JPH02504303A - solid fuel reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] solid fuel reactor The present invention relates to solid fuel reactors.

The present invention relates to a furnace that burns solid fuel supplied in the form of crushed pieces. supports the fuel-burning grate inside one enclosure and disposes of ash from the fuel receiving end. In order to advance the above-mentioned grate to the edge, it is equipped with a nearly horizontal mechanical grate. a fuel delivery hole for delivering fuel to the fuel receiving end of the grate; substantially airtight fuel for dispensing toward the fuel delivery hole at a regulated controlled speed; A fuel metering and feeding device is provided in the grate adjacent to the downstream side of the fuel receiving end of the grate. a set of first air introduction passages extending upwardly through the child; a set of second air introduction passages extending upwardly through the downstream grate of the introduction passage; an upper part of the upper enclosure in the upper region of the first air introduction passage; Means are provided for generating additional air flow. As a standard configuration, the above package An induction type ventilation fan is installed inside the blast tube outlet from which the enclosure is guided. in addition The first and second air streams are thus drawn into respective inlet passages within the grate. Like Alternatively, an additional air stream is blown under pressure into the enclosure to The vapor generated from the fuel when the fuel is ignited and the upper part of the first air introduction passage starts to burn. The purpose is to ensure the stirring and mixing effect of gas substances and gas components. An effective The upstream end of the first air introduction passage is defined by a wall surface of the grate bar. and then upwardly in the downstream direction over most of the height of said grate bar. on the other hand, the uppermost parts of these walls are cut vertically, for example. Ru. With this arrangement, the high-velocity first air flow flowing through the first air introduction passage This prevents the air flow from emerging from the grate as a vortex. This vortex is Because it comes into contact with the fuel directly above the wall, it would otherwise occur at these locations. The high temperatures involved cause the grate bar material to rapidly corrode. Similarly, the secondary air introduction passage The upstream end extends from the first air introduction passage through the dividing part between the first and second air introduction passages. By branching out and flowing out toward the second air introduction passage through the branch passage extending through the protected. Preferably, these diverter passages slope upwardly towards the downstream direction. . As a result, air flows to the upstream and downstream surfaces of the division between the first and second air introduction passages. Flowing upwards at similar speeds in close proximity reduces the tendency for eddy currents to occur. .

Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of a coal combustion device installed in a boiler. Figure 2 is an enlarged plan view of the grate of the coal combustion equipment shown in Figure 1. be.

FIG. 1 shows a part of a boiler 1 having a can body 2 having a cylindrical outer circumference. Furthermore, the above voice The tube 1 penetrates through the front can wall 3 and the front opening 5 in the front can wall 3 into the water area inside the boiler. Extending towards additional piping forming two or more passageways (not shown) extending into the section The passageway includes an induction type ventilation fan (not shown). It is led to the inside of the blast tube exit.

A coal combustion device 6 is installed in the opening 5 in the front can wall of the can body, and this combustion device is similar to the one described above. A mechanical grate 7 is provided at the upstream end of the blast tube 4 and is arranged substantially horizontally. the above The grate 7 consists of a set of grate bars 8 (Figs. 1 and 2), which The lattice rod 8 is slidably supported on the framework 9 of the coal combustion device 6 and is supported inside the blast tube 4. It is supported on partition walls 10 and 11.

As is clear from Fig. 2, each grate bar 8 is integrated with each other by a rivet) 8c. It consists of two grate bar elements 8a and 8b. Thus each grate bar 8 is In the example, a 16th air introduction passage with a width of 4 mm and a second air introduction passage with a width of 3 mm are used. each of these introduction passages 11a and 12a has two grate bar elements 8a and 8b. Each has a slot-shaped outer shape defined between the two. Furthermore, the fourth and second The air introduction passages 11b and 12b have the same width as the aforementioned introduction passages 11a and 12a. The grate bars 8 are formed between adjacent grate bars 8 in accordance with the method.

As seen in FIG. 1, the first air introduction passage 11 is formed by the upper surface of the partition wall 10 The atmosphere is communicated with the limited lower grate space 13 and through the front opening 5 of the blast tube 4. It will be communicated to. The second air introduction passage 12 is located between the lower side of the partition wall 10 and the front side of the partition wall 11. communicates with an additional space 14 below the grate defined between the surfaces and one diffusion space. formed between. The second airflow restricted toward this diffusion space is caused by the partition wall 10. A slot 15 with an adjustable width is formed between the front lower edge and the baffle plate 16. introduced through. The vertical position of the baffle plate 16 is adjustable, and then It can be fixed by a manual wheel or manual wheel 17.

The grate bars 8 can be replaced by replacing one set of grate bars with the other set of grate bars. divided into groups. These two sets of grate bars are reciprocated by the grate frame drive mechanism 18. can do. This drive mechanism 18 includes an electric motor 19, a gear box 20, and the gear box 20. A set of surface cams 21 formed on the output shaft of the cam follower that cooperates with the surface cams 21. 22, a short connecting rod 23 is connected to the cam follower 22, and a long connecting rod 23 is connected to the cam follower 22. A connecting rod 24 connects each set of said grate bars. Operation of this grate movement mechanism The cycle begins with a set of grate rods positioned at the front of the combustion apparatus toward the position shown in Figure 2. then another set of grate bars are pulled out towards the front of the combustion device. be done. After that, both pairs move forward together in the downstream direction. this movement both advance the burning grate fuel onto the top of the grate and also direct the first and second air an inclined surface 25 formed by the upper surface of the grate bar in the region of the introduction passages 11 and 12; As a result, some internal movement is induced within the grate individually.

The upstream portion of the grate bar forms a coal-receiving surface 26 on which surface coal is deposited in the form of fragments. Solid fuel such as is fed from a substantially gas-tight coal metering device 27. Up The metering and feeding device 27 is electrically connected to a hopper 28 containing supplied coal 29 and a gear box 32. A metering rotary drum 30 driven by a machine 31 and a shaft 3 as seen in FIG. Coal is transferred directly from the metering rotary drum 3o to the coal receiver of the grate without accumulation in the Descent forming an enclosed steeply sloped chute surface for feeding onto the taking surface 26 A vertical hole 33 is provided.

The metering rotary drum 30 is formed with a pocket for grasping a certain amount of coal. When the rotary drum 30 is in the position shown in FIG. 1, it is filled with 3 kg of coal; This amount of coal is fed down onto the grate bars when 0 rotates 1800 revolutions. all corners In this position, the rotating drum 30 is effectively positioned at the upper end of the fuel inlet portion of the well 33. will be closed.

The lower part of the chute surface of the entrance shaft 33 is a fireproof lower part fixed to the framework 9. It is constructed of refractory material in the form of a block 34. It also has a fire-resistant top block. An inspection window 36 is provided in the tank 35, and although this window is normally closed, It is rotatably movable around the hinge 37 to allow easy access to the interior of the housing. under The section block 34 forms a reaction surface, which the grate bar is located at the front of the furnace. Effectively pushes the fuel that is on the upstream part of the grate along the grate as it is withdrawn .

The injection nozzle 38 is attached to the upper part of the explosion tube 4 so as to be oriented downstream. , and air with sufficient pressure (from a centrifugal fan, not shown) moves the vibrator 39. is supplied through the blast tube 4 to ensure a turbulent mixing effect of the air in the upper space within the blast tube 4. I'm doing it. During operation, when starting the coal combustion equipment from a cold state, it is necessary to A rotary drum 30 is first started by an electric motor and is deposited onto the coal receiving surface 26. The metering rotary drum is rotated for a sufficient time to deposit a pile of coal. Next The above-mentioned coal is placed in one or more pieces arranged between the hopper 29 and the front wall 3 of the boiler. It is ignited by an electric igniter 40. This igniter 40 is located at the bottom end of the entrance shaft 33. and directed downwards towards the coal.

At the same time, the induced ventilation fan is started and the combustion products are distributed along the inside of the blast tube 4. drawn out. When ignition is detected, grate drive mechanism 18 is activated.

Fuel is then pumped in by the fuel supply device 27. Air from the injection nozzle 38 Due to the air supply action of the supply piping system 39, a burning fuel grate is formed. and the fuel transferred from the coal receiving surface 26 towards the first air introduction passage 11 is combined with the intense first air flow flowing through these first air introduction passages, resulting in rapid combustion. be affected.

At the beginning of this combustion process, the evaporated substances and gaseous components generated from the coal are injected. It mixes intermittently with the air from the nozzle 38 and burns under the influence of the first air stream. It burns rapidly due to the high temperature generated by the fuel. Fuel is in the first and second empty The fuel flows along the grate surface 25 until it passes the division 41 between the air introduction passages. Continues the combustion action while moving. In that case, the combustion action of the fuel passes through the diffusion space 14. Air is supplied through the second inlet passage 12 from the inlet slot 15, - This is done to a lesser extent by a constrained low velocity air stream.

Finally, the burnt and hazy fuel becomes ash and falls from the downstream end of the grate rod 8, and then the ash becomes ash. It is stored in the ash processing space 42 formed in the coal shell sump of the coal husk removal device or a part thereof. Ru.

The heat output rate of this coal combustion device is determined by the rate at which the fuel supply device 27 inputs fuel into the combustion furnace. ie, the operating speed of the electric motor 31. Also, the operating speed of the electric motor 19 is Determine the operating speed of the grating.

The above speed therefore determines the residence time of the fuel on the grate, thus e.g. 4a It takes about 30 minutes to completely burn and burn n lumps of coal. Therefore fire level The operating speed of the child is set to ensure sufficient time for the fuel to be completely burned and written. selected.

The electric motors 19 and 31 (the igniter 40, the blower fan that blows air to the injection air system 39, and (including induction type ventilation fans) can all meet the requirements of this equipment. be under the control of a control device.

Most of the air for burning the fuel is introduced through the first air introduction passage 11. Therefore, in order to generate vortices at the upstream and downstream ends of the first air introduction passage, They tend to generate relatively high airflow velocities. Upstream side as shown in Figure 1 The end wall 43 is curved so that this air has a substantial velocity component in the downstream direction. Ru. Additionally, the uppermost portions of these end walls are effectively cut away at 44, generally at this point. The portions are formed so as to have a substantially vertical shape. This is a space in which vortices occur is formed, which prevents the adjacent fuel from causing a rapid combustion effect due to overcharge. and this prevents any subsequent damage that may occur at that point on the grate surface. Do it like this.

Similarly, on the top surface of the first and second air introduction passages or on the dividing part 31 and on the second air introduction passage. A diverter passage 45 is provided at the upstream end of the passage 12 to avoid vortices that can cause high temperatures. The air flow formed in the dividing part 41 and flowing out from the first air introduction passage 11 is directed upward. component and also flows upwardly through the upstream end of the second air introduction passage. Let it come out. This suppresses the tendency to create vortices that enhance the combustion action. .

For example, two small air inlets 50 are connected to the fuel lowering vertical hole 33 using a metering rotary screwdriver. It can be formed below the shaft 30 to cool the inside of the shaft.

De/, p Submission of translation of written amendment (Article 184-8 of the Patent Act) September 29, 1999 Yoshi, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1) Takeshi Moon 1 Display of patent application PCT/CB 8 B100252 2 Name of the invention solid fuel reactor 3 Patent applicant Address: Sweden, Nis-18264 Jursho J Rem Agnebergen 19 Name: Ellerman. Karl male power! Alexander 4 agent 5 Date of submission of written amendment June 19, 1989 6 List of attached documents Translation of the amendment 1 day-long fuel reactor The present invention relates to solid fuel reactors.

The present invention relates to a furnace that burns solid fuel supplied in pieces, and this furnace The fuel-burning grate is supported inside one enclosure, and the ash is disposed of from the fuel receiving end. Includes a generally horizontally driven mechanical grate for advancing said grate to the end. and a fuel delivery shaft for delivering the raw fuel to the fuel receiving end of the grate. and for delivering the fuel toward the fuel delivery shaft at a controlled controlled speed. A substantially gas-tight fuel metering and delivery device is provided below the fuel receiving end of said grate. A first set of air introduction passages is provided extending upwardly through the grate adjacent the flow side. and extending upwardly through the downstream grate of the first air introduction passage. In a solid fuel combustion furnace provided with a set of second air introduction passages, the first air Blowing an additional pressurized air flow into the upper part of said enclosure in the upper region of the introduction passage means are provided for supplying the fuel, and said fuel supply well is connected to a combustion chamber formed above the grate. It is unrestricted and open toward the combustion space, and the fuel from the fuel metering and delivery device is released during use. The fuel is delivered directly onto the grate without being accumulated inside the fuel supply shaft. It is characterized by Effectively, the grate can be slid longitudinally. It consists of a flexible grate bar, and the upstream end of the first air introduction passage is connected to the wall of the grate bar. and slope upwardly in the downstream direction over most of the height of said grate bar. And the uppermost parts of these walls are more steeply sloped, for example, vertically. ing. In that case, those airflows will emerge from the grate as a vortex. The first air flow flowing through the first air introduction passage tends to flow as a high-speed fluid. . Such an arrangement also prevents the vortex from coming into contact with the fuel directly above the wall surface. If you do not do so, each of these locations will be exposed to high temperatures and the top surface of the grate will The top will be rapidly eroded.

2. Amendments to P3 and 4 of the English Civilization Specification Further, the first and second air introduction passages 11b and 12b are connected to the respective introduction passages 11a and 1 described above. It is formed between adjacent grate bars 8 with the same width dimension as 2a.

As seen in FIG. 1, the first air introduction passage 11 is formed by the upper surface of the partition wall 10 The atmosphere is communicated with the limited lower grate space 13 through the front opening 5 of the blast tube 4. It will be communicated to. The second air introduction passage 12 is located between the lower side of the partition wall 10 and the front side of the partition wall 11. communicates with an additional space 14 below the grate defined between the surfaces and one diffusion space. form a gap. The second airflow restricted toward this diffusion space is directed toward the front of the partition wall 10. through a slot 15 with an adjustable width formed between the lower edge and the baffle plate 16. will be introduced. The vertical position of the baffle plate 16 is adjustable and can then be tightened with a nut or can be fixed by a manual wheel 17.

The grate bars 8 are arranged such that one set of grate bars and the other set of grate bars are alternately arranged. Therefore, it is divided into two groups. These two sets of grate bars are driven by the grate frame drive mechanism 18. can perform reciprocating motion. This drive mechanism 18 includes an electric motor 19, a gear box 20, A pair of surface cams 21 formed on the output shaft of the gear box 20 and a surface cam 21 cooperate with each other. It has a cam follower 22, and a short connecting rod 23 is connected to the cam follower 22. and is connected to each set of grate bars by a long connecting rod 24. This grate frame drive machine The operating cycle of the system begins with a set of grate rods moving toward the position shown in Figure 2. then another set of grate bars are pulled out towards the front of the combustion equipment. is pulled out. Thereafter, both sets are advanced together in the downstream direction. this Both movements advance the burning grate fuel onto the top of the grate and also move the first and second Particularly for the sloped surface 25 of the upper surface of the grate bar in the area of the air introduction passages 11 and 12 Some inward movement is promoted within the grate.

The upstream portion of the grate bar forms a coal-receiving surface 26 on which surface coal is deposited in the form of fragments. A solid fuel such as is fed from a substantially gas-tight coal metering device 27. Up The metering and sending device 27 is electrically connected to a hopper 28 containing supplied coal 29 and a gear box 32. A metering rotary drum 30 driven by a machine 31 and a shaft 3 as seen in FIG. Coal is transferred directly from the metering rotary drum 30 to the coal receptacle of the grate without accumulation in the grate. forming an enclosed steep chute surface for feeding onto the taking surface 26; It is equipped with a vertical hole 33 for descent.

The metering rotary drum 30 is formed with a pocket for grasping a certain amount of coal. When the rotary drum 30 is in the position shown in FIG. 1, it is filled with 3 kg of coal; When 0 is rotated by 180°, this amount of coal is fed down onto the grate rod. all corners In this position, the rotating drum 30 is effectively positioned at the upper end of the fuel inlet portion of the well 33. will be closed.

The lower part of the chute surface of the entrance shaft 33 is a fireproof lower part fixed to the framework 9. It is constructed of refractory material in the form of blocks 34. In addition, fireproof upper block 3 5 is provided with an inspection window 36, which is normally closed, but It is rotatably movable around a hinge 37 to allow easy access to the interior of the housing. under The section block 34 forms a reaction surface where the grate bar is placed in front of the furnace. This effectively pushes the fuel that is on the upstream part of the grate along the grate as it is pulled toward the grate. put out.

The injection nozzle 38 is attached to the upper part of the explosion tube 4 so as to be oriented downstream. , sufficiently pressurized air is supplied through the pipe 39 from a centrifugal fan (not shown). By doing so, the disturbance and mixing effect of the air in the upper space within the blast tube 4 is ensured. That's what I do. During operation, when starting a coal combustion device from a cold state, A rotating drum 30 is first started by an electric motor and deposits a pile of coal on the receiving surface 26. The rotating drum is rotated for a sufficient period of time to deposit 100% of coal. Then the above coal one or more electrical ignitions arranged between the hopper 29 and the front wall 3 of the boiler It is ignited by the container 40. This igniter 40 is located at the bottom end of the inlet shaft 33, It is directed downwards toward . At the same time, the induced ventilation fan is started and the explosion Combustion products are drawn along the interior of the tube 4. When ignition is detected, the fire The grid drive mechanism 18 is started and fuel is then supplied by the fuel supply device 27 . Air in piping system 39 where the burning grate supplies pressurized air via injection nozzles 38 As formed by the feed, the first air introduction passage 1 from the coal receiving surface 26 1, the fuel transferred towards the It joins the airflow and undergoes rapid combustion.

1-Jm Intimidation 4 ← Benken brown 41 The scope of the claims 1. Supporting the combustion fuel grate inside one enclosure and disposing of ash from the fuel receiving end a substantially horizontally driven mechanical grate for advancing said grate to the end; for supplying raw fuel to the fuel receiving end of the grate; A well is provided, and an apparatus is provided for supplying fuel to the fuel supply well at a constant controlled rate. a qualitatively gas-tight fuel metering device, and a first set of air inlet passages connected to the fire. extending upwardly through the grate adjacent to the downstream side of the fuel receiving end of the grate; A set of second air introduction passages are arranged upwardly through the grate on the downstream side of the first air introduction passage. Combustion furnace for solid fuel fed as fragments, extending in the direction of , additional pressurized air is provided in the upper part of the enclosure corresponding to the upper region of the first air introduction passage. Air blowing means are provided for blowing air into the fuel supply shaft, and the fuel supply shaft is connected to the fire. It is formed by opening into the combustion space above the grid without any restraint, and is not used. When in use, the fuel metering and feeding device is directly connected to the fuel feeding well without being integrated into the fuel feeding well. A solid fuel furnace characterized in that it is delivered toward a grate.

2. The grate consists of a slidable grate bar extending in the longitudinal direction, and the grate The upstream end of the introduction passage is delimited by the wall surface of said grate bar, in which case said grate It is formed with an upward slope in the downstream direction over most of the height of the rod. On the other hand, the uppermost parts of these walls slope more steeply, e.g. vertically. The solid fuel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that:

3. The upstream end of the second air introduction passage is a branch flow flowing from the first air introduction passage. Air passes through a branch passageway extending through the division between the first and second air introduction passageways. 2. Protected by flowing out toward the upstream part of the air introduction passage. A solid fuel reactor according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The air distribution passage is formed to face downstream and slope upward. The solid fuel reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that:

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Supporting the combustion fuel grate inside one enclosure and disposing of ash from the fuel receiving end a substantially horizontal mechanical grate for advancing the grate to an end; A fuel delivery shaft is provided at the fuel receiving end of the grate to directly deliver the raw fuel. substantially ventilated for supplying fuel at a controlled rate to the fuel delivery well. A closed fuel metering device is provided, and a first set of air introduction passages is provided in the grate. extending upwardly through the grate adjacent to the downstream side of the fuel receiving end of the A set of second air introduction passages are arranged in an upward direction through the grate on the downstream side of the first air introduction passage. A combustion furnace for solid fuel fed as fragments, which is an additional pressurized air flow in the upper part of the enclosure, which corresponds to the upper region of the first air introduction passage; air blowing means for blowing in the fuel, and the fuel supply shaft is connected to the grate. It is formed by opening toward the combustion space above the combustion chamber without any restraint. A solid fuel reactor characterized by: 2. The upstream end of the first air introduction passage is defined by the wall surface of the grate bar; , the grate bar slopes upwardly in the downstream direction over most of its height. on the other hand, the uppermost parts of these walls are more steeply angled. For example, the fastener according to claim 1 is inclined vertically. Body fuel furnace. 3. The upstream end of the second air introduction passage is such that the air flow is from the first air introduction passage to the first air introduction passage. A second air introduction through a divider passage extending through the division between the second air introduction passages. Claims protected by diverting the flow towards the upstream part of the passage Solid fuel reactor according to box 1 or 2. 4. The air distribution passage may be formed to be inclined upward toward the downstream direction. The solid fuel reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: