JPH02500605A - hybrid yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] hybrid yarn Technical field The present invention comprises two or more different fibers, at least one of which is a reinforcing fiber. A hybrid yarn comprising a blend of

Combining a reinforcing material, e.g. carbon a-fiber, and a matrix material, e.g. resin. It is well known to combine them to form composite products. These complexes are usually , manufactured by compounding resin with stable carbon fiber using extrusion compounding equipment .

Description of prior art Alternatively, seven apps have been manufactured. Usually carbon fiber and resin are Mixed in as a separate ingredient. For example, carbon fiber is fabric I: woven The fabric is then impregnated with resin to form a prepreg. (p r e p r e g) is formed. In other examples, carbon fiber and Both thermoplastic fibers are woven together into 77 bricks, and the carbon fibers are The thermoplastic fibers are warp yarns. These constructs of both are two When the ingredients are not in an intimate mixture and unite them into 7 appliqués, charcoal has the disadvantage of the presence of distinct regions of elementary fibers and thermoplastic matrix .

Hybrid yarns have been suggested; for example, UK Patent No. 2105 24 No. 7B describes a yarn consisting of a carbon fiber core wrapped in thermoplastic fibers. , and NASA@N.A. by M.E.Ketterer. SA-CR-3849NASAI 26:3849 is 31 series carbon filament manufactured by intimately mixing tow of continuous thermoplastic filament It describes hybrid yarns that have been manufactured using These hybrid yarns are unsuitable Overcoming the problem of severe mixing, when they are a combination of two tows, the bulk It has the additional disadvantage of being high.

λ Alliance Ω look The present invention provides two or more different ties, at least one of which is made of reinforcing fibers. A hybrid yarn that encompasses the process of blending fibers of fibers by stretching and cutting. Provided is a method for manufacturing a ton.

Preferably, the method according to the invention comprises two types of fibers, in particular reinforcing fibers, e.g. For example, for blending carbon fibers and matrix fibers, e.g. thermoplastic fibers. used for However, this method also requires the tying of two different reinforcing fibers. For example, it can be used to blend carbon fibers and glass fibers.

Stretching-cutting is a common method for processing synthetic spun ffl fibers, e.g. acrylic fibers. This is a known technique. This method is applicable to tows of reinforced filaments, e.g. carbon. In conjunction with other fiber types, e.g. matrix 7.1 lament tow A good blend of the two fiber types can be used when drawing and cutting. We have discovered that it is possible to produce mixtures of Stretching - after cutting , the fibers can be trafted to the desired yarn denier. thus , this method also applies to hybrids of low denier, e.g., 500 denier or less. It has the advantage of being able to produce yarn.

Preferably, the stretch-cutting method is carried out by the following method.

(a) of continuous filaments, at least one tow of which consists of a reinforced filament; feeding at least two tows through first and second pairs of nip rollers; , one tow overlaps the other, and (b) the filament is in the nip row. the 18th and set the ratio of the second pair of surface velocities, and (C) Drawing - Draft the cut filament and and processing them into yarn.

In commercially available stretch-cut equipment, the tow is stretched almost to the cutting point. , then pass the tow through a series of nip rollers or through a heated zone. The drawing-cutting zone is fed by 2 and 1, which are passed through the tube. Stretching carbon fiber It is not preferred to use these methods when cutting. Because carbon fiber fibers are susceptible to damage in the transverse direction, and this prior stretching results in damaged and poor performance. may produce yarns of Instead, carbon tow and thermoplastic tow , preferably with nip rollers directly from their packages to the stretch-cut zone. The preliminary tension, which is supplied via the first pair of One of the tows or t: can be included by passing both. I can do it.

The guides are used to promote spreading of one or both toes and to control lateral movement. The id can be positioned in front of the first pair of nip rollers. The guide is general has a slit or recess through which the toe passes, and the slit or recess The tip is flattened and slightly wider than the width of the spread toe. wide and t; toe is uneven Filament during drawing-cutting leading to uniform trafting and inconsistent processing This is preferable to avoid punching. If you use a pre-tension bar, this They facilitate tow spreading and can omit additional guides. Like Alternatively, the carbon tow is fed with one series of pre-tensioned rods J:P, and the thermoplastic tow is Let the id pass.

The two tows are preferably fed to a first pair of nip rollers after being stacked on top of each other. , thus when two fibers are cut and trafted, their superiority ensure that proper mixing is achieved.

The ratio of the surface speeds of the first and second pair of nip rollers is such that the filament is drawn - Must be configured to cut in the cutting zone. Saraj2, this The ratio is preferably such that the fibers are trafted to the desired yarn denier. Set it as follows. Generally, the second pair of nip rollers is 6 to 35 times more effective than the first pair. Preferably, the surface velocity is set to be 8 to 25 times faster.

When using thermoplastic filament tows, the restraining means are advantageously drawn-cut. Place them in the cutting zone to make the more elastic thermoplastic filaments cut. Prevent glue coils. Conveniently the restraining means is in the form of a plate, e.g. a metal plate. By placing thermoplastic filament tows between carbon fibers, It is possible to prevent This method is educational. Because carbon fiber Otherwise m! Is there a need for contact with restraints that could damage the l? It is et al. Preferably, the restraint means is located below the thermoplastic tow, thus so that it exerts a slight upward supporting pressure on the thermoplastic filament: and The tensioned carbon tow is placed above the thermoplastic tow so that it is simultaneously Thermoplastic filament I: exert a slight downward pressure on the thermoplastic filament I.

The distance between the first and second pair of nip rollers, the latch is preferably , set to the maximum distance mechanically possible. According to the prefectural police, this is 150mm~2 Although it is 50mm, this distance depends on the machine used! ;It may change depending on the condition.

Longer latches are more stable, giving higher reinforcing forces in the resulting composite length is possible.

After stretching and cutting, the fibers are trafted and condensed. nsing)L and then through a second pair of nip rollers.

Fundraising is preferably facilitated by a funding guide. quotient Unlike commercial draw-cutting methods, the method of the present invention advantageously uses a direct yarn-to-yarn method. , where the filament is drawn into a yarn with the desired denier in the J stage. A method in which the sliver is cut and trafted, i.e. the intermediate collection of the sliver is It is a continuous method that does not require collection. In a commercial method, the tow is doped into a sliver. footing and then troughting this sliver into yarn in a further stage. Google. The latter technique can be used in the present invention, but since the number of processing steps is large, , carbon fiber has the disadvantage of being more susceptible to damage. Thus, stretching-cutting Afterwards, the fibers are preferably given a desired denier, usually between 100 and 1400 denier, often The resulting hybrid yarn is trafted from 100 to 800 denier. .

After passing through the second pair of nip rollers, as a continuous method, e.g. by inserting twist into the fibers using a feeding system and winding them into packages. Thus, the fibers can be formed directly into yarn.

Alternatively, for example, instead of using a ring and transfer system, stretch-cut The fibers are then passed through a hollow spindle and coated with other yarns, e.g. Fibers, such as polyetherketones, such as polyetheretherketone (P It can be packaged with E E K). This alternative method is based on carbon tame content I: Twisted This is advantageous when trying to produce hybrid yarns without imparting stress. it is , also allows a greater proportion of thermoplastic tow to be incorporated into the yarn. .

The present invention also comprises a blend of drawn-cut fibers of different types, At least one type of fibers comprises reinforcing fibers, and the fibers include reinforcing fibers. Contains. Preferably, the hybrid yarn comprises drawn-cut reinforcing fibers and Consists of drawn-cut matrix fibers, the latter preferably thermoplastic fibers. It will be.

The ratio of reinforcing fibers to matrix fibers in the hybrid yarn is determined by the fiber requirements. Depending on the end use, generally 55-99%, based on the total weight of the yarn. Preferably 60-80% reinforcing fibers and 45-1%, preferably 40-20% is the matrix fiber.

The present invention mainly focuses on carbon fibers as reinforcing fibers and thermal fibers as matrix fibers. Described with reference to plastic tow, but with other reinforcing and matrix fibers can do. For example, other reinforcing fibers include Niglass fibers, Aramid fibers, oxidized polyacrylonitrile fibers, multifilament Ramic fibers, e.g. silicon carbide and graphite coatings, plastic coatings is metal-coated carbon fiber. Examples of thermoplastic materials for matrix fibers include The following are: polyketones, such as polyetherketones and polyethers. Etherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, etc. such as nylon, polyester, e.g. poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(butylene terephthalate), polyimide, e.g. polyether yside, Polypropylene and copolymers of ethylene and propylene and polysulfonate For example, polyether sulfone.

assembling the hybrid yarns in various ways and then uniting them into a composite; Here, the matrix fiber component is fused to surround and embed the reinforcing fiber component. . For example, yarn is assembled into bundles, warps, rows or wraps. to do Can be done. However, the ease of handling and design flexibility of composite structures For purposes of assembly, the yarns are preferably assembled into a fibrous fabric. . The 7 fabrics of fibers include woven, knitted, braided, non-woven, and pile fabrics. It can be The ability to produce low denier yarns allows for shaping: Enables the formation of highly drapeable 7-abrics that facilitates the formation of composite products shall be.

The present invention encompasses fabrics and composite products formed from hybrid yarns. Contains.

Brief description of the drawing The invention will now be described - by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure W11 shows the line FIG. 1 schematically shows a method of producing a hybrid yarn using draw-cutting.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the guide used in the method shown in Figure 1 along line x-X. It is.

Description of preferred embodiments 12,000 filaments), 7320 denier carbon fiber tow 2 unwinding from page 4 and then through the guide rollers and through the cascade of rollers 8. supply 20 Cascade 8 adds pretension to the carbon fiber and then unrolls it. Create a substantially flat toe. More guide rollers 101: After passing, 2 is fed through a first pair of nip rollers 12a and 12b. Both Ro roller has a smooth surface, the upper roller 12a has a synthetic rubber surface, and The lower roller 12b has a steel surface.

900 filaments, 380 denier (7) P E E Kli fiber (7) '714 [PEEKm fiber is Celanese Corporation (Celanese Corporate 1on) in a package (not shown) Then, through the guide roller 16, the nip rollers 12a and 12b and feed the thermoplastic tow below the carbon tow 2. nip roller - 12a and 12b, the thermoplastic tow 14 is placed on the guide 18. move. Referring to FIG. 2, this guide 18 is connected to the aluminum block 10. 0, and a groove 102 with a radius of 9° and 5 mm is cut therein. Tow 14 Passing over the groove 102, this groove 102 does not create a void between the filaments. , just wide enough to allow tow 14 to spread out into a flat tow. have

After passing the first pair of nip rollers 12a and 12b, tows 2 and 14 enters the stretch-cut zone, which is the first of nip rollers 12a8 and 12b. 1 pair and the 20th roller of nip rollers 20a8 and 20b. Ru. The ratio of surface speeds between the first and second pair of nip rollers is set to 1:8. , and the latch distance is 200mm.

The tows 2 and 14 are connected to the first pair of nip rollers 12a to 12b and the nip roller. through the rollers 20a and 20b. Again, both rollers have smooth surfaces. The upper roller 20a has a surface of synthetic rubber, and the lower roller 20b has a surface of steel. Has a surface. The faster speed of the second pair of nip rollers causes the filler in both The material is stretched and cut in a stretch-cut zone.

Because of the elasticity of thermoplastic filaments, they are easy to refill when drawn and cut. There is a tendency to To prevent this, a restraint made of a rectangular aluminum plate 22 is used. The bundling means is located below the thermoplastic tow 14 in the center of the stretch-cutting zone and This causes the filament to break. The carbon tow 2 is weighted above the thermoplastic tow 14. The thermoplastic tow is sandwiched between the carbon tow 2 and the plate 22 and The combination of forces exerted on thermoplastic tow 14 by carbon tow 2 and plate 22 The strands prevent their glue coils when the thermoplastic filaments break.

After cutting, the filament was placed with the aid of a 3.2 mm wide condenser guide (not shown). The second pair of nip rollers 20a and 20b then trafted directly into the zone. Condenser guide in the stretch-cut zone The tow is pivotably fixed at the - Facilitating the passage of the tow through the cutting zone. Drawing-cutting and trafting combination Combining completely mixes the carbon fibers with the thermoplastic fibers. After trafting, inserting the twist into the yarn by a conventional ring and transfer system (not shown); The resulting multifilament hybrid yarn 26 is then placed on a bobbin 28. collect. The ratio of carbon fibers and PEEKIi fibers in the resulting yarn is 65% by weight carbon fiber and 35% by weight PEEK fiber based on total weight. Ru.

To facilitate the start of this method, the drawing-cutting of the carbon fiber tow 2 is started. ; Afterwards, the thermoplastic tow 14 is fed through the nip rollers 12& and 12b. be able to.

international search report international search report

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two or more different types of fibers, at least one of which is a reinforcing fiber A method for producing a hybrid yarn, which includes a blending process using a drawing-cutting method. . 2. Two tows are blended together by stretch-cutting method, one tow is reinforced with reinforced fibres. One tow consists of a matrix filament, and the other tow consists of a matrix filament. The method described in item 1. 3. Process: (a) a small number of continuous filaments, at least one tow of which is a reinforced filament; feeding at least two tows through first and second pairs of nip rollers; (b) one of the tows overlaps the other; (b) the filament is placed on the nip roller; of the nip rollers such that the first and second nip rollers are stretched and cut between a pair of Set the ratio of the pairwise surface velocities of 2, and (c) Drawing - Drab-dying the cut filaments and turning them into yarn processing, 3. A method according to claim 2, comprising: 4. Direct tow-to-yarn method, in which the desired yarn is created in one step The method according to claim 3, wherein the Method. 5. A restraint means is disposed between the first and second pair of nip rollers to When the matrix filament is drawn and cut, the matrix filament is 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method prevents the 6. The restraining means consists of a plate, and the tow of the matrix filament is a reinforcing filament. Position the board so that it is interposed between the tow of the Recoil of the filament is reinforced by the reinforced filament and plate. The method according to claim 5, which is prevented by the force exerted on the filament. Law. 7. Consists of a blend of different types of drawn-cut fibers, with a small number of said fibers. At least one type is a hybrid yarn made of reinforcing fibers. 8. Blend of stretched-cut reinforcing fibers and stretched-cut matrix fibers 8. The method according to claim 7, comprising: 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the reinforcing fibers are composed of carbon fibers. 10. Comprised of a matrix fiber thermoplastic material, preferably polyetherketone. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises: 11, having a denier of 100 to 1400, preferably 100 to 800 The method described in Scope Item 8. 12. Reinforcing fibers with a ratio of reinforcing fibers and matrix fibers of 55 to 99%, and 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the matrix fiber is 45-1%. 13. A fab formed at least in part from the yarn of claim 7. Rick. 14. From the yarn according to claim 7 or from the yarn according to claim 13 A composite product formed from fabric.