JPH0261291A - Upward shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a vertical shaft with safety by rotating a shell body tip cutter bit and a center bit to excavate earth, and by discharging the earth or the like with a discharging means, to provide a shell body with a jack and compose the internal wall of the vertical shaft and excavate in the upper direction. CONSTITUTION:The tip section of a shell body 2 is provided with cutter bits 14, 15 for excavating earth or the like, face plates 20, 21 for closing the tip section in adjacent contact with the bits, and slits 22, 23 for dropping the excavated earth or the like, and the rear side of them is provided with a chamber 28 for receiving the earth, and connected to the chamber 28, an earth and the like discharging means is set. Then, the internal wall of the shell body 2 is provided with jacks 51-56 to be propelled forward, and in contact with the internal walls of intermediate and lower shells 4, 5, a segment 100 is assembled, and a vertical shaft internal-wall is composed and a machine 1 is propelled. Besides, on the cuter bits 14, 15, the two lines of excavating edges for rotating a cylinder and varying the angle of the excavating edges are arranged, and on the almost central sections, a plurality of the excavating edges of one line are arranged in the shape of a mountain projecting from the tips of the cutter bits 14, 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a shield machine, and more particularly to an upward shield machine that can excavate vertically upward toward the ground surface from a new or existing shield pit.

[Prior Art] Generally, when transmitting lines or power transmission lines such as telephone lines or power lines are installed using underground cables, it is necessary to dig a horizontal shaft with a diameter of 3 to 5 m so that later repairs can be easily carried out. It is set up. To dig this horizontal shaft, first, build a tower on the ground, install a device for discharging earth and sand,
After digging the shaft to a predetermined angle, the shield machine is withdrawn into the hole and excavated laterally. Traditionally, to dig a horizontal shaft like this, instead of relying on manual labor, a method using a shield machine that uses the power of jacks as the propulsion force has been adopted due to its high efficiency. This method is also used in subway construction, sewage construction, etc. In other words, the tunnel is automatically dug using a shield machine.

When a shield shaft (side shaft) is excavated a predetermined distance, a vertical shaft is excavated at a predetermined position. was.

but,! With the development of economic society, houses are clustered around roads, and roads are overflowing with cars and people. When excavating a vertical shaft in such a densely populated area, building a tower on the ground surface, securing materials@18, building a room below the ground, and excavating from the surface may require the use of someone else's land. There are many reasons why work on the ground is extremely restricted due to various interests such as ownership of the land, surface rights, and noise emitted during work on the ground, making it extremely difficult to work efficiently. (It has reached this point.

Therefore, in recent years, when excavating a vertical shaft in a new or existing shield shaft, a method of excavating the shaft from the shield shaft toward the ground surface has been desired.

[Problem M to be solved by the invention] The stratum in which the shaft is excavated is, for example, from the ground surface to the topsoil (approximately 3 m
), clay layer (approximately 9m), water-retaining gravel layer (approximately 20m), and Dotan layer (approximately 5m).
A horizontal shaft) is formed in the Dotan Formation. Conventionally, shield machines have been used to excavate laterally through the Dotan layer.

If this shield machine for shield tunnel excavation is set up vertically from inside the shield tunnel and excavates upward, the earth and sand excavated by the digging blade will fall downward.
Conventional shield machines do not have a horizontal structure that catches the earth and sand falling from above, so they cannot work as they are, and conventional shield machines! If you dig upright and excavate through the Totan layer, you can manage to excavate as long as falling earth and sand is not a problem. There is a gravel layer, and there is a problem if the shield machine advances into this water-retaining gravel layer. In other words, this water-retaining gravel layer is a brittle layer;
It has the property of collapsing and is also an irrigation layer. For this reason, if you simply excavate from below without taking any measures, it will collapse, and especially if the shield machine were to enter the water-retaining gravel layer, the shield machine would not be supported by the water-retaining gravel layer. It is not possible to assemble the segments, and it is not possible to prevent the soil layer around the top from collapsing, leading to the risk of the ground surface sinking.

In addition, it is not possible to treat the water emitted from the water-retaining gravel layer by the conventional shield machine 1, and the inside of the shield machine as well as
Humans cannot work under the shield machine.

As described above, the conventional shield machine has the problem that it is not possible to excavate a vertical shaft from the shield shaft upward toward the ground surface. -t- has.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an upward shield machine capable of excavating vertically upward from a shield well toward the ground surface.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the Upward Machine of the present invention has a cylindrical body and a cutter for excavating earth and sand at the tip of the body. , a face plate adjacent to the cutter pit that closes the tip of the body; and a slit between the face plate and the cutter pit through which earth and sand excavated by the cutter pit fall; The slit is provided with a chamber to catch the falling earth and sand, and is connected to the chamber to catch the earth and sand 11.
In addition to providing an ejection hand, a jack is provided on the inner wall of the body to propel the body forward, and a driving means for rotating the cutter pit and face plate is provided.

Preferably, the cutter pit is arranged in two rows with a plurality of cutter pits facing each other.

Further, it is preferable that the two rows of cutter pits facing each other are disposed on the outer periphery of a rotatable cylinder.

Preferably, the cutter pit is configured such that the angle of the cutting edge of the cuckoo pit can be varied by rotating the cylinder.

Further, a senkugoto is provided approximately in the middle of the cutter pit so as to protrude beyond the cutting edge of the cutter pit.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the center hit is arranged with a plurality of sets in a line between the conical parts of the cutter bit which are divided into two substantially in the middle of the cutter bit, and in a yamanashi direction toward the front of the body.

Furthermore, the center hit is designed so that the degree of protrusion of the blade can be adjusted.

Preferably, the body is divided into an upper body, a middle body, and a lower body.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the chamber is provided with a concave scraping plate behind the face plate.

Further, it is preferable to provide a scraper for forcibly discharging excavated earth and sand, etc., at the generally damaged portion of the chamber.

The earth and sand discharge means includes a rotary feeder connected to the chamber and a cylinder connected to the rotary feeder.

Further, it is preferable that a gate valve is provided between the chamber and the rotary feeder, and that the cylindrical body is provided with a spiral chute inside.

Further, it is preferable that the propulsion by the jack is performed after the segments are assembled in contact with the inner wall of the middle trunk or the inner wall of the lower trunk to form the inner wall of the shaft.

[Operation] When the upward shield machine configured as described above is vertically erected in a shield pit and excavation is started, the earth and sand excavated by the cutter bit passes through the slit and falls into the chamber. be accepted by The earth and sand that have fallen into this chamber are sequentially discharged downward by a rotary feeder.

On the other hand, the Upward Shield Machine is propelled by a jack, which assembles segments, which are the walls of the shaft, within the body, and excavates while overlapping these segments with the lower body of the body, so it depends on the soil quality. It is possible to excavate reliably without any problems.

[Example] Examples of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows the entire upward shield machine 1 according to the present invention.

In the figure, the Upward Shield Machine 1 is installed between 4X
It has a body 2 formed as follows. This body 2 is composed of an upper body 3, a middle body 4, a lower body 5, and
The upper trunk 3, middle trunk 4, and lower trunk 5 are configured to be separable.

A rotatably configured excavation part 6 is attached to the tip of the upper body. This excavation part 6 has a turntable 7
It is rotated by a hydraulic motor 10 that rotationally drives a pinion 9 that meshes with an internal gear 8. Also,
A shaft 11 is provided at the tip of the excavated portion 6, and a circle M+2.43 is rotatably fitted onto the shaft 11. This circle M12 and cylinder 13 have a second
As shown in the figure, two rows of cutter bits 14, 15 are provided facing each other. This cylinder 12°13 is shown in Fig. 3.
As shown in Fig. M4, the link mechanism 18.19 (not shown) is configured to rotate by a predetermined angle by driving the jack 16.17. When the piston rod is projected as shown by arrow A, the cylinder 12 rotates in the direction shown by the arrow, the cutter bit 14A is retracted, and the cutter bit 14B is projected.
For example, cutter bit +4A is used for clockwise rotation, and cutter bit 148 is used for counterclockwise rotation.

Further, at the tip of the excavating portion 6, as shown in FIG. 2, face plates 20 and 21 are provided with cutter bits 14 and 15 sandwiched therebetween. Between the face plate 20 and the cutter bit 14.15, there is also a slit 22 for discharging (falling down) earth and sand excavated by the cutter bit 14.15.
A slit 23 is provided between the face plate 21 and the cutter bit 14.15. These slits 22.23 are shown in Figure 3 at vkO < jack 80° 81, 82.83
j! ! 2 illustrations on learning boards 84, 85,
86.87 allows the frontage area to be varied.

Further, a cone body 24 is provided between the circle WR12 and the cylinder 13, approximately at the middle arrow, and this cone body 24 has two parts at the center.
A groove 25 is formed. A center bit 26 is fitted into this groove 25. As shown in FIG. 1, the center bit 26 has a plurality of set pieces arranged in a line at predetermined intervals and in a chevron shape. The degree to which the blade protrudes from the cone body 24 can be adjusted using the center bit 26 and a hydraulic jack 27.

At the lowest part of this excavation part 6, as shown in the third figure T, there is provided a concave scraping plate 70, 75 with a concave surface.

Moreover, the excavation part 6 is in contact with the chamber 28 on the lower surface.

In this chamber 28, scrapers 29 are provided at common locations (in this embodiment, three locations are equally spaced, although not shown).

This scraper 29 has the function of forcibly sending out the earth and sand that has fallen from the slits 22, 23 and accumulated in the chamber 28 to the lower part of the chamber 28. That is, the scraper 29 has a plurality of arms 30 with rotating blades $I31.
is provided, and the rotary blade 31 is rotated by the arm 30 via the rotary joint 32 using the rotation of the excavation part 6 to send out the earth and sand shelter. The rotational speed of this scraper 29 is set by the gear ratio in the rotary joint 32, and the gear ratio is 1.
．． It is appropriate to set T to 2 (twice the speed of the excavation part 6) or 13 (also three times the speed).

Further, in the lower part of the chamber 28, a gate pulp 33 is provided.
This gate valve 33, to which a rotary line feeder 34 is connected via the gate plate 33A, has the function of controlling the discharge amount of dirt, etc. that has accumulated in the chamber 2.
is configured to be opened and closed by a gate jack 33B.

A casing 35 of a rotary feeder 34 is connected to this gate valve 33. This casing 35
Inside, there are blades 37A, 37B radially around the rotating shaft 36.
, 37C, and 37D are respectively attached and are configured to rotate while closely sliding on the inside of the casing 35. A discharge port 38 is formed in the lower part of the casing 35, and a cone-shaped cylindrical body 39 is formed below the discharge port 38.
is connected. This cylindrical body 39 has an upper cylindrical body 40 and a lower intermediate body 41. An arm 42 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the upper cylinder 40 so as to be movable along the outer peripheral surface.
is installed. This lifting tool 43 (Yo, wire rope 44v! Winding up, the segment 10 hooked on the hook 45 fixed to the tip of the wire rope 44
It has the effect of lifting 0. In addition, the lower cylinder body 41
The outer circumferential surface of the jack 47 (this means that the M2S is rotatably fitted). The main body of the jack 47 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the M2S, and the segment 100 is attached to the tip of the piston rod of the jack 47. A tag 48 is fixed to the jack 47. This jack 47 is configured to be able to slide vertically by a jack 49 fixed to the cylinder 46. Also, the jack 47 can be rotated by a hydraulic motor 50. ing.

In addition, there is a spider that shows 51 Ki on the upper end of the middle body 4 of the Upward Shield Machine 1.
Jack to promote 51゜52.53.54.5
The tip of piston rod 6 is fixed. You're so jealous! M, the main body of 5253.54.55.56 (it is attached to the uppermost end of the assembled segment 101 and has the function of pushing the fuselage 2 across the segment 101 through the scaffold f). This body 2 is designed so that the excavating part 6 rotates by means of claws 57 provided on the outer periphery of the middle body 4, and does not rotate when excavating by the cuckoo pit 14, 15. ing.

Moreover, the inside of the cylindrical body 39 is configured into a spiral chute.

A circle M5B for discharging earth and sand is connected to the lowermost portion aI11 of this cylindrical body 39. At the top of 158 on this day,
A segment assembly deck 59 is attached.

Note that segment 101 is 60.611 in Figure 1.
A ladder is shown. As shown in FIG. 6, the ladder 60 and the ladder 61 are hung at slightly shifted positions. This is designed for safety so that even if you fall from the ladder 60, you will not fall all the way to the bottom.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, the upward shield machine 1 is set in a shield shaft (not shown) at a location where a vertical shaft is to be excavated. Next, adjust the soil quality to excavate the center pit 22 at the tip of the excavation part 6 (according to this, adjust the protrusion of the blade). Also, adjust the cutter pit 14, 15 according to the direction of rotation of the excavation part 6. , the upper one of the segments that will become the shaft wall 51, 52, 53, 54.555
6! ! Place this jack 51, 52, 53°54.
Hydraulic motor 10v while driving 55.56! The excavator 6 is driven to rotate. Due to this rotation of the excavating part 6, earth and sand excavated by the center rod 22 and the force/interhit 14.15 fall into the chamber 25 through the slits 22.23. This earth and sand, etc., should be removed from the board 70.
75 to the center, and is sent to the 00-tally feeder 34 by the scraper 29 through the gate valve 33. This gate valve 33 is installed when the gate plate 33
The passage area of earth and sand etc. is varied by A. In addition, if the soil is extremely soft and a large amount of soil falls without the need for excavation with the excavation section 6, when the discharge operation cannot keep up with the speed of discharge of the soil, etc., This also takes into account work efficiency and safety, such as closing the gate plate 33A to stop the operation.

The mud and sand thus sent to the rotary feeder 34 is sent to the cylinder body 39 by the blades 37 of the rotary feeder 34. In this cylindrical body 39, due to the action of the spiral chute, the earth and sand do not fall to the lower point of the I contact layer, but instead fall while turning in a spiral shape.

In this way, the excavating section 6 is connected to the jack 5 for machine propulsion.
1, 52, 53, 54, 55.56. When the excavation reaches the end of the propulsion distance M (distance that the piston rod extends), the segment 1oO is lifted by the lifting stem 43 attached to the tip of the arm 42, and the jack 51.52, 5
Segment 10 which is the scaffolding of 3°54.55.56
This jack 51 is lifted to the position above 0.
52, 53, 54, and 55.56, for example, the jack 51 is reduced. Then, Jyatsuki 51
(The top of the segment 101, which had been pulled up to the tip of the middle trunk and used as a foothold, opens. At this opening, the segment 100 that was previously hoisted is pushed to the outer circumferential side with the fastening jack 47 fixed to the tag 48. , Adjust the height to v4 with jack 49. Segment 1 is pushed and set to the 0th order.
00 and segment 101 are fixed with bolts etc. Next, the jack 52 is similarly reduced, and the segment +0+ that was used as a foothold for the jack 52 and the lifted segment +00
and fix it. Same f strained jack 53, 54.55
The same process is carried out for ゜56, and the segments are assembled over the circumference.Next, the segment 1oO that has just been assembled is used as a foothold to excavate in the aforementioned direction while rotating the PA excavation section 6.

After several of these segments are assembled, a circle M58% is added to the lower end of the cylinder 39.

In this way, the segments are assembled one after another, one cylinder 58 is added, and the vertical shaft is dug.

This embodiment is characterized in that the segments 1 are assembled inside the body 2, that is, inside the middle body 4 and the lower body 5. T, that is, segment 1-101A, l0I in 1M1 diagram
Lower #I5 is fitted to the outside of B, and the next segment is assembled in this state. Therefore, segment +
OIA.

Along with 101B, fuselage 2 functions as the wall of the shaft like segment 101, and in this state! ! The fuselage 2 advances to segment 10TA.

101B comes into contact with the external soil and constitutes the substantial wall surface of the shaft for the first time. For this reason, even in the case of a water-retaining sand and gravel layer where the soil is fragile, the upper surrounding soil layer is prevented from falling. Also, Upward Shield Machine 1
The pressure applied from the side to the lower torso of fuselage 2 and segment l
0IA.

It will be supported by the fitting part between it and 101B.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are achieved.

A body formed in a circular shape, a tip part of the body (power for excavating earth and sand, etc.), and a cutter bit (Jl
A face plate that closes the body light 4, and a slit between the face plate and the cutter bit to allow earth and sand excavated by the cutter bit to fall, and a slit for allowing earth and sand excavated by the cutter bit to fall from the slit. A chamber is provided to catch incoming earth and sand, and a means for discharging earth and sand is connected to the chamber, and a jack is provided on the inner wall of the body to propel the body forward, and a drive for rotating the cutter bit and face plate is provided. Since the means is provided, a shaft can be formed by excavating vertically upward from a new or existing shield shaft toward the ground surface without causing the risk of collapse of earth and sand.

And put the cutter bit on the outside of the cylinder? JIII! i
The cutter bits are arranged in two rows with the installation sides facing each other, and by rotating the cylinder, the angle of the cutting edge of the cutter bit can be varied. However, it can sufficiently handle the nitriding of the contents, making it possible to excavate any layer.

In addition, a cone is provided approximately in the center of the cutter bit, this cone is divided into two parts, and a plurality of eye blades are arranged in a row in this divided part and in a chevron shape toward the front of the body. Since a center bit is provided and the degree of protrusion of this blade can be adjusted, it is possible to easily excavate areas such as hard rock layers that cannot be excavated with a cutter pit alone.

In addition, since the fuselage can be divided into an upper fuselage, a middle rope, and a lower fuselage, it is possible to dig up to the underground chamber provided on the ground surface (k), and disassemble and recover the upper fuselage from the upper fuselage. This allows easy recovery of the up-to-one shield machine.

In addition, since the chamber is equipped with a concave scraping plate behind the drawing board, the excavated earth and sand can be scraped into the center each time the excavation section is rotated, making it easier to discharge the earth and sand. can.

Furthermore, since there is a scraper inside the chamber,
The earth and sand rg collected in the center by the raking plate can be forcibly sent to the rotary feeder.

In addition, since a gate valve is installed between the chamber and the rotary feeder, when excavating in the 1-water gravel layer,
When the amount of excavated earth and sand is greater than the speed of discharge work of earth and sand in the shield pit, it is possible to control the main amount of earth and sand discharged by excavation.

In addition, two cylindrical bodies are connected to the bottom of the rotary feeder, and a spiral chute is formed inside the rotary feeder, so that the earth and sand discharged from the rotary feeder does not spread to the surrounding area, but is collected together. Instead of falling to the bottom, you can make it fall gradually.

First, the propulsion of the upward shield machine by Jack is done by assembling the segments in contact with the inner wall of the middle or lower inner wall of the fuselage, and the inner wall of the shaft v! Since this is done after the bridge is constructed, the upward shield machine is always fitted to the outside of the segment, and it reliably protects the shaft segment even in layers that are prone to collapse, such as water-logged sand and gravel layers. You can assemble it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure M1 is an overall configuration diagram of an upward shield machine showing an embodiment of the upward shield machine according to the present invention,
! Figure 2 is a plan view of the upward shield machine shown in Figure 1, Figure M3 is a plan view with the face plate of Figure 1 removed, Figure M4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A shown in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a sectional view of the upward shield machine shown in Figure 1. FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-8 shown in FIG. Figure 6

Claims (14)

[Claims] (1) A body formed in a cylindrical shape, a cutter bit for excavating earth and sand, etc. at the tip of the body, a face plate adjacent to the cutter bit that closes the tip of the body, and the face plate and the cutter bit. A slit is provided in between to allow the earth and sand excavated by the cutter bit to fall, and a chamber is provided behind the slit to catch the earth and sand falling from the slit, and a means for discharging the earth and sand is connected to the chamber. An upward shield machine comprising: a jack for propelling the body forward on the inner cover of the body; and a drive means for rotating the cutter bit and face plate. (2) The upward shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the cutter bit has a plurality of cutting blades arranged in two rows facing each other. (3) The upward shield machine according to claim 3, wherein the two rows of cutter bits facing each other are arranged around the outer periphery of a rotatable cylinder. (4) The upward shield machine according to claim 4, wherein the cutter bit is configured such that the angle of the cutting edge of the cutter bit can be varied by rotating a cylinder. (5) The upward shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a center bit is provided approximately at the center of the cutter bit and protrudes beyond the cutting edge of the cutter bit. (6) The above-mentioned center bit has a plurality of digging blades arranged in a line and in a mountain shape toward the front of the body between the two conical parts roughly in the center of the cutter bit. The upward shield machine according to claim 5. (7) The upward shield machine according to claim 6, wherein the center bit has an adjustable blade protrusion. (8) The upward shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the body is divided into an upper body, a middle body, and a lower body. (9) The upward shield machine according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, wherein the chamber is provided with a concave scraper plate behind the face plate. (10) The improvement according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein scrapers for forcibly sending out excavated earth and sand are provided at several appropriate locations in the chamber. word shield machine. (11) Claims 1, 2, and 3, wherein the earth and sand discharge means is composed of a rotary feeder connected to the chamber and a cylindrical body connected to the rotary feeder.
, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11. (12) The upward shield machine according to claim 11, wherein a gate valve is provided between the chamber and the rotary feeder. (13) The upward shield machine according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the cylindrical body has a spiral chute formed therein. (14) The propulsion by the jack is performed after the segments are assembled in contact with the inner wall of the middle shell or the inner wall of the lower shell to form the inner wall of the shaft.
Upward machine described in 12 or 13.