JP3724850B2 - Tapper mechanism - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tapper mechanism used when threading, that is, tapping, a metal workpiece (workpiece).
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a prior art of this type of tapper mechanism, there is one described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-27725 by the same applicant as the present application. This is because the engaging piece attached to the driven shaft having the tap at the tip engages with the clutch provided on the tapper main body that is driven to rotate by the main shaft of the machine tool, and the rotational force of the tapper main body is applied. This is a tapper mechanism that is transmitted to the drive shaft and moved by a predetermined stroke, whereby the engagement piece is disengaged from the clutch, the transmission force from the tapper body is cut off, and the driven shaft is switched to the neutral state. And forming a ball rolling groove on the opposite surface between the engagement piece and the driven shaft to which the engagement piece is attached so that the ball can roll only in the axial direction. For torque transmission A ball is interposed, so that the engagement piece and the driven shaft For torque transmission Engage with the ball and rotate integrally, and the engagement piece and the driven shaft For torque transmission A clutch spring is provided that is guided by the ball and is relatively movable in the axial direction, and further presses the engagement piece in a direction to disengage the clutch from the clutch.
[0003]
Thus, in the above tapper mechanism, when the engagement piece is disengaged from the clutch from the engagement state between the engagement piece and the clutch, the ball rolling formed on the opposing surface of the engagement piece and the driven shaft is performed. In the groove For torque transmission The ball is interposed and the engagement piece For torque transmission Ball Rolling Can move in the axial direction from the driven shaft very lightly, and since the engaging piece is biased in the direction of releasing from the clutch by the clutch spring, the engaging piece is released from the clutch. At the time of disengagement, the engagement piece is instantly separated from the clutch by a sufficient distance and does not come into contact with the clutch again. This causes the so-called chattering phenomenon that repeats engagement and disengagement between the engagement piece and the clutch. Can be blocked.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional tapper mechanism as described above, when the engagement piece is engaged with the clutch from the neutral state, the engagement piece receives a strong impact, and the driven shaft generates subtle backlash due to the impact force. A new problem has been found that reduces machining accuracy. The object of the present invention is to solve such a problem.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the tapper mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention, a clutch is provided on the side of the rotationally driven tapper main body 1, and a clutch ball 12 is provided on the driven shaft 5 side having a tap 7 attached to the tip. Set up When the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the clutch, the rotational force of the tapper body 1 is transmitted to the driven shaft 5 and driven. The clutch ball 12 is held by a clutch ball holding ring 11 made of a rigid body that is rotatably fitted to the driven shaft 5 so as to be axially movable, and the holding ring 11 and the driven shaft 5 Between them, a rotational force transmitting ball 13 for transmitting the rotational force of the tapper body 1 to the driven shaft 5 through the clutch ball 12 and the clutch ball holding ring 11 is interposed so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The force transmission ball 13 is prevented from rotating relative to the driven shaft 5 by a ball receiver 14 made of a rigid body, and can be slightly changed in the circumferential direction by an elastic member 15 provided on the ball receiver 14. And When the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the clutch, the impact force of the clutch ball 12 is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member 15.
[0006]
In the tapper mechanism according to claim 2, the forward rotation clutch 25 and the reverse rotation clutch 26 are provided on the side of the rotationally driven tapper body 1 via the reverse rotation mechanism 33, and the driven shaft 5 having the tap 7 attached to the tip portion. On the side is the clutch ball 12 Set up After the driven shaft 5 is moved in the predetermined stroke axis direction and the clutch ball 12 is separated from the forward rotation clutch 25 and switched to the neutral state, the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the reverse rotation clutch 26. The driven shaft is driven in reverse The clutch ball 12 is held by a clutch ball holding ring 11 made of a rigid body that is rotatably fitted to the driven shaft 5 so as to be axially movable, and the holding ring 11 and the driven shaft 5 Between them, a rotational force transmitting ball 13 for transmitting the rotational force of the tapper body 1 to the driven shaft 5 through the clutch ball 12 and the clutch ball holding ring 11 is interposed so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The force transmission ball 13 is prevented from rotating relative to the driven shaft 5 by a ball receiver 14 made of a rigid body, and can be slightly changed in the circumferential direction by an elastic member 15 provided on the ball receiver 14. And When the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the clutches 25 and 26, the impact force of the clutch ball 12 is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member 15.
[0007]
The tapper mechanism according to claim 3 includes a forward clutch 25 and an auxiliary clutch 26 on the side of the rotationally driven tapper body 1. Set up The clutch ball 12 is provided on the driven shaft 5 side with the tap 7 attached to the tip. Set up Thus, the driven shaft 5 moves in a predetermined stroke axis direction, and the clutch ball 12 is disengaged from the forward rotation clutch 25 and switched to the neutral state. When the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the auxiliary clutch 26, the driven shaft 5 is driven in reverse. The clutch ball 12 is held by a clutch ball holding ring 11 made of a rigid body that is rotatably fitted to the driven shaft 5 so as to be axially movable, and the holding ring 11 and the driven shaft 5 Between them, a rotational force transmitting ball 13 for transmitting the rotational force of the tapper body 1 to the driven shaft 5 through the clutch ball 12 and the clutch ball holding ring 11 is interposed so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The force transmission ball 13 is prevented from rotating relative to the driven shaft 5 by a ball receiver 14 made of a rigid body, and can be slightly changed in the circumferential direction by an elastic member 15 provided on the ball receiver 14. And When the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the clutches 25 and 26, the impact force of the clutch ball 12 is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member 15.
[0008]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the tapper mechanism according to any one of the first to third aspects, the first member 1a on the side where the tapper body 1 receives the rotational force from the main spindle S of the machine tool and the first side on which the clutch is provided. The two members 1a and 1b are connected to each other via an elastic member 36 so as to be integrally rotatable so that the second member 1b can slightly shift in the circumferential direction with respect to the first member 1a. ing.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In FIG. 1 showing the whole of a tapper mechanism according to the present invention, reference numeral 1 is divided into a first member 1a that receives a rotational force from a spindle S of a machine tool and a second member 1b that is provided with a clutch. A shank portion 2 fitted and fixed to the main shaft S is concentrically connected to the proximal end portion of the first member 1a, and a flange portion 3 to be gripped by a manipulator is provided on the shank portion 2. It has been. The first member 1a and the second member 1b are each formed in a hollow shape, and the proximal end portion of the second member 1b is fitted into the distal end portion of the first member 1a, and penetrates each fitting portion in the radial direction. The members 1a and 1b are connected to each other by a plurality of pins 4 so as to be integrally rotatable. A driven shaft 5 is attached to the inside of the tapper body 1 so as to be slidable and rotatable in the axial direction, and a tap 7 is attached to the tip of the driven shaft 5 via a tap holder 6. .
[0011]
The proximal end side shaft portion 5a of the driven shaft 5 is fitted into the shaft insertion hole 8 of the first member 1a of the tapper main body 1, and the inner side of the shaft insertion hole 8 has a machine tool side and a tap 7 side. An absorption spring 9 (compression spring) for absorbing an axial feed error is provided, and the driven shaft-side spring receiver 10 of the absorption spring 9 has a protruding end of the base-end-side shaft portion 5a of the driven shaft 5. Abutted.
[0012]
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a clutch ball holding ring 11 made of a rigid body (metal) is fitted on the base end side of the driven shaft 5 so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction. A plurality of clutch balls 12 are held at fixed positions on the ring 11 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction (for example, at intervals of 120 degrees) and in two rows in the axial direction (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 3). ). Between the clutch ball holding ring 11 and the driven shaft 5, a plurality of torque transmissions for transmitting the rotational force of the tapper body 1 to the driven shaft 5 through the clutch ball 12 and the clutch ball holding ring 11. Balls 13 are interposed, and these rotational force transmitting balls 13 are inserted into the ball rolling grooves 14a of the ball receiver 14 made of a rigid body (metal) embedded in the driven shaft 5 and extending in the axial direction. It is fitted so as to be able to roll only in the direction, and is fitted so as to be able to roll only in the axial direction in a ball rolling groove 11 a provided in the axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the clutch ball holding ring 11.
[0013]
As apparent from FIGS. 3 and 5, the ball receiver 14 is an elastic member mounted on both side surfaces thereof. 15 At the same time, it is fitted and fixed to a fitting recess 16 that is recessed in the driven shaft 5 along the axial direction. As the elastic member 15, natural or synthetic rubber or soft synthetic resin such as urethane is used.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bracket 17 is provided on the distal end side of the driven shaft 5 so as to be rotatable relative to the driven shaft 5, and a sliding contact ring 18 provided on the bracket 17 is moved in the axial direction. A return spring 21 for returning the driven shaft 5 to the proximal end side is interposed between the spring receiver 20 and the spring receiver 20 that is locked to the driven shaft 5 by a retaining ring 19. It abuts on the tip of the ball holding ring 11. The spring force of the return spring 21 is weaker than that of the absorption spring 9. A buffer spring 24 having a spring force weaker than that of the return spring 21 is interposed between the rear end of the clutch ball holding ring 11 and a spring receiver 23 locked to the driven shaft 5 by a retaining ring 22. Is done.
[0015]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each clutch ball 12 on the left side in the figure is located on the base end side of the second member 1 b of the tapper body 1. line A forward rotation clutch 25 that engages in a contact state is provided, and each clutch ball 12 on the right side in FIG. line A reverse clutch 26 that is engaged in a contact state is provided, and a neutral space 27 that is not engaged with each clutch ball 12 is provided between the clutches 25 and 26.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second member 1b of the tapper main body 1 is divided into a base end side member a and a tip end side member b at an axially intermediate portion thereof. The forward rotation clutch 25 is provided on the peripheral side, and the reverse rotation clutch 26 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the distal end side member b. On the outer peripheral side of the tapper main body 1, a main body cover 28 is provided in a state of being supported so as to be rotatable relative to the tapper main body 1 by a bearing 29, and a front end portion of the main body cover 28 is fixed to the bracket 17. A reverse bevel gear 30 is pivotally supported on the main body cover 28 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the driven shaft 5. 30 A pair of large gears 31 and 32 are provided opposite to each other at the front end portion of the first member 1a and the front end side member b of the second member 1b so that the large gears 31 and 32 are reverse umbrellas. The reversing mechanism 33 is constituted by the reversing bevel gear 32 and the large gears 31, 32 meshed with the gear 32. In this case, one large gear 31 is provided on the forward rotation clutch 25 side, and the other large gear 32 is provided on the reverse rotation clutch 26 side. With this reverse rotation mechanism 33, the reverse rotation clutch 26 is always rotated in the reverse rotation state with respect to the rotation direction of the forward rotation clutch 25.
[0017]
The distal end side member b of the second member 1b and the large gear 32 provided on the second member 1b rotate integrally with each other by the slide connecting member 34, but the distal end side member b is pivoted with respect to the large gear 32. Slidable in the direction between the tip end portion b of the second member 1 b and the sliding contact ring 18 provided on the bracket 17. There is a buffer spring 35 And the distal end side member b is always urged by the spring 35 in the direction of the proximal end side member a.
[0018]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, each pin 4 connecting the first member 1a of the tapper body 1 and the proximal end member a of the second member 1b so as to be integrally rotatable, A ring-shaped elastic member 36 is attached to the end of the pin 4 on the second member 1b side, and the elastic member 36 is provided in a recessed portion 37 that is recessed in the base end side member a of the second member 1b. The base member a of the second member 1b can be slightly elastic in the circumferential direction by the elastic member 36 with respect to the first member 1a. Therefore, even if the impact force of the clutch ball 12 is applied to the second member 1b when the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the forward rotation clutch 25 from the neutral state, the impact force is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member 36, and the work force is reduced. Propagation to the machine side can be prevented.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, the tapper mechanism is provided with a stopper pin mechanism having a stopper pin 39 for holding the main body cover 28 in a non-rotating state with respect to the fixing member 38 of the machine tool. An oil supply mechanism 40 for supplying cooling oil for cooling and lubrication to the tap 7 is provided.
[0020]
The stopper pin mechanism and the oil supply mechanism 40 will be described. A pin holder 41 is attached to the base end side of the main body cover 28 in parallel with the driven shaft 5, and a hollow stopper pin 39 is attached to the pin holder 41. It is urged | biased by the spring 42 provided in the inner back part of 41 in the protrusion direction. A locking member 43 is integrally attached to the stopper pin 39. The locking member 43 is movable in the axial direction of the pin 39 with respect to the pin holder 41, and the spring 42 of 1 is pushed to the left in FIG. 1 together with the stopper pin 39 by the urging force, so that the free end portion of the detent member 43 becomes the shank portion 2 in a non-use state. Non-rotating ring attached to 44, the shank portion 2 and the main body cover 28 are coupled so as not to rotate relative to each other.
[0021]
A support member 45 is attached to the front end side of the main body cover 28 on the outside of the bracket 17, and a cylinder 46 is fixed to the support member 45 in parallel to the driven shaft 5. 47 is slidably inserted in the axial direction so as to protrude from both ends of the cylinder 46, and the distal end portion of the spool rod 47 is attached to the distal end side of the driven shaft 5 so as to be orthogonal to the driven shaft 5. The swivel arm 48 is integrally connected to the free end portion. An annular chamber 49 having an axial length longer than the maximum movement amount of the driven shaft 5 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 46 and the outer peripheral surface of the spool rod 47. A communication passage 50 provided in the diametrical direction that can always communicate with the annular chamber 49 of the 46 and an oil passage 51 formed along the axis so as to communicate with the communication passage 50 are provided. Is connected to an oil passage 52 provided in the swivel arm 48. The oil passage 52 of the swivel arm 48 is connected to an oil passage 54 that communicates with the tip of the tap 7 via a communication passage 53 provided in the driven shaft 5. Further, an oil passage 55 communicating with the annular chamber 49 in the cylinder 46 is provided in the support member 45, and the oil passage 55 in the support member 45 and the oil passage 56 in the pin holder 41 are connected to each other. Communicatingly connected by 57. A spherical body 59 and a coil spring 60 constituting a check valve are provided at the protruding side end portion of the oil passage 58 in the stopper pin 39.
[0022]
Thus, a series of oil passages communicating with each other over the stopper pin 39, the pin holder 41, the communication pipe 57, the support member 45, the cylinder 46, the spool rod 47, the swivel arm 48, the driven shaft 5, and the tap 7 are provided. It is formed. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 1, the tapper mechanism is mounted on the spindle S of the machine tool via the shank portion 2, and the stopper pin 39 is fitted into the fitting hole 61 of the fixing member 38 of the machine tool. The above-described series of oil passages are connected in communication with an oil supply port 62 provided in the fixing member 38 of the machine tool, whereby the driven shaft 5 moves independently of the tapper body 1 by the cutting oil from the oil supply pipe 63. Even so, the oil is continuously supplied to the oil hole (not shown) of the tap 7 through the series of oil passages.
[0023]
A usage mode of the tapper mechanism having the above-described configuration and the oil supply mechanism 40 provided thereon will be described.
[0024]
First, when using the tapper mechanism, the flange portion 3 shown in FIG. 1 is gripped by the manipulator, the shank portion 2 is mounted on the spindle S of the machine tool, and the tapper body 1 is rotated (forward rotation) by the rotation drive of the spindle S. Let The clutch ball 12 is pushed toward the forward rotation clutch 25 via the clutch ball holding ring 11 by the urging force of the return spring 21 that presses the driven shaft 5 toward the proximal end side, and engages with the forward rotation clutch 25. Therefore, the driven shaft 5 is rotated forward by the rotation of the tapper body 1. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the rear end of the clutch ball holding ring 11 and the spring receiver 23 are separated from each other, and the buffer spring 24 interposed therebetween is loosened. Shrunk Is in a state.
[0025]
While the spindle S of the machine tool is rotated and fed, the tap 7 at the tip of the driven shaft 5 is pressed against the work (not shown) to start the tap hole forming operation. At this time, if the tap 7 does not immediately bite against the workpiece, the driven shaft 5 is temporarily retracted by a slight amount against the urging force of the absorption spring 9 due to the reaction force of the workpiece. When the main shaft S is caught, the tap 7 enters the hole of the workpiece while the entire tapper mechanism including the driven shaft 5 moves forward by the rotation and feed of the main shaft S, and the tap hole forming operation is started. When the feeding of the main shaft S is stopped in the course of forming the tapped hole, the driven shaft 5 is guided by the tapped hole itself, that is, advances alone by self-propulsion force.
[0026]
In the self-propulsion stage of the driven shaft 5, each clutch ball 12 held by the clutch ball holding ring 11 is against the forward rotation clutch 25 on the tapper body 1 side. line The balls 13 for torque transmission interposed between the clutch ball holding ring 11 and the ball receiver 14 fixed to the driven shaft 5 are engaged with each other in the contact state. For ball receiver 14 line Because of the contact state, the driven shaft 5 first advances independently independently of the clutch ball holding ring 11 due to the difference in frictional force between the two. Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 8, the spring receiver 23 locked by the retaining ring 22 moves integrally with the driven shaft 5, thereby compressing the spring 24. Further, as the driven shaft 5 moves forward, the spring receiver 20 locked by the retaining ring 19 moves integrally, so that the return spring 21 is slightly compressed as shown in FIG.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 8, when the driven shaft 5 advances by a predetermined stroke by the self-propelling force as described above, the spring receiver 23 that moves integrally with the driven shaft 5 contacts the rear end of the clutch ball holding ring 11. Then, the clutch ball holding ring 11 advances integrally, whereby the clutch ball 12 starts to be disengaged from the forward rotation clutch 25. Thus, when the formation of the tapped hole is completed, the clutch ball 12 is disengaged from the forward rotation clutch 25. neutral The space 27 is reached, and transmission of the rotational force from the tapper body 1 side (the base end side member a of the first member 1a) to the driven shaft 5 is cut off, resulting in a neutral state.
[0028]
By moving the main spindle S of the machine tool in the reverse direction by a predetermined amount from the neutral state and moving the tapper body 1 backward, as shown in FIG. 9, the right clutch ball 12 is moved to the tip of the second member 1b. Engage with a reverse clutch 26 provided on the side member b. Since the rotational force from the first member 1a is constantly transmitted to the distal end side member b of the second member 1b through the reverse rotation mechanism 33, the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the reverse rotation clutch 26 to drive the driven shaft. 5 is driven in reverse. Then, the reverse rotation of the driven shaft 5 similarly guides the tap hole itself, and the tap 7 comes out of the tap hole.
[0029]
When the clutch ball 12 is engaged with the reverse rotation clutch 26 as described above, a large circumferential impact force acts on the clutch ball 12, and this impact force is applied to the rotational force transmitting ball as shown in FIG. 13 is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic members 15 provided on both side surfaces of the ball receiver 14 that receives 13. In other words, the circumferential impact force acting on the clutch ball 12 is transmitted to the ball receiver 14 through the clutch ball retaining ring 11 and the rotational force transmitting ball 13. The force is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic members 15 mounted on both sides of the ball receiver 14 in the rotational direction of the driven shaft. Thereby, the impact force in the circumferential direction applied to the clutch ball 12 does not act on the driven shaft 5, and therefore the tap hole forming accuracy by the tap 7 is not lowered.
[0030]
When the driven shaft 5 moves backward while being reversed, the return spring 21 is Spring receiver 20 Then, the driven shaft 5 is pressed to the base end side, whereby the clutch ball 12 is detached from the reverse rotation clutch 26 and engaged with the forward rotation clutch 25 through the neutral space portion 27. When the clutch ball holding ring 11 is engaged with the forward rotation clutch 25, a large circumferential impact force acts on the clutch ball 12, and this impact force is also received by the ball receiver that receives the rotational force transmitting ball 13 as described above. Absorption is alleviated by the elastic members 15 provided on both side surfaces.
[0031]
At this time, the impact force applied to the clutch ball 12 acts on the first member 1a through the base end side member a of the second member 1b of the tapper body 1, and this impact force is applied to the first member 1a and the second member. Absorption is reduced by the elastic member 36 attached to each pin 4 that is connected to the base end side member a of 1b so as to be integrally rotatable, thereby preventing propagation to the machine tool side, and to the machine tool side. There is no adverse effect.
[0032]
On the other hand, during use of the above-described tapper mechanism, the cutting oil fed from the oil supply pipe 63 to the oil supply port 62 becomes the stopper pin 39, the pin holder 41, the communication pipe 57, the support member 45, the cylinder 46, and the spool rod 47. The swivel joint 48, the driven shaft 5, and the tap 7 are supplied to the tap hole from an oil hole (not shown) of the tap 7 through a series of oil passages communicating with each other.
[0033]
Thus, when the driven shaft 5 moves forward independently of the tapper body 1 by self-propelling force in the process of forming the tapped hole, the swivel arm 48 is driven as the driven shaft 5 moves forward. When the swivel arm 48 moves together with the shaft 5, the spool rod 47 in the cylinder 46 moves parallel to the driven shaft 5. like this Spool rod Even during the movement of 47, an annular chamber 49 having an axial length longer than the maximum amount of movement of the driven shaft 5 is formed in the cylinder 46, and is connected to the spool rod 47 in the diameter direction. Since the passage 50 is always in communication with the annular chamber 49, the oil passage portion from the oil passage 55 of the support member 45 to the oil passage 52 of the swivel arm 48 is not blocked, and therefore the oil supply pipe 63 supplies oil. The cutting oil fed to the port 62 is supplied to the oil hole of the tap 7 through a series of oil passages extending from the stopper pin 39 to the tap 7.
[0034]
The reverse mechanism built-in type tapper mechanism has been described above, but the present invention is also applied to a type of tapper mechanism that operates by rotating the main spindle on the machine tool side in the forward and reverse directions. That is, in a tapping mechanism of the type that rotates the machine tool side main shaft in the forward and reverse directions, the forward rotation clutch and the auxiliary clutch (corresponding to the reverse rotation clutch) are arranged in the axial direction of the driven shaft on the rotationally driven tapper body side. A clutch ball is provided on the side of the driven shaft, which is provided oppositely and has a tap attached to the tip, so that the clutch ball can be slightly displaced in the circumferential direction via an elastic member, and the driven shaft moves in the predetermined stroke axial direction and the clutch ball The clutch ball is engaged with the auxiliary clutch corresponding to the forward rotation clutch by reversing the tapper body, that is, by reversing the main spindle of the machine tool in a state where the clutch is separated from the forward rotation clutch and switched to the neutral position. Thus, the driven shaft is driven in reverse rotation, so that the clutch ball when the clutch ball is engaged with the auxiliary clutch is Impact force is absorbed alleviated by the elastic member, therefore it is eliminated that would reduce the tap hole formation machining accuracy by tapping.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the tapper mechanism of the first aspect of the present invention, the clutch ball that engages with the clutch provided on the side of the tapper main body is provided on the driven shaft side so as to be slightly shiftable in the circumferential direction via the elastic member. Therefore, when the clutch ball is engaged with the clutch, the impact force of the clutch ball is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member, so that the tapping accuracy is not reduced as in the conventional tapper mechanism.
[0036]
Claim 2 of the present invention is a tapper mechanism incorporating a reverse rotation mechanism, and according to this tapper mechanism, the reverse rotation mechanism is provided on the side of the tapper body. The A forward rotation clutch and a reverse rotation clutch are provided, and a clutch ball that engages with these clutches is provided on the driven shaft side so as to be slightly shiftable in the circumferential direction via an elastic member. When the clutch ball is engaged, the impact force of the clutch ball is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member, so that the tapping accuracy is not reduced as in the conventional tapping mechanism with a built-in reverse rotation mechanism.
[0037]
Claim 3 of the present invention is a tapper mechanism of a type that operates by rotating the machine tool side main shaft forward and backward, and according to this tapper mechanism, a forward rotation clutch and an auxiliary clutch are provided on the tapper body side, By providing the clutch balls that engage with these clutches on the driven shaft side so as to be slightly displaceable in the circumferential direction via elastic members, the impact force of the clutch balls is reduced when the clutch balls are engaged with the clutches. Absorption and relaxation are achieved by the elastic member, so that the tapping accuracy is not reduced as in the conventional tapper mechanism of the type that rotates the machine tool side main shaft forward and backward.
[0038]
According to claim 4 of the present invention, the tapper body is divided and formed into a first member on the side receiving the rotational force from the main spindle of the machine tool and a second member on the side where the clutch is provided. Since the two members are connected to the first member so as to be able to move slightly in the circumferential direction via the elastic member so as to be integrally rotatable, the impact force of the clutch ball when engaged with the clutch ball clutch is the second. Even if it is applied to the member, the impact force is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member, and therefore does not adversely affect the machine tool side.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an entire tapper mechanism according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the tapper mechanism shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
4 is a partially enlarged detail view of the tapper mechanism shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a rotational force transmitting ball, a ball receiver, and an elastic member.
6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line YY in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a first stage of the operating state of the tapper mechanism.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a second stage of the operating state of the tapper mechanism.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a third stage of the operating state of the tapper mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
S Machine tool spindle
1 Tapper body
7 taps
9 Absorption spring
11 Clutch ball retaining ring
12 Clutch ball
13 Ball for torque transmission
14 ball holder
15 Elastic member
21 Return spring
24 Buffer spring
25 Forward rotation clutch
26 Reverse clutch
27 Neutral space
28 Body cover
33 Reverse rotation mechanism
35 Buffer spring

Claims (4)

Clutch is provided on the tapper body for rotating the clutch ball set vignetting on the driven shaft side mounted a tap at the tip, by the clutch ball engages the clutch, the rotational force of the tapper body to be The clutch ball is held by a clutch ball holding ring made of a rigid body that is externally fitted so as to be rotatable and axially movable on the driven shaft. Between the shaft, a torque transmission ball for transmitting the rotational force of the tapper body to the driven shaft via the clutch ball and the holding ring is interposed so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The ball is prevented from rotating relative to the driven shaft by a ball receiver made of a rigid body, and can be slightly changed in the circumferential direction by an elastic member provided on the ball receiver. It has a, Tupper mechanism the impact force of the clutch ball when engagement of the clutch ball to the clutch is adapted to be absorbed alleviated by the elastic member. The tapper body for rotating the provided through reversing mechanism and normal rotation clutch and reverse clutch is a clutch ball set vignetting on the driven shaft side mounted a tap at the tip, the driven shaft is predetermined stroke after moving the clutch ball in the axial direction is switched to the neutral state disengaged from the forward rotation clutch by the clutch ball engages the reverse clutch, the driven shaft is driven in the reverse direction, the clutch ball, the It is held by a clutch ball holding ring made of a rigid body that is rotatably fitted to the drive shaft and is movable in the axial direction. Between the holding ring and the driven shaft, the clutch ball and the holding ring are connected. Through which a rotational force transmitting ball that transmits the rotational force of the tapper body to the driven shaft is interposed so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The ball receiving consisting of the body while being prevented relative rotation between the driven shaft, has a possible slightly displaced in the circumferential direction by an elastic member provided in the receiving the ball, engagement of the clutch balls into the respective clutches A tapper mechanism in which the impact force of the clutch ball is absorbed and relaxed by the elastic member at the time. The tapper body for rotating the normal rotation clutch auxiliary clutch and is provided, the clutch ball set vignetting on the driven shaft side mounted a tap at the tip, the driven shaft is moved in a predetermined stroke direction clutch With the ball detached from the forward rotation clutch and switched to neutral, the driven shaft is driven in reverse by engaging the clutch ball with the auxiliary clutch corresponding to the forward rotation clutch by reversing the tapper body . The clutch ball is held by a clutch ball holding ring formed of a rigid body that is rotatably fitted to the driven shaft and is axially movable, and the clutch ball is interposed between the holding ring and the driven shaft. And the rotational force transmitting ball that transmits the rotational force of the tapper body to the driven shaft through the retaining ring can be moved only in the axial direction. The rotational force transmitting ball is prevented from rotating relative to the driven shaft by a ball receiver made of a rigid body, and can be slightly changed in the circumferential direction by an elastic member provided on the ball receiver. and which, Tupper mechanism the impact force of the clutch ball when engagement of the clutch balls to each clutch are absorbed alleviated by the elastic member.   The main body of the tapper is divided and formed into a first member that receives rotational force from the main spindle of the machine tool and a second member that is provided with a clutch. The tapper mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tapper mechanism is connected via an elastic member so as to be able to slightly shift in a direction so as to be integrally rotatable.

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