JPH0234760Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0234760Y2 JPH0234760Y2 JP8509985U JP8509985U JPH0234760Y2 JP H0234760 Y2 JPH0234760 Y2 JP H0234760Y2 JP 8509985 U JP8509985 U JP 8509985U JP 8509985 U JP8509985 U JP 8509985U JP H0234760 Y2 JPH0234760 Y2 JP H0234760Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuse
- pellet
- exothermic
- agent
- thermal battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(sulfanylidene)iron Chemical compound S=[Fe]=S NFMAZVUSKIJEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000339 iron disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium chromate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083898 barium chromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPTSBERGOGHCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron lithium Chemical compound [Li].[B] PPTSBERGOGHCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940028444 muse Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N prostaglandin E1 Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02E60/12—
Landscapes
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本考案は着火しやすいペレツト状発熱剤を用い
た熱電池に関するもので、組立時の安全性が高
く、活性化時に発熱剤への着火の確実な熱電池を
提供するものである。[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field The present invention relates to a thermal battery that uses a pellet-like exothermic agent that is easy to ignite. The present invention provides a thermal battery.
従来の技術
熱電池は溶融塩を電解質に用いており、常温で
は電流を流すことができないが、高温に加熱する
と電解質が溶融して極めて高い導電性を示すよう
になり、大電流での放電が可能となる。このた
め、熱電池は未使用状態では自己放電がなく、長
期間の保存が可能であり、信頼性の高い緊急用高
出力電源として優れた電池である。特に正極に二
硫化鉄を用い、負極にリチウムもしくはリチウム
合金を用いた熱電池は高エネルギー密度であり、
作動時においても自己放電が少ないので、放電時
間が１分以上の比較的長時間用として開発が進め
られている。Conventional technology Thermal batteries use molten salt as an electrolyte, and cannot conduct current at room temperature, but when heated to high temperatures, the electrolyte melts and exhibits extremely high conductivity, making it possible to discharge at large currents. It becomes possible. For this reason, thermal batteries do not self-discharge when unused, can be stored for long periods of time, and are excellent as highly reliable emergency high-output power sources. In particular, thermal batteries that use iron disulfide for the positive electrode and lithium or lithium alloy for the negative electrode have a high energy density.
Since there is little self-discharge even during operation, development is progressing for relatively long-term use with a discharge time of 1 minute or more.
熱電池は発熱剤を内部に保持しており、その発
熱剤に点火することにより、電池内部を瞬時に作
動温度まで加熱して電池を活性化させる。このよ
うな発熱剤としてZr／BaCrO4系のシート状発熱
剤がよく知られている。シート状発熱剤は発熱剤
粒子をアスベスト等の無機繊維と共に水中に分散
させた後、シート状に漉いたもので、軽量で発熱
量が高く、燃焼速度も早いが、発火しやすく、取
扱いが不便であるという欠点があつた。 A thermal battery holds a heat generating agent inside, and by igniting the heat generating agent, the inside of the battery is instantaneously heated to an operating temperature and the battery is activated. As such a heat generating agent, a sheet-like heat generating agent based on Zr/BaCrO 4 is well known. Sheet-shaped exothermic agents are made by dispersing exothermic agent particles in water together with inorganic fibers such as asbestos, and then straining them into sheet shapes.They are lightweight, have a high calorific value, and have a fast burning speed, but they easily catch fire and are inconvenient to handle. It had the disadvantage of being.
一方、発熱剤を加圧成形して得たペレツト状発
熱剤は、重量当りの発熱量が低く、燃焼速度も遅
いが、機械的強度が高く、発火しにくいために取
扱いが容易であるという特徴がある。 On the other hand, pellet-shaped exothermic agents obtained by pressure molding exothermic agents have a low calorific value per weight and a slow burning rate, but they have high mechanical strength and are difficult to ignite, making them easy to handle. There is.
考案が解決しようとする問題点
然しながら、ペレツト状発熱剤の発火しにくい
性質は、熱電池を活性化する場合は欠点となる。
即ち、シート状発熱剤の場合は極めて着火しやす
いために、積層された素電池の中央部に導火孔を
設けるのみで、該導火孔を通つてシート状発熱剤
の火炎が伝播し、全てのシート状発熱剤は瞬時に
着火するのに対し、ペレツト状発熱剤は着火が容
易でないため、シート状発熱剤の着火法で熱電池
を活性化することができなかつた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, the flammability of pellet-like exothermic agents is a drawback when activating thermal batteries.
That is, in the case of a sheet-shaped exothermic agent, since it is extremely easy to ignite, simply providing a fuse hole in the center of the stacked unit cells allows the flame of the sheet-shaped exothermic agent to propagate through the fuse hole. While all sheet-like exothermic agents ignite instantaneously, pellet-like exothermic agents cannot be easily ignited, so it has not been possible to activate a thermal battery using the method of igniting sheet-like exothermic agents.
このためペレツト状発熱剤では、従来、導火孔
内へ紐状の導火薬を挿入し、各発熱剤を導火薬と
接触させていたが、各発熱剤と導火薬との接触が
充分でなく、しばしば着火不良を起した。熱電池
は複数の素電池の積層体であり、各発熱剤の一つ
でも着火せず、ただ一つの素電池でも活性化され
ないと、全く電流を取出すことが出来なくなる。 For this reason, with pellet-shaped exothermic agents, conventionally a string-shaped fuse was inserted into the fuse hole and each exothermic agent was brought into contact with the fuse, but the contact between each exothermic agent and the fuse was insufficient. , often caused ignition failure. A thermal battery is a stack of a plurality of unit cells, and if even one of the exothermic agents does not ignite or even one unit cell is not activated, no current can be extracted.
問題点を解決するための手段
本考案は上述の如き問題点を解決するため、中
央部に導火孔を設けた素電池と、同じく導火孔を
設けたペレツト状発熱剤とを交互に積層して得た
熱電池において、該導火孔内に粒状の導火薬を充
填したことを特徴とするものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been developed by alternately stacking a unit cell with a fuse hole in the center and a pellet-like exothermic agent also with a fuse hole in the center. The thermal battery thus obtained is characterized in that the fuse holes are filled with granular fuse.
作 用
本考案においては粒状の導火薬を使用するた
め、導火孔内への充填が容易であり、また導火薬
とペレツト状発熱剤との接触が改善されるため
に、着火不良がなくなつた。また導火薬を粒状と
したことにより、従来のようなフエルト状や紐状
の導火薬の加圧充填に伴なう発火の危険性もな
く、細い導火孔や曲つた導火孔への充填も容易で
ある。Effect Since the present invention uses a granular fuse, it is easy to fill the fuse hole, and contact between the fuse and the pellet-shaped exothermic agent is improved, eliminating ignition failures. Ta. In addition, since the fuse is in granular form, there is no risk of ignition associated with pressurized filling of felt-like or string-shaped fuses, making it possible to fill narrow or curved fuse holes. is also easy.
実施例
以下、本考案をリチウム／二硫化鉄系熱電池に
適用した一実施例について説明する。Example Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is applied to a lithium/iron disulfide thermal battery will be described.
第１図は本考案による熱電池用素電池の断面図
で、図において１は負極層であり、多孔体に含浸
保持したリチウムや、リチウム−アルミニウム合
金，リチウム−シリコン合金，リチウム−ホウ素
合金等のリチウム合金が用いられる。２は電解質
層で、MgOやY2O3等のセラミツク粉末で流動性
を低下させた溶融塩電解質が用いられる。３は正
極層であり、二硫化鉄（FeS2Q）主成分とし、電
解質とその電解質を保持するためのバインダ粉末
との混合物である。４は負極集電板、５は正極集
電板である。６は素電池の中央部に設けた導火孔
である。 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a unit cell for thermal batteries according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a negative electrode layer containing lithium impregnated into a porous material, lithium-aluminum alloy, lithium-silicon alloy, lithium-boron alloy, etc. lithium alloy is used. 2 is an electrolyte layer in which a molten salt electrolyte whose fluidity is reduced with ceramic powder such as MgO or Y 2 O 3 is used. 3 is a positive electrode layer, which is mainly composed of iron disulfide (FeS 2 Q) and is a mixture of an electrolyte and a binder powder for holding the electrolyte. 4 is a negative electrode current collector plate, and 5 is a positive electrode current collector plate. 6 is a fuse hole provided in the center of the unit cell.
第２図はペレツト状発熱剤の断面図である。７
はペレツト状発熱剤であり、中央部に導火孔６′
を有している。ペレツト状発熱剤７は酸化剤と還
元剤との混合物を加圧成形により強固な板状にし
たもので、機械的強度が高く、発火しにくいため
に取扱いが容易である。このような発熱剤として
Fe／KClO4，Ni／KClO4，Fe／KBrO3，Ni／
KIO3，Mn／KClO3等の組み合せが使用可能であ
る。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pellet-like exothermic agent. 7
is a pellet-like exothermic agent with a fuse hole 6' in the center.
have. The pellet-like exothermic agent 7 is a mixture of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent formed into a strong plate by pressure molding, and has high mechanical strength and is difficult to ignite, making it easy to handle. As such exothermic agent
Fe/KClO 4 , Ni/KClO 4 , Fe/KBrO 3 , Ni/
Combinations such as KIO 3 and Mn/KClO 3 can be used.
第３図は上述した素電池および発熱剤を積層し
た本考案熱電池の断面図である。８は積層された
各素電池であり、ペレツト状発熱剤７と交互に積
層されている。９は積層された素電池８及びペレ
ツト状発熱剤７の中心部に形成された導火孔内に
充填された粒状の導火薬である。導火薬９は素電
池の積層後に導火孔の開孔部より流し込んで充填
するものであり、ペレツト状発熱剤７との接触が
良く、着火が確実である。１０は点火具であり、
点火用端子１１に瞬間電流を流すと、点火具１０
が発火し、直ちに導火薬９に着火して火炎を発し
て燃焼し、順次ペレツト状発熱剤７に着火して熱
電池が活性化される。１２は正極端子、１３は負
極端子である。１４は熱電池内部を断熱保温する
ための断熱材であり、１５は電池容器である。 FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the thermal battery of the present invention in which the above-described unit cell and exothermic agent are laminated. Reference numeral 8 designates stacked unit cells, which are alternately stacked with pellet-like exothermic agents 7. Reference numeral 9 denotes a granular fuse filled in a fuse hole formed in the center of the stacked unit cells 8 and pellet-like exothermic agent 7. The fuse 9 is filled by pouring it into the opening of the fuse hole after the cells are stacked, and has good contact with the pellet-like exothermic agent 7, ensuring ignition. 10 is a igniter;
When an instantaneous current is applied to the ignition terminal 11, the ignition tool 10
is ignited, the fuse 9 is immediately ignited, a flame is emitted and it burns, and the pellet-like exothermic agent 7 is sequentially ignited, activating the thermal battery. 12 is a positive terminal, and 13 is a negative terminal. 14 is a heat insulating material for insulating and keeping the inside of the thermal battery warm, and 15 is a battery container.
本実施例においては、導火薬としてジルコニウ
ムとクロム酸バリウムの混合物を使用し、この混
合物に少量の水と微量の糊料を添加し、ポケツト
中で１時間回転させて造粒した。粒子の直径は
0.1〜0.5mmであつた。これを温度120℃で真空乾
燥して粒状導火薬とした。粒状の導火薬は流動性
が高く、細い導火孔への充填も極めて容易であつ
た。 In this example, a mixture of zirconium and barium chromate was used as the fuse, a small amount of water and a small amount of sizing agent were added to this mixture, and the mixture was granulated by rotating in a pocket for 1 hour. The diameter of the particle is
It was 0.1 to 0.5 mm. This was vacuum dried at a temperature of 120°C to obtain a granular fuse. The granular fuse had high fluidity and was extremely easy to fill into narrow fuse holes.
考案の効果
本考案によれば、着火しにくいペレツト状発熱
剤を用いて素電池の積層が行なわれるため、組立
時の安全性が高く、また粒状の導火薬の使用によ
り、組立も容易であり、熱電池活性化時に発熱剤
への着火の確実な熱電池が得られる。Effects of the invention According to the invention, since the unit cells are stacked using a pellet-like exothermic agent that is difficult to ignite, the assembly is highly safe, and the use of granular fuse makes assembly easy. , it is possible to obtain a thermal battery in which the exothermic agent is reliably ignited when the thermal battery is activated.
第１図は本考案熱電池を構成する素電池の断面
図、第２図はペレツト状発熱剤の断面図、第３図
は本考案熱電池の断面図である。
６，６′……導火孔、７……ペレツト状発熱剤、
８……素電池、９……導火薬。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a unit cell constituting the thermal battery of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pellet-like exothermic agent, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the thermal battery of the present invention. 6, 6'...Muse hole, 7...Pellet-like exothermic agent,
8...Battery, 9...Grilling powder.
Claims (1)
孔を設けたペレツト状発熱剤とを交互に積層して
得た熱電池において、該導火孔内に粒状の導火薬
を充填したことを特徴とする熱電池。 In a thermal battery obtained by alternately stacking a unit cell with a fuse hole in the center and a pellet-shaped exothermic agent also equipped with a fuse hole, the fuse hole is filled with granular fuse. A thermal battery characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8509985U JPH0234760Y2 (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-06-04 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8509985U JPH0234760Y2 (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-06-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61199869U JPS61199869U (en) | 1986-12-13 |
| JPH0234760Y2 true JPH0234760Y2 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
Family
ID=30635182
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8509985U Expired JPH0234760Y2 (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-06-04 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0234760Y2 (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-06-04 JP JP8509985U patent/JPH0234760Y2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61199869U (en) | 1986-12-13 |
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