JPH0254291B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0254291B2 JPH0254291B2 JP7538983A JP7538983A JPH0254291B2 JP H0254291 B2 JPH0254291 B2 JP H0254291B2 JP 7538983 A JP7538983 A JP 7538983A JP 7538983 A JP7538983 A JP 7538983A JP H0254291 B2 JPH0254291 B2 JP H0254291B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- weight
- parts
- silicate
- molded body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はセメント成形体の製造方法に関し、詳
しくは、焼成して再水和させるまでの形状保持性
にすぐれると共に、緻密で強度の大きいセメント
成形体を製造する方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a cement molded body, and more specifically, a method for manufacturing a cement molded body that is dense and strong and has excellent shape retention until firing and rehydration. Regarding.
一般に、セメント成形体を高温に加熱した場合
にその強度が低下することはよく知られている
が、セメントに水、骨材、繊維等を添加混合して
なる混練物を加圧成形して、含水量の少ない成形
物を得、これを予備的に水和させることにより、
この後に焼成及び再水和を行なつて、高強度のセ
メント成形体を得ることが既に知られている（特
公昭56−48464号）。しかし、この方法において
は、焼成から再水和硬化までの成形物の形状保持
性がよくなく、また、表面仕上げしたセメント成
形体を製造する場合には、予備水和後の成形物の
表面に塗料や釉薬を塗布し、上記のように焼成し
た後、冷却し、再水和するが、この冷却時に成形
物のセメント基体や塗膜に微細な亀裂が生じる傾
向がある。 Generally, it is well known that when a cement molded body is heated to a high temperature, its strength decreases. By obtaining a molded product with low water content and pre-hydrating it,
It is already known that a high-strength cement molded body can be obtained by subsequent firing and rehydration (Japanese Patent Publication No. 48464/1983). However, with this method, the shape retention of the molded product from firing to rehydration hardening is not good, and when producing a surface-finished cement molded product, the surface of the molded product after pre-hydration is After the paint or glaze is applied and fired as described above, it is cooled and rehydrated, but during this cooling, microcracks tend to occur in the cement base and coating of the molded product.
本発明は上記した問題を解決するためになされ
たものであつて、セメント混練物を成形し、焼成
した後、再水和させるまでの形状保持性にすぐれ
ると共に、緻密で高強度のセメント成形体を得る
ことができ、また、塗料や釉薬を塗布し、焼成し
て表面仕上げする場合にも、成形体基体や塗膜に
亀裂の生じないセメント成形体の製造方法を提供
することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has excellent shape retention properties until rehydration after molding and firing of a cement mixture, as well as dense and high-strength cement molding. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a cement molded body, which can obtain a cement molded body, and which does not cause cracks in the base of the molded body or the coating film even when the surface is finished by applying paint or glaze and firing. do.
本発明のセメント成形体の製造方法は、ポルト
ランドセメント、ケイ酸塩、界面活性剤及び水を
含有するセメント混練物を所要形状に成形した
後、加熱焼成し、次いで、再水和させることを特
徴とするものである。 The method for producing a cement molded body of the present invention is characterized by forming a cement kneaded material containing Portland cement, a silicate, a surfactant, and water into a desired shape, heating and baking it, and then rehydrating it. That is.
本発明の方法においては、セメント混練物はポ
ルトランドセメントと共にケイ酸塩と界面活性剤
とを含有する。このケイ酸塩は、セメント混練物
からの成形物を加熱したときに、脱水縮合し、固
化して、成形物中に骨格を形成し、焼成後の形状
保持性を高める。界面活性剤は、このケイ酸塩が
ポルトランドセメントの水和時に生じるカルシウ
ムイオンによつて、常温で急速にゲル化するのを
防止する。従つて、ケイ酸塩と共に界面活性剤を
併用しないときは、セメント混練物を調製する際
に、ケイ酸塩が急速にゲル化して、混練物の組成
を不均一にし、場合によつては、混練が行なえな
いこともあり、この結果、高強度の成形体を得る
ことが困難となる。 In the method of the present invention, the cement mixture contains Portland cement as well as a silicate and a surfactant. When a molded product made from a cement kneaded product is heated, this silicate undergoes dehydration condensation and solidifies, forming a skeleton in the molded product and improving shape retention after firing. The surfactant prevents this silicate from rapidly gelling at room temperature due to calcium ions generated during hydration of Portland cement. Therefore, when a surfactant is not used together with a silicate, when preparing a cement mixture, the silicate quickly gels, making the composition of the mixture non-uniform, and in some cases, Kneading may not be possible, and as a result, it becomes difficult to obtain a molded article with high strength.
ケイ酸塩はポルトランドセメント100重量部に
ついて５〜70重量部配合され、界面活性剤はポル
トランドセメント100重量部について0.5〜10重量
部配合される。ケイ酸塩が上記範囲よりも少ない
ときは、加熱時にケイ酸塩が成形物中に骨格を形
成して、その形状保持性を高める効果が十分では
なく、一方、上記範囲よりも多いときは、ポルト
ランドセメントの硬化が十分に行なわれない。ま
た、界面活性剤の配合量が余りに少ないときは、
ケイ酸塩の急速なゲル化を防止することができ
ず、一方、多すぎるときは混練物の硬化不良が生
じる。 The silicate is blended in an amount of 5 to 70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, and the surfactant is blended in an amount of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of Portland cement. When the amount of silicate is less than the above range, the silicate forms a skeleton in the molded product during heating, and the effect of improving its shape retention is not sufficient. On the other hand, when the amount is more than the above range, Portland cement does not harden sufficiently. Also, when the amount of surfactant blended is too small,
Rapid gelation of the silicate cannot be prevented, and on the other hand, if the amount is too high, the kneaded product will be poorly hardened.
上記ケイ酸塩としては、通常、アルカリ金属塩
が用いられ、特に、ケイ酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸カ
リウム及びケイ酸リチウムが好ましい。また、界
面活性剤は特に制限されるものではないが、例え
ばポリオキシアルキレンモノエーテルような非イ
オン系界面活性剤が好ましく用いられる。 As the silicate, an alkali metal salt is usually used, and sodium silicate, potassium silicate, and lithium silicate are particularly preferred. Further, the surfactant is not particularly limited, but for example, a nonionic surfactant such as polyoxyalkylene monoether is preferably used.
尚、本発明においては、セメント混練物は、必
要に応じて、フライアツシユやケイ砂等の微粒骨
材や、また、石綿、ガラス繊維等の補強用繊維を
含有していてもよい。 In the present invention, the cement mixture may contain fine aggregates such as fly ash and silica sand, and reinforcing fibers such as asbestos and glass fibers, if necessary.
本発明の方法においては、上記ようなポルトラ
ンドセメント混練物を所要形状に成形するが、こ
の際の成形方法及び成形圧は何ら制限されず、目
的とする硬化体の形状や所要強度等に応じて、プ
レス法や押出法等によつて成形物を得る。また、
プレス成形の場合、そ成形圧は、例えば50〜2000
Kg／cm2であるが、これに限定されるものではな
い。 In the method of the present invention, the Portland cement kneaded material as described above is molded into a desired shape, but the molding method and molding pressure at this time are not limited in any way, and may vary depending on the shape and required strength of the intended hardened product. A molded article is obtained by a pressing method, an extrusion method, or the like. Also,
In the case of press molding, the molding pressure is, for example, 50 to 2000
Kg/ cm2 , but is not limited to this.
このようにして得られた成形物を次いで焼成す
るが、この焼成温度は通常、150〜900℃の範囲で
ある。焼成温度は、特に表面仕上げした成形体を
得る場合に、用いる塗料や釉薬の種類によつて適
宜に選ばれ、例えば、ケイ酸塩系塗料を用いる場
合は、焼成温度は150〜300℃の温度が好適であ
り、釉薬を用いる場合は、300〜900℃の温度が好
適である。 The molded article thus obtained is then fired, and the firing temperature is usually in the range of 150 to 900°C. The firing temperature is selected appropriately depending on the type of paint or glaze used, especially when obtaining a molded body with a surface finish. For example, when using a silicate paint, the firing temperature is 150 to 300°C. is suitable, and when using a glaze, a temperature of 300 to 900°C is suitable.
次いで、この焼成物を冷却後、再水和させるこ
とにより、セメント成形体を得るが、この再水和
は、必要な水分が供給される限りは、特に方法は
限定されず、例えば、水中、蒸気中或いはオート
クレーブ中での加圧下で行なわれる。 Next, this fired product is cooled and then rehydrated to obtain a cement molded body, but the rehydration method is not particularly limited as long as the necessary moisture is supplied. It is carried out under pressure in steam or in an autoclave.
以上のように、本発明の方法によれば、ポルト
ランドセメント混練物がケイ酸塩と界面活性剤と
を含有し、混練物の成形物の加熱時にケイ酸塩が
急速なゲル化を起こすことなく、成形物中に骨格
を形成するので、成形物は焼成から再水和までの
間の形状保持性にすぐれ、従つて、寸法精度にす
ぐれる成形体を得ることができると共に、表面仕
上げした成形体を得る場合には、焼成によつても
成形体や塗膜に微細な亀裂が発生せず、このよう
にして、強靭な塗膜を有する表面仕上げセメント
成形体を得ることができる。 As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the Portland cement kneaded material contains a silicate and a surfactant, and the silicate does not undergo rapid gelation when the molded product of the kneaded product is heated. , since a skeleton is formed in the molded product, the molded product has excellent shape retention from firing to rehydration. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a molded product with excellent dimensional accuracy, and it is possible to obtain a molded product with a surface finish. When a cement body is obtained, fine cracks do not occur in the molded body or the coating film even during firing, and in this way, a surface-finished cement molded body having a tough coating film can be obtained.
以下に本発明の実施例を挙げる。尚、各例にお
いて、得られたシート成形体の曲げ強度はJIS
A1408による建築ボード類の曲げ試験法に準じて
測定した。 Examples of the present invention are listed below. In each example, the bending strength of the sheet molded product obtained was JIS
Measurements were made according to the bending test method for architectural boards according to A1408.
実施例 １
ポルトランドセメント100重量部、ケイ酸ナト
リウム（水ガラス３号）20重量部、界面活性剤２
重量部及び水20重量部を混合して混練物を調製
し、これを50Kg／cm2の圧力でプレス成形して、縦
横各20cm、厚み１cmのシートを得た。Example 1 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, 20 parts by weight of sodium silicate (water glass No. 3), 2 parts by weight of surfactant
A kneaded product was prepared by mixing parts by weight and 20 parts by weight of water, and this was press-molded at a pressure of 50 kg/cm 2 to obtain a sheet measuring 20 cm in length and width and 1 cm in thickness.
このシートを100℃で予備乾燥した後、300℃温
度で30分間保持して焼成し、次いで、常温にまで
冷却した。この後、水中で２週間再水和させて、
成形体を得た。この成形体には、塗膜、基体共に
異常なく、また、曲げ強度は230Kg／cm2であつた。 This sheet was pre-dried at 100°C, then fired by holding at 300°C for 30 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature. After this, rehydrate in water for 2 weeks,
A molded body was obtained. This molded article had no abnormalities in either the coating film or the substrate, and the bending strength was 230 Kg/cm 2 .
実施例 ２
ポルトランドセメント100重量部、ケイ酸カリ
ウム30重量部、界面活性剤１重量部及び水15重量
部を混合して混練物を調製し、実施例１と同様に
してシートに成形した。このシートを100℃で予
備乾燥した後、その表面にケイ酸塩系塗料を塗布
し、290℃に加熱し、この温度に30分間保持して
焼成した後、常温にまで冷却した。次いで、水中
で２週間再水和させて、成形体を得た。この成形
体には、塗膜、基体共に異常なく、また、曲げ強
度は250Kg／cm2であつた。Example 2 A kneaded product was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, 30 parts by weight of potassium silicate, 1 part by weight of a surfactant and 15 parts by weight of water, and formed into a sheet in the same manner as in Example 1. After pre-drying this sheet at 100°C, a silicate-based paint was applied to its surface, heated to 290°C, held at this temperature for 30 minutes for firing, and then cooled to room temperature. Next, it was rehydrated in water for two weeks to obtain a molded body. This molded article had no abnormalities in either the coating film or the substrate, and the bending strength was 250 Kg/cm 2 .
実施例 ３
ポルトランドセメント100重量部、ケイ酸ナト
リウム50重量部、界面活性剤２重量部及び水18重
量部を混合して混練物を調製し、実施例１と同様
にしてシートに形成した。このシートの表面に釉
薬ガラスを塗布し、100℃で乾燥した後、電気炉
中で650℃まで加熱し、40分間保持して焼成した
後、常温にまで冷却した。次いで、90℃の飽和蒸
気中で１日間再水和させた後、更に水中で１週間
再水和させて、成形体を得た。この成形体には、
塗膜、基体共に異常なく、また、曲げ強度は180
Kg／cm2であつた。Example 3 A kneaded product was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, 50 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 2 parts by weight of a surfactant and 18 parts by weight of water, and formed into a sheet in the same manner as in Example 1. A glazed glass was applied to the surface of this sheet, dried at 100°C, heated to 650°C in an electric furnace, held for 40 minutes for firing, and then cooled to room temperature. Next, the mixture was rehydrated in saturated steam at 90°C for one day, and then further rehydrated in water for one week to obtain a molded body. This molded body has
There are no abnormalities in the coating film or the base, and the bending strength is 180.
It was Kg/ cm2 .
実施例 ４
ポルトランドセメント100重量部、ケイ酸ナト
リウム15重量部、界面活性剤１重量部、メチルセ
ルロース0.75重量部、石綿５重量部及び水19重量
部を混合して混練物を調製し、こ混練物を押出成
形機によりシートに成形した。得られたシートを
100℃で乾燥し、その表面にケイ酸塩系塗料を塗
布し、270℃で60分間加熱して、塗料を焼付けた
後、常温にまで冷却した。次いで、水中で２週間
再水和させて、成形体を得た。この成形体には、
塗膜、基体共に異常なく、また、曲げ強度は320
Kg／cm2であつた。Example 4 A kneaded product was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, 15 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 1 part by weight of a surfactant, 0.75 parts by weight of methylcellulose, 5 parts by weight of asbestos, and 19 parts by weight of water. was molded into a sheet using an extrusion molding machine. the obtained sheet
After drying at 100°C, a silicate-based paint was applied to the surface, heated at 270°C for 60 minutes to bake the paint, and then cooled to room temperature. Next, it was rehydrated in water for two weeks to obtain a molded body. This molded body has
There are no abnormalities in the coating film or the base, and the bending strength is 320.
It was Kg/ cm2 .
比較例 １
ポルトランドセメント100重量部、ケイ酸ナト
リウム40重量部及び水25重量部を混合したとこ
ろ、混練中にセメント粉が一部塊状化し、混合が
不均一であつた。このようにして得た混練物は実
施例１と同様にシートに成形したが、シート表面
には気孔が多く、且つ、不均一な表面性状を呈し
ていた。冷却後、水中で１週間再水和させて成形
体を得た。この成形体の曲げ強度は85Kg／cm2であ
つた。Comparative Example 1 When 100 parts by weight of Portland cement, 40 parts by weight of sodium silicate, and 25 parts by weight of water were mixed, some of the cement powder became lumps during kneading, and the mixing was uneven. The thus obtained kneaded product was formed into a sheet in the same manner as in Example 1, but the sheet surface had many pores and had an uneven surface texture. After cooling, it was rehydrated in water for one week to obtain a molded body. The bending strength of this molded body was 85 kg/cm 2 .
比較例 ２
ポルトランドセメント100重量部に水25重量部
を混合して混練物を調製し、実施例１と同様にし
てシートに成形し、100℃で乾燥した後、その表
面に釉薬ガラスを塗布し、650℃にまで加熱して
40分間保持して焼成した後、常温にまで冷却し
た。冷却中にセメント成形体基体に亀裂が発生
し、一部破損した。冷却後、水中で１週間再水和
させて、成形体を得た。曲げ強度は130Kg／cm2で
あつた。Comparative Example 2 A kneaded product was prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of Portland cement with 25 parts by weight of water, formed into a sheet in the same manner as in Example 1, dried at 100°C, and then coated with glaze glass on the surface. , heated to 650℃
After baking by holding for 40 minutes, it was cooled to room temperature. During cooling, cracks occurred in the cement molded body base and some parts were damaged. After cooling, it was rehydrated in water for one week to obtain a molded body. The bending strength was 130Kg/ cm2 .
Claims (1)
剤及び水を含有するセメント混練物を所要形状に
成形した後、加熱焼成し、次いで、再水和させる
ことを特徴とするセメント成形体の製造方法。1. A method for producing a cement molded body, which comprises molding a cement kneaded material containing Portland cement, a silicate, a surfactant, and water into a desired shape, heating and baking it, and then rehydrating it.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7538983A JPS59199561A (en) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Manufacture of cement formed body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7538983A JPS59199561A (en) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Manufacture of cement formed body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59199561A JPS59199561A (en) | 1984-11-12 |
| JPH0254291B2 true JPH0254291B2 (en) | 1990-11-21 |
Family
ID=13574781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7538983A Granted JPS59199561A (en) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-04-27 | Manufacture of cement formed body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59199561A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6291455A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1987-04-25 | 徳岡 昭夫 | Cement product and manufacture |
| JPS63260878A (en) * | 1987-04-17 | 1988-10-27 | 株式会社イナックス | Manufacture of cement products |
-
1983
- 1983-04-27 JP JP7538983A patent/JPS59199561A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59199561A (en) | 1984-11-12 |
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