【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
本発明は、刷子用摺動接点材料の改良に関す
る。
従来、摺動接点材料としては各種材料が用いら
れ、とりわけ刷子用摺動接点材料としては、硬
さ、耐蝕性、ばね性等の優れた、Au61.5〜63.5重
量％、Ag28〜30重量％、Cu7.5〜9.5重量％より
成る合金材料が広く用いられていた。
然し乍ら、この合金材料で製作した刷子接点で
は、軟化温度が低く整流子との摺動時に凝着し
て、摩耗粉が生じ易く、ノイズ発生の原因となつ
ていた。
本発明は、斯かる欠点を解消すべくなされたも
のであり、前記合金材料を基材としてこれに特定
の元素を僅かに添加させて、軟化温度を高め、耐
凝着性を向上させた刷子用摺動接点材料を提供せ
んとするものである。
本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料は、組成比で
Au61.5〜63.5重量％、Ag28〜30重量％、Cu7.5〜
9.5重量％のAu−Ag−Cuが95〜99.5重量％及び
残部がCr及びＰの少なくとも一種を合計で0.5〜
５重量％から成るものである。
本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料に於いて、組成比
でAu61.5〜63.5重量％、Ag28〜30重量％、Cu7.5
〜9.5重量％のAu−Ag−Cuが95〜99.5重量％及
び残部がCr及びＰの少なくとも一種を合計で0.5
〜５重量％としている理由は、前記従来の合金材
料の耐凝着性を向上すべく軟化温度を高める為
で、Cr及びＰのうち少なくとも一種を合計で0.5
重量％未満ではその効果を発揮できず、Cr及び
Ｐのうち少なくとも一種を合計で５重量％を超え
ると酸化物の発生量が多くなり、接触抵抗が高く
不安定となり、その上ばね性が劣化するものであ
る。
またAu，Ag，Cuの含有量は、前記従来の合金
材料の組成比に変更を加えない範囲とすることに
より、従来の合金材料の特性は損なわれることな
く発揮されることとなるものである。
次に従来の合金材料を基材とし、これにCrを
添加し表の実施例１に示す成分組成の刷子用摺動
接点材料とし、以下同様にして表に示す成分組成
の本発明による刷子用摺動接点材料と従来の刷子
用摺動接点材料を用いて夫々線径0.7mmの刷子線
材を作り、これを各々長さ８mmに切断し、２本並
列させて一端を幅10mm、長さ13mm、厚さ0.2mmの
台材に溶接し、他端に2Rの円弧状の接触部を曲
成して刷子接点を作つた。そして夫々の刷子接点
を円盤状の整流子に接触させ、整流子を正逆回転
させて下記の試験条件にて摺動試験を行い、摩耗
量及び接触抵抗を測定した処、下記の表の右欄に
示すような結果を得た。
試験条件
電 流：直流0.6A
電 圧：12V
負 荷：抵抗負荷
回転速度：1000回転／分
周 速：130〜120ｍ／min
接触力：100ｇ
試験時間：７時間
The present invention relates to improvements in sliding contact materials for brushes. Conventionally, various materials have been used as sliding contact materials, and in particular, as sliding contact materials for brushes, Au61.5-63.5% by weight and Ag28-30% by weight are excellent in hardness, corrosion resistance, spring properties, etc. , alloy materials consisting of 7.5-9.5% by weight of Cu were widely used. However, brush contacts made of this alloy material have a low softening temperature and tend to adhere to the commutator when sliding against the commutator, resulting in abrasion powder, which causes noise. The present invention has been made in order to eliminate such drawbacks, and provides a brush that uses the above-mentioned alloy material as a base material and slightly adds a specific element to the brush to increase the softening temperature and improve the adhesion resistance. The present invention aims to provide a sliding contact material for use in the present invention. The sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention has a composition ratio of
Au61.5~63.5wt%, Ag28~30wt%, Cu7.5~
9.5% by weight of Au-Ag-Cu, 95-99.5% by weight, and the balance at least one of Cr and P, totaling 0.5-99.5% by weight
It consists of 5% by weight. In the sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention, the composition ratio is 61.5 to 63.5% by weight of Au, 28 to 30% by weight of Ag, and 7.5% by weight of Cu.
~9.5% by weight of Au-Ag-Cu, 95-99.5% by weight, and the balance at least one of Cr and P, totaling 0.5% by weight.
The reason why it is set at ~5% by weight is to increase the softening temperature in order to improve the adhesion resistance of the conventional alloy material, and at least one of Cr and P is added to a total of 0.5% by weight.
If the amount is less than 5% by weight, the effect cannot be achieved, and if the total amount of at least one of Cr and P exceeds 5% by weight, the amount of oxides will increase, the contact resistance will be high and unstable, and the spring properties will deteriorate. It is something to do. Furthermore, by setting the content of Au, Ag, and Cu within a range that does not change the composition ratio of the conventional alloy material, the characteristics of the conventional alloy material can be exhibited without being impaired. . Next, a conventional alloy material is used as a base material, and Cr is added thereto to obtain a brush sliding contact material having the composition shown in Example 1 in the table. Brush wires with a wire diameter of 0.7 mm were made using the sliding contact material and the conventional sliding contact material for brushes, each was cut to a length of 8 mm, and two wires were placed in parallel with one end having a width of 10 mm and a length of 13 mm. A brush contact was made by welding to a 0.2 mm thick base material and bending a 2R arc-shaped contact part at the other end. Then, each brush contact was brought into contact with a disk-shaped commutator, and the commutator was rotated in forward and reverse directions to perform a sliding test under the following test conditions, and the wear amount and contact resistance were measured. The results shown in the column were obtained. Test conditions Current: DC 0.6A Voltage: 12V Load: Resistance load Rotation speed: 1000 rotations/divided speed: 130 to 120m/min Contact force: 100g Test time: 7 hours
【表】
上記の表で明らかなように実施例１〜９の刷子
接点は従来例の刷子接点に比し摩耗量が著しく少
なく、接触抵抗が同等に低く安定していることが
判る。これはひとえに実施例１〜９の刷子接点の
刷子線材を構成している本発明の刷子用摺動接点
材料が、摺動時にCr、Ｐ等により軟化温度が高
められ、耐凝着性が向上するからに他ならない。
以上詳記した通り本発明による刷子用摺動接点
材料によれば、従来の刷子用摺動接点材料に比べ
著しく耐摩耗性に優れ、摩耗粉の発生量が極めて
少なく、ノイズの発生が殆んど無く、また従来の
刷子用摺動接点材料による場合と同等に低く安定
した接触抵抗を有する刷子接点を得ることができ
るという効果がある。[Table] As is clear from the above table, it can be seen that the brush contacts of Examples 1 to 9 have significantly less wear than the conventional brush contacts, and the contact resistance is equally low and stable. This is because the softening temperature of the sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention, which constitutes the brush wire of the brush contacts of Examples 1 to 9, is increased by Cr, P, etc. during sliding, and the adhesion resistance is improved. There is no other way than that. As detailed above, the sliding contact material for brushes according to the present invention has significantly superior wear resistance compared to conventional sliding contact materials for brushes, generates extremely little wear powder, and generates almost no noise. Moreover, it is possible to obtain a brush contact having a contact resistance as low and stable as that of the conventional sliding contact material for brushes.