JPH0241619B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an exposed insulation and waterproof construction method for so-called walking roofs where the rooftops of buildings are used for sports fields, gardens, etc.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat insulating waterproof construction method with excellent degassing properties that does not cause any blistering after waterproofing even if the waterproof base is still damp.

Conventionally, the standard method for waterproofing work is to perform asphalt waterproofing method or sheet waterproofing method when the waterproof base such as concrete frame is dry, but in reality, the type, shape, and construction period of the waterproof base The situation varies depending on the construction period, weather, and other conditions, and there are many cases where waterproofing work is performed in humid conditions with insufficient drying. Waterproofing work performed when the waterproof base is in a humid state often causes the waterproof layer to bulge after construction, and this bulge not only impairs the aesthetic appearance of the rooftop, but also impairs its functionality as a walking roof. Furthermore, it causes fatigue deterioration of the waterproof layer material due to stress strain on the waterproof layer.

This swelling phenomenon of the waterproof layer is caused not only by excess moisture in the waterproof base, but also by the entrainment of solvent, moisture, and air contained in the adhesive used during waterproofing construction. Therefore, many methods have been proposed to prevent this bulge. One of the methods to prevent swelling is the insulation method. What is the insulation method? In the sheet waterproofing method, the waterproof sheet is not entirely glued to the waterproof base with adhesive, but only the four peripheries of the flat part of the waterproof base are glued, and the wide center area other than the four peripheries is attached to the waterproof base. It is also called the ``Floating tension method'' because it is not glued and is left floating. However, this construction method is not suitable for the so-called exposed waterproofing construction method in which the waterproof sheet is placed on the top layer, and requires a holding layer such as mortar or gravel layer on the top of the waterproof sheet.

In addition, a waterproof sheet laminated with a breathable material such as a non-woven fabric, a grooved foam sheet, or a foam sheet with a continuous structure is used on the back side of the waterproof layer, and a ventilation device (roof ventilator or roof vent) is used in the flat area. A method is also used to install a However, installing such ventilation equipment on a flat roof is not only expensive, but also becomes an extremely large obstacle in the case of a walkable roof intended for rooftop use. Furthermore, in the case of snow-covered areas, if such ventilation equipment is installed, if there is more snow than the ventilation equipment, melted snow water will flow back through the ventilation equipment, causing water leakage.

The present invention has been made in order to provide an exposed insulation and waterproofing method for walking roofs that utilize rooftops, which is completely free from such bulging problems, and is free from the above-mentioned obstacles and drawbacks.The following is an example of its implementation. Explaining this using drawings, the insulation and waterproofing method is roughly divided into the following five steps.

In the first step, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, a ventilation body mounting groove 4 is provided in advance on the rising slab surface 3, and a vent mounting groove 4 is provided in this groove 4 as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The ventilation body 5 rises from the waterproof base surface 1 and the top end 2
In the process of fitting and filling the lower part of the concrete to the fullest extent, when pouring concrete for the parapet part of the mounting groove 4, a batten corresponding to the mounting groove is nailed in advance to the formwork constituting the rising part 3. It may also be provided by applying a batten corresponding to the mounting groove 4 when pouring concrete or placing mortar after pouring concrete, and removing this batten after pouring the mortar and drying. The standard dimensions of the mounting groove 4 are about 10 to 15 mm deep x 50 to 60 mm wide, and the intervals are about 1.0 to 1.2 m.

When installing the deaeration vent 5, it is important to install it all the way from the bottom of the chin of the rising top 2 to the first surface of the waterproof base, that is, to the rising corner line, and therefore the mounting groove 4 must be provided in the same way. As shown in Fig. 7, this ventilation body 5 has a thickness that slightly protrudes from the mounting groove 4 or is flat with the rising surface 3, and its width is slightly wide enough to be installed by pushing it into the mounting groove 4. The wider the width, the better, and the ventilation body 5 may be fitted and filled into the groove 4 without using an adhesive, or may be bonded with an adhesive. Also, the ventilation body 5
For example, a synthetic resin foam having an open cell structure, a felt-like or non-woven fiber structure, a coarse hair structure such as wood or animal hair, an inorganic fiber structure such as glass fiber or rock wool, etc. can be used.

In the second step, after the ventilation body 5 is fitted and filled into the mounting groove 4 in the first step, a synthetic resin foam insulation material 6 having a lattice-shaped communication groove 7 on the back side is formed as shown in FIG. This is the process of laying it on the top surface of the waterproof base 1. The foamed heat insulating material shown in Figures 11 and 12 is an example, and the back side of the heat insulating material has a width of 10 mm.
Thickness 25 with grid-like communication grooves 7 with a depth of 3 to 5 mm
~30mm, and the interval between the communicating grooves 7 should be around 100mm.

The important point here is to lay the heat insulating material so that the lattice grooves 7 are in parallel contact with the entered corner lines of the rising portion where the ventilation body 5 is attached. If the lattice groove spacing is narrow, any part of the cut surface of the insulation material may come into contact with the corner line, but if the lattice groove 7 spacing is narrow, the load bearing capacity will be poor, and the part that contacts the waterproof base 1, i.e. , the convex surface between the grooves 7 is likely to buckle and deform, reducing the degassing effect for preventing bulges.

In addition to the lattice-like communication grooves, the foam insulation material 6 also includes diamond-shaped communication grooves and honeycomb-like communication grooves, but the insulating material of the present invention has excellent load-bearing properties that prevent bulges. A lattice-like communication groove as shown in the example is preferable, and the above-mentioned parallel structure is optimal in relative combination with the corner line.

The insulation material 6 is laid from the periphery so that the rising corner line and the communication groove 7 have a parallel structure as described above,
The other central portion is a portion where the communication grooves 7 are vertical or horizontal, as long as they have some kind of communication relationship, and the grooves of adjacent heat insulating materials do not necessarily have to be parallel. In this example, the heat insulating material used has dimensions of 1×1 m. Synthetic resins such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, and vinyl chloride resin are suitable for the insulation material, and in the case of inorganic foams, glass foams can be used to form lattice grooves; It is not necessarily suitable for various applications due to its low buckling strength.

In the third step, after laying the heat insulating material 6, an inorganic reinforcing board 8 is placed on the entire top surface of the inorganic reinforcing board 8, and then the insulating material and the reinforcing board 8 are attached to the waterproof base using a holding plate 9 and fixing screws 10. 1 (FIG. 9). This inorganic reinforcing board 8 includes glass fiber reinforced gypsum board, asbestos slate board, light calcium board, etc.
The thickness and dimensions are arbitrarily selected depending on the intended use.

The inorganic reinforcing plate 8 for the heat insulating material 6 may be simply placed on the heat insulating material 6 without using an adhesive.

If the waterproof base 1 has unevenness, when laying the heat insulating material 6, apply adhesive in the form of dumplings and temporarily attach it, and at the same time adjust the unevenness of the base.
Care should be taken to ensure that the top surface of the heat insulating material 6 is flat.

After placing the reinforcing plate 8, the heat insulating material 6 and the reinforcing plate 8 are fixed to the waterproof base 1 using a holding plate 9 and fixing screws 10, and the holding plate 9 has a hole for a fixing plug in the center. It is a disk-shaped metal plate with a diameter of 60 to 65 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and is installed at intervals of 45 cm between adjacent joints of reinforcing plates measuring, for example, 3 by 6 feet.

Since the insulation material 6 is also a veneer structure and the reinforcing plate 8 is also a veneer structure, there is a risk that mutual joints may overlap, but this depends on the size of the insulation material and
This can be avoided by considering the dimensions of the reinforcing plate. The reinforcing plate 8 is placed so that a joint of 2 to 3 mm is provided between adjacent reinforcing plates, and fixing by the presser plate starts near the rising portion, that is, from the peripheral portion.

As a general rule, presser plates should be installed at the joints between the reinforcing plates, but in the peripheral areas, 5-6 mm in diameter should be installed at the points about 50-60 mm deeper than the reinforcing plates, and 20-30 mm in diameter should be placed on the waterproof base.
A hole is made with a drill to a depth of mm, a nylon plug of a predetermined length is driven in, and after abutting the holding plate 9, the fixing screw 10 is screwed in to fix the hole. The area other than the peripheral area is 2 to 3 as described above.
The reinforcing plate joints having an interval of mm are fixed in the same manner using the holding plate 9 and fixing screws 10.

In addition to the four sides of the reinforcing plate, there is one place in the center of the reinforcing plate.
Fix with a holding plate to prevent the reinforcing plate from floating.

After fixing to the waterproof base using the holding plate 9 and the fixing screws 10 in this way, a synthetic resin sheet (not shown) wider than the holding plate is placed on the upper surface of the holding plate, that is, at the joint area. Cover everything with adhesive.

In the fourth step, after fixing the heat insulating material and reinforcing plate to the waterproof base in the third step, as shown in FIG. At the same time, for the rising part 3, in order to facilitate deaeration by the deaeration vent 5, a notch part 19 is provided at the end part of the waterproof sheet, and then a step is performed in which the notch part 19 is bonded with an adhesive in the same manner as described above. It is. This waterproof sheet 11 is a vulcanized rubber sheet,
In addition to rubber waterproof sheets such as unvulcanized rubber sheets, plastic waterproof sheets such as vinyl chloride sheets, EVA sheets, chlorinated polyethylene sheets, or chlorosulfonated polyethylene sheets are suitable.

The waterproof sheet 1 is entirely bonded with an adhesive on the flat surface, that is, the surface on which the reinforcing plate 8 is installed. In this case, the adhesive used is a predetermined combination of adhesives depending on the waterproof sheet used, and the coating is applied on one or both sides using a trowel, a brush, a roller, or the like.

Prior to adhering the tarpaulin sheet 11 to the rising portion 3, the end portion of the tarpaulin sheet where the tarpaulin sheet 11 contacts the deaeration vent 5 is 60 mm wide (slightly wider than the width of the vent) and deep. After providing a notch 19 with a height of 30 to 40 mm, a waterproof sheet 11 is glued with a gap of about 10 mm below the chin of the top end 2 of the parapet.

In this case, the waterproof sheet 11 may be bonded only to the rising slab surface 3 without applying adhesive to the portion that contacts the vent 5.

In the fifth step, after constructing the tarpaulin sheet according to the fourth step, the ends of the tarpaulin sheet are
As shown in Figure 5, it has a covering tongue piece 13 in the center,
This is a step of fixing with a presser metal fitting having presser pieces 12 on both sides thereof and a normal presser metal fitting B.

This presser fitting A has a covering tongue piece 13 in the center, a water section 14 is provided on the outside (front side) at the lower part thereof, and a flush flat part a is formed on the upper part thereof. On both sides of the plane part a, a flat plane part a' is made to project, and a mounting surface c is provided on the upper part of the plane parts a and a' via an inclined part b.
A presser piece 12 is suspended from the lower part of the flat portion a' via a similar inclined portion b', and the presser piece 12 is attached to both sides of the covering tongue piece 13.
2, and side pieces 15, 15 having approximately the same length as the tongue piece 13 are provided across the tongue piece 13 and the presser piece 12 in order to prevent rainwater from blowing in from both sides of the covering tongue piece 13. , a presser metal fitting A having a recessed portion on the back surface of the flat portions a and a' is formed into a T-shape as shown in the figure. This covering tongue piece 13 has a width that matches the width of the vent 5 or is slightly wider, and has a length that is slightly longer than the notch 19 provided at the end of the waterproof sheet 11 in the rising portion 3. This presser metal fitting A is connected to a normal presser metal fitting B using a connecting metal fitting (not shown), and the covering tongue piece 13 is attached so as to cover the front surface of the notch 19, and a sealing material is applied to the back surface of the flat part a', that is, the recess 20. (not shown), it is fixed to the end portion of the waterproof sheet from the upper mounting surface c using screws 16 or the like. At this time, it is better not to fill the part that comes into contact with the vent with sealant.

The normal presser foot B has approximately the same shape as the presser foot A without the covering tongue piece 13, that is, the flat surface of the metal fitting A.
It has the same plane part as a', has the same slope parts b and b' of the fitting A on the top and bottom, has the same mounting surface c of the fitting A, the same mounting surface and holding piece as the holding piece 12, and has the same mounting surface and holding piece as the holding piece 12. It has a recess similar to the recess 20 and is made of aluminum or stainless steel hardware, and the recess is usually filled with a sealing material and then fixed to the rising slab with fixing screws. The lower holding piece of this hardware always holds down the end of the tarpaulin sheet, and its position should be such that the screw hole for the fixing screw inserted in the center of the raised part is 2 to 3 mm from the end of the tarpaulin sheet. is suitable.

After fixing the presser metal fitting A and the ordinary presser metal fitting B in the fifth step, the space between the metal fittings A, metal fitting B and the bottom of the chin of the top end 2 is sufficiently filled with sealing material 18,
Prevent rainwater from entering from this part. In addition to the oil-based caulking agent, the sealing material to be filled into the recesses on the back of metal fittings and hardware, as well as the aforementioned sealing material 18, may include an unvulcanized butyl sealant, a silicone sealant, a one-component or two-component urethane sealant, etc. Commonly used elastomeric sealants may be used. It is effective to apply the sealant 18 also on the head of the fixing screw 16 in spots.

The insulation and waterproofing method according to the present invention uses a synthetic resin foam insulation material having lattice-like communication grooves, so moisture from the waterproofing base is easily dispersed, and it is effective in preventing local bulges of the waterproof sheet. A deaeration vent was installed in the rising section from the corner line to the bottom of the top chin, and a heat insulating material with lattice-like communication grooves was laid so that the communication grooves were parallel to the rising slab surface, making it waterproof. Moisture from the substrate, adhesive solvent,
It becomes extremely easy to remove trapped air, etc., and bulge of the waterproof sheet can be completely prevented. The waterproof sheet in the ventilation part is provided with a notch to facilitate deaeration, and at the same time, the waterproof sheet is held down using a presser for the ventilation part to prevent rainwater from blowing in from this part. This allows for smooth degassing and eliminates the back intrusion of rainwater through the ventilation body. There is no need for a specially shaped extrudate for the vent, and a commercially available synthetic resin foam with an open cell structure can be used, as well as various other materials such as nonwoven fabric, felt, and rock wool structures. It has the following effects and is extremely effective.Furthermore, the presser for the vent section is a presser that has not been used at all in the past, and its effectiveness is of course important for carrying out the present invention. It also has the effect that it can be used for terminal treatment in waterproofing methods that use special extruded bodies.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an example of the implementation of the insulation and waterproofing method of the present invention. Figure 1 is a front view with a part cut away, Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3. Figures 4 to 10 are process diagrams, Figure 11 is a front view of the synthetic resin foam insulation material, and Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view that can be followed.
The figure is a bottom view, and Figure 13 is an enlarged front view of the main parts.
Figures 14 and 15 show lines 14-14 and 15-
This is a cross-sectional view along line 15, in which 1 is the waterproof base, 2 is the rising top, 3 is the rising slab, 4 is the vent installation groove, 5 is the vent for deaeration, and 6 is the synthetic resin foam insulation. 7 is a communication groove, 8 is a reinforcing plate, 11 is a waterproof sheet, 12 is a holding piece, 13 is a covering tongue piece, 14
15 is a water section, 15 is a side piece, and A is a presser metal fitting.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulation waterproofing method characterized by comprising the following steps. (b) A process of fitting and filling the ventilator for degassing from the waterproof base surface into the ventilator mounting groove on the rising slab surface to the full extent of the lower part of the rising top; (b) Composite structure having a lattice-like communication groove on the back side. (c) placing an inorganic reinforcing plate on the top surface of the insulation material; After that, the step of fixing these to the waterproof base, (d) At the same time, the waterproof sheet is fully adhered to the reinforcing plate with adhesive, and at the same time, a notch is provided at the abutting end of the waterproof sheet for the rising slab surface. (e) A presser foot with a cover tongue piece in the center that is approximately the same width or slightly wider than the vent and slightly longer than the notch, and a presser foot piece on both sides of the cover tongue piece. The process of fixing the end of the tarpaulin sheet under the chin at the top;