JP6130106B2 - Waterproof structure of external floor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof structure for an external floor of a building such as a veranda or a flat roof.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when forming a waterproof layer on a substantially horizontal external floor such as a veranda or a flat roof, a method of bonding a waterproof sheet entirely with an adhesive is known as described in Patent Document 1 below. This construction method is called a close contact construction method or an adhesion construction method. Furthermore, in order to improve the thermal environment in the building, a heat insulating material may be interposed between the floor base and the waterproof sheet. In this case, the floor base and the heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material and the waterproof sheet are generally bonded using an adhesive, respectively.

JP 2007-231044 A

  However, the conventional method using an adhesive between the layers has the following problems. That is, when the floor base is wet due to rain or the like, the adhesive strength of the adhesive is reduced, and the process is likely to fluctuate due to the influence of weather. In addition, it is necessary to prepare an appropriate type of adhesive for each of the adhesive used between the floor base and the heat insulating material and the adhesive used between the heat insulating material and the waterproof sheet, Adhesive management is difficult.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and even when the close contact method is used, an external floor in which the process is hardly affected by the weather and the management of the adhesive is easy. An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof structure.

The waterproof structure of the external floor according to the present invention includes a floor base, a plate-like heat insulating material provided on the floor base, a heat insulating material pressing plate provided on the heat insulating material, and a heat insulating material pressing plate. a tarpaulin provided, the parapet which rises along the periphery of the underfloor, is fixed to the inner surface of the parapet, e Preparations and end fixing hardware for preventing floating of the peripheral portion of the heat insulating material holding plate, the The heat insulating material and the heat insulating material pressing plate are fixed to the floor base by screws provided so as to reach the floor base from the upper surface side of the heat insulating material pressing plate, and the waterproof sheet is an abbreviation of the upper surface of the heat insulating material pressing plate. Adhered to the entire surface, the floor base has a plurality of ALC panels spanned by steel beams, and the screws are provided so that the tip reaches the area surrounded by the reinforcing bars inside the ALC panel. It has been.

According to the waterproof structure of the external floor, since the contact directly the underfloor is heat insulating material, for example even if the subfloor is wet immediately after rainfall, providing the heat insulating material on the subfloor Thus, the layer above the heat insulating material is not affected by the wet floor base, and the process is not easily affected by the weather even in the close contact method in which the waterproof sheet is bonded. Moreover, since the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material pressing plate are fixed to the floor base by screws, no adhesive is required for fixing the heat insulating material and the heat insulating material pressing plate to the floor base. Therefore, it is only necessary to prepare an adhesive between the heat insulating material pressing plate and the waterproof sheet, and the management of the adhesive is easy. In addition, the floor foundation includes a plurality of ALC panels that are bridged over the steel beam. Since the ALC panel is a porous material, it is difficult for the adhesive to adhere to it, and the adhesive is less likely to adhere in a wet state. Therefore, according to the waterproof structure of the present invention in which the adhesive is not directly used for the floor base, the above-described functions and effects are suitably exhibited even when the floor base has an ALC panel.

  Here, it is preferable that the waterproof sheet is bonded to the heat insulating material pressing plate with an adhesive. In this case, by adhering the waterproof sheet using a sticky adhesive, for example, when there is a step between the insulating material pressing plate and the screw, or when there is a gap between the two during an earthquake Even in this case, the adhesion performance can be reliably maintained.

  In addition, it is preferable that a slope is provided at the end portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate on the parapet side, and a water collecting groove along the inner surface of the parapet is formed. In this case, it is possible to easily form the water collecting groove simply by processing the end portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate, and it is possible to effectively collect rainwater and discharge it to the outside.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the joint tape was stuck on the joint part upper part of the heat insulating material pressing plate. In this case, since the gaps and steps in the joints of the heat insulating material pressing plate are covered with joint tape, when a person walks on the waterproof sheet, the corners of the heat insulating material pressing plate are placed. Can prevent the waterproof sheet from being damaged, and the waterproof performance can be maintained.

  According to the present invention, even if the close contact method is used, the process is not easily affected by the weather, and the management of the adhesive is easy.

It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part of FIG. It is sectional drawing along the VV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the VII-VII line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the IX-IX line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the XI-XI line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is a top view of the waterproof structure concerning a modification. It is sectional drawing of the conventional waterproof structure.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Each drawing is made for the purpose of explanation, and is drawn so as to particularly emphasize the target portion of the explanation. Therefore, the dimensional ratio of each member in the drawings does not necessarily match the actual one.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof structure 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the waterproof structure 1 is a structure in which a waterproof sheet 20 is provided on an outer floor 2 of a building such as a veranda or a flat roof and a parapet 3 that rises along a peripheral edge 2 a of the outer floor 2. The waterproof sheet 20 of the waterproof structure 1 forms a waterproof layer of the outer floor 2 by covering the entire surface of the outer floor 2 and the peripheral edge of the outer floor 2 to a predetermined height on the inner surface 3a of the parapet 3.

  The waterproof structure 1 has an outer floor 2, a parapet 3, and a waterproof sheet 20 bonded to the outer floor 2 and the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3. The external floor 2 includes a floor base 4 supported by a steel beam 9, heat insulating materials 11 and 12 laid in two layers on the floor base 4, and a heat insulating material pressing plate 13 laid on the heat insulating material 12. And have.

  The floor base 4 has a flat surface and receives the weight of the external floor 2 and the load applied to the external floor 2 to transmit it to the frame including the steel beam 9. The floor foundation 4 is composed of, for example, a plurality of ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) panels 6 spanned on a steel beam 9 made of H-shaped steel, and joint mortar 7 filled in joints formed between the plurality of ALC panels 6. And joint mortar 8 filled in a gap between the outer wall panel 10 and the ALC panel 6 constituting the parapet 3. The joint mortar 8 corresponds to the peripheral edge of the floor base 4. The ALC panel 6 has a rectangular plate shape. A substantially rectangular parallelepiped region 6a (see a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1) inside the ALC panel 6 is surrounded by a cross-shaped reinforcing bar arranged in two upper and lower stages.

  The heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are for improving the thermal environment in the building. Each of the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 is a foamed plastic heat insulating material molded into a plate shape. The heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are formed of, for example, phenol foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, or the like. The heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are laid almost entirely on the floor base 4. Since the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are fixed to the floor base 4 by a fixing screw 16 to be described later, no adhesive is provided between the floor base 4 and the heat insulating materials 11 and 12.

  The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 serves as a base for fixing the waterproof sheet 20 while pressing the heat insulating materials 11 and 12. Various plate materials can be used as the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. For example, as the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, a laminated material (GL), a single plate laminated material (LVL), a plywood (PW), a structural plywood, an oriented strand board (OSB), a particle board (PB), a low density particle board (LPB), hard board (HB), medium density fiber board (MDF), insulation board (IB), calcium silicate board, slate board, slag gypsum board, gypsum particle board (GPB), wood chip cement board (CPB), A hard wood cement board (century board), a pulp mixed cement board, a wood wool cement board, etc. can be used. As the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, a material having stickiness and high surface rigidity is suitable. This is to prevent the portion fixed by the screw from being broken (screw missing) when an upward force is applied to the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 due to negative pressure acting or the like. is there. The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is laid almost entirely on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 12. Since the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is fixed to the floor base 4 by a fixing screw 16 to be described later, no adhesive is provided between the heat insulating material 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13.

  The parapet 3 is composed of a steel beam 9 positioned below the peripheral edge 2 a and an outer wall panel 10 that stands along the joint mortar 8. That is, the parapet 3 stands up along the joint mortar 8 (the peripheral edge of the floor foundation 4). The outer wall panel 10 is an ALC panel, for example. The outer wall panel 10 protrudes above the outer floor 2 by a certain length.

  The waterproof sheet 20 provided on the outer floor 2 and the parapet 3 is made of, for example, a vinyl chloride sheet, a vulcanized rubber sheet, an asphalt sheet, an olefin sheet, or the like.

  In the waterproof structure 1 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are fixed by screws 16 fixed so as to reach the floor base 4 from the upper surface side of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. It is fixed to the floor base 4. Further, the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded by an adhesive 17 from substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and from the peripheral edge 2 a of the outer floor 2 to the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3. That is, the waterproof structure 1 employs a close contact method for the waterproof sheet 20 and employs fixing screws 16 for the lower layer portion of the waterproof sheet 20 without using an adhesive.

  The fixing screw 16 is provided in a region 6 a surrounded by reinforcing reinforcing bars in the ALC panel 6. That is, the tip of the fixing screw 16 reaches the region 6a. Thereby, when the fixed screw 16 is driven, the ALC panel 6 is prevented from being cracked by the impact force, and the heat insulating materials 11, 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are securely connected by the fixed screw 16. It is fixed.

  A washer 14 is arranged between the head of the fixed screw 16 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The washer 14 has a disc shape and is provided with a screw insertion hole for inserting the fixing screw 16 at the center. The screw insertion hole has a taper of the head (flat conical shape) of the fixing screw 16 around the screw insertion hole. Corresponding concave portions are formed, and the upper surface of the washer 14 and the upper surface of the head of the fixing screw 16 are substantially flush with each other. By engaging the washer 14, the reaction force per one place of the fixed screw 16 when the upward force is applied to the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 due to negative pressure, for example, can be increased, and the pitch of the fixed screw 16 is increased. Can be set large.

  As the adhesive 17, a viscous adhesive, that is, a pressure-sensitive adhesive is used. For example, as the adhesive 17, an adhesive such as neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, urethane rubber, or rubber asphalt can be used. By using a pressure-sensitive adhesive as the adhesive 17, there is a step between the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the fixing screw 16, or between the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the washer 14, or between the two during an earthquake. Even if a deviation occurs, the adhesion performance is reliably maintained. The adhesive 17 may be an adhesive having no viscosity (curing), for example, an epoxy, acrylic, or urethane adhesive.

  The waterproof structure 1 is preferably a combination of a waterproof sheet 20 made of a vinyl chloride sheet, a nitrile rubber adhesive 17, and a heat insulating material pressing plate 13 made of a structural plywood (or hard wood cement board). Alternatively, a combination of a waterproof sheet 20 made of a vinyl chloride sheet, a neoprene rubber adhesive 17, and a heat insulating material pressing plate 13 made of a structural plywood (or hard wood cement board) is preferable.

  On the inner side surface 3a of the parapet 3, a groove portion 3b extending in the lateral direction at a predetermined height position from the upper surface of the outer floor 2 is formed. The waterproof sheet 20 is laid to the vicinity of the groove 3b. The upper end portion 20a of the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded and fixed by a waterproof steel plate 18 disposed along the inner side surface 3a and the groove portion 3b. The waterproof steel plate 18 is fixed to the outer wall panel 10 with screws 19 in the groove 3b. The waterproof steel plate 18 has a surface coated with vinyl chloride. The waterproof steel sheet 18 adheres the waterproof sheet 20 to the surface by welding using a solvent or welding by heating, thereby fixing the waterproof sheet 20.

  According to the waterproof structure 1 of the present embodiment described above, since the heat insulating material 11 is in direct contact with the floor base 4, for example, even if the floor base 4 is wet immediately after the rain, By providing the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 on 4, the layers above the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 are not affected by the wet floor base 4, and in the adhesion method in which the waterproof sheet 20 is bonded, The process is less affected by the weather. Further, since the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are fixed to the floor base 4 by the fixing screws 16, an adhesive is used for fixing the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 to the floor base 4. Is considered unnecessary. Therefore, it is only necessary to prepare the adhesive 17 between the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the waterproof sheet 20, and the management of the adhesive is easy.

  Moreover, even if a gap occurs between the step between the heat-insulating material pressing plate 13 and the fixing screw 16 or between the two at the time of an earthquake by adhering the waterproof sheet using a sticky adhesive. Adhesion performance is reliably maintained.

  Since the ALC panel 6 is a porous material, it is difficult for the adhesive to adhere to it, and in the wet state, the adhesive is less likely to adhere, but the waterproof structure 1 does not directly use the adhesive on the floor base 4. According to the above, even when the floor base 4 has the ALC panel 6, the above-described functions and effects are suitably exhibited.

  Here, a region where the fixing screws 16 for fixing the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are not surrounded by the joint mortar 8 or the reinforcing reinforcing bars in the ALC panel 6 (region A in FIG. 1). For example, the joint mortar 8 and the ALC panel 6 may be misaligned and the predetermined function may not be exhibited. However, according to the waterproof structure 1, the fixing screw 16 is provided in the region 6 a surrounded by the reinforcing bars inside the ALC panel 6, so that the fixing screw 16 functions properly, and the heat insulating materials 11 and 12, the heat insulating material. The presser plate 13 and the waterproof sheet 20 bonded to the heat insulating material presser plate 13 are securely fixed. Further, the waterproof sheet 20 is securely fixed by the adhesive 17 without using the fixing screw 16 at the peripheral edge 2 a of the external floor 2. Therefore, quality can be stabilized.

  For example, in the conventional waterproof structure 100 using the insulation method as shown in FIG. 14, the fixing screw 116 for fixing the waterproof steel sheet 114 cannot be applied to the area A when fixing the waterproof sheet 120. The screw 116 has to be far from the parapet 3, and as a result, the waterproof steel plate 114 has become wider. In this case, an increase in material cost was inevitable.

  Moreover, in order to avoid an increase in material cost as in the waterproof structure 100, a structure in which the ALC panel is arranged so as to contact the parapet and the waterproof steel plate is miniaturized by hitting a fixing screw in the vicinity of the parapet can be considered. In this case, there is a problem that the rigid floor cannot be fixed.

  On the other hand, according to the waterproof structure 1, since the close contact method is adopted over the entire surface of the external floor 2, the material cost is reduced and the increase in the construction cost is suppressed. In addition, the rigid floor can be fixed.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1A according to the second embodiment. The waterproof structure 1A is different from the waterproof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that a heat insulating material pressing plate 13A in which a gradient is provided at the end portion 13a on the parapet 3 side is used instead of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. is there. The thickness, that is, the height of the end portion 13a of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13A gradually decreases as the parapet 3 is approached. According to this waterproof structure 1A, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structure 1 can be obtained, and a drainage function for suitably draining rainwater or the like to the peripheral edge 2a of the external floor 2 can be provided. 2 and the subsequent drawings, the joint mortar 7 is not shown.

  3 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1B according to the third embodiment, FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is taken along the line V-V in FIG. It is sectional drawing along. The waterproof structure 1B is different from the waterproof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that a gradient heat insulating material 21 is disposed on the side of the parapet 3 of the heat insulating materials 11 and 12, and a heat insulating material presser laid on the gradient heat insulating material 21. The presser bar 22 is provided to prevent the peripheral edge 13b of the plate 13 from being lifted. The gradient heat insulating material 21 is made of the same material as the heat insulating materials 11 and 12. The thickness, that is, the height of the gradient heat insulating material 21 is equal to the combined height of the heat insulating material 11 and the heat insulating material 12 in the portion farthest from the parapet 3 (the right end portion in FIG. 3). Yes. Further, the thickness, that is, the height of the gradient heat insulating material 21 is gradually reduced in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (see FIG. 5).

  The presser foot 22 is fixed to the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3. The presser bar 22 is made of an angle material having an L-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 4, the presser fixture 22 includes a vertical piece 22 a that is in contact with the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3, and a horizontal piece 22 b that is connected to the edge of the vertical piece 22 a and extends substantially horizontally. . The vertical piece 22 a is disposed between the inner side surface 3 a and the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The horizontal piece 22 b is disposed on the back side of the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The vertical piece 22a is fixed to the inner surface 3a of the parapet 3 by screws 23, and the horizontal piece 22b is fixed to the peripheral edge portion 13b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 and the gradient heat insulating material 21 by screws 24 driven from above the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. Fixed between. The presser foot 22 may extend in the lateral direction along the parapet 3, or may be provided as a spot at the positions of the screws 23 and 24. The peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is bent downward by the pressing metal 22 and the screw 24 so as to be along the upper surface of the gradient heat insulating material 21 having a gradient.

  With such a configuration, in the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B, the water collecting groove 26 (see FIG. 5) that is inclined downward as it approaches the parapet 3 and is also inclined in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 is formed. In the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B, the water collecting groove 26 can be easily formed simply by processing the end portion (the peripheral edge portion 13 b or the gradient heat insulating material 21) of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13.

  According to this waterproof structure 1B, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structures 1 and 1A can be obtained. Here, when the joint mortar 8 is filled in the gap between the parapet 3 and the ALC panel 6, the screws 11 are less likely to work in the portion close to the parapet 3, so that the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are fixed. However, according to the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B, since the presser foot 22 that prevents the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 from being lifted is fixed to the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3, the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is caused by wind or the like. Even when a negative pressure is applied to the peripheral edge portion 13b, the presser foot 22 prevents the peripheral edge portion 13b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 from being lifted. Moreover, it can prevent that the heat insulating material pressing board 13 and the waterproof sheet 20 are crushed and damaged. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, it has a function of collecting rainwater and the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 5), effectively collecting rainwater and discharging it outside. can do.

  6 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1C according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. The waterproof structure 1 </ b> C is different from the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the horizontal piece 22 b of the presser fitting 22 is arranged on the surface side of the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The horizontal piece 22 b is fixed between the waterproof sheet 20 and the peripheral edge portion 13 b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 by screws 24.

  According to the waterproof structure 1C, the same actions and effects as the waterproof structures 1, 1A, 1B can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 7, it has a function of collecting rainwater or the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 7), and can effectively collect rainwater and discharge it outside. .

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1D according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. The waterproof structure 1 </ b> D is different from the waterproof structure 1 </ b> B shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the vertical piece 22 a of the presser fitting 22 is arranged between the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3 and the gradient heat insulating material 21. The vertical piece 22a is fixed to the inner side surface 3a by a screw 23 driven before the gradient heat insulating material 21 is installed.

  According to this waterproof structure 1D, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structures 1, 1A, 1B can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 9, it has a function of collecting rainwater or the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 9), and can effectively collect rainwater and discharge it outside. .

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1E according to the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. The waterproof structure 1E is different from the waterproof structure 1B shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 in that the horizontal piece 22b of the presser bar 22 is arranged on the surface side of the peripheral edge 13b of the heat insulating material presser plate 13 and the presser bar 22 The vertical piece 22a is arranged between the inner side surface 3a of the parapet 3 and the peripheral edge portion 13b of the gradient heat insulating material 21 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The vertical piece 22a is fixed to the inner side surface 3a by a screw 23 driven before the gradient heat insulating material 21 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are installed.

  According to this waterproof structure 1E, the same operation and effect as the waterproof structures 1, 1A, 1B can be obtained. As shown in FIG. 11, it has a function of collecting rainwater and the like in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 (from the right side to the left side in FIG. 11), and can effectively collect rainwater and discharge it outside. .

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the waterproof structure 1F according to the seventh embodiment. This waterproof structure 1F is different from the waterproof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that a heat insulating material 41, 42, 43 having a three-layer structure is used instead of the heat insulating materials 11, 12, a waterproof steel plate 44 is used, And a joint tape 50 is used.

  The heat insulating material 41 is a foamed plastic heat insulating material made of polystyrene foam, and is made of a material rich in elasticity as compared with heat insulating materials 42 and 43 described later, and has irregularities on the ALC panel 6 and the joint mortar 8. Even if it does, it can absorb unevenness without being destroyed. The heat insulating material 41 also has a function of forming a water gradient on the external floor 2, and is laid on substantially the entire upper surface of the floor foundation 4. The heat insulating material 41 in the peripheral edge 2 a of the external floor 2 has a substantially trapezoidal cross section, and the upper surface thereof is inclined downward as it approaches the parapet 3. Specifically, the height of the heat insulating material 41 at the peripheral edge 2 a is equal to the height of the adjacent heat insulating material 41 at the portion farthest from the parapet 3, and gradually decreases as it approaches the parapet 3. The heat insulating material 41 in the region other than the peripheral edge portion 2a has a gentler slope than the heat insulating material 41 in the peripheral edge portion 2a, and as a whole, a ridge-shaped water gradient is formed on the outer floor 2 as shown in FIG. It is comprised so that.

  The heat insulating materials 42 and 43 are foamed plastic heat insulating materials made of phenol foam, polyethylene foam, etc., each formed into a plate shape like the heat insulating materials 11 and 12, and are equivalent to the heat insulating material 41 or from the heat insulating material 41. Also has high heat insulation performance. The heat insulating materials 42 and 43 are laid on substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material 41.

  The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is laid on substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material 43. The heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is fixed by a fixing screw 16 that penetrates the heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43 and the tip reaches the floor base 4. The heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43 are It is fixed to the floor base 4 without using an adhesive.

  The waterproof sheet 20 is provided over substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13, the inner side surface 3 a of the parapet 3, and the upper end surface of the parapet 3, and the upper surface, the inner side surface 3 a, and the parapet 3 of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. It is bonded to the inner peripheral side portion of the upper end surface of the adhesive by an adhesive 17. A waterproof steel plate 44 is provided on the outer peripheral side portion of the upper end surface of the parapet 3. The waterproof steel plate 44 is a substantially L-shaped angle material, and has a surface coated with polyvinyl chloride. The waterproof steel plate 44 is provided so as to extend to the outer peripheral side of the parapet 3 continuously to the portion where the adhesive 17 is applied on the upper end surface of the parapet 3 and to be bent downward at the outer peripheral end of the parapet 3. .

  Moreover, in the waterproof structure 1F of this embodiment, the heat insulating materials 42 and 43 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 in the peripheral edge 2a and the heat insulating material 42 adjacent to the inside of the joint portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are provided. , 43 and the heat insulating material presser plate 13 are covered with a joint tape 50 so as to cover the gap S formed between them. That is, the joint tape 50 is affixed to the upper part of the joint part of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13. The joint tape 50 is made of, for example, polyethylene, and an adhesive is applied to one surface thereof.

  Thus, when the joint part of the several heat insulating material pressing board 13 is covered with the joint tape 50, when a pressure is applied to the upper surface of the waterproof sheet 20 by a pedestrian or a gravity object, for example, the heat insulating material pressing board 13 It can prevent that the corner | angular part damages the waterproof sheet 20. FIG.

  Moreover, when the joint tape 50 is not affixed, the some heat insulating material pressing board 13 mutually expands and contracts, the space | interval of the clearance gap S changes, and local stress is repeatedly generated in the waterproof sheet 20, and is damaged. Although the zero span tension may occur, in the waterproof structure 1F of the present embodiment, since the gap S formed between the heat insulating material pressing plates 13 is covered by the joint tape 50, the expansion and contraction of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is caused. Therefore, local stress can be prevented from being generated in the waterproof sheet 20, and damage can be avoided.

  Further, when the joint tape 50 is not applied, the adhesive 17 or the like may accumulate in the gap S, and the waterproof sheet 20 swells and swells due to the organic solvent or moisture remaining in the adhesive 17. However, in the waterproof structure 1F of the present embodiment, since the adhesive 17 does not accumulate in the gap S when the joint tape 50 is applied to the upper part of the gap S, the waterproof sheet 20 is formed by the adhesive 17. The problem of swelling can be prevented.

  By the way, a mechanical fixing method (insulating method, floating pasting method) has been used as a high outer heat insulating method capable of stacking a large number of heat insulating materials. However, in this mechanical fixing method, for example, a peripheral portion near a parapet, etc. There is a problem that it is necessary to use a large number of waterproof steel sheets for 2a, which requires a great deal of cost. In addition, there is a problem that high skill is required to weld a sheet to a waterproof steel plate having a complicated shape.

  On the other hand, according to the waterproof structures 1 and 1A to 1F of the above-described embodiment, a waterproof steel plate is not necessary at the peripheral edge portion 2a, the material cost can be suppressed, and a construction method that does not require high skill is adopted. it can.

  In addition, as a construction method that does not use fixing brackets such as the above-mentioned waterproof steel plate, there is an adhesive construction method in which a heat insulating material or the like is adhered using an adhesive. However, the adhesive construction method is difficult to manage the adhesive. There is room for improvement in that the outer heat insulation method cannot be realized and the heat insulation is lower than the machine fixing method.

  On the other hand, according to the waterproof structures 1 and 1A to 1F of the above embodiment, the heat insulating materials 11 and 12 or the heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are provided on the upper part of the ALC panel 6. Since the heat insulating materials 11, 12 or the heat insulating materials 41, 42, 43 and the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 are fixed to the floor base 4 by the fixing screws 16, the management of the adhesive is facilitated and the high outer heat insulating method is used. Can be realized.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. For example, the heat insulating material is not limited to a two-layer structure including two heat insulating materials 11 and 12 or a three-layer structure including three heat insulating materials 41, 42, and 43. It may be a multilayer structure composed of four or more heat insulating materials. The screw for fixing the presser foot 22 may be a drill screw or a nylon plug screw. The floor foundation is not limited to the case of the ALC panel 6 but may be a PC (precast concrete) panel. Moreover, it may consist of wooden panels, such as steel deck plates, folded plate roofs, RC slabs in RC (steel reinforced concrete) buildings, and structural plywood in wooden buildings. Furthermore, the present invention is applicable even when the parapet 3 is not provided.

  In particular, by applying the waterproof structure according to the present invention to a floor base made of a deck plate, high waterproof quality can be maintained as follows. In other words, when a waterproof sheet is applied to the floor base consisting of a deck plate by a machine fixing method (insulation method, floating pasting method), the waterproof sheet floats, so the sheet flutters during strong winds such as typhoons, This fluttering vibration is transmitted to the fixed screw. If the steel plate of the deck plate is thin (for example, 1 mm or less), since the resistance to rotation is small, the fixed screw may rotate and loosen due to flapping vibration, and eventually the fixed screw may come off and the waterproof sheet may fly off. is there. In addition, the rotation of the fixed screw proceeds, and after a certain amount of time, the fixing degree by the fixed screw is low, so the vertical vibration of the seat disk increases, and by repeating this, the screw head hits the waterproof sheet many times and is damaged, Eventually, the screw head may break through the waterproof sheet and leak water. On the other hand, in the waterproof structure according to the present invention, the waterproof sheet is bonded almost entirely to the heat insulating material pressing plate. Therefore, even when the floor base is made of a deck plate, the waterproof sheet does not flutter during strong winds, and the above phenomenon caused by the rotation of the fixed screw does not occur, and high waterproof quality can be maintained. it can.

  In the second to sixth embodiments, the example in which the presser foot 22 is arranged on the peripheral edge portion 13b of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 has been described. However, the peripheral edge portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate 13 is not bent as in the second embodiment. When the insulating material pressing plate 13 has a predetermined stickiness and strength (for example, a structural plywood having a thickness of 9 mm or more, an OSB having a thickness of 12 mm or more, an MDF having a thickness of 9 mm or more, a thickness of 15 mm or more) The particle board, the hard wood cement board with a thickness of 12 mm or more, the pulp-mixed cement board with a thickness of 12 mm or more, etc., do not require the presser foot 22, and only the fixing screw 16 as in the first embodiment. 13 can be fixed.

  Moreover, in waterproof structure 1A-1F of 2nd-7th embodiment, since the upper surface of the heat insulating material 41 inclines below as the parapet 3 approaches in the peripheral part 2a, rainwater etc. are suitable for the peripheral part 2a. Although a drainage function for draining can be provided, the drainage function can be more suitably exhibited by providing a gradient in the direction along the parapet of the peripheral edge 2a.

  Specifically, as shown in the modified example of FIG. 13, for example, the height of the heat insulating material 41 is gradually reduced also in the lateral direction along the parapet 3 so that rainwater collects in the drain X provided at the lowermost portion of the water. By being configured in this way, it becomes difficult to form a puddle on the upper surface of the peripheral edge portion 2a, and rainwater or the like can be discharged to the drain X more suitably. In addition, about the part of the heat insulating material 41 of the peripheral part 2a, when the height of the waterproof sheet surface of the peripheral part 2a which has a predetermined | prescribed gradient will exceed a limit because the length of the peripheral part 2a is too long. Can be dealt with by preventing the lateral direction along the parapet 3 from being inclined or by adding the drain X as appropriate.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A-1F ... Waterproof structure, 2 ... External floor, 3 ... Parapet, 3a ... Inner side surface, 4 ... Floor foundation, 6 ... ALC panel, 7, 8 ... Joint mortar, 9 ... Steel beam, 11, 12, 41 , 42, 43 ... heat insulating material, 13 ... heat insulating material pressing plate, 13b ... peripheral edge, 16 ... fixing screw (screw), 17 ... adhesive (adhesive), 20 ... waterproof sheet, 22 ... pressing metal (end fixing) Hardware), 50 ... joint tape, S ... gap.

Claims (5)

A floor base, a plate-like heat insulating material provided on the floor base, a heat insulating material pressing plate provided on the heat insulating material, a waterproof sheet provided on the heat insulating material pressing plate, A parapet that rises along the peripheral edge of the floor base, and an end fixing hardware that is fixed to the inner surface of the parapet and prevents the peripheral edge of the heat insulating material pressing plate from being lifted ,
The heat insulating material and the heat insulating material pressing plate are fixed to the floor base by screws provided so as to reach the floor base from the upper surface side of the heat insulating material pressing plate,
The waterproof sheet is bonded to substantially the entire upper surface of the heat insulating material pressing plate,
The floor base comprises a plurality of ALC panels spanned over steel beams,
A waterproof structure for an external floor, wherein the screw is provided so that a tip of the screw reaches a region surrounded by a reinforcing bar inside the ALC panel.   The waterproof structure for an external floor according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof sheet is bonded to the heat insulating material pressing plate with an adhesive.   The waterproof structure for an external floor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the floor base includes a plurality of ALC panels spanned over steel beams.   The end of the heat insulating material pressing plate on the parapet side is provided with a gradient, and a water collecting groove along the inner surface of the parapet is formed. Waterproof structure of the external floor.   The waterproof structure of the external floor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a joint tape is affixed to an upper part of the joint portion of the heat insulating material pressing plate.

Images