JPH0235912B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a technique for drying materials to be dried in a line using solar heat.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in industrial or commercial processes, a drying chamber with a predetermined high temperature atmosphere is provided in a part of the process in order to dry sheet metal to be coated, laundry, etc. in a short time.

However, these drying rooms use electricity, gas, flammable fuel, etc. as energy sources to raise the indoor atmospheric temperature and maintain the specified room temperature, and the fuel cost is approximately proportional to the operating time. there was. This leads to an increase in costs due to the recent rise in fuel costs, which in turn leads to an increase in product costs. For this reason, a drying room that uses sunlight as an energy source has been proposed, but since the room temperature of the drying room is determined by the amount of solar irradiation, the room temperature fluctuates significantly throughout the day or throughout the seasons, making it difficult to achieve a uniform temperature distribution. It was unsuitable for the required drying after painting. Accordingly, there has been a desire for a drying apparatus that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and can also reliably dry objects to be dried in a short period of time in the same way as conventional drying apparatuses.

[Purpose of the Invention] The present invention has been made in response to the above-mentioned needs, and it saves energy by using sunlight to raise the atmospheric temperature in the drying room and bring it to a predetermined temperature. It is easy to keep the room at a specified high temperature for a long time through
It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar drying device that dries objects to be dried in a short time.

[Configuration of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the solar drying device of the present invention has the following configuration: a drying chamber that has a transparent plate on the wall that transmits sunlight and guides the sunlight into the interior; A line equipped with a rotation means for guiding an object and rotating the object to be dried according to an incident angle of sunlight; and a leakage prevention means for preventing warm air from leaking from an entrance into the drying chamber of the line. , A rectangular plate that reflects sunlight is curved in the direction of its short side to form a gutter-like light reflecting part, and the light reflecting part is rotated to a position where the sunlight reflected by the light reflecting part is focused. The drying method is performed so that the temperature fluctuation from the target room temperature is within a predetermined range according to the movement trajectory of sunlight and the target room temperature of the drying chamber. Its gist is to include: a light-concentrating and heat-storing means placed on the floor of the room;

Here, the target room temperature is the optimal room temperature for the coated object to be dried, and room temperature fluctuations include the difference between the room temperature at the start of the drying process and the target room temperature, and the room temperature that has risen excessively during the day. This is a general term for the difference from the target room temperature.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show the solar drying apparatus of the first embodiment, in which A shows a front view, B shows a right side view, and C shows a left side view. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a passage connecting the drying chamber 2 and the outside, which is inclined upward toward the drying chamber as shown in the figure, and which also serves as a means for preventing leakage of warm air as will be described later. Both walls are constructed of a double-layered glass 3 that transmits light and has a heat insulating void layer for thermally insulating the inside of the passage 1 and the drying chamber 2 from the outside. 4 is an auxiliary heat collecting device protruding from the drying chamber 2, and 5 is the drying chamber 2.
This cooling device is provided on the roof of the drying chamber 2 and includes a fan for appropriately discharging warm air inside the drying room 2 that is warmed and moved upward by natural convection or forced convection device 13 described later. 6 is a burner as an auxiliary heating device to enable use of the solar drying apparatus in all weather conditions, and 7 is a ventilation pipe that guides the air warmed by the burner 6 into the drying chamber 2.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of FIG. 1 above. FIG. 2A shows a cross-sectional view along AA′ in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional view along BB′. In the figure, 8 indicates a light condensing heat storage device as a light concentrating heat storage means. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the condensing heat storage device 8. As shown in the figure, the condensing heat storage device 8 is made by bending an inexpensive and easy-to-process metal plate such as a zinc plate, and has a reflecting section that reflects light rays. 8a, and a heat storage section 8b, which is a black tube filled with sand, soil, etc. having a large specific heat, to receive the light beam reflected by the reflection section 8a, absorb the energy well, and store heat. Furthermore, the light reflecting section 8a
is formed to be rotatable as shown by the arrow in FIG. 3 with the heat storage section 8b as the central axis, and even after the arrangement of the condensing heat storage device 8 has been determined, the light reflection section 8a can be adjusted as appropriate according to the incident angle of the sunlight. It can be rotated. Therefore, by rotating the light reflecting part 8a, the amount of sunlight collected by the light reflecting part 8a, that is, the light collecting efficiency can be changed depending on the target room temperature of the drying room, the season, etc.

In this example, the arrangement of the condensing heat storage devices 8 in the drying chamber is as shown in FIG. The figure shows a schematic perspective view of the floor of the drying chamber 2.
In this example, we assume that the surface shown in the front view of Figure 2A is facing south, which is the most preferable installation method for the solar drying device, as will be described later.
The arrangement of the condensing heat storage devices 8 is determined. Therefore, the fourth
As shown in the figure, most of the condensing heat storage device 8 has its light reflecting portion 8a facing south, which is suitable for concentrating sunlight incident during the day. 4A in the diagram
Despite the above-mentioned reason, the light-reflecting part 8a of the partial condensing heat storage device 8 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the drawing, that is, in the east and west directions suitable for the incidence conditions of the morning sun and the setting sun, so that the morning sun and the setting sun can be selectively detected. The light is focused on. As will be described later, it is desirable to change this arrangement appropriately in order to make effective use of sunlight. Therefore, it is not limited to the example shown in Fig. 4, and may vary depending on the facility conditions of the solar drying equipment, the season, working hours, etc. It is designed with a degree of freedom so that it can be arranged optimally depending on various conditions such as target room temperature. For example, in winter, not only the part 4A in the figure but also the part to the right of it can be arranged in the east and west directions.

In this way, since there is a degree of freedom in the rotation and arrangement of the condensing heat storage device 8, the concentrating heat storage device is arranged according to the movement trajectory of the sun and the target room temperature, and the temperature fluctuation from the target room temperature is kept within a predetermined range. That's what I do.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a line forming a part of the process that connects the passage 1 and the drying chamber 2.
The hook 10 is slid along the line 9 by an electric motor (not shown), and the material to be dried 11 is introduced into the drying chamber 2 from the outside through the passage 1, and the material to be dried 11 is moved in the horizontal direction in the drawing for a predetermined period of time. It is reciprocated and transported outside through passage 1 again. At this time, line 9
The hook 10 rotates on its own axis at a predetermined number of rotations, and therefore the object to be dried 11 suspended from the hook 10 also reciprocates in the drying chamber 2 while rotating at a predetermined number of rotations. Reference numeral 12 denotes a temperature sensor disposed near the center above the drying chamber 2. In FIG. 2B, 13a is a part of the forced convection device 13, which has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped shape, and sucks warm air that accumulates upwards due to natural convection inside the drying chamber 2 from its upper opening, and moves the inside of the drying chamber 2 vertically. This is a ventilation path for sending the sucked warm air into the main body of the forced convection device 13 that extends in the direction. The forced convection device 13 is connected to the adjacent blower device 14
It communicates with This blower device 14 blows out warm air from the ventilation path 13a taken into the forced convection device 13 by the operation of a fan 15 attached to the outside of the drying chamber 2 as shown by the arrow in the figure, thereby drying the material 11 to be dried. It is designed to be able to do this efficiently. Reference numeral 16 denotes an auxiliary convection device that introduces air warmed by the burner 6 through the ventilation pipe 7 and guides it to the blower device 14 . Also, the surface of the auxiliary heat collecting device 4 is formed of a double-layered glass 3 like the passage 1 and the drying chamber 2, and the inside thereof has a heat collecting plate 17 stretched around the center of the device as shown in the figure. . The heat collecting plate 17 is made of, for example, a metal plate coated black, which absorbs sunlight, especially infrared rays, and emits heat. Since the auxiliary heat collecting device 4 with this structure is installed at a lower position than the floor of the drying chamber 2, only the coldest air in the drying chamber 2, that is, the air with the highest specific gravity, is dried by natural convection. It works by sucking air from near the floor of the chamber 2 as shown by the arrow, warming it with the amount of heat possessed by the heat collecting plate 17, and then discharging only warm air with a low specific gravity into the drying chamber 2 again. Reference numeral 18 compares the actual room temperature information from the sensor 12 with the target room temperature from the air temperature setting device 19, in which the operator inputs the fact that he/she wants the inside of the drying chamber 2 to be at a desired room temperature, and controls the temperature appropriately to maintain the room temperature constant. An electronic control unit for operating the cooling device 5 or the burner 6 is shown.

The present solar drying apparatus configured as described above efficiently dries the material to be dried 11 as described below.

First, when this solar drying device is irradiated with sunlight, etc., it passes through the double-layered glass 3 and passes through the passage 1, the drying chamber's condensing heat storage device 8, and the auxiliary heat collecting device 4.
A heat collecting plate 17 inside effectively converts the irradiated light into thermal energy. At this time, as described above, the thermal energy within the auxiliary heat collecting device 4 efficiently warms the air within the drying chamber 2, but the thermal energy within the passage 1 also has a similar effect. That is, as shown in FIG. 1A, the passage 1 has an upward slope toward the drying chamber 2. Therefore, among the warm air in the passage 1, those whose temperature is higher than the warm air in the drying chamber 2 are guided into the drying chamber 2 by natural convection, and conversely, the warm air in the drying chamber 2 flows into the passage 1. Air whose temperature is lower than that of the warm air flows into passage 1. Therefore, the thermal energy in the drying chamber 2 is always maximized with the aid of the passage 1 and the auxiliary heat collecting device 4. Information on the room temperature inside the drying chamber 2 is inputted to the electronic control circuit 18 by a temperature sensor 12 provided inside the room, and is inputted to the electronic control circuit 18 in advance by the temperature setting device 19.
The room temperature is compared to the operator's desired room temperature set at . When the room temperature in the drying chamber 2 has not reached the target room temperature, such as when there is not enough sunlight or when drying at extremely high temperatures, the electronic control unit 18 operates the burner 6 and uses the fan 15 to control the air blower. Warm air is sent into the drying chamber 2 from 14. When the room temperature inside the drying chamber 2 rises due to sunlight and the burner 6 and reaches the target room temperature, the burner 6 is stopped and an electric motor (not shown) is activated to guide the material to be dried 11 into the drying chamber along the line 9. At this time, the warm air in the drying chamber rises due to natural convection and accumulates only near the ceiling, which may not dry the material to be dried 11 efficiently. The warm air is forcibly moved downward, and the air blower 14 blows the warm air onto the material to be dried 11 to increase drying efficiency. When the sunlight becomes stronger and the room temperature inside the drying chamber exceeds the target room temperature, the electronic control device 1
8 operates the fan of the cooling device 5 to exhaust the air in the drying chamber 2 whose temperature has risen the most, that is, the air near the ceiling, to the outside, thereby lowering the room temperature to the target room temperature.

By performing this series of operations appropriately depending on the room temperature inside the drying chamber 2, the inside of the drying chamber 2 becomes constant at the room temperature desired by the operator, and the material to be dried 11 is transported inside the drying chamber 2 using the line 9. If the drying process is made back and forth within a predetermined period of time, an efficient and accurate drying process can be achieved.

In addition, the light-concentrating heat storage device 8 is arranged so that the light-reflecting portions 8a are oriented in a direction suitable for collecting daytime sunlight, the morning sun, and the setting sun. and by changing the arrangement of the condensing heat storage device 8. In other words, since the condensing heat storage device 8 is arranged according to the trajectory of the sun's movement during the day or the four seasons and the target room temperature of the drying room, the following effects are obvious.

The light collection efficiency of the morning sun and sunset can be increased throughout the four seasons, and the light collection efficiency of daytime sunlight can be maintained at a predetermined state throughout the four seasons.For example, by rotating the solar collector 8 facing south, the light collection efficiency can be increased during the summer The same level can be achieved in winter. Therefore, the solar drying device of this example aims to raise the temperature considerably at the beginning of the drying process, uses sunlight extremely effectively until sunset, and also keeps the drying room open for a considerable period of time even after sunset. 2. Keep the inside temperature at a high temperature and prevent the room temperature of the drying room from rising excessively during normal working hours, for example from 8:00 a.m. to around 5:00 p.m. This is a solar drying device that can easily maintain a predetermined temperature throughout the year. For this reason, room temperature adjustment using the burner 6 is only necessary in very limited cases, such as on rainy days, and energy savings can be realized at all times. Furthermore, since the hook 10 of the line 9 for suspending the dried material 11 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed, the sunlight that passes through the glass 3 and directly irradiates the dried material 11 is absorbed by the dried material 1.
The dried material 11 is dried uniformly over the entire surface of the material 11, and no unevenness occurs in the drying state of the material 11, and good drying can be achieved.

The structure and effects of the first embodiment have been described in detail above, and this solar drying device utilizes sunlight as a heat source. Therefore, it is preferable that the front view shown in Figure 1 A faces south, and since it emits more heat energy in proportion to the amount of sunlight, it should be placed in a place where there are no buildings etc. around and will not be shaded by the sun. It is preferable to be institutionalized. More preferably, if the present solar drying device is installed on the roof of a certain building, the sunlight hours will increase, and the material to be dried 11 will be brought into the drying chamber 2 from a process located at a lower location than the solar drying device. The leading passage 1 inevitably has an upward slope toward the drying chamber 2, and as described above, the thermal energy within the passage 1 can be used effectively.

Next, alternative technologies and other uses of each component constituting the solar drying apparatus of the above-described embodiment will be explained.

First, in this embodiment, the passage 1 has a slope, and is not only used as a passage for the material to be dried 11, but also has the effect of heating the interior of the drying chamber 2 by arranging a condensing heat storage device 8, and the warm air inside the drying chamber 2 is It is also equipped with leakage prevention means to prevent overflow into the tank. However, in cases where the solar drying equipment is installed at the same height as other processes in line 9 or below the process, passage 1
If it is difficult to slope the drying chamber upward toward the drying chamber 2, an air curtain or cloth curtain may be provided as a means for preventing leakage of warm air. In this case, the warm air in the passage 1 cannot be introduced into the drying chamber 2 using natural convection, so the passage 1 does not necessarily need to have a translucent wall.

Next, the double-walled glass 3 is used as a translucent wall surface that has a heat insulating effect. This prevents water droplets from forming on the glass surface inside the drying chamber 2 due to the temperature difference between the warm air inside the drying chamber 2 and the outside air.
This is done in consideration of light transmittance, heat resistance, and durability while excluding any adverse effects on the material to be dried 11. Therefore, the material is not limited to glass, and an inexpensive material such as vinyl may be used depending on the usage environment and usage temperature of the solar drying device.

Next, regarding the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
The explanation will be based on B and C. This embodiment is no different from the first embodiment described above in its appearance, so
The figure corresponds to the sectional views of FIGS. 2A and 2B shown in the first embodiment, and FIGS. This embodiment has even better thermal efficiency than the first embodiment, and is 10% higher in Fig.
8 is a condensing heat storage device provided on the side of the passage 1. In the figure, 113 is a forced convection heating device, and at least the transparent wall surface 3 of this solar drying device
The heated ventilation passage 113 has a surface that is irradiated with sunlight that has passed through and is colored black, for example, to have good absorption of infrared light.
a, and a suction passage 113b connected to the upper end surface of the heating ventilation passage 113a and installed on the ceiling of the drying chamber 2.
It consists of The suction passage 113b has a large number of suction holes 113c on its side, as shown in FIG. 114 indicates a wind direction adjusting blower device. A schematic perspective view of this wind direction adjusting blower device 114 is shown in FIG. In the figure, 114a is a main body serving as a ventilation passage, and 114b is a long plate-shaped wind direction adjusting plate, which has a rotating shaft 114c approximately at the center in the longitudinal direction, and is rotatable about the rotating shaft 114c. A large number of air blowers are arranged at the air outlet of the main body 114a. Others, numbers 1 to 1 in Figure 5
9 are the same as the respective corresponding components of the first embodiment described above.

This solar drying device configured as described above is
All the alternative techniques of the first embodiment described above can be applied and have all the effects, as well as the excellent effects described below.

First, a new condensing heat storage device 10 was installed in the passage 1.
8 allows the passage 1 to reach an even higher temperature. Therefore, more heat energy can be supplied into the drying chamber 2 by the aforementioned natural convection effect, and the material to be dried 11 can be dried efficiently.

Next, the forced convection heating device 113
3a, it not only performs forced convection within the drying chamber 2, but also allows warm air located above the drying chamber 2 to be sucked in and moved downward through the heating ventilation passage 113a heated by sunlight. Furthermore, it is heated by this heating ventilation passage 113a itself. Therefore, the warm air discharged from the wind direction adjusting blower device 114 has a higher temperature, and the drying efficiency can be improved. Further, since the inlet of the forced convection heating device 113 is the inlet hole 113c provided in the inlet passage 113b, it is possible to draw the warm air accumulated on the ceiling of the drying chamber 2 into the forced convection flow without leaking.

Furthermore, a wind direction adjusting blower device 114 blows the warm air with increased thermal efficiency onto the material to be dried 11.
A wind direction adjusting plate 114b is arranged at the warm air outlet. Therefore, it is possible to change the direction of the warm air blowing appropriately depending on the shape of the object 11 to be dried and the location where the amount of heat is required for drying, so that the warm air with high thermal efficiency can be used effectively for drying.

As detailed above, this solar drying device has various degrees of freedom in order to make effective use of sunlight, but no matter which technology is used, the thermal energy used for drying is As a result, you can achieve savings in fuel costs and
There is no exhaust gas or noise, and even if it is equipped with an auxiliary heating device, the usage time of the heating device can be kept short, making it an excellent drying chamber with extremely low exhaust gas and noise. . Moreover, because of its flexibility, it is possible to always operate under optimal conditions regardless of facility location or season.

[Effects of the Invention] As described with reference to the embodiments, the present invention has a transmitting plate that transmits sunlight, and a light collecting and heat storage means that collects the sunlight that has passed through the transmitting plate and stores it as thermal energy. It forms a drying room. In addition, this condensing and heat storage means condenses sunlight incident from a specific direction and stores the heat in a plurality of condensing and heat accumulating devices. They are arranged so that the fluctuation is within a predetermined range. Therefore, the solar drying device of the present invention is a highly energy-saving and highly efficient drying device that makes extremely effective use of sunlight from sunrise to sunset throughout the four seasons. The solar drying device can easily maintain a predetermined high temperature for a long time after sunset throughout the year. In addition, the light collecting and heat storage means of the present invention includes a gutter-like light reflecting portion formed by curving a rectangular sunlight reflecting plate in its short side direction, and a position where sunlight reflected by the light reflecting portion is focused. and a heat storage section with a large specific heat, which is rotatably attached to the light reflecting section. Therefore, by simply rotating the light reflecting part, the sunrise,
A change in the arrangement of the condensing and heat storage means suitable for concentrating daytime sunlight and sunset light is achieved. In addition, it prevents dust etc. from outside from adhering to the items to be dried.
A clean drying room with less exhaust gas and noise can be constructed. Moreover, because a part of the process line is introduced through a passage into the drying chamber, which is kept at a predetermined high temperature, it is used under exactly the same conditions as a conventional drying chamber, resulting in no increase in work. The present invention provides a very convenient drying chamber that saves fuel costs and can dry in a short time. Furthermore, the line that leads the dried material to the drying chamber is equipped with a rotating means that rotates the dried material according to the angle of incidence of sunlight, making it possible to effectively use sunlight that is directly irradiated onto the dried material. This provides an excellent drying room that can be used to achieve even more economical drying and even drying.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1A is a front view of the first embodiment, Figure 1B is its right side view, Figure 1C is its left side view, Figure 2A is its AA' cross-sectional view, and Figure 2B is its BB′ cross section,
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the condensing heat storage device, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example of arrangement of the condensing heat storage device, Fig. 5 A and B are cross-sectional views of the second embodiment, and Fig. 5 C is the wind direction. An explanatory diagram of a regulating blower device is shown. 1... Passageway, 2... Drying room, 8... Light condensing heat storage device, 9...
Line, 11...material to be dried.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A drying chamber that has a transparent plate on its wall that transmits sunlight and guides sunlight into the drying chamber, and a drying chamber that guides an object to be dried into the drying chamber and allows the object to be dried to be exposed to sunlight. A line equipped with a rotating means for rotating according to the angle; a leakage prevention means for preventing warm air from leaking from an entrance of the line into the drying chamber; and a rectangular plate that reflects sunlight in the direction of its short side. A light concentrator comprising: a gutter-shaped light reflector curved with a trough; and a heat storage unit with a large specific heat that is rotatably attached to the light reflector at a position where sunlight reflected by the light reflector is focused. A light condensing heat storage means comprising a heat storage device arranged on the floor surface of the drying chamber so that a change in room temperature from the target room temperature is within a predetermined range according to the movement trajectory of sunlight and the target room temperature of the drying chamber. A solar drying device characterized by comprising: . 2. The solar drying device according to claim 1, wherein the drying chamber includes a temperature sensor that detects indoor temperature and an auxiliary heating device that operates in conjunction with the temperature sensor.