JPH02503645A - Equipment and methods for separating liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Equipment and methods for separating liquids The present invention relates to a method for separating liquid substances from each other by means of mechanical collection devices, and in particular to It concerns a method for collecting a relatively light liquid from the surface of a relatively heavy base liquid. Ru. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Separating liquids that have been mixed with each other presents a constant problem. industrial regulations Conventional separation methods carried out in the Relatively ineffective and situations where liquids are mixed leading to e.g. huge damage. These methods cannot be used properly. This damage often occurs when equipment is transported to the scene of an accident. Occurs under circumstances where it is inconvenient to In particular, people who have been ejected into the sea due to ship accidents If a substance is released, the liquid leaked from the vessel can be made into water even under sea conditions. This is always a problem as there is no sufficiently effective equipment available to separate them. that In addition, when the quantities in question become very large, it is difficult to The methods that can be used to prevent damage are generally quite inefficient compared to the extent of the damage.

It has been found that with prior art methods, oil collection is generally slow and expensive. . Collecting heavy oil is particularly inefficient, and the oil that ends up in the water is most commonly It is a heavy oil, and the lighter components can evaporate in water. This is a great disadvantage since the oil becomes even heavier. Also, oil commonly forms in the ocean. Collecting the oil emulsion was also particularly problematic.

Until now, we have used equipment that is submerged in water, and we have applied oil to this equipment, Attempts were made to remove this oil from equipment on the decks of oil protection vessels, but It had little success. Depending on the known equipment, the amount of oil that adheres to the equipment may be It was a particular disadvantage that it remained relatively small. by brush-like or similar protrusions. Attempts have been made to increase the effective turning area of collection devices, but these devices Removing collected oil from is very cumbersome.

Similarly, these oils that go into water are lighter than water and are completely insoluble in water. It has been known. Therefore, when oil enters water, does it form a film on the surface of the water? , or emulsion expansion within the surface layer of water. One particular object of the invention is to to remove oil that floats on the surface of the water or emulsifies into the surface layer of the water. In particular, the characteristic behavior of oil and water is exploited for this purpose.

The invention resides in what is disclosed in the characterizing parts of the appended claims! l*m can be attached. In the method according to the invention, the collection unit is placed in a liquid mixture. The surface of this collection unit is kept partially submerged in the layer of material to be collected. Move deeper into the base liquid relative to the surface of the base liquid, preferably rotating Contact with the film or emulsion of the liquid to be collected in a rolling motion. to the collection unit This material layer thus remains essentially intact in this case. Collection unit surface The material to be collected is compressed down into the base liquid where it is suspended in the base liquid. force, or this buoyant force and suitably centrifugal effects caused by the movement of the collection unit. The percussive and/or percussive action brings the material to be collected into contact with the surface of the collection unit. this The material adhering to the surface of the unit is then removed onto the surface of the base liquid. child Thus, especially during the separation and collection of the present invention, buoyancy forces acting within the base liquid and preferably utilizes the compacting effect produced by centrifugal force.

In the method according to the invention, the lighter material layer is an essentially non-destructive material pine layer. The liquid is compressed into the cohesive surface of the collection unit as a Move by suitable continuous motion. In this way, the adhesion can be increased under the appropriate environment. Apply liquid pine tress under perfect conditions to the tight surfaces of the collection unit for the purpose of Continuously adhere and then scrape using a scraper or e.g. conveyor screw. Can be easily removed to a collection tank.

The equipment for carrying out the method of the invention must be partially submerged into the liquid mixture. a collecting unit, preferably retaining the entire liquid layer and transferring this liquid layer into the base liquid. The unit is most preferably continuously injected into the liquid mixture. It is characterized by an essentially smooth surface that presses into place.

Furthermore, the device preferably includes means for increasing the adhesion and adhesion of this layer of material. preferably continuous on the surface of the base liquid, with the substance in close contact with the surface; have means for physically removing the material.

For example, by using a rotating unit the surface layer can be moved deeper into the base liquid. When transported, the buoyant force due to the specific gravity of the liquid causes the membrane or air formed by the lighter liquid to Always works on Marchon.

Depending on the motion path and velocity of the displaced surface layer, this centrifugal force often Place a lighter liquid, such as an emulsion, against a heavier liquid, such as water. In addition, the collision caused by the movement of the collection unit The blow compacts the material to be collected, compressing the pine tress and depositing it on the surface. Make it adhere to the surface. The buoyant force itself or the buoyant force combined with centrifugal force and/or impact The film or oil emulsion is forced onto the surface of the collection unit and the oil or thickened Allow the emulsion to adhere to this unit.

Known separation methods using submerged collection units maintain the integrity of the material layer to be collected. On the contrary, the material to be collected is deposited in a completely random manner and cannot be collected. It was "destroyed" on the surface of the collection unit. The method of the invention differs from the prior art in this respect. qualitatively different. Due to the movement and direction of the collecting unit, the material to be collected Squeeze inwards and upwards to keep this film of material as intact as possible. This collection The substance to be treated is then brought into direct contact with the adhering surface without any intervening base liquid. let

The surface tension and especially the viscosity of most liquids, especially oils, change as their temperature decreases. will rise significantly. For this reason, oils, especially light oils and a wide range of distillate oils, are warmer than the surface. It adheres strongly to cold surfaces in 11 thick layers. Thus Fl patent application No. 86 The cooling method disclosed in No. 1719 artificially lowers the temperature of the contact surface and collects the material. According to the present invention, by varying the viscosity and surface tension of the target material pine tress, Further improve the operating efficiency of the equipment. However, the present invention provides a method for cooling many liquids. Works very efficiently without it. In particular, oil adheres well from cold water without cooling. .

While the change in water viscosity as a function of temperature is small, the change in oil viscosity is strongly temperature dependent. This is because it exists.

The present invention addresses differences in the physical properties of mixed liquids to be separated, particularly their density differences. Use it by artificially strengthening it.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a collection unit according to an example of the invention, and FIG. 2 shows a collection unit according to an example of the invention, and FIG. Fig. 3 shows another fixed arrangement, FIG. 4 shows another example of the example shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 shows a system according to an example of the present invention. Showing the adhesion surface of the Linder structure, Figure 6 shows the results of test I as a function of the rotational speed of the cylinder used as collection unit. Figure 7 shows the results of test I as a function of the rotational speed. Figure 8 shows the results of test ■ in the same manner as Figure 6, and Figure 9 shows the results of test ■. The results of (2) are shown in the same manner as in FIG.

In the example according to FIG. 1, the collection unit 1 has an essentially smooth contact surface 3. A cylinder or roller 2. Roller 2 carries base liquid 4 and liquid to be collected 5 and partially submerged below the interface 6 between the base liquid and bent while remaining submerged in the base liquid. in the direction indicated by the arrow, in which case the direction of forward movement of the device is thick As the roller 2 rotates, the layer 5 of the liquid to be collected, as indicated by the arrow, passes through the layer 7. It clings to the clinging surface 3 which pulls the liquid downwards in shape. Now in base liquid 4 , the buoyant force due to the difference in specific gravity between the liquids 4 and 5 sinks the layer 7 and at the same time causes the roller 2 to become tight. The roller 2 is further rotated to firmly adhere to the adhesion surface 3, and then As surface 3 rises above liquids 4 and 5, layer 7 still remains in close contact.

In the described embodiment, a layer of liquid that is in close contact with surface 3 is transferred from surface 3 to liquids 4 and 5. By means of a fixed blade unit 8 which separates at the point seen through from the point of view of collection above. , scrape off the contact surface of roller 2. One other preferred example is a screw conveyor. 9 in connection with the blade 8 to transport the separated material, in other examples a screw condenser. The conveyor 9 itself functions as a scraper.

In FIG. 2, a device according to the invention is shown between a collection vessel 10 and a separate bearing ark 11. Place it in The direction of movement of the entire device and the direction of collection are indicated by thick arrows. In the drawing, Collection unit 1, the speed of movement of surface 3 of roller 2 in the direction indicated by the curved arrow A basically horizontal roller 2 is used as the adjustable rotating surface of the roller. by arranging a large number of collecting units 1 in series or by arranging a large number of collecting units 1 The first collection unit 1 can be It can be ensured that any liquid that may be lost can also be collected. Furthermore, two consecutive Using rollers reduces the possibility of expansion between the rollers and makes the equipment easier to use. You can get the benefit of being commercialized. By using two consecutive rollers This has the advantage of being able to adapt the equipment to the height through which it is collected.

In the device according to the invention, one essential factor related to operating efficiency is the collection unit. position of the pine tree, especially against the pine tress formed by the material to be collected 5 This is the position of the contact surface 3. Therefore, this device is especially suitable for changing the height of the device during collection. It should preferably have the ability to be adjusted.

The angle of incidence α between the contact surface 3 and the surface 6 of the base material 4 depends on the characteristics of the material 5 to be collected. It is determined on the basis of the properties and, in part, also on the properties of the adhesion surface. each side and each Depending on the prevailing operating parameters, the advantageous angle of incidence varies significantly. Fourth The most advantageous angle of incidence α for the equipment shown in the figure is, however, smaller than 90°. subordinate Therefore, the equipment is vertically oriented to achieve a suitable operating depth h and/or angle of incidence α. The collection unit preferably has a lifting device that allows the collection unit to be moved.

In one example of the invention, instead of a strictly manipulative retention and control mechanism, the ark can be Used to adjust the height of knitting. Preferably, the collection unit 1 itself is here Floating as such, the equipment even has an independent container with its own power supply. or have a pull/button unit, this movement can e.g. or even utilize the pulling motion directly through a vane transmission. This can be achieved by transmitting motion from the container 10 following said unit by Wear. In this example, the collection device can be loose throughout, or joint 1 in Figure 3. 2, for example, can be rotatably and flexibly coupled to the collection device 10, where the Complex control mechanisms and the somewhat robust fixing structures required are obviated. This float By properly arranging the replacement of play equipment, it can actually be completely automatically located in the correct position. In this way, it is possible to provide a device that operates in the same way. In other examples, a collection device according to the invention comprises: For example, it is arranged as a fixed part of the side and/or front elements of the collection barge.

In a preferred embodiment, the roller or cylinder 2 is arranged such that the temperature of the contact surface 3 of the roller 2 is varied. It is connected to the equipment via a tubing system so that it can be changed. - In the example, the equipment in question is A pump pumping relatively cold water from the lower water layer into the internal space 13 of the roller 2 Consisting of

In other examples, the equipment additionally includes a cooling tower or cooling machine.

Oil is collected from the surface of the water and as the roller 2 rotates, the surface layer of the water becomes silicate. move under the hood. When this happens, the oil film 5 is pushed into the cylinder by buoyancy and centrifugal force. -2 and the oil adheres to the surface as a layer 7. similar Then, the possible oil emulsion is compressed onto the lower surface of roller 1, which is in close contact with this. , and then it is enriched. If the cooling is coupled to the roller, the surface of roller 2 The oil layer 7 adhering to the surface 3 becomes even thicker and more viscous.

As a result of the rotation of the roller 2, the oil 7 adhering to it is carried to the blade 8. This strips the oil 7 from the surface 3 of the cylinder 2, where it passes through the collector 14. and directed to the collection tank. Blade 8 preferably increases ejection efficiency Heat for. Similarly, the bottom of the collector 14 preferably has a heated gutter 14. A heating tube is provided to increase the flow of material to be collected.

In one embodiment of the invention, preferably a rotating body is used as the collection unit 1, a mantle of such a body The units move into the liquids 4 and 5 using the torque or part of the mantle. essentially a sliding surface moving at least partially in the direction of the layer 5 of liquid to be collected. It has a kana surface. This collection unit can be a cylinder or a roller according to figure 1. 2, in which case the cohesive surface 3 is preferably cylindrical or conical. be. In another example, as shown in FIG. 4, the contact surface 3 consists of a band-like surface, Here, the collection unit 1 itself includes rotation and control equipment 16, as shown in FIG. It consists of an endless belt or band 15.

FIG. 4 further shows an example of a cooling system related to the present invention, in which heat is transferred to the cooling system. (d) 17 to a heating unit 18 that heats the contact surface 3 at the collection point of the contact surface 3. and a heat pump for transferring heat, after which a layer 7 of the liquid to be collected acts as a scraper. The screw device 9 is reached.

An example of the invention is a surface 3 consisting of a contact surface 3 with some height and depression according to FIG. The top is preferably provided with grooves, depressions or similar formations 19 to improve adhesion. There is. These grooves extend in the direction of movement of the cohesive surface at an angle to this direction of movement. In one embodiment, this contact surface 3 preferably extends in the transverse direction. has a number of backward teeth 19 rounded at the point where they connect to the bottom and/or the contact surface 3. Ru. The effect of this formation is partly based on the larger adhesion surface area. On the other hand, Despite the scraper 8, a small amount of the material to be collected remains in the formation and Then the moving surface 3 returns to the material 5 to be collected. Due to the surface tension of the substance 5 to be collected This is because the material layer 7 is particularly driven to adhere closely to the material remaining in each spot. These small amounts of material remaining within these formations then act to increase adhesion. Ku.

The operation of the method according to the invention is described below in the form of an example, but this purpose However, it is not intended to limit the invention, but merely to illustrate the invention.

As an example, the experiment was carried out in a test pool with a depth of approximately 0.8 m and a length of approximately 1.8 m. Describe the two tests conducted. At the beginning of these tests, a predetermined amount of oil 5 is placed in the pool. Then, it poured onto the water layer 4. Collection cylinder with smooth surface according to the invention According to the operating principle shown in FIG. This oil was collected until efficiency decreased. The depth of this collecting uni-nod is 0.7 m, and the diameter was 0.2 m. This collected oil is transferred to a roller using knife 8. from which the oil is passed by gravity to a collection tank and into a heated trough 14. So I turned. This test is repeated with different types of oil and different rotational speeds. (In the drawings, the rotational speed is expressed as rpm).

The oil collected in Test I consisted of heavy oil. During the measurements, the air temperature was 16°C and the The temperature inside the chamber was 15°C. This test was carried out using unheated cylinder 2. did. The results of this test are shown in Figures 6 and 7, collecting capacity (V) of roller 2. is on average 470 d+a3/h per square meter of the roller in question. Ta.

In the second test ■, roller 2 was cooled with a cold solution of water and glycol and the roller The surface temperature of the sample was approximately 10-11°C. In this way, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, On average, the collecting capacity is 1100 d per square meter of the roller in question. It was oj/h. With cooled rollers, very thin oil films can also be collected. Ta.

In addition to the above tests I and H, we conducted tests on heavy fuel oil and found that the collection efficiency was As it has grown so large, the factor limiting this collection efficiency is primarily the scraping ability. Met. The test was repeated under further cooled conditions, and the water temperature under these cooling conditions was increased to 8. °C, and the surface temperature of the roller was 4 °C. Here, this test result side, test I The results were consistent with those from the previous study, but the efficiency was somewhat greater. child During these tests, in particular, the oil pine tresses 7 in the equipment according to the present invention 4 remained non-destructive. It should be noted that the roller 2 essentially rides completely onto the roller 2.

The above-described invention is primarily intended to prevent the liquid force to be collected from spreading onto the surface of water by accident. G) It was related to a situation consisting of a dispersed oil layer. To this end, the present invention The method according to the following is particularly suitable.

The heavier the oil to be collected, the more efficiently and economically the method will function. on the other hand , this method works equally well in collecting oil emulsions as well as oil slicks. . A particularly important benefit is the ability of the present invention to thicken miscellaneous oil emulsions. It must be kept in mind that For example, if the test equipment described above is When used to collect heavy oil emulsions with a high water content, the water content of this test result The amount was less than 50%. This is due to the centrifugal force and impulse on the temple from the other side. It is thought that this can be caused by However, this method cannot be applied to light oil or a wide range of oil distillates. Excellent results are also obtained when used to collect these emulsions.

Based on the principles of the invention, this method, in addition to collecting oil from water, It is suitable for separating a type of liquid and a liquid material into mutually uN. This separation method is of course It can be used for commercial purposes. This method is efficient, economical and has different yields. It can be applied to a wide range of conditions, and on the other hand, it is very simple and ensures reliable operation of the equipment used. It has the special benefit of being of marked sex.

The main purpose is to cleanse the water area from oil that has fallen into the water due to an accident. The purpose of collection is described. Therefore, also to recover and utilize the oil. It is clear that the invention can also be used when the purpose is to collect oil Ru. The method according to the invention is such that when liquids are mixed by accident or for some purpose, to collect oils and other idiopathic substances that have physical properties that can be utilized in the present invention. If the water is in an open system, but also in industrial or community engineering It can also be used for nearing purposes.

The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and will be apparent to those skilled in the art. However, based on the above description, it is within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. Many variations and changes can be made.

FIG　I FIG 5 FIG 3 (Correction) Copy and translation of written amendment) Submission (Article 184-8 of the Patent Law) Heisei 1st year 1 October 20th Director General of the Japan Patent Office Yoshi 1) Takeshi Moon 1, Indication of patent application PCT/F18B100059 2. Name of the invention Equipment and methods for separating liquids 3. Patent applicant Mr. Koskinen Kinmo Vueino Clervuo First name Bachman Oluvuo Olavui 4, representative manager July 14, 1989 6. List of attached documents (1) Copy and translation of written amendment) 1 copy 1, (after amendment ) The surface of the base liquid (4), especially the heavier one, is liquid substance to collect a relatively lighter liquid (5) or an emulsion thereof. upon separation, pressing the substance (5) deeper into the base liquid; said collecting unit (1) to collect said substance (5) at a substance mixture (4, 5) in a partially submerged state, after which the surface of said collection unit (3) ) on the surface (6) of said base liquid (4), removing the substance (7) that has adhered to the top In the method of collecting the essentially smooth surface (3) of said flat collecting unit. A rotating motion that continuously moves forward with the film or emulsion formed from the object to be collected f(5) , thus bringing said substance (5) into contact with said collection unit. as an essentially complete layer (5,7) and within said base liquid (4). The acting buoyant force or this buoyant force and the centrifugal force caused by the movement of said collection unit and/or is the impact and the deposition of the material to be collected (5, 7) on said collection unit surface (3). The base liquid ( 4) A method of separating liquid substances, characterized by inward compression.

2. (Delete) 3. (After correction) In order to improve the adhesion and adhesion of the substance to be collected (5), the above The temperature of the surface (3) of the collection unit (2, 15) is collected from the material (5) and /or by lowering the temperature of said base liquid (4) to a value below. The liquid substance according to claim 1, characterized in that the viscosity and/or surface tension of the liquid substance is changed. How to separate.

4. (after correction), especially the relatively lighter liquid (5) or its emulsion The heavier base liquid (4) is collected from the surface (6) by a mechanical collection unit. A device for separating liquid substances from each other, the surface of said base liquid (4) (6) with a collection unit partially submerged below the surface of said base liquid (4) ( means (6) for removing in a continuous action the substance (7) adhering to the cohesive surface (3); 8, 9), in which the contact surface (3) is the base of the collection unit. This layer (7) is essentially a smooth flat surface and retains a complete material layer (7). into said liquid (5) and into said base liquid (4). The said compact is continuously advanced into the mixture (4, 5) in a rotary motion-like motion. Device for separating liquid substances from each other, characterized in that the deposition surface (3) is compatible .

5. (After correction) A cooling system is connected to said collection unit, and a smooth surface (3) In order to increase the adhesion and adhesion of the material layer (7) to the A cooling system collects the liquid mixture (4, 5) of the surface (3) of the collection unit during cooling. ) The liquid according to claim 4, characterized in that the portion protruding into the liquid is cooled. A device that separates body substances from each other.

6. (after correction) said surface (3) of said collecting unit is cylindrical, conical or 6. The liquid substance according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the liquid substance has a band-like surface shape. Equipment that separates from each other.

7. Grooves, depressions or similar formations (19) on the cohesive surface of the collection unit; A claim characterized in that the adhesion of the substance (5, 7) to be collected is increased by providing a A device for separating the liquid substances described in any one of Items 4 to 6 from each other.

8. At the intersection of the contact surface (3) of said collection unit and the layer of material to be collected (5) the angle of incidence (α) between the adhesion surface (3) and the material layer (5) is less than 90°; Place the collection unit (15) into the liquid mixture (4, 5) in such a position that As claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it has means for holding it in place. A device that separates liquid substances from each other.

9. The collection device itself floats on the surface (6) of the base liquid (4). The liquid substances according to any one of claims 4 to 8 are separated from each other. equipment to release.

10.Specifically, a plurality of collection units are arranged in series and/or side by side. A device for separating liquid substances from each other according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that vessel.

international search report +1116 Sueshin MIA Marshal 1ma1ml1m, Pcy,’F18610005 9

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. The surface of the base liquid (4), especially the heavier one, is collected by a mechanical collection unit. separating the liquid substance to collect a relatively lighter liquid 5 or an emulsion thereof from In the separating method, the collection unit (1) is partially immersed in the substance mixture (4, 5). Surface (3) of said collection unit with a layer of material to be kept and collected in a submerged state ▽ deeper (h) with respect to the surface (6) of said base liquid (4). Preferably a film or emulsion formed from the material (5) to be ejected and collected. or based on a material layer (5, 7) in contact with said collection unit in a rotational manner. The material to be collected (5, 7) downwardly into the base liquid (4), where it works within the base liquid (4). Buoyant force or said buoyant force and preferably centrifugal force and centrifugal force caused by the movement of said collection unit. and/or impact on the surface (3) of the collection unit of the material (5, 7) to be collected. the material to be collected ( 7) is removed on the surface (6) of said base liquid (4). How to separate body substances. 2. The collection unit is connected to a rotating body (2), a mantle of such a body or a said mantle. or an endless belt or band (15), said collecting unit The knit has an essentially smooth surface and does not move into the substance mixture (4,5). at least partially within the material mixture in the direction of the material layer (5) to be collected. A method for separating liquid substances according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. In order to increase the adhesion and adhesion of the material to be collected (5), the collection unit The temperature of the surface (3) of the base (2, 15) is determined by the substance (5) to be collected and/or the base The viscosity and/or or separating the liquid substance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface tension is changed. how to. 4. In particular, the lighter liquid (5) or its emulsion is mixed into the heavier base. The liquid is collected by a mechanical collection unit from the surface (6) of the liquid (4). In a device for separating substances from each other, this device is provided on the surface of said base liquid (4) ( 6) with a collection unit partially submerged beneath said liquid mixture ( 4, 5), preferably retaining the intact material layer (7) and an essentially smooth cohesive surface (3) for compressing the liquid into said base liquid (4); The collection unit preferably has the adhesion and adhesion of the material layer (7). and having a device for increasing said base liquid (4) in a tight manner on the surface (6) of said base liquid (4). Means (8, 9) for removing in continuous action the substance (7) adhering to the deposition surface (3); ) A device for separating liquid substances from each other. 5. The surface (3) of the collection unit is cylindrical, conical or band-shaped. 5. The device for separating liquid substances from each other according to claim 4, characterized in that it is in the form of a surface. vessel. 6. A cooling system is coupled to the collection unit, the cooling system being connected to the collection unit. The portion of the surface (3) that protrudes into the liquid mixture (4, 5) during cooling is reduced. The liquid substances according to claim 4 or 5 are separated from each other, characterized in that they are at least cooled. equipment to release. 7. grooves, depressions or similar formations (19) on the cohesive surface of the collection unit; A claim that specifies that the adhesiveness of the substances (5, 7) to be collected is increased by providing a An apparatus for separating the liquid substances according to any one of items 4 to 6 from each other. 8. At the intersection of the cohesive surface (3) of said collection unit and the layer of material to be collected (5) the angle of incidence (α) between the adhesion surface (3) and the material layer (5) is less than 90°; Place the collection unit (15) into the liquid mixture (4, 5) in a position such that According to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it has means for retaining. A device that separates liquid substances from each other. 9. The collection device itself is suspended above the surface (6) of the base liquid (4). separating the liquid substances according to any one of claims 4 to 8 from each other, characterized in that equipment to release. 10. In particular, a large number of collection units are arranged in series and/or side by side. separating the liquid substances according to any one of claims 4 to 9 from each other, device.