JPH0239711B2 - HIITOHONPUSOCHI - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

B. Technical Field The present invention relates to an improvement in a heat pump device that can be used, for example, to generate high-temperature water vapor using heat recovered from heated wastewater or the like. B. Prior Art Heat pumps have recently come to be used in various fields from the standpoint of effective use of heat. In a conventional heat pump, as shown in FIG. 1, the following cycle is configured. That is, the working medium liquid absorbs heat from the outside in the evaporator 1 and evaporates, and the generated vapor is sucked into the compressor 3 via the separator 2. The steam that has been compressed by the compressor 3 to increase its temperature and pressure is then liquefied by discarding heat to the outside in the condenser 4, is throttled and expanded by the expansion valve 5, and reaches the separator 2. The liquid separated from the vapor by the separator 2 is supplied to the evaporator 1. Such a heat pump, for example, supplies heated waste water from a factory or the like to an evaporator 1 through a pipe 6 as a heat source, and supplies cooling water to a condenser 4 through a pipe 7, thereby utilizing the heat recovered from the heated waste water. It is used in applications such as obtaining high-temperature water vapor. Here, to explain the case where Freon (R-114) is used as a refrigerant with specific numerical values, refrigerant vapor at 40℃ and 3.47ata from evaporator 1 is converted to 120℃ and 21.11ata by compressor 3. When the cooling water is compressed to a temperature of about 118°C and sent to the condenser 4, the cooling water supplied to the condenser 4 through the pipe 7 can be taken out as water vapor at about 118°C. However, under the current energy situation, especially when higher temperature output is required, the power of the compressor 3 must be increased, resulting in a large amount of electric power being consumed. C. Purpose of the Invention The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems of conventional heat pumps. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump device that requires less power and has a high energy-saving effect. D. Structure of the Invention The heat pump device of the present invention includes a nozzle 9 for causing a high-temperature, high-pressure saturated refrigerant liquid from the condenser 4 to flow through as a high-speed vapor flow, a high-speed vapor flow from the nozzle 9, and a high-speed vapor flow that is sucked into the nozzle 9. a nozzle 9 for passing refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 1;
and a coaxial diff user 10; A separator 2 is provided. E. Effect of the Invention The high-temperature, high-pressure saturated refrigerant liquid that exits the condenser 1 becomes a high-speed vapor flow when flowing through the nozzle 9 of the ejector 8, and enters the diffuser 10 while sucking refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 1. do. As the refrigerant vapor progresses through the diffuser 10, its flow rate decreases and at the same time its pressure is restored. The refrigerant vapor, which has recovered its pressure, is separated from the refrigerant liquid by the separator 2 and then guided to the compressor 3. The ejector 8 constricts the pressure P ₁ of the driving steam (liquid) with the nozzle 9 and converts it into velocity energy, and lowers the static pressure at the outlet of the nozzle 9 to generate steam at a pressure P ₂ slightly higher than this low static pressure. is sucked in, mixed with the driving steam and flowed down at high speed, and the static pressure is restored by the diffuser 10 to a pressure _P3 higher than the suction pressure _P2 . This results in the same result as compression for the suction steam, and from the standpoint of thermal action, the ejector 8 can be called a thermocompressor. F. Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, as described above, the inlet pressure of the compressor is increased, and as a result, the work of the compressor is reduced, making it possible to reduce the power. In other words, it is possible to provide a heat pump device with a high energy-saving effect that can produce a higher temperature output than the conventional one with the same power. G. Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described. In FIG. 2, parts that are the same as those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. First, referring to FIG. 2, the outlet side of the evaporator 1 is connected to an ejector 8, which will be described later, via a refrigerant pipe a.
It is connected to the steam inlet 12 of the Further, the outlet side of the condenser 4 is connected to the driving liquid inlet 11 of the ejector 8 via a refrigerant pipe b. The ejector 8 is further connected to the separator 2 through a refrigerant pipe c. The vapor outlet of this separator 2 communicates with the suction port of the compressor 3 via the refrigerant line d, as in FIG. The liquid outlet of the separator 2 is connected to the inlet side of the evaporator 1 through a refrigerant pipe e provided with an expansion valve 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the ejector 8 includes a nozzle 9 and a diff user 10 that extend coaxially with each other. A driving liquid inlet 11 connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 4 communicates with a nozzle 9 which opens into a chamber 13 which communicates with a steam inlet 12;
And a differential user 10 that also opens into the chamber 13
and are located axially apart from each other. It is advantageous to arrange the pair of nozzle 9 and diffuser 10 with their axes vertical in order to prevent problems caused by adhesion of droplets and the like. Reference numeral 14 denotes a conical member (for example, a needle) disposed coaxially within the nozzle 9 and movable back and forth in the axial direction, and is driven by a servo motor 15. This servo motor 15 moves the conical member 1 to the nozzle 9 depending on the load of the heat pump.
The amount of refrigerant circulation is controlled by adjusting the axial position of 4. In order to achieve such control, a refrigerant tank 16 is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 6 that connects the condenser 4 and the ejector 8, and the liquid level of the refrigerant tank 16 is adjusted to keep the liquid level constant. A device 1 for electrically controlling a servo motor 15 according to the
7 can be provided. Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described. The high-temperature, high-pressure saturated refrigerant liquid discharged from the condenser 4 once flows into the refrigerant tank 16, and from there proceeds to the driving liquid inlet 11 of the ejector 8 through the refrigerant pipe b. When this saturated refrigerant liquid passes through the nozzle 9, it expands adiabatically and turns into a high-speed vapor flow, which enters the diffuser 10 while sucking the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 1 flowing into the chamber 13 from the vapor inlet 12. As these refrigerant vapors progress through the diffuser 10, their flow velocity decreases and at the same time their pressure recovers. After leaving the diffuser 10, the refrigerant vapor is separated into gas and liquid by the separator 2, and then passes through the refrigerant pipe d to the compressor 3.
be led to. The refrigerant liquid separated from the vapor by the separator 2 reaches the evaporator 1 via the refrigerant pipe e and the expansion valve 5. In this way, the inlet pressure of the compressor 3 is increased by the pressure recovered by passing through the ejector 8, and the work of the compressor 8 is reduced. The table below shows the results of the trial calculations for an ideal gas.

[Table] As is clear, the heat pump device according to the present invention exhibits a much larger coefficient of performance than the conventional example,
It can be seen that less power is required for the same load. Note that further energy savings can be achieved by adjusting the power according to the load, and this embodiment is controlled in this manner. That is, when the load is small, for example, when the amount of refrigerant condensed in the condenser 4 is small, the liquid level in the refrigerant tank 16 decreases, and in response, a device such as a level indication controller is activated. 17 causes the servo motor 15 to advance the conical member 14 into the nozzle 9, thus reducing the amount of refrigerant liquid circulated. When the load is large, control is performed to increase the amount of refrigerant liquid circulated, contrary to the above description.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a conventional heat pump device, FIG. 2 is a flow sheet of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the ejector portion of FIG. 2. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Evaporator, 2... Separator, 3... Compressor, 4... Condenser, 5... Expansion valve, 6... Heat source pipe line, 7... Cooling water pipe line, 8... Ejector, 9...
... Nozzle, 10 ... Diffuser, 14 ... Conical member, 15 ... Servo motor, 16 ... Refrigerant tank, 17 ... Level indication controller.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A nozzle for causing high-temperature, high-pressure saturated refrigerant liquid from a condenser to flow down as a high-speed vapor stream, and for causing both the high-speed vapor stream and refrigerant vapor from an evaporator sucked into the nozzle to flow down. an ejector comprising a diff user located coaxially with the nozzle; and a separator for receiving refrigerant from the diff user and separating it into refrigerant vapor to be sucked into the compressor and refrigerant liquid to be delivered to the evaporator via an expansion valve; A heat pump device comprising: 2. The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle and the diffuser, which are coaxial with each other, extend vertically. 3 The ejector is coaxial with the nozzle,
The heat pump device further comprises a conical member disposed so as to move forward and backward in the axial direction toward the inside of the nozzle, and the axial position of the conical member is adjusted according to the load of the heat pump device. A heat pump device according to claim 1. 4. A refrigerant tank provided in the middle of a refrigerant pipe connecting the condenser and the ejector, a servo motor that drives the conical member, and a device that controls the servo motor according to the liquid level of the refrigerant tank. The heat pump device according to claim 3, further comprising: