JPH0257111A - Seed germination improvement method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for improving the germination rate and speed of seeds, particularly coated seeds.

<Conventional Technology> In recent years, coated seeds have been used in precision mechanical sowing to save labor and stabilize growth in the cultivation of vegetables and other crops as the scale of facility cultivation has expanded.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> However, the germination rate and germination speed of seeds tend to fluctuate depending on the weather conditions when they are collected, the seed collection technique, the unique characteristics of seeds, etc., and it is difficult to stably produce seeds with excellent germination performance. It is difficult to get there.

Furthermore, seeds with unstable germination performance that are coated with natural minerals are more likely to have unstable germination performance than bare seeds due to the coating.

In particular, in recent years, in order to reduce pulling labor, coated seeds with high added value suitable for grain sowing have become necessary, and germination improvement treatments for this purpose are required.

<Means for Solving the Problems> As a result of extensive research into methods for improving the germination rate of coated seeds, the present inventors have determined that prior to coating the seeds, a combination of osmotic pressure treatment and ethylene or ethylene generator treatment has been developed. The inventors have discovered that by performing both treatments, the germination rate and germination speed of coated seeds are improved and germination is promoted, leading to the present invention.

In the present invention, osmotic treatment refers to treating seeds with an aqueous solution of osmotic agents such as inorganic salts such as nitrates, phosphates, and chlorides, sugars such as mannitol and sorbitol, and polymeric compounds such as polyethylene glycol. be. At this time,
The treatment concentration is usually 0.1 to 10% by weight for inorganic salts, preferably 1 to 4% by weight, and 1 to 20% for sugars or polymer compounds.
% by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

Further, examples of the ethylene generator include 2chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon), and in the case of ethylene treatment, the treatment concentration is usually 0.1 to 100 ppm, preferably 1 to 50 ppm, and in the case of ethephon treatment, the treatment concentration is usually 0
．． 1-11000pp, preferably 100-500pp
It is m.

The above-mentioned osmotic pressure treatment and ethylene or ethylene generator treatment are usually performed simultaneously, and the treatment time varies depending on the target seed, but is usually 1 hour to 10 days, preferably 5 hours to 3 days.

Further, the treatment temperature is preferably in the range of 15 to 35°C.

Furthermore, it is preferable that carbon dioxide gas not be present during the treatment with ethylene or an ethylene generator. Therefore, for example, as a treatment method, seeds moistened with an osmotic agent at a predetermined concentration are sealed in a container, and the seeds are placed in the container. Alternatively, an aqueous alkali hydroxide solution such as 1-lium hydroxide as a carbon dioxide absorbent may be placed in a separate container, and ethylene at a predetermined concentration may be injected from the outside. In addition, when using an ethylene generator, the seeds may be moistened with an aqueous solution of ethephon and an osmotic agent at a predetermined concentration, for example, and sealed together with a container containing a carbon dioxide absorbent in the same manner as above.

Seeds subjected to the above treatment are, for example, disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 581874.
The seeds are coated and molded by the usual method described in Publication No. 8, etc. to obtain coated seeds. Examples of seeds to which the treatment method of the present invention is applied include lettuce, burdock, carrot, celery,
Examples include vegetable seeds such as parsley, eggplant, green pepper, and tomato.

By applying the treatment method of the present invention to seeds, no abnormality is observed in the plants from immediately after germination to the stage of leaf development.

<Example> The present invention will be explained below using processing examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Processing example Lettuce (Lactuca 5ativa L.) seeds were treated with 1ff of mannitol as an osmotic agent at 15-20°C.
ii% and ethylene at a concentration of 1 ppm.

During the treatment, a container containing 0.2N thorium hydroxide as a carbon dioxide absorbent was sealed. The temperature during processing is 15-2
At 0°C, treatment time was 16 hours. Thereafter, the seeds were processed according to the method described in JP-A-5818748.

Processing Example 2 Same as Example 1, except that the processing concentration of ethylene was changed to lppm.
Instead, lettuce seeds were coated as topp+n.

Processing Example 3 Carrot (Daucas carrota L.) seeds were added with 5% by weight of potassium nitrate and 10% of ethylene as an osmotic agent.
They were treated simultaneously at a concentration of ppm. During the treatment, a container containing 0.2N potassium hydroxide as a carbon dioxide absorbent was sealed. The temperature during treatment was 15-25°C, and the treatment time was 3
It was for days.

Thereafter, the seeds were coated according to the method described in JP-A-58-18748.

Processing Example 4 Same as Example 2, except that the processing concentration of ethylene was 10pp.
Carrot seeds were coated with 100 ppm instead of m.

Test Example 1 Using the coated seeds obtained in Processing Example 1 and Processing Example 2, untreated seeds, and untreated coated seeds coated with untreated seeds, based on the international seed inspection regulations,
A germination test was conducted in a cage. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1 Germination rate of lettuce (15’c) Table 2 Germination rate of lettuce (35°C) Germination was accelerated by 1.5 to 2 days compared to Ting seeds.

In addition, at 35°C, which is the germination temperature range where secondary dormancy is induced in lettuce seeds, the germination rate of untreated bare seeds was 0 to 40°C.
%, whereas the coated seeds obtained in Processing Example 1 and Processing Example 2 showed a germination rate of 95 to 100%. In addition, in these coated seeds, no abnormalities were observed in the plants from immediately after germination to the stage of leaf development.

Test Example 2 Using the coated seeds obtained in Processing Example 3 and Processing Example 4, untreated bare seeds, and untreated coated seeds obtained by coating untreated seeds, a germination test was conducted in a laboratory based on the international seed inspection regulations. Ta. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

Coated seeds obtained in Processing Example 1 and Processing Example 2 15
1 compared to normal untreated bare seeds at germination temperature of °C.
~1.5 days, germination rate of untreated carrots Table 3 Germination rate of carrots (15”C) Table 4 Germination rate of carrots (35°C) Germination rate was accelerated. It showed a germination rate of 85 to 90%, which was equal to or higher than that of seeds.In addition, no abnormalities were observed in the plants of these coated seeds from immediately after germination to the stage of leaf development.

<Effects of the Invention> Germination of coated seeds was improved by the seed treatment method of the present invention.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A method for producing coated seeds, which comprises coating and molding seeds that have been treated with both osmotic pressure treatment and ethylene or ethylene generator treatment. (2) Coated seeds produced by the method according to claim 1. (3) Seeds that have been treated with both osmotic pressure treatment and ethylene or ethylene generator treatment.