JPH0252958A - Heat pump air-conditioning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need to perform control of switching through a special mode and to enable execution of rapid and simple switching by a method wherein a refrigerant recovery pipe is disposed on the lower pressure side of a decompression device through the second accumulator of an outdoor machine unit for external heat source heat pump heating and a check valve. CONSTITUTION:A decompression device 25 is located in an outdoor machine unit C for external heat source heat pump heating. A refrigerant recovery pipe 26 is disposed to the lower pressure side (during heating operation) of the decompression device 25 through a second accumulator 11 of the outdoor machine unit C for heating external heat source heat pump heating and a check valve 27. Thus, simultaneously with switching from external heat source heat pump heating operation to air heat source heat pump heating operation, a refrigerant in a refrigerant heater 10 and a second accumulator 11 of the outdoor machine unit C for external heat source heat pump heating is smoothly moved in an air heat source heat pump heating operation cycle, and the air heat source heat pump heating operation by means of a sufficient refrigerant amount is started.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heat pump air-conditioning system, which uses an air-source heat pump to heat the air-conditioning system and a refrigerant using kerosene or city gas as a heat source when the outside temperature is low. The present invention relates to a heat pump air-conditioning system equipped with an external heat source heat pump heating system using a combustor that heats and uses the entire inside for space heating.

[Prior Art] An air source heat pump air conditioner has a heat output of 1 q on the indoor side, which is 2 to 3 times the amount of heat pumped up from the outside. However, in terms of heating performance, due to the principle of the same pump, the heating capacity decreases as the heating load increases as the outside air temperature decreases.

Therefore, air-source heat pump heating is currently not practical in cold regions such as the Tohoku and Hokkaido regions.For this reason, in winter, refrigerant is heated outdoors using the combustion heat of kerosene, city gas, etc. However, an external heat source heat pump air-conditioning system using a combustor that heats the room by transporting it indoors has been put into practical use. Such an external heat source heat pump air-conditioning device will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram showing refrigerant piping and equipment of a conventional heat pump air conditioning system.

In the figure, (7) is the first compressor that compresses the refrigerant, (
2) is an air heat source outdoor heat exchanger that performs heat exchange by vaporizing or liquefying the refrigerant, (3) is a four-way switching valve that switches the refrigerant passage between heating operation and cooling operation, and (4) is reducing the pressure of the refrigerant. (5) is a first accumulator that temporarily stores refrigerant; (6) is an outdoor heat exchanger blower that blows air to the air heat source outdoor heat exchanger (2).

These constitute an air source heat pump air conditioning/heating outdoor unit (A>).

(7)' is a blower consisting of a rolling fan, etc.; (8)
is an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat by vaporizing or liquefying refrigerant. These constitute an indoor unit (B).

(9) is a combustor that burns kerosene, etc.; (10) is a refrigerant heater that exchanges heat between combustion gas and refrigerant; (11) is a refrigerant heater that heats the refrigerant; and (11) is a device that temporarily stores refrigerant. Second
The accumulator (12) is a second compressor for conveying the refrigerant. These constitute an external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C).

(13) and (14) are first and second solenoid valves inserted in the refrigerant passages connecting the air source heat pump air conditioning/heating outdoor unit (A) and the handheld unit units 1 to (, B). (15) and (16) are the refrigerant heater (10), the second accumulator (11), and the second accumulator (11) in the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C).
The compressor (12) is connected in series with third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves arranged at the front and rear, respectively. The refrigerant on-off valves (13), (14), (15), and (16) are opened and closed as appropriate depending on the operating mode to switch the refrigerant circulation path.

Next, the operation of each refrigerant circuit during the cooling operation, the air source heat pump heating operation, and the external heat source heat pump heating operation of the heat pump air conditioner with this configuration will be explained.

First, during cooling operation, each refrigerant on-off valve (13), (1
4), (15>, (16)), the first and second refrigerant on-off valves (13), (14) are opened, and the third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves (15), (16) are opened. The refrigerant is closed and the refrigerant accumulated in the first accumulator (5) is used.The refrigerant is transferred from the first compressor (1) to the four-way switching valve (3) to the air heat source outdoor heat exchanger (2). → Pressure reducing device (4) → Second refrigerant on-off valve (14) → Indoor heat exchanger (8) → First refrigerant on-off valve (13) → Four-way switching valve (3) → First accumulator (
5) → The first compressor (1) is circulated in this order. At this time, an external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C
) in the second compression II (12>) and the refrigerant heater (10) that heats the refrigerant using an external heat source are out of operation.

Air heat source P1-pump During heating operation, each refrigerant on-off valve (13), (14), (15),
(16), the first and second refrigerant on-off valves (13), (
14) is opened, and the third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves (15),
(16) is closed. However, the refrigerant is circulated in the opposite direction to that during the cooling operation. This is because the switching operation of the four-way switching valve (3) creates a reverse connection state during cooling and heating. Even in this operating state, the second compressor (12) in the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) and the refrigerant heater (10) that heats the refrigerant using the external heat source stop operating. are doing.

During the external heat pump heating operation, the refrigerant on-off valves (13) and (14) are closed, contrary to the above-mentioned operations.

Among (15) and (16), the first and second refrigerant on-off valves (
13) and (14) are closed, and the third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves (15) and (16) are opened.

And air source heat pump air conditioning outdoor unit 1
The first compressor (1) in ~(A>) is stopped, the second compressor (12) in the external heat source P1-pump heating outdoor unit (C) is operated, and the second 7 cumulators (11
) is used.

The refrigerant is transferred from the second compressor (12) to the fourth refrigerant on-off valve (1
6) → Indoor heat exchanger (8) → Third refrigerant on-off valve (15)
→ Refrigerant heater (10) → Second accumulator (11)
→The second compressor (12) is circulated in this order.

Here, the electrical configuration of the heat pump air conditioning system shown in FIG. 4 will be explained.

In the figure, (17) is a control I! installed in the indoor unit (B). (1B) is an air source heat pump air-conditioning/heating outdoor unit (A>), and (1B)
9) External heat source P1 ~ Pump heating outdoor unit L ~
(C) There is an illumination device provided in each. (20)
Air heat source same pump air conditioning unit (A)
(21) is the power line to the indoor unit (B), (22) is the air source heat pump air conditioning/heating T outdoor unit 1 (A> to the external heat pump heating/cooling outdoor unit (C) ).It is also a power line that supplies power to (23
) is the signal line that transmits the operating signal from the Nae indoor unit I-(B) to the external heat source P1 to the pump heating outdoor unit (C), and (24) is the signal line that simultaneously connects the air source heat pump air conditioning/heating outdoor unit. 1 to (A>).

The advantages of employing this type of heat pump air conditioning system with a three-piece structure will be explained below.

Normally, the heating capacity is required to be 1 to 1.5 times the cooling capacity, but in the above-mentioned heating system using an external heat pump heating operation, there is no pressure reducing device (4) and the second compressor (12) is The pressure difference between suction and discharge is only piping resistance,
Since the condensation temperature of the refrigerant is about 50 to 60 [℃],
The working pressure of the refrigerant is also about 20 [Ng/cffl] lower, and the refrigerant conveyance capacity of the second compressor (12) for heating is several minutes lower than that of the first compressor (1) for cooling. It becomes -.

Therefore, the second compressor for heating (12) may be a smaller compressor than the first compressor for cooling (1).

Furthermore, even if the compressor (12) is small and has a low output, the heating capacity is not affected by the outside air temperature because the heating is performed using kerosene or the like as a heat source, so the heating capacity can be fully demonstrated.

Further, it is also possible to appropriately select between the air source heat pump heating operation and the external heat source heat pump heating operation depending on the outdoor temperature, etc., so that efficient and appropriate heating can be performed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional heat pump air conditioning system as described above, the refrigerant circuit for cooling operation, air heat source heat pump heating operation, and external heat source heat pump heating operation is connected to a refrigerant on/off valve (1
3), (14), (15>.

(16) was constructed by appropriately switching opening and closing. and,
One indoor heat exchanger (8) in all operating modes
was commonly used.

Therefore, when switching the operation mode and continuing to operate in another operation mode, the refrigerant required by the cycle
In some cases, there was a shortage of refrigerant, making it impossible to operate with the appropriate amount of refrigerant. As a means to correct this, it was necessary to perform switching control using a special operation mode.

For example, the first and second refrigerant on-off valves (13).

(14) is opened, the air source heat pump heating operation using the first compression a(1) is performed immediately after the external heat source P1 to pump heating operation using the combustor (9) is performed as described above. This applies to the example.

That is, since most of the refrigerant is present in the refrigerant heater (10> and second accumulator (11), etc. in the external heat source P1 to the pump heating external unit 1 to (C'), the air source heat pump There is a shortage of refrigerant in the outdoor unit (A) for heating and cooling, and proper heating operation cannot be performed.For this reason,
Close the third refrigerant on-off valve (15), and close the fourth refrigerant on-off valve (
16) is kept open, a short-term refrigerant heating operation is temporarily performed to heat the refrigerant heater (10) and evaporate the ζ liquid refrigerant. It was necessary to push the refrigerant out.

In addition, as a method to avoid the refrigerant shortage as mentioned above,
One possible solution was to pre-fill a large amount of refrigerant. However, with this method, it was not possible to avoid refrigerant starvation operation over time.

That is, the third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves (15).

A small amount of refrigerant leaks from (16) and the refrigerant heater (
10) and the second accumulator (11). This means that when performing air heat source same pump heating operation, the refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve (3) and the first refrigerant on/off valve (13) to the high pressure side circuit (20 [phantom/
7]), and the refrigerant temperature during heating is at least 10
[℃] or less, the saturation pressure of the outdoor temperature in the refrigerant circuit in the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) installed outdoors (around 5 [Kg/Cl71])
The third and fourth refrigerant on/off valves (15)
, (16) will leak, causing stagnation in the refrigerant heater (10) and second accumulator (11).

In addition, during cooling operation, the first and second refrigerant on-off valves (13)
, (14) is low-pressure refrigerant after passing through the pressure reducing device (4), so no refrigerant stagnation phenomenon occurs, and the refrigerant passes through the third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves (15).

By only temporarily opening (16), the refrigerant can be released to the outside of the refrigerant piping of the external heat pump heating unit (C).

In addition, in the method described above in which the refrigerant is released from the refrigerant circuit in the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) using combustion heat, it is necessary to vaporize the kerosene before turning on the burner of the combustor (9). However, because it took time (5 to 10 minutes) for the burner vaporization section to preheat, it took a long time for the external heat source heat pump heating operation to start up. In addition, operation control has become complicated. Therefore, it was necessary to improve these.

Therefore, the present invention eliminates the need for special operation mode switching control when switching between the cooling operation, the air source heat pump heating operation, and the external heat source heat pump heating operation, and allows the switching to be performed easily in a short time. The objective is to provide a heat pump air conditioning system.

[Means for Solving the Problems] A heat pump air conditioning system according to the present invention includes an indoor unit 1-1 having an indoor heat exchanger (8) and a blower (7).
(B), the first compressor (1), the four-way switching valve (3), the air heat source outdoor heat exchanger (2), and the first accumulator (5).
), and the refrigerant passage connecting the air source heat pump air conditioner/heater outdoor unit (Δ) with the air source heat pump air conditioner/heater constricted outer unit 1-(A>) and the indoor unit (B). A refrigerant heater (10) that heats refrigerant using a heat source, a second accumulator (11), a second compressor (12), and a refrigerant on-off valve (15).

(16) connected in series to an external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C), and the external heat source heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) and air source heat pump air conditioning outdoor unit (A) connected in parallel. and a first refrigerant opening/closing valve (1
3) and the second refrigerant on-off valve (14) and the connection point between the second refrigerant on-off valve (14) and the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C). and a second accumulator (11) of the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) between the pressure reducing device (25) and the second refrigerant on-off valve (14).
A refrigerant recovery pipe (2) installed through a check valve (27)
6).

[Function] In the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention, the pressure reducing device (25) is disposed within the external heat source heat pump heating outdoor unit (C), and the low pressure side (
During heating operation), a refrigerant recovery pipe (26) is installed from the second accumulator (11) of the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) via a check valve (27). External heat source P1 - At the same time as switching from pump heating operation to air heat pump heating operation, the refrigerant heater (10) and second accumulator (11) of the external heat pump heating outdoor unit unit (C) The refrigerant moves smoothly during the air source heat pump heating operation cycle, and air source heat pump heating operation with sufficient cold Wffl is started.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing refrigerant piping and a device of a heat pump air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Note that in the drawings, the same reference numerals and symbols as in the conventional example indicate the same or corresponding components as those in the conventional example, so the explanation thereof will be omitted here.

In the figure, (25) is a pressure reducing device, which was relocated from the conventional air source heat pump air conditioning outdoor unit (A) to the external heat source heat pump heating outdoor unit (C). (26) is an external heat pump heating outdoor unit installed between the pressure reducing device (25) and the second refrigerant on/off valve (14) (low pressure side of the pressure reducing device (25) (during heating operation)). (C) is a refrigerant recovery pipe disposed from the second accumulator (11), and (27) is a check valve disposed in the middle of the recovery pipe (26) to restrict the flow direction of the refrigerant to one direction.

The flow paths of each refrigerant circuit during cooling operation, air source heat pump heating operation, and external heat source heat pump heating operation of the heat pump air-conditioning system configured as described above are the same as in the conventional example described above, so a description thereof will be omitted here. .

Here, the operation mode switching operation from the air source heat pump heating operation to the external heat source heat pump heating operation will be explained.

When performing external heat source heat pump heating operation in the heat pump air conditioning system having the above configuration, the second compression 1 (12
) is condensed and liquefied in the indoor heat exchanger (8), so the path after the indoor heat exchanger (8) is filled with liquid cooling rR''C. The refrigerant is heated in the refrigerant heater (10), evaporated, and then vaporized again.However, since it is a heat exchange with high-temperature combustion gas, if the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant heater (10) is insufficient, the refrigerant heater (10) 1
Since the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of 0) rises rapidly, it is necessary to operate the refrigerant in a slightly damp state. Therefore, there is a large amount of liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant heater (10), and the second accumulator (11) is operated with liquid refrigerant always being held in the lower part thereof.

Here, if the external heat source heat pump heating operation is stopped,
Immediately after stopping, the combustor (9) and the second compression IjN (12)
Although the refrigerant pressure in the external heat source P1 to the pump heating operation circuit system is high due to the residual heat of

Next, a case will be described in which the air source heat pump heating operation is performed in the above state.

In this case, the upstream side of the pressure reducing device (25) is at high pressure, but the downstream side is at low pressure, so this pressure causes the air heat source outdoor heat exchanger (2) to evaporate the refrigerant using the outside air as a heat source. The pressure at this time is lower than the saturation pressure that is in tune with the ambient temperature. Therefore, the refrigerant in the second accumulator (11) flows from the recovery pipe (26) to the check valve (
27) and is recovered to the air heat source beat pump heating operation circuit. Note that at this time, the first and second refrigerant on-off valves (
13) and (14) are open, and the third and fourth refrigerant on-off valves (15>, (16) are closed.

As described above, in the P1-pump air conditioning system of this embodiment, each operation mode can be smoothly switched between the air heat source B1-pump heating operation and the external heat source heat pump heating operation. In particular, when switching from external heat pump heating operation to air source heat pump heating operation, at the same time as the switching, the refrigerant heater (10) of the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) and the second 7
The refrigerant in the storage unit (11) is transferred to the recovery pipe (26) →
It passes through the check valve (27) and smoothly moves into the air source heat pump heating operation cycle, and the air source heat pump heating operation is started with a sufficient amount of refrigerant. Therefore, when switching between the conventional J: sea urchin cooling operation, air heat source heat pump heating operation, and external heat source heat pump heating operation, there is no need to perform switching control using a special operation mode, and it can be done in a short time. Switching can be done easily and efficient II F5 can be performed.

Next, other embodiments of the invention will be described. Second
The figure is a configuration diagram showing refrigerant piping and equipment of a heat pump air conditioning system according to another embodiment of the present invention. Note that in the drawings, the same reference numerals and symbols as in the first embodiment indicate constituent parts that are the same as or correspond to the constituent parts in the first embodiment, and therefore their explanations will be omitted here.

In the figure, (28) is a pressure reducing device for heat pump heating installed in the unit (C) for external heat source heat pump heating, and (29) is a pressure reducing device for heat pump heating (28).
) is a check valve that restricts the flow direction of refrigerant to one direction. This check valve (29) is arranged in a forward direction during cooling operation. (30) is a cooling pressure reducing device installed inside the air source heat pump air conditioning/heating outdoor unit (A>), (31) is a cooling pressure reducing device (3
This is a check valve arranged in parallel with the refrigerant 0) that restricts the flow direction of the refrigerant to one direction. This check valve (31) is arranged in a forward direction during air source heat pump heating operation.

In the heat pump air conditioning system with this configuration, during cooling operation, the air heat source and the cooling pressure reducing device (30) in the -1 to pump air conditioning outdoor unit (A) are used, and the refrigerant depressurized here is transferred to the outside. The flow passes through the reverse valve (29> in the heat source heat pump heating outdoor unit (C)) and flows toward the indoor heat exchanger (8) in the indoor unit (B).

On the other hand, during the air heat source same pump heating operation, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger (8) of the indoor unit (B) is transferred to the heat pump heating decompression device in the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C). The pressure is reduced at step (28), and in the air source heat pump air conditioning/heating outdoor unit (A), the flow passes through the check valve (31) and reaches the air source outdoor heat exchanger (2).

In this way, dedicated pressure reducing devices for heating and cooling are separately provided in the air source heat pump air conditioning/heating outdoor unit units 1 to (A) and the external heat source heat pump heating/airing outdoor unit unit (C). also has the same effect as the above example.
I can do it. That is, the second accumulator (11) of the external heat pump heating outdoor unit (C) is connected to the check valve (27) on the low pressure side downstream of the heat pump heating pressure reducing device (28) (during air heat pump heating operation). ) A refrigerant recovery pipe (26) is installed through the heat pump heating pressure reducing device (28).
This is because it acts effectively only during such heating operation.

In the case of this embodiment, since the downstream side of the cooling pressure reducing device (30) in the air-source heat pump air-conditioning outdoor unit (A) is at low pressure, the air-conditioning operation port 4 has a low pressure. Refrigerant circuit (refrigerant heater (10) and second accumulator (
11) The refrigerant in ) is recovered to this cooling circuit system.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged configuration diagram of essential parts showing the vicinity of the accumulator section in the external heat pump heating outdoor unit of the heat pump air conditioning system according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure (
11), (13), (25) to (27) are the same or equivalent components of the conventional example and embodiment.

In the figure, (32) is the second accumulator (11)
This is the connection part between the recovery pipe (26) and the recovery pipe (26), and is connected at a predetermined height level. In this way, by setting the connection part (32) between the second accumulator (11) and the recovery pipe (26) at a predetermined height level from the bottom surface of the second accumulator (11), air heat sources P1 to When the pump heating operation is started, all of the liquid refrigerant in the second accumulator (11) is not recovered to the heating system. In other words, normally, during the external heat pump heating operation, the second accumulator This is because it is necessary for the refrigerant circuit to operate properly that the liquid refrigerant is held in the lower part of (11).

Therefore, even when the external heat source B1~pump heating operation is performed again after the air source heat pump heating operation is stopped, a certain amount of refrigerant is always held in the second accumulator (11), so that the second The compressor (12) starts operating smoothly. Then, the second compressor immediately after startup (
Abnormal heating of the refrigerant at the outlet of the refrigerant heater (10) due to a shortage of refrigerant to 12) can be prevented.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention includes a pressure reducing device disposed in the external heat source P1 to the pump heating outdoor unit, and the low pressure side of the pressure reducing device (during heating operation). By installing a refrigerant recovery pipe through a check valve from the second accumulator of the external heat pump outdoor unit for heating, it is possible to simultaneously switch from external heat pump heating operation to air heat source heat pump heating operation. , the refrigerant in the refrigerant heater and the second accumulator of the external heat source P1~pump heating outdoor unit moves smoothly into the air source heat pump heating operation cycle, and the air source heat pump heating operation starts with a sufficient amount of refrigerant. Therefore, when switching between the cooling operation, air heat source heat pump heating operation, and external heat source heat pump heating operation, there is no need to perform switching control using a special operation mode, making it quick and easy. This allows for efficient heating.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing the refrigerant piping and equipment of a heat pump air conditioning system that is an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is an overall diagram showing the refrigerant piping and equipment of a heat pump air conditioning system that is another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is an enlarged block diagram of main parts showing the vicinity of the accumulator in the outdoor unit for external heat source heat pump heating of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention, and Fig. 4 shows the refrigerant piping and equipment of the conventional heat pump air conditioning system. FIG. In the figure, 10: refrigerant heater, 12: second compressor, 11:
Second 7 storage unit, 13: first refrigerant on-off valve, 14: second refrigerant on-off valve, 15: third refrigerant on-off valve, 16: fourth refrigerant on-off valve, 25: pressure reducing device, 26: recovery tube, 27.29
, 31: Check valve, 28: Pressure reducing device for dead pump heating, 30: Pressure reducing device for cooling, A: Air source heat pump cooling/heating outdoor unit, B: Indoor unit, C: External heat source heat pump outdoor unit for heating. Units 1~. In addition, in the drawings, the same reference numerals and the same amounts indicate the same or corresponding parts. Agent: Patent attorney Masuo Omiya and 2 others

Claims (1)

[Claims] Refrigerant heating for heating the refrigerant with an external heat source in an indoor unit, an air-source heat pump outdoor unit for air-conditioning and heating, and a refrigerant passage connecting the air-source heat pump outdoor unit for air-conditioning and heating and the indoor unit. an external heat pump heating outdoor unit unit in which a second accumulator, a second accumulator, a second compressor, and a refrigerant on/off valve are connected in series; the external heat pump heating outdoor unit unit; and the air source heat pump air conditioning outdoor unit unit. a first refrigerant on-off valve and a second refrigerant on-off valve connected in parallel and arranged on the side of the air-source heat pump air-conditioning outdoor unit unit at the connection point with the refrigerant passage of the external heat-source heat pump heating outdoor unit unit. and a pressure reducing device disposed in the refrigerant passage between the second refrigerant on-off valve and the connection point of the external heat pump heating outdoor unit, and between the pressure reducing device and the second refrigerant on-off valve. and a refrigerant recovery pipe disposed via a check valve from a second accumulator of an outdoor unit for heating with an external heat pump heat pump.