JPH0255181B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for controlling the setting of a tool barrier that is set to prevent interference between two tool rests in a four-axis numerically controlled lathe.

Usually, in a four-axis numerically controlled lathe having two tool rests, a tool barrier is set around the tool rests in order to prevent mutual interference between the tool rests.
This means that when a movement command is issued for one tool post to enter the tool barrier of the other tool post, or when an attempt is made to enter the tool barrier during manual operation, the tool post will not move at the boundary of the barrier setting area. It has the function of prohibiting.

Conventionally, tool barrier settings required the operator to enter the installation direction of the tool in the turret and the tool width and length for each tool from the keyboard, completely separately from the machining program. Axis numerically controlled lathes have the disadvantage that not only do they require a lot of time to set up, but they also place a heavy burden on the operator.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention automatically sets a tool barrier by registering the cutting edge position and machining program origin, which the operator must perform in some way when starting machining. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the setting of a tool barrier in a four-axis numerically controlled lathe.

That is, the present invention provides a rotatable workpiece holding means capable of gripping a workpiece, two movable tool rests on which a plurality of tools are mounted with their cutting edge directions different from each other, and two movable tool rests. and a 4-axis numerically controlled lathe having a turret position detection unit that detects the position of the turret, a tool data memory storing tool data indicating the shape of a tool mounted on the turret, and the shape of the turret. , a tool barrier memory is provided that stores distances specific to the lathe, and when starting machining work, the workpiece is held by the workpiece holding means and rotated, and the cutting edges of the tools mounted on the two tool rests are By contacting the outer periphery of the workpiece, and inputting the diameter of the workpiece at that time, registering the position of the cutting edge in the direction perpendicular to the main axis, and bringing the cutting edge into contact with the end surface of the workpiece. By registering the position of the cutting edge in the direction of the main axis, and by registering the position of the cutting edge in the direction perpendicular to the main axis, the distance of the cutting edge to the tool rest in the direction perpendicular to the main axis is calculated, and by registering the position of the cutting edge in the direction of the main axis. , a machining reference position when machining a workpiece is set, and the coordinates of the turret in the main axis direction determined by the tool post position detection means, the length of the workpiece in the main axis direction, and the lathe-specific information in the tool barrier memory are set. From the distance, the distance of the cutting edge in the main axis direction with respect to the tool rest is calculated, and the tool rest position detected by the tool rest position detection section, the distance of the cutting edge with respect to the tool rest, the tool rest shape in the tool barrier memory, and the tool rest position detected by the tool rest position detection section are calculated. From the tool data in the tool data memory, a tool barrier is set for each tool post in a shape that follows the outline of the tool post and the tools attached to the tool post, and the machining reference position for the workpiece is set and each tool post is set. The blade edge position registration operation and the tool barrier setting operation for each tool rest are controlled and configured to be performed simultaneously.

The present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control section of a four-axis numerically controlled lathe to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the setting state of a tool barrier.

The 4-axis numerically controlled lathe 1, as shown in FIG.
The main control section 2 is connected to a keyboard 3, a tool set control section 5, a tool barrier control section 6, and a feed axis control section 7. A tool set memory 9 connected to the tool barrier control unit 6 is connected to the tool set control unit 5.
The tool barrier control unit 6 has a tool barrier memory 1.
0 and tool data memory 1 storing tool data DATA indicating tool shapes such as tool width W and cutting edge angle of tools 21 mounted on tool rests 17 and 19, which will be described later.
1 is connected. On the other hand, a plurality of motors 12 for driving the turret are connected to the turret control section 7, and the motor 12 has a turret position detection section 16 connected to the tool barrier control section 6 and the feed axis control section 7.
is connected. As shown in FIG. 2, the motor 12 has two tool rests 17 and 19 connected to the motor 12 through a feed shaft (not shown), a main shaft 20 which is a Z-axis, and a main shaft 20 in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft 20. The turrets 17 and 19 are connected to each other so that they can be moved and driven in a certain X-axis direction, that is, in the directions of arrows A, B, C, and D in the figure.
One or more tools 21 are mounted on each side of the tool rest with their cutting edges facing in different directions. Further, a chuck 25 for holding a workpiece 22 is rotatably provided on the headstock 23 of the lathe 1.

Since the 4-axis numerically controlled lathe 1 has the above configuration, in order to machine the workpiece 22 into a predetermined shape according to the machining program, the operator must adjust the tool rests 17 and 19 when starting machining. The cutting edge 2 in the X-axis direction in the operating state of the tool 21 attached to the
Position 1a, i.e. turret center TSC1, TSC2
It is necessary to register the distance TX and the machining program PZP. That is, the tool rests 17 and 19 are driven by the motor 12 to move in the directions of arrows A, B, C, and D, and the centers of the tool rests 17 and 19 TSC1,
The coordinates BX and BZ for the respective machine points MZP1 and MZP2 of the TSC2 are determined by the turret position detection unit 16.
It is obtained by integrating the amount of rotation angle of the motor 12 in the positive and negative directions including the rotation direction. Therefore, the position of the cutting edge in the X-axis direction is determined by cutting with the tool cutting edge 21a slightly in contact with the outer periphery of the workpiece 22, and at the center TSC1, TSC2 of the tool rest 17, 19 at that time.
The X coordinate BX of is recorded in the tool barrier memory 9, and then the outer diameter DI of the workpiece 22 cut by the cutting edge 21a is measured and entered from the keyboard 3, the origin MZP1 of the spindle 20, Since the X coordinate MX for MZP2 is known in advance, the position of the cutting edge 21a in the X-axis direction, that is, the distance TX, for each tool rest 17 and 19, is TX=MX-(DI/2+BX)......(1) becomes. These values are stored in the tool set memory 9, and when the main control unit 2 moves the tool to the cutting edge 21a according to the machining program, the cutting edge position in the X-axis direction is changed to the coordinates of the tool post centers TSC1 and TSC2.
Calculations can be made immediately from BX and distance TX, allowing accurate machining.

When the registration of the cutting edge position of the tool 21 is completed, the cutting edge 21a is brought into slight contact with the end surface 22a of the workpiece 22, and the Z coordinate BZ of the tool post centers TSC1 and TSC2 at that time is set to correspond to the Z coordinate of the program origin PZP. It is recorded in the toolset memory 9 as a.
Since the tool 21 on each tool rest 17, 19 is fixed relative to the tool rest 17, 19 during machining, the coordinate BZ of the tool rest center TSC1, TSC2 is the position of the cutting edge 21a of the tool 21, that is, the origin. Corresponds one-to-one to the position of PZP.

In this way, the cutting edge position and the program origin for all the tools 21 mounted on the tool rests 17 and 19.
When the registration of PZP is completed, the tool barrier control unit 6 controls the center of the tool rest of the cutting edge 21a of each tool 21.
The distance TZ in the Z-axis direction from TSC1 and TSC2 is calculated from the Z coordinate BZ corresponding to the program origin PZP in the tool set memory 9. That is, the center of the tool rests 17 and 19 is stored in the tool barrier memory 10.
Shape based on TSC1 and TSC2, machine origin
Distance LS between MZP1, MZP2 and headstock end face 23a
and the end face 23a and the chuck 25, the workpiece 22
The controller 6 stores the distance LW between the end face 25a and the end face 25a in contact with each other, and the control unit 6 calculates the length LW of the workpiece 22 in the direction of the main axis 20 specified in the machining program.
The distance TZ from the turrets 17 and 19 is calculated as TZ=LS−(BZ+LW+LC) (2). Next, the control unit 6 retrieves the coordinates BX and BZ of the tool post centers TSC1 and TSC2 from the tool post position detection unit 16, searches the tool data memory 11, and searches the tool post center from the tool data DATA.
7 and 19 are read out, and the shape of the tool rests 17 and 19 is read out from the memory 10.
As shown in FIG. 2, the tool barrier TBA is set to follow the outline of the tool 21 and the tool rests 17 and 19, with the cutting edge 21a of the blade 1 as a reference.

When the tool barrier TBA is set, the main control unit 2 drives the feed axis control unit 7, and the control unit 7 rotates the motor 12 to rotate the tool rest 17, 19,
Therefore, the tool 21 is appropriately moved in the directions of arrows A, B, C, and D according to the machining program to start the machining operation. The coordinates BX and BZ of the centers TSC1 and TSC2 of the turrets 17 and 19 are taken in periodically, and the barrier TBA is periodically reset in such a manner that it is moved in parallel in accordance with the movement of the tool rests 17 and 19. When the turrets 17 and 19 approach each other and the barriers TBA attached to each turret 17 and 19 interfere with each other, and there is a risk of mutual interference between the turrets 17 and 19, the control unit 6 sends an alarm signal WS. Main control section 2
Output to. The main control unit 2 immediately controls the feed axis control unit 7.
The drive of the motor 12 is stopped via the turret to prevent interference between the tool rests.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the workpiece holding means such as the chuck 25 capable of gripping the workpiece 22 is rotatably provided, and a plurality of tools 21 are mounted with their cutting edges in different directions, In a 4-axis numerically controlled lathe having two movably provided tool rests 17 and 19 and a tool rest position detection section 16 for detecting the positions of the tool rests, the tool 21 mounted on the tool rest Tool data memory 11 that stores tool data indicating the shape, the shape of the tool post, machine origins MZP1, MZP2, and the headstock end face 23
A tool barrier memory 10 is provided that stores lathe-specific distances such as the distances LS and LC between the headstock end face 23a and the end face 25a of the chuck 25 that abuts the workpiece 22, and when starting machining work, The workpiece is held by the workpiece holding means and rotated, the cutting edge 21a of the tool mounted on the two tool rests is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the workpiece, and the diameter of the workpiece at that time is input. By doing this, the position of the cutting edge in the direction perpendicular to the principal axis is registered, and by bringing the cutting edge into contact with the end surface 22a of the workpiece, the position of the cutting edge in the principal axis direction is registered, and the position of the cutting edge in the direction perpendicular to the principal axis is registered. By registering, the distance of the cutting edge relative to the tool rest in the direction perpendicular to the main axis is calculated, and by registering the position of the cutting edge in the main axis direction, a machining reference position such as the program origin PZP when machining the workpiece is set. The distance of the cutting edge in the main axis direction with respect to the tool post is calculated from the coordinates of the tool post in the main axis direction determined by the tool post position detection means, the length of the workpiece in the main axis direction, and the lathe-specific distance in the tool barrier memory. , further detects the tool barrier TBA from the tool rest position detected by the tool rest position detection section, the distance of the cutting edge to the tool rest, the tool rest shape in the tool barrier memory, and the tool data in the tool data memory. Settings are made for each turret in a manner that follows the outline of the tool mounted on the turret, setting of the machining reference position for the workpiece, registration of the cutting edge position of each turret, and setting of the tool barrier in each turret. Since the tool barrier TBA is controlled and configured to be performed at the same time, the tool barrier TBA can be used to register the cutting edge position and the machining reference position such as the machining program origin PZP, which must be done in some way when the operator starts machining. It is now possible to set the tool barrier without the operator being aware of it at the same time as the operation, and there is no need for input operations for setting the barrier as in the past, making it possible to provide a tool barrier setting control method with extremely low burden on the operator. Become.

Note that the tool burr TBA is set in a shape that follows the outline of each tool rest 17, 19 and the tool 21 attached to the tool rest, as shown in FIG.
The tool barrier is set only in the part where the tool post and tool actually exist, and not in other parts, so it is not possible to set the barrier in a way that simply includes the tool cutting edge. Barriers are not set extensively in areas where there is no actual risk of interference, but only in areas where there is an actual risk of interference. Therefore, when performing center work using a tail stock (not shown) or machining work where two turrets are close together, such as when performing external machining on one turret and internal diameter machining on the other, etc. This is extremely practical because it can prevent the occurrence of a situation where the warning signal WS is output even though there is no risk of interference and machining cannot be performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control section of a four-axis numerically controlled lathe to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the setting state of a tool barrier. 1... 4-axis numerical control lathe, 10... Tool barrier memory, 11... Tool data memory, 16...
Turret position detection unit, 17, 19...Turret, 20
...Spindle, 21 ... Tool, 21a ... Cutting edge, 22
...Workpiece, 22a...End face, DI...Diameter,
PZP...Machining program origin, DATA...Tool data, MZP1, MZP2...Machine origin, TX,
TZ, LS, LC...distance, TBA...tool barrier.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A workpiece holding means capable of gripping a workpiece is rotatably provided, and a plurality of tools are attached with their cutting edges in different directions, and two cutters are provided in a freely movable manner. In a 4-axis numerically controlled lathe having a turret position detection section that detects the position of the tool turret and the tool turret, there is a tool data memory that stores tool data indicating the shape of the tool mounted on the tool turret, and A tool barrier memory is provided that stores the shape and distance specific to the lathe, and when starting machining work, the workpiece is held in the workpiece holding means and rotated, and the tools mounted on the two tool rests are Bringing the cutting edge into contact with the outer circumference of the workpiece, registering the position perpendicular to the main axis of the cutting edge by inputting the diameter of the workpiece at that time, and bringing the cutting edge into contact with the end surface of the workpiece. register the position of the cutting edge in the direction of the main axis, and by registering the position of the cutting edge in the direction perpendicular to the main axis, calculate the distance of the cutting edge to the tool rest in the direction perpendicular to the main axis, and register the position of the cutting edge in the direction of the main axis. , the machining reference position for machining the workpiece is set, and the coordinates in the main axis direction of the tool post determined by the tool post position detection means, the length in the main axis direction of the workpiece, and the lathe-specific information in the tool barrier memory are set. From the distance, calculate the distance of the cutting edge to the tool rest in the main axis direction, and further calculate the tool rest position detected by the tool rest position detection section, the distance of the cutting edge to the tool rest, the tool rest shape and the tool rest shape in the tool barrier memory. From the tool data in the tool data memory, set the tool barrier for each tool post in a shape that follows the outer shape of the tool post and the tool installed on the tool post, set the machining reference position for the workpiece, and set the tool barrier for each tool post. A tool barrier setting control method in a four-axis numerically controlled lathe configured to simultaneously perform a cutting edge position registration operation and a tool barrier setting operation in each tool rest.