JPH0254593B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction machine management device that can effectively manage the operation of construction machines.

Various studies have been conducted on methods for efficiently and economically managing the operation of construction machinery. Of course, the purpose of this is, for example, to understand the operation and work status of dump trucks, bulldozers, etc., to formulate and instruct optimal work plans, or to monitor the status of each part of a machine such as a dump truck, such as mileage, fuel, etc. By constantly monitoring consumption, vibration status, etc., recording this data, and comparing and studying this data with work output, we can elucidate how to operate the machine efficiently, and furthermore, prevent fatigue and damage in various parts of the machine. The purpose is to perform rational periodic maintenance and maintenance parts management by clarifying the condition over time.

Based on the above, in order to effectively and rationally manage the operation of construction machinery, it is essential to monitor the operating status of the machine itself and the internal movement status of the machine over time and extract it as accurate data. It is essential.

In this regard, in the past, it was possible to record some data such as speed using tachographs, etc., but this method had low accuracy and required a lot of manpower to decipher the data. However, it was difficult to record.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine management device that can accurately collect a large amount of data related to the operation management of construction machines and process it efficiently and rationally. shall be.

In order to achieve such an objective, the present invention:
The status of each part of the construction machine is detected and measured using various well-known sensors, and the detected and measured data is electrically recorded in a removable portable memory of the construction machine as operation management data, and then the above-mentioned operation management is performed. Desired analysis and processing can be performed by importing the data offline, that is, by importing the data into a data processing device such as a computer through the portable memory removed from the construction machine.

Note that the operation management data for construction machinery referred to here can be broadly divided into the following three types of data.

(1) Data indicating the working (operating) status of the machine For example: ○A Dump truck: "Disposal" → "Traveling" →
The number of operations and travel distance in which "loading" → "driving" is one work cycle.

○B Number of times the dump truck raises and lowers Bethel.

○Hub Dozing time of bulldozer and number of operations.

○D Number of various operations of the power shovel.

Data on etc.

(2) Data indicating the status of each part inside the machine. For example: ○A Engine start, stop, and rotation speed.

○B Vibration, stress, etc. in various parts of the machine.

○C Cumulative mileage and cumulative operating time.

○D Amount of fuel, oil, etc. used and remaining amount.

Data on etc.

(3) Data showing the employment status of each driver for example, ○A Workplace number and driver number.

○B Time of arrival and departure of the driver concerned.

Data on etc.

These data are recorded in the portable memory as objects to be managed by the management device according to the present invention. Therefore, by analyzing and processing these recorded data using a computer or the like, specifically, the following various types of management can be performed.

(1) Economical and rational process control and work planning The relationship between cost and earthwork output can be grasped with higher precision at any time, and the overall work volume and machine arrangement (vehicle allocation) can be rationalized.

(2) Economical maintenance management and maintenance parts management Since the load status of each part of the machine can be measured as data, highly accurate preventive maintenance can be performed. Furthermore, maintenance parts can be managed economically. In addition, fuel, oil, etc. can be managed in a planned manner, and as a result, the operating rate of the machine can be increased.

(3) Employment management Since the employment status of drivers can be clearly understood as data, accurate employment management and wage payment can be carried out.

As described above, according to the construction machine management device of the present invention, a large amount of operational management data of the construction machine can be recorded by simply attaching a portable memory, which is a small, lightweight and easy-to-handle device to the construction machine. Furthermore, since the recorded data is collected off-line and intensively analyzed and processed by a computer or the like, the various types of management described above can be realized very efficiently and rationally.
Of course, the work involved in analyzing and processing this data is 1
It can be carried out by a small group of about 2 people, and data input to the above-mentioned computers is performed only through portable memory, so even though large machines such as construction machines are handled, they can be carried out in small spaces such as offices. Can perform work related to analysis and processing.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the work type and time of the driver's work and wages are calculated accurately without human intervention, and are carried out clearly and fairly, which greatly increases motivation for production. be effective.

In principle, the storage element used in the above-mentioned portable memory may be of any type as long as it can freely write and read the operation management data mentioned above, but in practice, semiconductor memory such as RAM (random access memory) is used. , or a magnetic bubble memory is suitable.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a construction machine management device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a construction machine management device according to the present invention.

In Fig. 1, 10 to 80 (20 to 70 are not shown in the figure) are respectively attached to construction machines (here, a dump truck is taken as an example) placed at the site, and are used for various management in the operating state. The sensor 10 is a sensor for extracting target data, and here, as an example, the sensor 10 is placed on a shaft or the like that interlocks with the wheels of a dump truck, and outputs a number of electric pulses proportional to the rotational speed, that is, the running speed of the dump truck itself. The travel sensor or sensor 20 constantly monitors the position of the vehicle on the dump truck, and outputs a high-level signal, for example, at a logic level when the vehicle is raised, and outputs, for example, a low-level signal at a logic level when the vehicle is lowered. Betsu cell upper and lower sensors that output level signals,
An engine state sensor in which the sensor 30 constantly monitors whether the engine is on or off, outputs a high level signal at a logic level when the engine is on, and outputs a low level signal at a logic level when the engine is off; A sensor 40 is appropriately placed on the shaft of the engine and outputs a number of electrical pulses corresponding to the engine speed, and a sensor 50 is placed on the chassis of the dump truck or other parts where a lot of vibration and stress are applied. A vibration/stress sensor or sensor 60 that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the degree of vibration or stress occurring in the relevant part during operation detects the remaining amount of fuel when the engine is on or off, and outputs an appropriate signal corresponding to the remaining amount. The sensor 70 is a fuel level sensor that outputs (if the detection signal is an analog signal, it is converted into a digital signal and outputted), and detects the remaining level of various oils in the same way as the fuel level sensor 60 described above. It is assumed that the remaining amount sensor, sensor 80, is also a radiator water level sensor that detects the radiator water level in the same manner as the remaining fuel amount sensor 60 or the remaining oil amount sensor 70 described above. Although only the eight main types of sensors are shown here, in practical use it is of course possible to add other sensors (for example, battery fluid level sensor, temperature sensor, etc.) for more precise management. Conversely, the number of these sensors may be reduced to narrow down the objects to be managed. However, in the following explanation, the data extracted by the eight types of sensors mentioned above will be used as the operation data of the dump truck handled by the apparatus of this embodiment.

Reference numeral 100 in FIG. 1 is a memory board holder having a structure in which a memory board 200 described below can be freely attached and detached. It also has the function of collecting and transferring these to the attached memory board 200. An example of the electrical configuration of this memory board holder 100 is shown in FIG. That is, in this embodiment, the holder 100 is
The traveling sensor 10 and the engine rotation sensor 4
A counter 101 and a counter 102 each count the number of electric pulses output from 0, the counting outputs of these counters 101 and 102, the above-mentioned Betssel upper and lower sensor 20, engine condition sensor 30, vibration and stress sensor 50, and fuel remaining. The I/O interface 103 controls the transfer of these signals to the memory board 200 based on a predetermined time base while latching the detection outputs of the amount sensor 60, the oil remaining amount sensor 70, and the radiator water level sensor 80. configured.

The memory board 200 is, for example, a portable storage device having a postcard-sized plate shape, and is configured to freely write and read various data. In this embodiment, the memory board 200 is assumed to be an electronic device equipped with a semiconductor memory such as a RAM, and an example of its electrical configuration is shown in FIG. In other words, this memory board 200
includes a data memory 201 consisting of a semiconductor memory such as the RAM, a clock 202 that outputs time data indicating the date and time, and the memory board 200 and the memory board holder 100 or the memory reader/writer 310 described below. an I/O interface 203 that exchanges various data between the
A program memory 204 consisting of a semiconductor memory such as a ROM (read only memory), and writing of time data outputted from the clock 202 to the data memory 201 based on the program data prestored in the program memory 204 and the above-mentioned Writing various data taken into the I/O interface 203 to the data memory 201 and writing data stored in the data memory 201 to the I/O interface 203
An arithmetic processing unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) that centrally controls reading, etc. to the memory board, and a clock operation of the clock 202 during a power outage (for example, when the memory board is stored in an office or carried by a driver). Each of them is provided with a power outage guarantee battery 206 that guarantees retention of the contents stored in the data memory 201. Note that in recent years, nonvolatile RAMs (called EERAMs) that retain their memory contents even during power outages have been released, and such RAMs can also be used as the data memory 201.
Of course, when such a RAM is used, the configuration is such that power is supplied only to the power supply 202 using the power outage guarantee battery. Further, the clock 202 may be built into the memory board holder 100 described above, but in such a case, special effort is sometimes required to calibrate the time, so in practice, the clock 202 may be built into the memory board holder 100 as described above. It is desirable that the That is, if the clock 202 is built into the memory board 200, the time is automatically calibrated by the submaster computer 300 described below each time the memory board 200 is attached to the memory reader/writer 310.

The submaster computer 300 is a data processing device consisting of a microcomputer system, and is installed at a regional management center. This sub-master computer 300 is a memory reader/writer that can freely attach and detach the above-mentioned memory board 200 and can freely read data stored in this memory board 200 and write data to this memory board 200. (hereinafter simply referred to as a reader) 310,
Memory board 200 attached to the reader 310
In addition to printing out the stored data as it is on the attached printer 320, it also organizes the data and outputs the total work time and work amount for each job, machine, machine group, etc. Has a function. In addition, sub-master computer 30
0 is connected to a periodic maintenance achievement display board 330.

This periodic maintenance achievement display board (hereinafter referred to as the display board) 330 displays the cumulative operating time or cumulative mileage and the type of periodic maintenance that should be received for vehicles that have reached a predetermined periodic maintenance time. . These displays are determined and instructed by the submaster computer 300, and the vehicle number, cumulative operating time or cumulative mileage, and periodic maintenance type data are sent to the display board 330. The sub-master computer 300 determines whether the regular maintenance time has been reached by comparing the cumulative operating time or cumulative mileage of each vehicle from the memory board 200 with the regular maintenance table. In this way, for example, if it is determined that a certain vehicle has reached the time corresponding to periodic maintenance "B" and that fact is displayed on the display board, the vehicle will undergo periodic maintenance (advance maintenance) according to periodic maintenance "B". You will receive work. When the maintenance work has been completed, the display on the display board is turned off by inputting a message to that effect from the keyboard of the sub-master computer 300.

In this embodiment, the submaster computer 300 has jurisdiction over workplaces within a small regional area and performs simple statistics, analysis, and processing on a daily basis. Therefore, the processing power and storage capacity of the submaster computer 300 are as follows.
It may be of a small capacity commensurate with this.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment device, information on the memory board 200 is transmitted to the host computer 400 of the central management center through the sub-master computer 300. The host computer 400 collects information from each management center (only one is shown for convenience in FIG. 1) and creates various weekly and monthly reports at the national level or within a large area. In addition, various materials are printed out so that the progress management, machine maintenance management, fuel management, and employment/wage management described above can be carried out appropriately and effectively.

Next, a construction machine management method according to the present invention using the embodiment device described above will be specifically explained.

One memory board 200 is distributed in advance to each driver of a machine (dump truck in this example). Also, its inside (data memory 20
In 1), it is assumed that the necessary codes for identification, such as the unique number of the memory board and the driver number, are registered in advance. This pre-registration can be done via reader 310.

Now, the operator of the machine uses this memory board 20.
By handling 0 just like a generally used time card, the working status of the driver is also stored in this memory board 200. That is, first, when each driver inserts his or her own memory board into the reader 310, ○a attendance time○a reader number (indicating workplace number) is written on the memory board 200, as well as information on the memory board 200. The built-in clock 202 is calibrated.

After that, the driver transfers the memory board 200 to the reader 3.
10 and inserted into a memory board holder 100 installed in a dump truck. When the memory board 200 is inserted into the holder 100, the respective communication functions are combined and the next data is sent from the holder 100 to the memory board 200.

○A Cumulative operating time ○B Cumulative mileage ○C Remaining amount of fuel, oil, radiator water, etc. ○E Holder number (indicates vehicle number) The above data indicates the condition of the machine at the start of work. Thereafter, as the engine key is turned on and the machine is operated, various operating states of each part of the machine are sequentially recorded as data in the memory board 200.

Here, there are three types of input data to this memory board 200: (1) data indicating the working status of the machine, (2) data indicating the status of each part inside the machine, and (3) data indicating the working status of the driver. As explained earlier,
In particular, data indicating the state of each part inside the machine (2) is preprocessed as necessary.

For example, the vibration and stress data detected by the sensor 50 is sampled at a predetermined cycle, and the maximum, minimum, or average value within the sampling period is input into the holder 100 as a digitized value for each sampling period. be done. In addition, all data within a sampling time may be input into the holder 100 as frequency distribution data obtained by forming a histogram according to size.

When the day's work is thus completed, the next data is recorded on the memory board 200.

○A Driver's departure time ○A Leader number ○C Holder number ○E Cumulative operating time at the time of the same end ○E Cumulative mileage at the time of the same end ○F Remaining amount of fuel, oil, radiator water, etc. at the time of the same end ○ G. Conditions of various parts inside the machine collected during the day's operation After that, the operator returned to the office carrying the memory board 200 and reinserted it into the reader 310, and these data were recorded. Various data are taken into submaster computer 300. Also, the reader 310 of this memory board 200
The time of re-insertion is registered as the end time of the driver.

At the office, i.e., the management center, by the appropriate operation of the operator (or by the above-mentioned memory board 2
00 into the reader 310), the submaster computer 300 analyzes and processes the recorded data, and creates a so-called daily report regarding the operating status of the machine and the working status of the driver. Further, as a result of this data processing, if there is a machine that has reached the period requiring periodic maintenance, this fact is displayed on the display board 330 in the manner described above.

Furthermore, as described above, the data processed by the sub-master computer 300 is transmitted to the host computer 400 of the central control center and re-edited into weekly reports, monthly reports, etc. on a national level or within a large area.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, only a dump truck was exemplified as a construction machine to be managed.
It goes without saying that the management method and device according to the present invention can be applied to all construction machines. That is, it is only necessary to provide in advance a sensor capable of extracting desired data for each construction machine to be managed. For example, if the construction machine to be managed is a power shovel, the number of operations can be easily determined by installing a sensor that outputs an electric pulse corresponding to the type of work each time a section of work is completed. In addition, if the construction machine to be managed is a bulldozer, the time and number of operations can be easily reduced by installing a sensor that continuously outputs an electrical signal while the earth is being dosed. can be grasped. At actual construction sites, a plurality of such dump trucks, power shovels, pull dozers, etc. are often used, and applying the present invention to all of these construction machines is based on the rationality of their operational management and the invention. This will further enhance the significance of the project.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, assuming a relatively large organization, two types of computers, the submaster computer 300 and the host computer 400, are prepared as means for processing data recorded on the memory board 200. If the number of submaster computers 300 is small, sufficient management can be performed using only the submaster computer 300.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram showing an embodiment of the construction machine management device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the electrical configuration of the memory board holder shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the electrical configuration of the memory board shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 10-80...Sensor, 100...Memory board holder, 101,102...Counter, 103,20
3...I/O interface, 200...memory board, 201...data memory, 202...clock, 2
04...Program memory, 205...CPU, 20
6...Power outage guarantee battery, 300...Submaster computer, 310...Reader, 320...Printer, 33
0...Display board, 400...Host computer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A semiconductor memory device that can be freely written to and read from, a clock that outputs time data indicating the date, time, etc., and a clock that outputs time data that is output from the clock and that writes and reads the time data to the semiconductor memory device. A portable memory configured with an arithmetic processing unit that controls writing of externally applied data to the semiconductor storage device and reading of data stored in the semiconductor storage device, respectively; and a portable memory disposed in a construction machine, The operation of various parts of the construction machine, including electrical signals that indicate the working status of the machine, whether the engine is running or stopped, and its rotation speed, vibrations and stress in various parts of the machine, remaining amount of fuel and oil, etc. a plurality of sensors each outputting an electrical signal indicative of the situation over time; and a structure that is also placed on the construction machine and allows the portable memory to be freely attached or detached, a memory holder for individually latching signals based on predetermined time bases corresponding to time data output from a clock in the portable memory, and sequentially transferring and storing the latch data in the attached portable memory; A memory reader/writer having a structure that can be freely attached and detached, and a portable memory attached to this memory reader/writer that calibrates the time of the clock, as well as the management number of the memory, the construction machine number to be managed, and the operator to be managed. a first processing means for writing a predetermined identification code indicating a number etc. into the semiconductor storage device; and a first processing means for writing a predetermined identification code indicating a number etc. into the semiconductor storage device; and Required analysis of machine operating conditions;
A construction machinery management device comprising: a data processing means configured to include a second processing means for executing processing. 2. The second processing means stores a memory in which data indicating the periodic maintenance period of each of one or more construction machines to be managed is stored together with an identification code indicating the management number thereof, and the contents of this memory and the memory reader. When it is determined that the construction machine has reached the required period of periodic maintenance by comparing the contents of the data stored in the portable memory installed in the writer, the management number of the construction machine, the type of periodic maintenance, and cumulative operation data. 2. A construction machine management device according to claim 1, further comprising display means for displaying the following information.