JPH0243769B2 - SENIKYOKAFUKUGOZAIRYONOTAMENOICHIJIKOSEIBUZAI - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a primary structural member in which a fiber material is modified to have desired properties to be added during the production of various fiber reinforced composite materials.

Fiber-reinforced composite materials, which are obtained by suitably mixing base materials such as metals and plastics with primary components made of various fiber materials, can provide special properties that cannot be obtained from the base materials alone. There is a wide range of demand. Fiber materials include inorganic materials such as carbon, silicon carbide, glass, alumina, and silica, as well as organic materials such as Kepler and heat-resistant nylon, and metal materials, and these materials are processed appropriately depending on the purpose. Ru. As the base material to contain these fiber materials, metal, plastic containing metal powder, plastic, etc. are used.

Regarding the properties of such a base material alone, for example,
It is possible to increase strength, reduce weight, improve fatigue resistance or heat resistance, and impart electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability. For this reason, research and development are being conducted on composite materials made of combinations of a wide variety of base materials and fiber materials.

Such composite materials are broadly classified into metal-based and plastic-based based on the type of base material.

There are an extremely wide variety of metal composite materials that use metal as a base material, and due to differences in properties such as workability, there are difficulties in composite processing except in very limited cases. For example, boron fibers are lined up between titanium foils, passed through a roll, and then diffusion bonded in a high-temperature furnace.
Other methods have been tried, such as a high-temperature diffusion bonding method in which the fibers are directly bonded using hot rolls, or a melt infiltration method in which aligned fibers are drawn through molten metal and simultaneously cooled and solidified rapidly, with considerable success. However, in terms of cost, workability, etc., it has been almost impossible to strengthen aluminum alloys, which are the most popular, with carbon fibers.

Although fiber-reinforced metal composite materials (FRM) are recognized for their excellent properties, they are not widely put into practical use mainly for the following reasons.

1 The temperature required to composite the fiber material is relatively high, but the melting point of the base metal is low, so carbides of the base metal are generated on the surface of the fiber material during the joining process, making it impossible to join the two. becomes.

2. Since the surface of the fiber material is easily oxidized and an oxide film is formed, peeling between the fiber material and the base material occurs.

On the other hand, research into fiber-reinforced plastic composites (FRP), which uses plastic as a base material, has been progressing from an early stage, and processing processes are being developed one after another. As a result, the essential weaknesses of plastics, such as low strength and non-rigidity, have been improved, and their uses are expanding.
In other words, fiber-reinforced plastic composite materials whose strength has been sufficiently improved are being considered for use as a substitute for metal materials. In this case, the electrical and magnetic properties of the material as a whole are required to be similar to those of metal, but in reality it depends on the properties of the plastic base material and exhibits insulating properties. For example, when FRP is used as an electromagnetic wave shielding material, it must be given high electrical conductivity and high magnetic permeability. Conventionally, attempts have been made to mix conductive particles such as carbon powder or fibers 1 such as conductive glass into the plastic base material 2 as shown in Figure 1a, but as shown in Figure 1b, the electrical A satisfactory resistivity was not obtained. In addition, in order to provide FRP with substitutability with metal materials,
It must be possible to process the surface by electrodeposition coating or the like.

It is an object of the invention to provide a primary component whose surface properties are adapted to constitute a fiber-reinforced composite material.

This object is achieved by a primary component made of a fibrous material on whose surface a metal amorphous film of the desired type is formed. In this case, in the primary constituent member for the fiber-reinforced composite material, the surface of the fiber material is modified so as to mainly have affinity bonding to the base metal, and in the primary constituent member for the fiber-reinforced plastic composite material, The fiber material itself is modified to exhibit electrical and magnetic properties primarily similar to metals. However, properties other than those described above can be imparted by selecting the thin film-forming metal.

In order to form such an amorphous metal thin film on the surface of a fiber material, patent application No. 172122, Showa 56-1972 (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 73765, Showa 58) filed by the same applicant is required.
In other words, the process chamber is depressurized to a vacuum state, the deposited material (desired metal) is evaporated in the process chamber, and a radio frequency electric field is applied to the substrate (textile material) and the evaporation source to evaporate it. At the same time, applying a DC negative bias to the substrate to attract the cationized adhesion material to the substrate surface, and applying a DC positive bias to the evaporation source to accelerate the collision of the cations with the substrate. , a technique consisting of a series of steps can be applied to form an amorphous thin film of a metal or metal compound as an adhesion material on the surface of the substrate.

By using the primary component of the present invention in which an amorphous thin film of various metals is formed on the surface of a fiber material, arbitrary properties can be obtained, and fiber-reinforced composite materials, which were considered difficult in the past, can be easily obtained, which is impossible in the past. This has the advantage that it can be applied to other applications.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 shows an amorphous thin film 12 of sapphire (Al ₂ O ₃ ) of about 300 Å on the surface of a carbon fiber 11, and an amorphous thin film 13 of aluminum of about 300 Å.
FIG. 2 is a model diagram of an example of a primary structural member for a fiber-reinforced metal composite material formed to have a film thickness of 500 Å. The primary structural member according to this embodiment is particularly suitable for use in composite materials using an aluminum base material, and has the following characteristics.

1. It has good affinity bonding properties, and it is easy to process composite materials in various shapes such as thin plate, spherical, and rod shapes.

2. The amorphous thin film made of metal oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and metal (Al) is glass-like, the surface is not easily oxidized, and peeling between the member and the base metal does not occur.

For the amorphous metal thin film of the example disclosed herein, sapphire (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and aluminum (Al) were used in consideration of the fact that the base metal is aluminum. If other base metals are used, ruby (Al ₂ O ₃ ),
Metal oxides such as SiO ₂ , metal compounds such as monel, garnet, tribaloy, or Al, Ti, Cr,
A single metal such as Ni or Cu may be appropriately used to form a single layer or a composite layer formed by appropriately combining these metals. For example, when the base metal is a Ti alloy, it is convenient to use a fiber material coated with a Ti thin film, or when a Cr alloy is used as the base metal, it is convenient to use a fiber material coated with a Cr thin film.

On the other hand, when the primary component is used for fiber-reinforced plastic composites (FRP), research and development has progressed relatively early, there are almost no problems with affinity bonding, and as mentioned above, the electrical Or the emphasis is on modifying magnetic properties. In this case, for example, in order to impart electrical conductivity, it is advantageous to use a primary component whose surface is coated with an amorphous aluminum film.
When a glassy amorphous thin film of saphire (Al ₂ O ₃ ), which is a metal oxide, is applied in addition to metallic aluminum, the surface becomes a member that does not easily oxidize. Therefore, peeling from the base plastic is prevented, and a decrease in strength of the finished material can be prevented.

FIG. 3a is an enlarged view of FRP according to the present invention, in which a primary structural member 31 imparted with conductivity is mixed into a base plastic 32 in a lattice shape, and as shown in FIG. An electrical resistivity comparable to that obtained can be obtained.

If magnetic properties or other properties other than conductivity are required, various metal oxides, metal compounds, or single metals may be used, as well as single-layer coatings or A multilayer coating is also optional.

It will be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1a and 1b are a model diagram and a chart showing electrical resistivity of a fiber-reinforced plastic composite material according to the prior art. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing an embodiment of the primary component according to the present invention. Figure 3a,
b is a model diagram and a chart showing electrical resistivity of the fiber-reinforced plastic composite material according to the present invention. 1, 31: Primary structural member, 2, 32: Plastic base material, 11: Fiber material, 12: a-Al ₂ O ₃ thin film, 13: a-Al thin film.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A primary component for fiber-reinforced composite materials, in which an amorphous thin film of metal, metal compound, metal oxide, etc. is deposited on the surface of the fiber material in order to modify the surface properties of the fiber material. A primary structural member characterized by: