【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
本発明は、刷子用摺動接点材料の改良に関す
る。
従来、摺動接点材料としては各種材料が用いら
れ、とりわけ刷子用摺動接点材料としては、硬
さ、耐蝕性、ばね性等の優れた、Au61.5〜63.5重
量％、Ag6.5〜8.5重量％、Cu29〜31重量％より
成る合金材料が広く用いられていた。
然し乍ら、この合金材料で製作した刷子接点で
は、整流子との摺動時の耐摩耗性が劣り、摩耗粉
が生じ易く、ノイズ発生の原因となつていた。
本発明は、斯かる欠点を解消すべくなされたも
のであり、前記合金材料を基材としてこれに特定
の元素を僅かに添加させて、発生する酸化物を潤
滑剤とし、耐摩耗性を向上させた刷子用摺動接点
材料を提供せんとするものである。
本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料は、組成比で
Au61.5〜63.5重量％、Ag6.5〜8.5重量％、Cu29
〜31重量％のAu−Ag−Cuが95〜99.5重量％及び
残部がSb及びMoの少なくとも一種を合計で0.5〜
５重量％から成るものである。
本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料に於いて、組成比
でAu61.5〜63.5重量％、Ag6.5〜8.5重量％、
Cu29〜31重量％のAu−Ag−Cuが95〜99.5重量％
及び残部がSb及びMoの少なくとも一種を合計で
0.5〜５重量％としている理由は、前記従来の合
金材料の耐摩耗性を向上すべく潤滑剤となる酸化
物を適量発生させる為で、Sb及びMoのうち少な
くとも一種を合計で0.5重量％未満では酸化物の
発生量が少なくて潤滑剤としての効果も発揮でき
ず、Sb及びMoのうち少なくとも一種を合計で５
重量％を超えると酸化物の発生量が多くなり、接
触抵抗が高く不安定となり、その上ばね性が劣化
するものである。
またAu、Ag、Cuの含有量は、前記従来の合金
材料の組成比に変更を加えない範囲とすることに
より、従来の合金材料の特性は損なわれることな
く発揮されることとなるものである。
次に従来の合金材料を基材とし、これにSbを
添加し表の実施例１に示す成分組成の刷子用摺動
接点材料とし、以下同様にして表に示す成分組成
の本発明による刷子用摺動接点材料と従来の刷子
用摺動接点材料を用いて夫々線径0.7mmの刷子線
材を作り、これを各々長さ８mmに切断し、２本並
列させて一端を幅10mm、長さ13mm、厚さ0.2mmの
台材に溶接し、他端に2Rの円弧状の接触部を曲
成して刷子接点を作つた。そして夫々の刷子接点
を円盤状の整流子に接触させ、整流子を正逆回転
させて下記の試験条件にて摺動試験を行い、摩耗
量及び接触抵抗を測定した処、下記の表の右欄に
示すような結果を得た。
試験条件
電流：直流0.6A
電圧：12V
負荷：抵抗負荷
回転速度：1000回転／分
周速：130〜120ｍ／min
接触力：100ｇ
試験時間：７時間
The present invention relates to improvements in sliding contact materials for brushes. Conventionally, various materials have been used as sliding contact materials, and in particular, as sliding contact materials for brushes, Au61.5-63.5% by weight, Ag6.5-8.5%, which have excellent hardness, corrosion resistance, spring properties, etc. alloy materials consisting of 29-31% Cu by weight were widely used. However, brush contacts made of this alloy material have poor abrasion resistance when sliding with the commutator, and are likely to generate abrasion powder, causing noise. The present invention was made in order to eliminate such drawbacks, and uses the above-mentioned alloy material as a base material and adds a small amount of a specific element to it, and uses the generated oxide as a lubricant to improve wear resistance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sliding contact material for a brush that has a high quality. The sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention has a composition ratio of
Au61.5~63.5wt%, Ag6.5~8.5wt%, Cu29
-31% by weight of Au-Ag-Cu, 95-99.5% by weight, and the balance of at least one of Sb and Mo, totaling 0.5-31% by weight
It consists of 5% by weight. In the sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention, the composition ratio is 61.5 to 63.5% by weight of Au, 6.5 to 8.5% by weight of Ag,
Cu29-31wt% Au-Ag-Cu95-99.5wt%
and the remainder is at least one of Sb and Mo in total
The reason why it is set at 0.5 to 5% by weight is to generate an appropriate amount of oxides that act as lubricants to improve the wear resistance of the conventional alloy material, and the total amount of at least one of Sb and Mo is less than 0.5% by weight. In this case, the amount of oxide generated is small and the effect as a lubricant cannot be exerted.
If it exceeds % by weight, the amount of oxides generated will increase, the contact resistance will be high and unstable, and the spring properties will deteriorate. Furthermore, by setting the content of Au, Ag, and Cu within a range that does not change the composition ratio of the conventional alloy material, the characteristics of the conventional alloy material can be exhibited without being impaired. . Next, a conventional alloy material is used as a base material, and Sb is added thereto to obtain a brush sliding contact material having the composition shown in Example 1 in the table. Brush wires with a wire diameter of 0.7 mm were made using the sliding contact material and the conventional sliding contact material for brushes, each was cut to a length of 8 mm, and two wires were placed in parallel with one end having a width of 10 mm and a length of 13 mm. A brush contact was made by welding to a 0.2 mm thick base material and bending a 2R arc-shaped contact part at the other end. Then, each brush contact was brought into contact with a disk-shaped commutator, and the commutator was rotated in forward and reverse directions to perform a sliding test under the following test conditions, and the wear amount and contact resistance were measured. The results shown in the column were obtained. Test conditions Current: DC 0.6A Voltage: 12V Load: Resistance load Rotation speed: 1000 rotations/divided speed: 130-120m/min Contact force: 100g Test time: 7 hours
【表】
上記の表で明らかなように実施例１〜９の刷子
接点は従来例の刷子接点に比し摩耗量が著しく少
なく、接触抵抗が低く安定していることが判る。
これはひとえに実施例１〜９の刷子接点の刷子線
材を構成している本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料
が、摺動時にSb、Mo等の酸化物を発生し、この
酸化物が潤滑剤となり、耐摩耗性、接触抵抗特性
が向上するからに他ならない。また、酸化物が軟
らかい為、摺動作用により容易に除去されるの
で、接触抵抗は変わらないからに他ならない。
以上詳記した通り本発明による刷子用摺動接点
材料によれば、従来の刷子用摺動接点材料に比べ
著しく耐摩耗性に優れ、摩耗粉の発生量が極めて
少なく、ノイズの発生が殆んど無く、また従来の
刷子用摺動接点材料による場合よりも低く安定し
た接触抵抗を有する刷子接点を得ることができる
という効果がある。[Table] As is clear from the table above, it can be seen that the brush contacts of Examples 1 to 9 had significantly less wear than the conventional brush contacts, and that the contact resistance was low and stable.
This is because the sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention, which constitutes the brush wire of the brush contacts of Examples 1 to 9, generates oxides such as Sb and Mo during sliding, and these oxides act as lubricants. This is because the wear resistance and contact resistance characteristics are improved. Further, since the oxide is soft, it is easily removed by the sliding action, so the contact resistance remains unchanged. As detailed above, the sliding contact material for brushes according to the present invention has significantly superior wear resistance compared to conventional sliding contact materials for brushes, generates extremely little wear powder, and generates almost no noise. This has the advantage that it is possible to obtain a brush contact having a lower and more stable contact resistance than when using conventional brush sliding contact materials.