JPH0239734Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Field of industrial application) The present invention relates to a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer, and in particular, various processing operations such as cutting, grinding, and honing can be performed with one machine tool. The present invention relates to a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer capable of changing tools.

(Prior art) Conventionally, for example, when a workpiece that has been cut is further honed, it is performed using a separate honing machine, but this honing machine is very expensive, increases equipment costs, and requires installation space. The drawback was that the space could not be used effectively. In addition, honing requires manual attachment and detachment of the work each time, which has the drawback of being troublesome, time-consuming, and inefficient.

Therefore, it is possible to automate a series of machining operations by installing a honing tool on a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer. However, when the honing tool is removed from the spindle of the machine tool, oil leaks from the joints of the hydraulic passages, resulting in a disadvantage that it cannot be put to practical use as it is.

(Purpose of the invention) The present invention eliminates such drawbacks and even if a series of machining operations from cutting to honing are automated, when the honing tool is removed from the spindle of the machine tool, There is no oil leakage from the joints of the hydraulic passages, and the machining work can be performed easily and quickly. Space can be used effectively, and the machine is equipped with an extremely efficient and economical automatic tool changer. The purpose is to provide machine tools with improved performance.

(Structure of the invention) Therefore, the feature of the invention is that a tool magazine in which a plurality of tools are mounted at predetermined intervals on the outer periphery is equipped with hydraulic pressure inside via a spindle head that pivotally supports the spindle. The honing tool is provided with a honing tool that expands the grinding wheel radially outward by being supplied with the honing tool, and the honing tool and the spindle are each provided with a valve body and a pin, so that when the tool is attached to the spindle, the hydraulic passage is automatically opened. The hydraulic passage is opened and the hydraulic passage is automatically closed when detached, thereby automating a series of machining operations.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the illustrated example.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer according to the present invention, in which numeral 1 denotes a rectangular parallelepiped head placed on a floor 2. FIG.

Two rails 3 are laid on the top surface of the bed 1 in the longitudinal direction (from the left end to approximately the center in FIG. 2), and a ball screw 4 is provided between the rails 3. A saddle 5 is slidably mounted on the bed 1 via the rail 3, and is moved longitudinally on the bed 1 by power from a drive source 6 such as an electric motor. Further, on the upper surface of the saddle 5, two rails 7 and a ball screw are provided like the bed 1, and a table 8 is slidably mounted via the rails 7, and a drive source 9 such as an electric motor is mounted. is moved in a direction perpendicular to the movement of the saddle 5. Therefore, the table 8 is configured to be movable in the front and rear and left and right directions, and in the illustrated example, it moves from an area approximately at the center of the bed 1 to the left side.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a spindle head that pivotally supports the spindle 10a, and is provided on the right side from the approximate center of the bed 1, and is configured to be slidable in the vertical direction by the power of a drive source (not shown) such as an electric motor.
This spindle head 10 also moves via two rails 12 in the same way as the saddle 5 and table 8. Further, the holder portion 1 of the spindle head 10
The tip of the rod 15 of the balance cylinder 14 is fixed to the balance cylinder 3, supporting the weight of the spindle head 10 and making vertical movement smooth. 16 is a column provided in the bed 1 so as to accommodate most of the spindle head 10;
The balance cylinder 14 is disposed on the upper surface of the holder 6 to support the guide portion 13a of the holder portion 13.

17 is an automatic tool changer, and a device main body 18 is disposed on the top surface of the column 16.
and a shaft 19 which is rotatably attached to the device main body 18 and whose rotation angle is controlled by a rack and pinion mechanism (not shown).
, a disk-shaped tool magazine 20 fixed to the tip of the shaft 19, and a cylinder 21 that moves the tool magazine 20 forward and backward.

A plurality of claws 22 are arranged on the tool magazine 20 at predetermined intervals over the entire length of the outer peripheral edge,
A cutting/grinding tool (not shown) is attached to each of the claws 22 . In order to mount the tool on the spindle 10a, the tool magazine 20 is rotated by a predetermined angle while protruding forward to move the desired tool to the lowest position, and the spindle head 10a is raised as shown in the imaginary line to correspond to the tool attached to the claw 22 at the lowest position, and the tool magazine 20 is retracted so that the desired tool is placed on the spindle 10a.
will be installed on the Next, the spindle head 1
By lowering the spindle 10a and rotating the spindle 10a by the power of a drive source 23 such as an electric motor, a workpiece (not shown) set on the table 8, which is waiting at a predetermined position, is processed. In this way, a machine tool equipped with the automatic tool changer of the present invention is constructed. Note that the tool magazine 20
A cover 11 is provided.

The tool magazine 20 is equipped with a honing tool 24 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The honing tool 24 is configured to honing the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece by expanding a grindstone 25 provided at the tip radially outward when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the inside through the spindle head 10. has been done.

Specifically, the honing tool 24 includes a main body part 27 whose proximal end side is fitted into the mounting part 26 of the spindle 10a, a holder part 28 that rotatably holds the main body part 27, and a main body part 27. The rod 29 is slidably inserted into the rod 29.

The main body portion 27 is connected to the claw 22 of the tool magazine 20.
A lip portion 30 is provided to be clamped to the proximal end, and a tapered portion 31 is formed on the proximal end side.
A locking portion 32 having a diameter of 2a is provided protruding from the end of the tapered portion 31. When the tapered part 31 of the main body part 27 is fitted into the tapered part 26a of the mounting part 26, the ball 33 installed in the inner part of the mounting part 26 is locked to the bulged part 32a, and the main body Spindle 1 is attached to part 27 (honing tool 24).
A rotational torque of 0a is transmitted.

Further, an insertion portion 34 formed in a rod shape is provided on the distal end side of the main body portion 27 to be inserted into a hole drilled in the workpiece, and the insertion portion 34 is inserted through a misalignment absorbing member 35. It is connected to the main body part 27. The rod 29 is inserted into the insertion portion 34 so as to be able to move forward and backward, but the rod 29 is divided into two parts, one rod 29a is inserted into the insertion portion 34, and the other rod 29b is inserted into the main body portion 27. When inserted, it is normally in a retracted state due to the urging force of the coil springs 36 and 37 (when no hydraulic pressure is applied). Further, a bulging portion 38 is formed at the distal end of the insertion portion 34, and a plurality of windows 39 are opened in the bulging portion 38 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, a head portion 40 which is housed in the bulge portion 38 and can move freely back and forth is fixed to the tip of the rod 29a. A tapered surface 41 is formed. A grindstone holder 43 is disposed on this tapered surface 41 and is pressed by a pair of ring-shaped springs 42. The grindstone 25 is fixed to the grindstone holder 43, and the diameter of the grindstone 25 is adjusted as the head section 40 moves forward. The grindstone 25 is expanded outward. Reference numeral 44 denotes a guide portion provided at the tip of the bulging portion 38, and the honing tool 24 is smoothly inserted into the hole drilled in the workpiece by the guide portion 44.

On the other hand, a pair of bearings 45 are installed inside the holder section 28, and the main body section 27 is rotatably held via the bearings 45, and the hydraulic pressure is communicated with a hydraulic passage 46 provided in the main body section 27. A supply passage 47 and a hydraulic discharge passage 48 for discharging leakage of the hydraulic pressure supplied to the working chamber 27a of the main body portion 27 are provided.

Reference numeral 49 denotes an oil leak prevention mechanism, which includes a first valve 50 fitted in the holder part 28 in the axial direction of the spindle 10a, and a positioning block 10a on the mounting part 26 side of the spindle head 10. The second valve 51 is provided at the second valve 51.

Specifically, the first valve 50 includes a cylinder 52 communicating with the hydraulic pressure supply passage 47, a rod 53 housed in the cylinder 52, and a spring 54 externally fitted on the distal end side of the rod 53. and a ball 56 as a valve body that closes the connection port 55 opened in the cylinder 52 by the biasing force of the spring 54.

On the other hand, the second valve 51 has a hydraulic chamber 58 communicating with a supply port 57 to which hydraulic pressure is supplied from a hydraulic source (not shown), and a hydraulic chamber 58 and the cylinder 52.
a passage 59 connecting the two valves, a rod 60 having one end inserted into the hydraulic chamber 58 and the other end protruding outside the second valve 51, a spring 61 housed in the hydraulic chamber 58, and the spring 61. is energized by the rod 60 and presses the rod 60 to open the hydraulic chamber 5.
Ball 6 as a valve body that shuts off 8 and passage 59
2, and a rod 63 that is provided in the passage 59 and presses the ball 56 of the first valve 50. Note that a large diameter hole 64 into which the cylinder 52 fits is formed at the outer end of the passage 59.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the holder portion 28 is provided with a third valve 65 that is arranged in parallel with the first valve 50, and is connected to the main body through the hydraulic discharge passage 48. It communicates with the spring 37 side in 27. The third valve 65 is configured similarly to the first valve 50, and in the figure,
The same numbers are indicated with a suffix a. The tip of the cylinder 52a of this third valve 65 fits into a connecting portion 66 connected to a tank (not shown). 67
68 is a large diameter portion into which the cylinder 52a fits, and 69 is a rod that presses the ball 56a housed in the cylinder 52a. In this way, the first, second and third valves 50, 51,
65 also constitutes an oil leakage prevention mechanism 49.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a rotation regulating member attached to the holder portion 28, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, it is attached to the holder portion 28 so as to be slightly movable with a pair of bolts 71, and is provided with a through hole. The cylinder 52 is fitted into the through hole 72, and a spring 73 is inserted into the through hole 72. Further, a protrusion 74 is provided in a protruding manner on the rotation regulating member 70 .
4 corresponds to the notch groove 76 of the flange portion 75 protruding from the main body portion 27 . Reference numeral 80 denotes a stop with which the rod 60 of the second valve 51 comes into pressure contact.

When the honing tool 24 is removed from the spindle 10a, the rotation regulating member 70 is moved by the biasing force of the spring 73, and the protruding portion 74 engages with the notch groove 76 of the flange portion 75. Rotation of the main body portion 27 is restricted. Also,
Simultaneously with the rotation restriction, the ball 56 of the first valve 50 is pressed by the urging force of the spring 54 to close the connection port 55, and the ball 62 of the second valve 51 is pressed by the urging force of the spring 61. The ball 56a of the third valve 65 is pressed by the biasing force of the spring 54a to close the connection port 55a. In addition, at the time of attachment, the hydraulic passage 46 is brought into an open state by an operation opposite to the above-mentioned operation.

Oil leak prevention mechanism 49 configured in this way
Accordingly, when the honing tool 24 is attached to the spindle 10a, the hydraulic passage 46 (the first valve 50, the second valve 51, and the third valve 6
5 and the tank) are automatically opened, and the hydraulic passage 46 (the first valve 50, the second valve 51, and the third valve 65 and the tank) is automatically closed when detached. can do. That is, when the honing tool 24 is attached to the spindle 10 via the oil leak prevention mechanism 49, the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pressure source 77 is adjusted by the pressure reducing valve 78, as shown in FIG. By the switching operation, the hydraulic pressure supplied to the working chamber 27a of the main body part 27 through the hydraulic passage 46 presses the rod 29, and the head part 40 moves in the direction of the pressing operation, so that the grindstone 25 is moved outside the radius. It will be expanded in this direction.

Next, an example of use of a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer according to the present invention will be described.

(1) Rotate the tool magazine 20, select a desired tool from the plurality of tools loaded in the tool magazine 20, and place the desired tool at the lowest position. At this time, the tool magazine 20 is in a state of moving forward as shown by the imaginary line in FIG.

(2) Raise the spindle head 10 to correspond to the selected tool position.

(3) The tool magazine 20 is retracted to the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2, the tools are mounted on the spindle 10a, and then lowered to a predetermined height position.

(4) The table 8 on which the workpiece is set is moved back and forth and left and right to correspond to the tool attached to the spindle 10a, and predetermined machining operations such as cutting are performed.

(5) After completing the machining work, move the table 8 to the left in FIG.
By raising the tool again, the tool mounted on the spindle 10a is moved to the claw 22 of the tool magazine 20.
Clamp.

(6) Move the tool magazine 20 along the imaginary line to remove the tool from the spindle 10, and then rotate the tool magazine 20 to bring the honing tool 24 attached to the tool magazine 20 to the lowest position. Deploy.

(7) The tool magazine 20 is retracted again to the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2, the honing tool 24 is mounted on the spindle 10a, and then lowered to a predetermined height position.

(8) Move the table 8 to the right in FIG. 2 so that it corresponds to the honing tool 24 attached to the spindle 10a, and honing the workpiece.

(9) After the honing operation is completed, the table 8 is moved to the left in FIG. Clamp with claws 22.

(10) Move the tool magazine 20 forward again as shown in the imaginary line and remove the honing tool 24 from the spindle 10a.

A series of machining operations are automatically performed by repeating the operations (1) to (10) above. During the operations (7) and (10), the honing tool 24 and the Ball 56, 62, 56
a, an oil leak prevention mechanism 49 comprising rods 60, 63, 69 and springs 54, 61, 54a prevents hydraulic passages 46 (first valve 50 and second valve 50, valve 51, the third valve 65, and the tank) are automatically opened, and the hydraulic passage 46 (the first valve 50, the second valve 51, and the third valve 65) are automatically opened. tank) is automatically closed, so there is no fear of oil leakage when the honing tool 24 is attached or detached.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the honing tool 24
In the state where is detached from the spindle 10a,
The protruding portion 74 of the rotation regulating member 70 is the flange portion 75
The rotation of the main body part 27 with respect to the holder part 28 is restricted, and the spindle 10a
The honing tool 24 is automatically and smoothly attached to the honing tool 24.

(Effects of the invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above, various processing operations such as cutting, grinding, and honing can be performed with one machine tool, and an expensive honing device is not required. Since this is no longer necessary, equipment costs can be significantly reduced, and space can be used more effectively. In addition, when the honing tool is removed from the spindle of the machine tool, oil does not leak from the joint of the hydraulic passage, and a series of machining operations from cutting to honing can be automated, eliminating the need for manual honing. There is no need to attach or detach the workpiece, and processing operations can be performed easily and quickly, resulting in labor savings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the same, Fig. 3 is an enlarged side view showing the main parts of the honing tool, and Fig. 4 is the same partially cutaway side view. FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view, FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional side view of the main body on the hydraulic discharge passage side, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the engagement state of the regulating member, and FIG. 7 is a hydraulic circuit diagram. 10... Spindle head, 10a... Spindle, 17... Automatic tool changer, 20... Tool magazine, 24... Honing tool, 25... Grindstone, 46... Hydraulic passage, 49... Oil leak prevention mechanism, 50...first valve, 51...second valve, 54,61...spring, 56,62...
Ball, 60, 63... Rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer that selects a desired tool from a tool magazine in which a plurality of tools are mounted at predetermined intervals on the outer periphery and mounts it on the tip of a spindle head that pivotally supports a spindle, The tool magazine is equipped with a honing tool that expands the grinding wheel in a radial outward direction by supplying hydraulic pressure therein through a spindle head,
A first valve body is provided at the upstream end of the hydraulic passage inside the honing tool and is urged outwardly by a spring to close the hydraulic passage, and a first valve body is provided at the downstream end of the hydraulic passage inside the spindle head by a spring. a second valve body biased outward to close the hydraulic passage, and located at a rear end of the honing tool and a front end of the spindle head, respectively, at positions opposite to the first and second valve bodies; The first
and a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer, characterized in that first and second rods are provided protrudingly for moving the second valve body in the opening direction of the hydraulic passage.