... Interlace nozzle, 7...
Tension detector, 8... Thread path guide, 9... Winding device, 11... Drive motor, 11... Tension setting device,
12...Power controller, 13...Control panel,
14...Hydraulic cylinder, 15...Package.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A polyester polymer is melt-spun, discharged from a spinneret, cooled and solidified, and then an oil agent is applied to the yarn, and while the yarn is entangled at a rate of 1 to 70 entanglements/m on water, it is In this method, a spindle drive type winder is used as the winder, and the package cage during winding is completely out of contact with other objects, and the bobbin is attached. The spindle itself has a speed T that satisfies the following formula.
(cm/sec), so that the thread path always travels at a substantially constant position without reciprocating,
A polyester fiber winding method characterized by winding at a winding speed of 5000 m/min or more. V/2400≦T≦V/180, where V is the winding speed (m/min)