JPH0243045B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates primarily to a clutch device that is installed in a power transmission section between an inboard engine and an outboard propulsion device and is used as a so-called work machine clutch.

Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventionally, this type of work machine clutch that has been commonly used is one that simply engages and disengages the clutch pawls by sliding the clutch dog, and has a so-called synchronous meshing mechanism. The mechanism is not installed and
The half-clutch was also unusable. Recently,
As such outboard propulsion machines are becoming larger, it has become necessary to provide a synchronized mesh mechanism to prevent damage to the clutch pawl. In addition, conventionally, there are devices with a half-clutch function that have a friction plate type clutch installed in the power transmission section, which enables half-clutching. Since it has a structure that also allows for insertion and removal, it requires a large-capacity device, which has the disadvantage of being large and expensive. The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a clutch device that is equipped with a synchronous meshing mechanism and can also be used as a half-clutch, and is optimal as a working machine clutch for an outboard propulsion engine. It was made for the purpose of

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a clutch dog is provided in a slidable manner on one of the transmission shafts on the drive side and the driven side, and a clutch pawl that engages with the clutch dog is provided on the other transmission shaft. In the clutch device, a conical friction surface is formed on the transmission shaft provided with the clutch pawl, and a friction cone that protrudes from the clutch dog and slides into sliding contact with the conical friction surface is attached to the clutch dog so as to be freely slidable in the axial direction. , an engaging groove having inclined surfaces on both sides in the axial direction is formed on one side of the sliding surface of the friction cone and the clutch dog, and the engaging groove is engaged with the engaging groove on the other side by the biasing force of a spring. An engaging member is provided on the shaft of a shift lever that slides the clutch dog, and when the shift lever is rotated in the opposite direction to the direction in which the clutch dog engages with the clutch pawl, the friction cone is moved against the other end. It is characterized by a shift arm equipped with a cam that pushes toward the conical friction surface.

In the above, as the engagement member that engages with the engagement groove, it is possible to use an engagement pin or other ball as shown in the following embodiments.

Embodiment Hereinafter, the structure of the present invention will be explained based on an illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 shows the entire outboard propulsion device. A propeller 3 that protrudes rearward is attached to the lower end of the propeller 3, and a drive shaft 4 that transmits power to the propeller 3 is arranged in the vertical direction. and is connected to a horizontal intermediate input shaft 6. Reference numeral 7 denotes a cylindrical clutch case installed through the stern 1, and the clutch case 7 includes an input shaft 8 protruding from the end on the inside of the ship;
Output shafts 9 protruding outward from the boat are arranged concentrically with each other, and the output shafts 9 are connected to the intermediate input shaft 6 via a ball joint 10, and the input shaft 8 is connected to the intermediate input shaft 6 by a shaft coupling 11. It is designed to be connected to the engine side. In the clutch case 7, a work machine clutch 12, which is the clutch of the present invention, is provided between the input shaft 8 and the output shaft 9. In this embodiment, the work machine clutch 12 is engaged and disengaged. This is what is called trolling, in which the boat is moved at a slow speed by engaging and disengaging power from the engine to the propulsion unit, or by performing a half-clutch operation.

Therefore, the working machine clutch 1 according to the present invention is
The structure of 2 will be explained based on Figure 2 and below.
First, the end of the input shaft 8 inside the case 7 is inserted into and supported by the end of the output shaft 9 . In addition, the input shaft 8
As shown in FIG. 6, a clutch dog 13 is fitted onto the outside of the case 7 through a spline 14 so as to be able to freely slide in the axial direction, and the clutch dog 13 and the large diameter end of the output shaft 9 that face each other are connected to each other. 9a
Clutch pawls 15 and 16 are formed respectively, and by slidingly operating the clutch dog 13, these clutch pawls 15 and 16 are engaged and disengaged from each other to engage and disengage the power from the input shaft 8 to the output shaft 9. It's becoming like that. The output shaft 9 has a conical friction outer peripheral surface 17 formed on the outer periphery of the large diameter end 9a. On the other hand, a spline 18 is formed on the outer periphery of the clutch dog 13, and a friction cone 19 is fitted onto the spline 18 so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the clutch dog 13. , an annular protrusion 20 protruding toward the output shaft 9 side.
A conical friction inner circumferential surface 21 is formed on the inner periphery of the annular protrusion 20 and is in sliding contact with the conical friction outer circumferential surface 17 . Therefore,
The friction cone 19 is slidable with respect to the clutch dog 13, but the sliding surface between the friction cone 19 and the clutch dog 13 is as shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a cross section V is formed on the outer periphery of the clutch dog 13 with inclined surfaces 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction.
A letter-shaped engagement groove 23 is formed in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, a guide hole 24 is formed through the friction cone 19 in the radial direction.
4 has an inclined surface 2 of the engagement groove 23 at its tip.
An engagement pin 26 having sloped surfaces 25, 25 that abut against the engagement pins 2, 22 is slidably inserted therein. 27
is a spring holder fitted onto the friction cone 19, and the tip of this spring holder 27 is connected to the guide hole 24.
A spring 28 is interposed between the spring presser 27 and the engagement pin 26 to constantly bias the engagement pin 26 in the radial direction. The matching pin 26 is connected to the engagement groove 23.
is constantly engaged.

Next, on the side of the clutch dog 13, a third
As shown in the figure, a lever shaft 30 is rotatably mounted through a case lid 29 attached to the side surface of the clutch case 7, and a shift arm 31 is fitted into the inner end of this lever shaft 30. At one end of the shift arm 31, that is, at the upper end side of the shift arm 31 in FIG.
A generally L-shaped shifter 32 protruding inward from 1.
is rotatably mounted on a shaft 33, and this shifter 32 is connected to the clutch dog 13.
It engages with a circumferential shifter groove 34 formed in the. Further, a shift lever 35 is attached to the outer end of the lever shaft 30, and when the shift lever 35 is rotated, the shift arm 31 is rotated. The clutch dog 13 is slid in the axial direction through the clutch to engage and disengage the clutch. 36 is a pressure fork disposed between the shift arm 31 and the friction cone 19, the tip of which fits into the outer circumferential step 37 formed at the rear end of the friction cone 20; As shown in FIG. 4, by the guide pin 38 attached to the case lid 29,
It is supported slidably in the axial direction. As also shown in FIG. 4, a cam 3 that abuts against the rear side of the pressure fork 36 is provided at the end of the shift arm 31 opposite to the shaft 33 of the shifter 32.
9 is formed, thus the shift arm 31
When the shifter 32 rotates the clutch dog 13 in the direction opposite to the direction in which it slides in the insertion direction, the shift arm 31 pushes the pressure fork 36, thereby causing the friction cone 19 to
It is configured to slide on the clutch dog 13 toward the output shaft 9 side.

Now, to explain the operation based on the above configuration, first, move the shift lever 35 to the clutch dog 13.
When the shifter 32 is rotated in the insertion direction, that is, to the other side in FIG. 3 (leftward in FIG. 4), the shift arm 31 moves the shifter 32 in the axial direction, as described above. Then, the clutch dog 13 slides toward the output shaft 9 side. At the same time, since the engagement pin 26 and the engagement groove 23 are engaged,
The friction cone 19 similarly slides together in the axial direction, and first, the conical friction inner circumferential surface 21 of this friction cone 19 comes into sliding contact with the conical friction outer circumferential surface 17 on the output shaft 9 side. , the output shaft 9 starts rotating.
If the clutch dog 13 is pressed still strongly, the frictional force between the two conical friction surfaces 21 and 17 increases, and the rotation of the output shaft 9 increases to synchronous rotation. When pushed in even more forcefully, the engagement pin 26 is pushed into the guide hole 24 as shown in FIG. Then, only the clutch dog 13 slides, and the clutch claw 15 of the clutch dog 13 meshes with the clutch claw 16 of the output shaft 9, so that the clutch is completely engaged. Furthermore, when the lever shaft 35 is rotated in the original direction from this state, the clutch dog 13 slides in the original direction, and the engagement groove 23 of the clutch dog 13 slides in the original direction.
engages with the engagement pin 26 again, and the friction cone 19
Return to the original direction. In addition, in this case, the engagement pin 2
6 and the engagement groove 23 are not engaged and the friction cone 19 returns to the state in which it was inserted.
, whose rear end is connected to the pressure fork 36
, so it cannot move any further and always returns to the position where the engagement pin 26 and the engagement groove 23 engage. Next, shift lever 3
When the shift arm 31 is rotated in the opposite direction to the direction in which the clutch dog 13 is inserted, that is, toward the front in FIG. Since the fork 36 is slid, the pressure fork 36 is caused to slide against the friction cone 19 regardless of the sliding movement of the clutch dog 13.
is slid toward the output shaft 9 side, whereby the conical friction inner circumferential surface 21 of the friction cone 19 and the conical friction outer circumferential surface 17 on the output shaft 9 side come into sliding contact, and due to the friction retention force, Power is transmitted to the output shaft 9 side. This transmitted torque is determined by the load applied to the shift lever 35, so by adjusting this load it is possible to move the boat at a desired speed and perform trolling operations.
In addition, at this time, the engagement pin 26 is attached to the inclined surfaces 22, 2.
5 into the guide hole 24, but the engagement groove 23 prevents it from being completely removed. That is, if the friction cone 13 is disengaged from the engagement groove 23, even if the load applied to the shift lever 35 is removed, the friction cone 13 will not return, and the conical friction outer peripheral surface 1
7 and the inner circumferential surface 21 are not completely separated, and the output shaft 9 side is dragged and rotated. As a result of this action, the friction cone 13 returns automatically upon removal of said load.

As shown in FIG. 5, the shift lever 35 is connected to an operating section inside the ship via a single-handed spring joint 40 so that it can be remotely operated.
It is possible to absorb fluctuations in the force applied to the operating section and always apply a constant load to the shift lever 35, thereby achieving stable slow-speed navigation of the ship.

In the above, the positional relationship between the engagement pin 26 and the engagement groove 23 may be reversed, with the engagement pin 26 facing the clutch dog 13 side and the engagement groove 23 facing the friction cone 19 side.
It may also be formed on the side. Further, the engagement pin 26 may be another engagement member, that is, a ball. Furthermore, a conical friction outer circumferential surface may be formed on the friction cone 19 side, and a conical friction inner circumferential surface may be formed on the output shaft 9 side.

Effects of the Invention As can be understood from the above explanation, in the present invention, first, prior to the engagement of the clutch dog, the friction cone is slid onto the conical friction surface of the mating partner, and when the clutch dog and the mating partner are in synchronous rotation, Since the clutch dog is designed to mesh with the mating clutch pawl, the impact when the clutch dog is inserted is alleviated, the durability of the clutch pawl is improved, and the shock and shock noise when the clutch dog is inserted can be reduced. It is. Further, in the present invention, in addition to such a synchronized meshing mechanism, only the friction cone can be slid separately from the clutch dog, and its conical friction surface can be brought into sliding contact with the mating conical friction surface. Although the structure is equipped with such a synchronized meshing mechanism, it has the effect of allowing the ship to sail at a slow speed by half-clutching, and the half-clutching operation also allows the sliding operation tool that slides the clutch dog to be moved at the same time as when the clutch dog is inserted. Since this is done by rotating the clutch in the opposite direction, the same operating tool can be used for normal engagement/disengagement and half-clutching, and the effect is that only one operating system is required as before. There is. Furthermore, in the present invention, normal engagement and disengagement is performed by the engagement of clutch pawls, and half-clutching is performed by sliding a friction cone for synchronous rotation, so it is different from the conventional friction plate type clutch. Unlike this, it only requires a small capacity, and therefore has the advantage of being compact and inexpensive as a whole.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an overall side view showing only a part of the outboard propulsion machine, Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of the work implement clutch, and Fig. 3 is a line taken along line A-A in Fig. 2. 4 is a side view of the mounting structure of the shift arm and pressure fork as seen from the left side of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a side view of the shift lever section, and FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the main part showing the clutch in the fitted state. 8... Input shaft, 9... Output shaft, 13... Clutch dog, 16... Clutch pawl, 17... Conical friction outer circumferential surface, 19... Friction cone, 21... Conical friction inner circumferential surface, 22... Inclined Surface, 23...Engagement groove, 26
...Engaging pin, 28...Spring, 31...Shift arm, 35...Shift lever, 39...Cam.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a clutch device in which a clutch dog is provided on one of the transmission shafts on the driving side and the driven side so as to be slidable, and a clutch pawl is provided on the other transmission shaft to mesh with the clutch dog, the transmission shaft equipped with the clutch pawl is provided with a conical friction. A friction cone that protrudes from the clutch dog and slides in sliding contact with the conical friction surface is attached to the clutch dog so as to be slidable in the axial direction. An engagement groove with an inclined surface is provided on both sides of the clutch, and an engagement member that engages with the engagement groove by the biasing force of a spring is provided on the other side, and the shaft of the shift lever that slides the clutch dog is provided with an engagement member that engages with the engagement groove by the biasing force of a spring. , characterized in that a shift arm is provided with a cam that pushes the friction cone toward the mating conical friction surface when the shift lever is rotated in a direction opposite to the direction in which the clutch dog engages with the mating clutch pawl. Synchronous mesh clutch device with half clutch.