JPH0241455A - Structure for reinforcing matrix consisting of netlike tubular unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject structure, capable of producing even large-sized products at a high speed and suitable as reinforcing units, etc., such as FRP or concrete, by arranging tubular units of fibers having a specific tensile elastic modulus in the longitudinal direction and connecting the transverse direction. CONSTITUTION:The objective structure obtained by running yarns or rovings having a high elastic modulus of >=2000kg/mm<2> tensile elastic modulus in the longitudinal direction to form a coarse mesh netlike unit of >=2mm mesh, rolling the netlike unit into tubular units (1a), (1b) and (1c), arranging the tubular units in parallel, connecting the tubular units in the transverse direction with rodlike substances (2a), (2b) and (2c), e.g., iron, and integrating the units.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] a. Industrial application field The present invention is a three-dimensional structure made of a coarse tubular network made of high elastic modulus fibers, which is used for reinforcing three-dimensional structures such as FRP and concrete. Ru.

b, f & Problem 1 to be solved by the next technology and the present invention
As a means of reinforcing three-dimensional structures such as plastics and concrete, short fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers are generally mixed into a matrix of resin or concrete. The reinforcing effect is small considering the amount.

Therefore, three-dimensional textiles have attracted attention in recent years (for example,
Textile Machinery Society Journal, January 1986 issue, pages 56-61).

However, the production speed of this three-dimensional fabric is extremely slow, making it unsuitable for use in large quantities and cheaply as a commercially available S lending material. In addition, the equipment cost is too high to manufacture large products with complex equipment. The resulting product also has threads entwined in a complicated manner, making it impossible to maintain the straightness of the threads, and even if fibers with a high elastic modulus are used, they have little effect on bending elastic modulus.

Three-dimensional fabrics and short fibers are placed in a matrix such as FRP.
In order to impart Jt f-porosity, it is often necessary to perform an anchor treatment on the surface of the t&i fibers. Therefore, a step of coating with an anchor agent is required at the thread stage or at the product stage, which not only complicates the process but also increases manufacturing costs.

Means for Solving Problem C1 The present invention enables even large products to be manufactured at high speed and at low cost.
As a result of our research into a matrix J-body reinforcement structure with good performance, we found a tube structure 14 in which fibers with high elastic modulus form a coarse mesh.ff! It has been found that this can be realized by using -r. Furthermore, by combining the reinforcing elements, a good three-dimensional reinforcement effect was achieved. For this purpose, in a mesh having a structure in which fibers are arranged in the longitudinal direction of this mesh tubular body, at least the tensile modulus of the fibers arranged in the longitudinal direction must be 2000 kg
As a result of experiments, it has been found that it is necessary to use fibers with a diameter of 2 mm or more, and that the mesh structure thereof needs to have a mesh size of 2 ff1ff1 or more, preferably 5 mm or more.

The necessary conditions for configuring the mesh of the coarse-grained tubular body will be discussed in detail below. First, we prototyped a mesh tubular body using various fibers with different tensile moduli, and then put a structure in which the respective tubular bodies were combined into epoxy resin, polyester resin, polypropylene resin, and concrete as a reinforcing matrix to form a three-dimensional structure. We made a prototype and conducted tests such as flexural modulus, creep resistance test, and impact test to examine the reinforcing effect. On the other hand, ordinary fibers such as nylon 6, nylon 66, polyester, and polypropylene, which have a modulus of elasticity lower than 2000 kg/mm2, have no reinforcing effect or only have a slight reinforcing effect. makes no sense.

On the other hand, ultra-stretched polyethylene fibers, high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol fibers (Vinylon Nato), glass fibers, carbon fibers, alumina fibers (Kevlar, etc.) with an elastic modulus of 2000 kg/mm2 or more Both had a reinforcing effect. It can also be used with metal fibers such as steel fibers and amorphous metal fibers, and ceramic fibers such as alumina fibers. These fibers are not only used alone, but also in combination with different types of fibers (
It is also possible to combine or mix fibers (not necessarily high elastic modulus fibers).

The morphological types of yarn include monofilament, multifilament, spun yarn, flant yarn, low pink,
Strings, robes, etc. can be used.

Experiments have also shown that yarns or rovings made of these high modulus fibers have a structure in which they run in the vertical direction of the tubular body, and the reinforcing effect is low unless the fibers in the vertical direction are hardly bent. The result i1 is clear. However, it is not necessary that all the threads forming the warp direction are high elastic modulus fibers. Even if the vertical direction is not vertical, it will have a certain reinforcing effect, but if it is tilted by 30 or 40 degrees with respect to the vertical direction, the effect will be less. In tubular bodies made from ordinary woven or knitted fabrics, the yarns are bent and the reinforcing effect is low. However, non-woven fabrics made from yarn or roving (Special Publication No. 51-9067, Special Publication No. 53-3878)
3), diagonal triaxial nonwoven fabric (Special Publication No. 62-54904), multiaxial nonwoven fabric, or filament winding method (hereinafter referred to as intersecting thread nonwoven fabric), the threads are arranged substantially linearly. All tubular bodies made from aluminum have a good reinforcing effect. These intersecting yarn nonwoven fabrics have vertical, horizontal, or diagonal yarns fixed to each other with adhesive, and by making this adhesive hard, it can be made into a self-supporting structure as a tubular body. is now possible. In addition, by appropriately selecting this adhesive, it is possible to create a thread that has increased affinity with the matrix, and the reinforcing effect of the matrix can be further enhanced. For materials made from woven or knitted materials, not only is it difficult to make the tubular body self-supporting, but in most cases it cannot be used as a reinforcing material unless it is treated with an anchor coating agent that has an affinity for the matrix. be. However, even in woven and knitted fabrics, the threads arranged in the vertical direction of the tubular body are made of high elastic modulus fibers, and the other threads are made of relatively thin or soft threads, and the linearity of the threads arranged in the vertical direction is If it is not disturbed, the weave is made into a coarse woven fabric such as a leash weave, and it is hardened with an eye cream, it can be used as the net-like body of the present invention.

The mesh is indicated by the distance from adjacent yarns, which is 2 mm.
The shorter ones take longer to fill the matrix,
Not only is it impractical, but the filling pressure can distort the tubular body.
The designed structure as a three-dimensional reinforced structure cannot be achieved. In the case of an impregnated matrix lα form with a certain degree of viscosity, 5
It is desirable that the mesh has a mesh size of mm or more. However, even if only a part of the intersecting nonwoven fabric is formed into a tubular body by rolling or folding it into a tubular body, or only a part of the intersecting nonwoven fabric has a dense structure that exhibits a reinforcing effect in a specific direction, the tubular body The tubular body can be used in the present invention if it has many coarse mesh parts as a whole and does not impede impregnation of the matrix.

With concrete, it depends on the size of the gravel in it.
Unless the mesh was at least 10 mm or more, the above disadvantages occurred. In addition, for concrete reinforcement, experiments have shown that by using an adhesive with hydrophilic groups as the adhesive that joins the mesh, the affinity with the concrete increases and the reinforcing effect increases. These include hydroxyl groups (polyvinyl alcohol adhesives), acetic acid groups (vinyl acetate adhesives), epoxy groups, carboxylic acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, and the like.

The shape of the tubular body made of these meshes may be a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, or a polygonal prism having more than that. Further, even a polygonal prism with some of its sides curved can be used in the present invention. In any case, the longitudinal direction of the tubular body needs to be thread or roving made of fibers with a high elastic modulus.

From a coarse mesh body made of rovings and threads, it is possible to
The structure of the present invention is also formed by rolling or bending a crossed nonwoven fabric of threads such as a cloth, a triaxially crossed nonwoven fabric, or a multiaxially crossed nonwoven fabric to form a tubular body.

The present invention is not only to use the above-mentioned tubular bodies alone, but also to combine a plurality of them to form a three-dimensional reinforced structure.

There are roughly two ways to combine the mesh tubular bodies.

One method is to arrange a plurality of these tubular bodies in parallel, connect them in the horizontal direction of the tubular bodies with an object having a high elastic modulus, and then reinforce and fix them together. As the object having a high elastic modulus, threads made of high elastic modulus fibers, coarse cross-woven nonwoven fabrics, reinforcing bars, metal plates, vibrators, or lobes made of high elastic modulus fibers are also used. In the case of threads or cloth-like bodies, it is possible to have a structure in which they are wound in the horizontal direction so as to integrate the whole of the juxtaposed tubular bodies. It is preferable that the thread or coarse cloth to be wound is coated with a shim 18 adhesive, or that it is fixed with adhesive after being wound. The reinforcing bars or lobes become a structure that penetrates the tubular body in the horizontal direction through a coarse mesh and integrates the tubular body. Reinforcing bars, iron plates, pipes, etc. are lined up horizontally on the parallel tubular body, and the adhesive and
It becomes a structure that is fixed with fixtures and threads. The parallel tubular bodies do not necessarily have to be on the same plane, and even if they are arranged in a cylindrical or curved manner, the axes of the tubular bodies are parallel to each other, and the tubular bodies are arranged in parallel. It is sufficient if the fibers are taken together and connected with high elastic modulus fibers.

Another way to combine the tubular bodies is to intersect the plurality of tubular bodies obliquely or orthogonally. This is a method of combining tubular bodies, similar to log cabins, Yokura-zukuri, Gassho-zukuri, structures that combine logs and square timbers. A rather complex structure involves arranging a large number of them in parallel at regular intervals in the horizontal direction, and then placing a large number of them in parallel at regular intervals in the perpendicular direction on the upper stage. By repeating this process and vertically inserting tubular bodies into gaps at regular intervals in the resulting three-dimensional structure, it is also possible to form a three-dimensional laminated structure of tubular bodies. If recesses are provided in the portions where these tubular bodies come into contact with each other so that the intersections can be more easily integrated, the structure will have a more reinforcing effect. After combining them, they can be left as they are, or they can be fixed with adhesive, metal fittings, or tied with thread to fix them to each other.

The method of combining these tubular bodies will also be specifically described in the description using the drawings.

By fixing the ends of the tubular body used and applying tension to the threads in the vertical direction of the tubular body, it is possible to create a structure in which the elastic modulus of the thread works more effectively, even with a small amount of fiber. It is also an effective means for producing a more reinforcing effect.

The matrix reinforced by the structure of the present invention includes thermosetting resins such as ebogishi resin and unsaturated polyester resin, thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene resin, fluorinated resin, liquid crystal resin, and polyimide resin, as well as soil and asphalt. It is used to reinforce civil engineering and construction materials such as , plaster and concrete, ceramics such as carbon, and metals such as aluminum.

09 Explanation with drawings An example of the structure of the present invention is shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 (a) is an example of a reticular body that constitutes a tubular body.
There is an example (C) of an orthogonally laminated nonwoven fabric made of yarns in which the warp threads and the weft threads intersect linearly and are fixed with an adhesive. 1st
Figure (b) is an example of a diagonally crossed triaxial nonwoven fabric made of yarn, in which threads diagonally crossed with respect to the warp threads are fixed with an adhesive. In any case, the warp threads are arranged in a straight line,
It is necessary that at least this warp yarn is made of high elastic modulus fiber.

Figure 2 (a) is an example of a tubular body made by rolling the cross-woven non-woven fabric a.Since the joint R of the non-woven fabric (body patch) has a high thread density, this part should be particularly reinforced. By arranging it on the side, it is possible to further enhance the reinforcing effect.This cylinder is provided with a number of recesses such as a and a' as necessary, making it possible to tighten the tubular shape. When matching, intersecting at this part will improve the fit.Figure 9 (b)
shows an example of a square prism.

Figure 3 shows an example in which tubular bodies are arranged in parallel and reinforced in the horizontal direction with reinforcing bodies.
Arrange c... in a row, and use iron bar-shaped materials (preferably with holes in the middle) 2 t, 2b, 2c...
The two walls are integrated in the horizontal direction to form a wall-like 4I structure. Fig. 3 (b) shows a structure in which tubular bodies 3a, 3b, 3 (-...) arranged in a cylindrical shape are wrapped and integrated with lobes, '4' made of high elastic modulus fibers, and are integrated into a columnar structure. This is an example.

Figure 4 shows an example in which the tubular bodies are bent at right angles, and only a portion of it is shown to avoid complexity.a5
a, 5b, 5c ・1.6a, 6b.

6C... are vertically arranged tubular bodies, and although the tubular bodies 6 are not shown, they are arranged at regular intervals to the left in the figure. , 7a, 7b, 7c...and 8a, 8b, 8
C... are arranged so as to intersect in the horizontal direction. Insert a tubular body parallel to the tubular body 8 between 5a, 5 b - 5C..., and insert a tubular body parallel to the tubular body 7 between 6a, 6b, 6c... It is also possible to do so.

e. Effects In the industry, there is a demand for a three-dimensional reinforcement body that has a simple structure, has good quality (reinforcing effect) for large products, and is low in cost, and the present invention has made this possible.

The effects of the present invention will be specifically described below.

The tubular body made of TI yarn has a simple structure - C1 large-sized products can be easily manufactured.

As for the quality, since the yarn is substantially straight, the high elastic modulus of the fiber can be fully utilized. In addition, the adhesive used to form the net-like body has a good affinity with Madnox, and the hardness of the adhesive makes the tubular body rigid and improves workability. Furthermore, since it has a coarse structure, the permeability of the matrix is also good.

The greatest feature of the present invention is that it combines tubular bodies with simple structures to form a three-dimensional reinforcing body, and the method of combining silk to maximize the three-dimensional reinforcing effect is
This makes it possible to create structures that can be designed freely. In addition, it is possible to assemble a three-dimensional structure at the construction site, so in the case of large structures such as concrete reinforcement, only the basic tubular body can be produced and transported to the site, and the design can be carried out on site. It is possible to assemble it. Therefore, there is no need to transport a large three-dimensional structure, and on-site construction is easy.

Therefore, the manufacturing equipment is simple, the process is simple, and the reinforcing effect is good, so the reinforcing effect can be achieved with a relatively small amount of fiber waste, resulting in a low-cost structure.

On the other hand, in conventional methods using general woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, or hose knitted fabrics, separate steps are required to create a rigid structure that is self-supporting. It also has no affinity for the matrix of the thread body. 5+ for woven and knitted fabrics
It is difficult to efficiently manufacture structures with coarse grains of nm or more. In terms of quality, in the conventional method, the yarn is bent and the elastic modulus of the fiber cannot be fully demonstrated. What's more, the idea of making a simple three-dimensional reinforcement by tying these tubular bodies together has never existed before.

This is an example in which it is combined with

Explanation of symbols a and a' are the recesses R provided in the tubular body. La, Ib, and lc are the parallel tubular parts. body 2a, 2b, 2
c is iron rods 3a, 3b, 3c are circularly arranged in parallel; tubular body 4 is wound yarn 5a, 5b made of high elastic fiber;
, 5c is a tubular body 6a, 6b, Gc is a tubular body 7a, 7b, 7c is a tubular body 8a, 8b, 8c is a tubular body Applicant: Polymer Processing Research Institute Co., Ltd.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a net-like body that can be used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an example of a tubular body according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an example in which tubular bodies are arranged in parallel and the horizontal direction of the tubular bodies is integrated with iron rods.・Figure 4 shows the tubular body vertically and horizontally.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. The following (a) to (d) made of thread or roving
A matrix reinforcing structure consisting of a reticular tubular body having the following structure. (a) A tubular body made of a coarse mesh having a mesh size of 2 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more, in which threads or rovings are orthogonal or oblique; (c) At least a part of the yarns or rovings arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tubular body has a tensile modulus of elasticity of 2000 kg/
The tubular body is made of fibers with a high elastic modulus of mm^2 or more, and (d) the tubular body has self-sustainability due to the elastic modulus of the constituent fibers themselves or the hardness of the adhesive impregnated into the threads or bonded between the threads. have 2. Made of thread or roving, mesh pitch is 2m
An orthogonal or oblique nonwoven fabric with a length of 5 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more, is rolled into a cylinder or an elliptical cylinder, or is bent into a polygonal prism, and one direction of the threads arranged crosswise is For reinforcing a matrix, the tubular body is made of a net-like tubular body that is oriented in the vertical direction of the tubular body, and at least some of the threads arranged in the vertical direction are fibers with an elastic modulus of 2000 kg/mm^2 or more. Structure. 3. A plurality of the net-like tubular bodies according to claims 1 and 2 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and the tubular bodies are connected by an object having a high elastic modulus so that the tubular bodies have a high elastic modulus in the horizontal direction. A matrix reinforcing structure consisting of multiple reticular tubular bodies. 4. A matrix reinforcing structure comprising a plurality of net-like tubular bodies according to claim 1 or 2, which are assembled so as to be orthogonal or oblique to each other. 5. Claims 1 and 2 are for reinforcing a matrix consisting of a reticular tubular body characterized by reinforcing concrete by having a mesh of at least 10 mm or more and having a hydrophilic group in the high modulus fiber or the adhesive fixing it. Structure. 6. 5. A matrix reinforcing structure comprising a net-like tubular body as claimed in claim 4, wherein recesses are provided in portions of the net-like tubular body that intersect perpendicularly or obliquely to each other so that the intersections can be integrated. 7. A matrix reinforcing structure comprising a net-like tubular body according to claim 1, wherein the ends of the tubular body are fixed and tension is applied in the longitudinal direction of the tubular body.