JPH0258320B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to soap powder. In the UK textile detergent powder market, two consumer products are formulated to contain a majority of soap. The success of these products is due to the good detergency and cleaning power of the soaps, which leave clothes with a softer feel than those washed with powders based on synthetic anionic and/or nonionic detergents. This is mainly due to the fact that people tend to stay where they are. However, soap has technical problems.
That is, there is a problem in that it is not easy to obtain satisfactory dissolution, especially at low temperatures. There are two aspects to this problem. First, there are wetting properties, certain properties that lead to the formation of dots or gels. Second,
Even if the wetting properties of soap powders are sufficient, the problem remains of the inherent poor solubility of soaps, especially at low temperatures. The present invention is related to the soap's inherent poor solubility. The inventors have discovered that the
Due to the fact that there are significant differences between the aqueous solubility and cleaning efficiency of soaps of different chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation within the usual range, especially the _C12 to _C22 range, and by careful selection of the composition. found that it is possible to improve solubility while maintaining a high level of detergency. Accordingly, the present invention provides 5-60% by weight of one or more _C12-22 fatty acids having 14 or fewer carbon atoms, 1% by weight of one or more C12-22 fatty acids having more than 14 carbon atoms, Water-soluble salts of fatty acids, preferably sodium salts, comprising 5-32% by weight of one or more saturated fatty acids and 35-90% by weight of one or more unsaturated fatty acids having 14 or more carbon atoms. The present invention provides a soap powder containing a mixture of more than 15% by weight and less than 60% by weight. For simplicity, the fatty acids mentioned above will be expressed as follows. Group A C ₁₄ saturated or unsaturated Group B > C ₁₄ saturated Group C > C ₁₄ unsaturated The relative amounts of these three groups in any composition can then be represented graphically as shown in the drawing. That is, only two coordinates are required. This is because the remainder of the composition can be considered to consist entirely of group C fatty acids. According to FIG. 1, the previously broadly defined composition is represented by a rectangular ACDF. Preferably, the selected mixture of water-soluble salts of C _12-22 fatty acids has a composition represented by the ABDEF region in FIG.
Preferably, it has a composition represented by the ABEF region. The reason is that the composition that falls within these ranges is
This is because it exhibits far superiority than the composition in the UVWZ region, which is a composition outside the UVWZ region, particularly the prior art composition represented by point X. Although the manner in which the desired compositions are formulated is determined primarily by cost considerations within certain guidelines, these compositions may simply be obtained using only the classic soap making ingredients, coconut oil, palm kernel oil or tallow. There isn't. Coconut oil and palm kernel oil are rich in group A fatty acids, and tallows are rich in group B and C saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Peanut oil is a preferred source for enhancing Group C fatty acid content due to its high oleic acid content and relatively low content of linoleic and linolenic acids. There are many other oils that are relatively rich in group C fatty acids. These include, but are not limited to, soybean oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil and cottonseed oil. These oils are susceptible to oxidation (due to their high linole/linolenic content) and are best used with suitable antioxidants. For best results, oils that are linolenic-free should be specified and oils that give a total fatty acid composition of no more than 50% by weight of linoleic and linolenic acids in the final soap powder should be used. is preferred. If the total content of these acids is between 20 and 50% by weight, the use of suitable antioxidants is recommended. ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-
Diphosphonic acid or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or mixtures thereof, have been found to be suitable antioxidants. In addition to naturally occurring oils, certain commercially available technical grade fatty acids can also be used. In order to obtain good solubility from the soap powder of the invention, it is necessary to choose a mixture of fatty acids whose water-soluble sodium salts have a Krafft temperature of 25° C. or less. Kraft temperature is based on “Surface Chemistry,” published in 1962 by Rheinhold, New York.
In “Theory and Industrial Application”
Defined by Lloyd I Osipow. This definition is adopted for purposes herein. To summarize the definition, the Kraft temperature can be said to be the temperature above which there is a rapid increase in the solubility of the surfactant due to the formation of micelles. The soap powders of the present invention can, and usually do, contain detergent builder compounds. Phosphate-based builders such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or sodium orthophosphate or mixtures thereof, or any compound recently suggested as a result of pressure from those wishing to reduce the phosphate content of effluents But you can use any wash builder. Typical examples of the latter are sodium citrate, crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates, many organic chelating compounds, especially nitrilotriacetic acid, salts of alkenylsuccinic acids, carboxymethyloxysuccinate, which are used commercially in some countries. acid salts, and dipicolinic acid salts. These detergent builder compounds can be used in any desired combination to achieve the desired calcium/magnesium building capacity at the acceptable or required phosphorus levels, if present. . Considering that the soap formulation should be broadly self-building, the amount of detergent builder compounds required is within the range of 25-60% by weight of the soap, which is the preferred range. , usually 5 to 25% by weight of the total powder formulation. For reasons of cost and effectiveness, a preferred cleaning builder is sodium tripolyphosphate. When using this material, the weight ratio of water-soluble salts of _C12-22 fatty acids to sodium tripolyphosphate may be from 10:1 to 1:2, preferably from 9:1 to 3:1. The soap powder of the present invention may contain conventional amounts of other substances. For example, a bleaching agent may be included, which may be an oxygen bleach such as sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate, or a chlorine bleach such as sodium di- or tri-chloroisocyanurate or mixtures thereof. These substances may be present in an amount of 10 to 30%, preferably 15 to 25% by weight of said powder when the bleaching agent is sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate, and sodium dichloroisocyanurate. In the case of chlorine bleaches such as chlorine bleaches, it may be present in amounts of 5 to 20% by weight. antiredeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, fillers such as sodium sulfate or sodium carbonate, corrosion inhibitors such as sodium silicate, nonionic surfactants, alkanolamines, alkali metal ether sulfates, and Calcium soap dispersants such as betaine, fluorescent brighteners, colorants and fragrances may also be present at 0.1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 15% by weight.
It may be present in an amount in the range of 5% by weight. Moisture may be present in amounts up to 15% by weight. The soap powder of the present invention can be manufactured by any conventional method known in the art, including slurry formation, spray drying, dry compounding and direct spraying of fatty acids onto the solid components of the powder. included. The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples. Example 1 45% by weight of soap, 10% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium silicate (Na ₂ O:SiO ₂ 2:1)
Five soap powders containing 9% by weight and 25% by weight sodium perborate were prepared by conventional spray cooling and dry compounding techniques. The fatty acid composition of the soap was that shown in Figure 1 by points 1-4 where the kraft temperature was below 25°C and by the X (prior art composition). Note that soaps having the fatty acid compositions shown in points 1 to 4 and X above were prepared using fats and oils having the following compositions (% by weight).

[Table] In the first experiment, the solubility of each powder was measured. The results, expressed as the percentage of powder remaining undissolved, are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Table Formulation Solubility at 20°C (insoluble matter %) X 20 1 7 2 6 3 9 4 7 In the second experiment, the detergency of the soap powder was measured. The method used was to measure the difference in reflectance between washed and unwashed test fabrics and express the results as a percentage. % detergency is defined as: % cleaning power = 100 x reflectance of washed cloth - reflectance of unwashed cloth / reflectance of uncontaminated cloth - reflectance of unwashed cloth Washing conditions using Terg-O-Tometers (registered trademark) are 60 The temperature was 26° (France) and the water hardness was 26° (France). The test fabric was a WFK fabric contaminated with a mixed inorganic/synthetic sebum stain. The results are shown in Table 2.

[Table] Reference example Sodium tripolyphosphate 1.4×10 ^-3 mol/and sodium silicate (Na ₂ O:SiO ₂ 2:1) 1.8
x 10 ^-3 mol/ to prepare a washing solution containing (a) 6 x 10 ^-3 mol soap/ and (b) 3 x 10 ^-3 mol soap/. These solutions were then used in the Terg-O-Tometers to wash WFK test fabrics contaminated with mixed mineral/synthetic sebum soils. The washing conditions used were as follows. Washing temperature 60℃ Water hardness 26℃ (France) (a) 100/0, (b) 90/10, (c) 80/20, (d) 50/50,
and (e) five experimental runs were conducted using a pair of solutions containing a Group A fatty acid soap to Group C fatty acid soap ratio of 0/100. In a sixth control experiment, a soap-free cleaning solution containing 1.4 x 10 ^-3 mol/sodium tripolyphosphate and 1.8 x 10 ^-3 mol/sodium silicate was used under the same conditions as above.
I wanted to wash the WFK cloth. The difference in reflectance between washed and unwashed cloth was measured. The results are shown graphically in FIG. The results demonstrate the advantageous cleaning effects of using soap formulations containing 35% or more Group C soap.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the fatty acid composition range of the soap powder of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the ratio of Group A to Group C on detergency.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 15% by weight of a mixture of water-soluble salts of 1C _12-22 fatty acids
(A) one or more soap powders having 14 or fewer carbon atoms, the mixture having a kraft temperature of 25°C or less; 5-60% by weight of fatty acids (B) 5-32% by weight of one or more saturated fatty acids having more than 14 carbon atoms; and (C) 5-32% by weight of one or more unsaturated fatty acids having more than 14 carbon atoms. 35-90% by weight of saturated fatty acids, the mixture is substantially free of linolenic acid, and the powder contains 5-25% by weight of washed builder salts.
and further contains at least 15% by weight of other ingredients selected from bleaching agents, anti-redeposition agents, bulking agents, corrosion inhibitors, calcium soap dispersants, fluorescent whitening agents, colorants, fragrances and moisture, and in this powder
The amount of water-insoluble substances present at 20℃ is at most 9%
dry soap powder. 2. The soap powder according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the mixture of fatty acids is represented by the ABDEF area in FIG. 3. The soap powder according to claim 2, wherein the composition of the mixture of fatty acids is represented by the ABEF region in FIG. 4. Soap powder according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning builder comprises sodium tripolyphosphate and the weight ratio of water-soluble salts of _C12-22 fatty acids to sodium tripolyphosphate is from 10:1 to 1:2.