JPH0234744B2 - KENSAKUSOCHI - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for grinding and finishing a workpiece, and more particularly, it mainly relates to an apparatus for finishing a machined part such as a groove or a hole in a workpiece. .

Generally, a mold or the like having a machined part such as a hole or groove of a complicated shape is machined by an electric discharge machine and then finished with extremely high precision. Conventionally, the finishing process described above was performed manually by tracing the machined surface of a mold or the like with an abrasive tool in an ultrasonic polishing device, which was extremely inefficient and resulted in poor uniformity. I hated missing something.

This invention was invented in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.

Incidentally, as a precedent example regarding the present invention, there is, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-5289. In the preceding example, the grinding tool is configured to vibrate slightly horizontally and vertically, but the vertical vibration of the grinding tool is performed by the drive of the eccentric drive device, and the workpiece remains stationary. The configuration is fixed to .

Therefore, in the configuration of the prior example, for example, when the machined part is a rectangular groove and the bottom of the groove has an inclined surface, the grinding process of the groove can be performed even with a grinding tool whose cross-sectional shape is in the positive direction. Have difficulty.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail using the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a base plate 5 is placed horizontally on a base 3 of the grinding device 1, and a disk-shaped first slide table 7 is placed on this base plate 5 to horizontally move and rotate. It is placed freely. Furthermore, a disk-shaped second slide table 9 is placed on the first slide table 7 so as to be horizontally movable and pivotable.

A donut plate-shaped retainer 13 is interposed between the base plate 5 and the first slide table 7 and between the first slide table 7 and the first slide table 9. A large number of balls 11 are rotatably held so that the movement and rotation of , 9 can be carried out extremely smoothly.

More specifically, as is clear from FIG. 1, a relatively large central hole 13a is formed in the center of the first retainer 13 interposed between the base plate 5 and the first slide table 7. This first
A plurality of balls 11 are rotatably held in a retainer 13. The upper end and lower side of each ball 11 slightly protrude from the upper and lower surfaces of the first retainer 13, respectively. That is, the ball 11 is in rolling contact with the upper surface of the base plate 5 and the lower surface of the first slide table 7.

Note that the second retainer 13 interposed between the first slide table 7 and the second slide table 9
The structure is similar to that of the first retainer 13 interposed between the base plate 5 and the first slide table 7, and the plurality of balls 11 rotatably held by the second retainer 13 are It is in rotatable contact with the upper surface of the first slide table 7 and the lower surface of the second slide table 9.

The first and second slide tables 7 and 9 are provided with protrusions 7P and 9P in their centers, each having an extremely small diameter compared to the diameter of the central hole 13a of each retainer 13, and 7P and 9P are provided to protrude into the center hole 13a. A radial bearing 15 is rotatably supported on the protrusions 7P and 9P.

More specifically, the bottom center of each slide table 7, 9 is secured by bolts 7B, 9B, respectively.
Bearing holding members 8 and 10 that rotatably support the radial bearing 15 are provided to protrude downward. In order to increase the stroke amount of each slide table 7 with respect to each retainer 13, as can be understood from FIG. A large play (gap) is formed between the bearing 15 and the circumferential surface thereof.

Therefore, the first slide table 7 can easily pivot relative to the base plate 5 via the plurality of balls 11. Further, by rotating the ball 11 between the base plate 5 and the first slide table 7, the first slide table 7 can be easily moved in the horizontal direction.

However, the first slide table 7
For example, when the radial bearing 15 provided on the protrusion 7P comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the center hole 13a of the retainer 13 during horizontal movement to the right in the figure, as shown in FIG. and move horizontally together with respect to the base plate 5, and the contact between the base plate 5, the slide table 7, and the ball 11 changes from rolling contact to sliding contact, and the slide table 7 moves lightly against the base plate 5. Horizontal movement is prevented, and the movement of the slide table 7 is braked, thereby preventing runaway. Note that the radial bearing 15 of the protrusion 7P is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the central hole 13a of the retainer 13.
Even when the slide table 7 is in contact with the slide table 7, since the radial bearing 15 is not provided, the slide table 7 can be easily rotated.

Note that the operation of the second slide table 9 with respect to the first slide table 7 is also similar to the operation of the first slide table 7 with respect to the base plate 5.

An annular cover 17 surrounding the first slide table 7 and the like is fixed to the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the second slide table 9 with a plurality of bolts 18, and an annular spacer 1 is attached to the bottom surface of the cover 17.
An annular plate 21 is connected to a plurality of bolts 2 through 9.
It is attached by 2. This plate 21 is in slidable contact with the upper surface of the base plate 5.
Therefore, the first and second slide tables 7,
This prevents dust from entering between the 9 and the like.

Incidentally, a plurality of T-grooves 23 in the radial direction are bored in the upper surface of the second slide table 9 as mounting portions for fixing tools for fixing the workpiece W.
Therefore, the workpiece (workpiece W) can be fixed to the upper surface of the second slide table 9 via a fixing device such as a bolt. That is, the workpiece W fixed on the second slide table 9 is
By using the slide table 9, it is horizontally movable and rotatable in any direction.

By the way, by providing the slide tables 7 and 9 in two stages, the movement of the workpiece W to the base plate 5 becomes easier, and the inner peripheral surface of the center hole 13a of each retainer 13 and each slide table 7 and 9 Even if the play between the protrusions 7P and 9P and the respective bearings 15 is relatively small, the stroke amount of the workpiece W relative to the base plate 5 can be increased.

A cylindrical guide post 25 is erected and fixed near one side of the base 3 with a plurality of bolts.
7 is inserted so that the vertical position can be freely adjusted. That is, a threaded portion 27a is formed at the lower end of the support rod 27, and a sleeve nut 31, which is rotatably supported within a gearbox 29 provided on the lower surface of the base 3, is threaded into this threaded portion 27a. It is matched. A worm wheel 33 is integrally fixed to this sleeve nut 31, and the worm wheel 33 is meshed with a worm gear 35 which is appropriately interlocked with a motor or the like. And support rod 2
A key 37 fixed to the upper end of the guide post 25 is engaged with a vertical keyway 27b formed in the body of the guide post 25. Therefore, by appropriately rotating the worm gear 35, the support rod 27 is moved up and down.

A plurality of bearings 3 are provided at the upper end of the support rod 27.
A cylindrical body 41 is rotatably supported via 9. The lower surface of this cylindrical body 41 is provided with the guide post 2.
A cover cylinder 43 that slidably surrounds 5 is integrally attached. Further, an arm 45 extending horizontally is integrally attached to the cylinder 41. This arm 45 is plate-shaped, and reinforcing ribs 47 are fixed to both sides of the upper surface, and a rotation drive device 51 such as a motor is attached to the rear end via a bracket 49. be. Further, a processing head device 53 is attached to the tip of the arm 45. Therefore, the machining head device 53 and the like are integrally moved up and down as the support rod 27 moves up and down.

The processing head device 53 is constructed as follows. That is, a rotary cylinder 57 is rotatably supported inside a sleeve 55 fixed to the tip of the arm 45 via a plurality of bearings, and a pulley 59 is integrally attached to the upper part of the rotary cylinder 57. be. A belt 63 that is wound around a drive pulley 61 provided in the rotary drive device 51 is wound around this pulley 59 . Furthermore, a spindle 65 that passes through the rotary cylinder 57 vertically is supported by the rotary cylinder 57 so as to be slidable only in the axial direction. That is, an axial keyway 65a is bored in the body of the spindle 65.
A key 67 provided on the rotating cylinder 57 is engaged with the key 67 a. Therefore, the spindle 65 is connected to the rotating cylinder 57.
It rotates integrally with the shaft and is movable independently in the axial direction.

A cylindrical cap 69 is rotatably attached to the upper end of the spindle 65 via a plurality of bearings, and a swing lever 71 is attached to the cap 69.
A connecting plate 75 is connected to the connecting plate 75 via a pin 73 (see FIG. 2). The body of the swinging lever 71 is pivotally supported by a bracket 77 erected on the arm 45, and a bracket 79 fixed to the rear end of the swinging lever 71 and the guide post 25.
A bullet 83, such as a balance spring, which balances the weight of the processing head device 53 is mounted between the screw rod 81 and the screw rod 81, which is supported in a vertically adjustable manner.

Therefore, the spindle 65 is always urged upward by the action of the bullet 83, and by operating the swing lever 71 against the bullet 83, the spindle 65 is lowered. It is something. In this case, the spindle 65 can be biased downward against the bullet 83 by appropriately suspending a plurality or different weights (not shown) from the tip of the swing lever 71. It is possible.

Further, a cam follower 87 is rotatably attached to an appropriate position of the swing lever 71 via a pin 85, and a rotation drive device 89 such as a motor attached to the arm 45 is mounted below the cam follower 87. A rotatable cam 91 operatively connected to the output shaft is in contact with the output shaft. Therefore, when the cam 91 is rotated by the rotary drive device 89, the swing lever 71 repeatedly moves up and down periodically, and the spindle 65 is periodically moved in the up and down direction. The period can be controlled by appropriately controlling the rotation of the rotary drive device 89.

Note that the cam follower 87 or the cam 9
1, the spindle 6
The amplitude of the vertical movement and the bottom dead center position of 5 can be changed,
This can correspond to the thickness of the workpiece W and the depth of the groove in the machined part.

By the way, the structure for periodically moving the spindle 65 up and down is not limited to the above structure, and for example, a structure in which a cylindrical cam or the like is interposed between the pulley 59 and the sleeve 55 may be used. There are various configurations that can be adopted.

A holder 93 is attached to the lower end of the spindle 65 for holding a grinding tool T made of a grindstone or a suitable tool steel, or a chuck such as a collector chuck holding the grinding tool. This holder 93 is constructed as shown in FIG. That is, a flange 95a is formed horizontally at the lower part of a sleeve 95 that is integrally fixed to the lower end of the spindle 65 with a set screw or the like, and arcuate holes 95b are bored at a plurality of locations in this flange 95a. be. In addition, an eccentric hole 95c is bored in the center of the lower surface of the sleeve 95 so as to be slightly eccentric with respect to the axis of the spindle 65. The sleeve 9
5, an eccentric disk 99 is attached to the lower surface of the rotor 5 via a plurality of bolts 97 passing through the arcuate holes 95b so as to be able to freely adjust its rotational position. The upper part of the eccentric plate 99 has an eccentric protrusion 99a fitted into the eccentric hole 95c.
is formed. Therefore, the eccentric disk 99 is installed eccentrically with respect to the axis of the spindle 65, and after loosening the bolt 97, the eccentric disk 99 is installed eccentrically with respect to the axis of the spindle 65.
By appropriately rotating the spindle 65
The axial center position of the eccentric disc 99 can be adjusted with respect to the axial center of the eccentric disk 99.

A bearing cylinder 101 is integrally fixed to the lower surface of the eccentric disk 99 via a plurality of bolts, and a holder block 105 is rotatably supported inside the bearing cylinder 101 via an eccentric bearing 103. ing. In the eccentric bearing 103, the axis of the inner hole of the inner race is slightly eccentric with respect to the axis of the eccentric disc 99. Therefore, the axis of the holder block 105 is eccentric with respect to the axis of the eccentric disc 99. A holder attachment 107 for holding a grinding tool etc. is integrally attached to the lower surface of the holder block 105 via a plurality of bolts.
A pin 109 horizontally protruding radially outward is fixed to the lower end side of 05. This pin 109 is engaged with a vertical slit 111a formed at the lower end of a cylindrical cover 111 rotatably supported by the sleeve 95 via a bearing. Also,
A protruding pin 1 that also protrudes horizontally from the cover 111
13 (see FIG. 1), and this protruding pin 113 is engaged with a vertical slit 115a of a bracket 115 hanging from the arm 45. Therefore, the cover 111 and the holder block 105 are restricted from rotating relative to the rotation of the spindle 65 and the like.

In the above configuration, the axis of the spindle 65 is O, the axis of the eccentric disc 99 is P, and the holder block 1 is
05 axis, the distance between the axis O and the axis Q is adjusted by adjusting the position of the eccentric disc 99 with respect to the spindle 65, and the distance between the axis O and the axis Q is adjusted.
The radius of eccentric rotation (amplitude of microvibration) of No. 5 can be adjusted.

In the above configuration, the workpiece W is fixed on the second slide table 9, and the holder 93 is provided with a groove or the like to be machined (for example, a cross-shaped groove or a rectangular groove). The machining tool T is attached, and the swinging lever 71 is operated to engage the machining tool to the machining part of the workpiece, supplying a lapping agent as necessary, and rotating the rotary drive device 51.
When the spindle 65 is rotated and the rotating device 89 is also rotated, the machining tool eccentrically rotates (slightly vibrates) with the minute eccentricity as a radius and moves up and down.

Therefore, for example, when grinding is performed by engaging a cross-shaped processing tool T in a cross-shaped groove of a workpiece W while maintaining a slight clearance, Fig. 5a,
As shown in part b, when the machining tool T keeps its direction constant and performs eccentric rotation in the counterclockwise direction indicated by arrow A with a small radius, a part of the machining tool T and the workpiece If the machining part Wa of W is not aligned and comes into contact with one point B, the workpiece W
is automatically rotated in the direction of arrow C, and the machining tool T
The directionality of the machined portion Wa of the workpiece W coincides with the directionality of the machined portion Wa of the workpiece W, and the alignment is automatically and accurately performed.

Therefore, during the initial setting, the machining part Wa of the work W
Even if the direction of the machining tool T does not match exactly, it will be automatically corrected,
Accurate alignment is to be performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6a, for example, the workpiece W
When the machining part Wa is a rectangular groove and this groove Wa is ground by a machining tool T having a square cross-section, the difference between the length of the short side S of the groove Wa and the length of the side of the machining tool T The amplitude of the micro-vibration of the processing tool T is set to be slightly larger than the above-mentioned clearance according to the micro-clearance. Then groove the work W
By moving in the longitudinal direction, the groove Wa is ground by the processing tool T.

In other words, since the machining tool T rotates eccentrically with a small radius, the machining tool T moves slightly in the Y direction when the machining tool and the short side S of the groove Wa are in contact with each other, and the grinding of the short side S is performed. It is done.
Note that the difference between the amplitude of the processing tool T and the clearance is absorbed by the workpiece W slightly moving (escape) in the Y direction.

In addition, by slightly moving the processing tool T in the X direction while the long side L of the groove Wa is in contact with the processing tool T, the long side L is ground, the slide tables 7 and 9 are moved, and the workpiece W By moving in the X direction, grinding is performed over the entire length of the long side L.

As described above, when grinding the short side S and long side L of the groove Wa, the machining tool T periodically moves up and down, causing slight vibrations in the horizontal direction of the machining tool T with respect to the short side S and long side L. Together with this, efficient grinding and finishing can be performed and the finishing accuracy is further improved.

As mentioned above, when grinding the groove Wa of the workpiece W, even if the movement direction of the workpiece W is oriented in a direction somewhat oblique to the longitudinal direction of the groove Wa, the slide tables 7 and 9 will not be horizontal. By rotating, the directionality of the groove Wa automatically matches the directionality of the processing tool T and is aligned.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6b, when the bottom Wb of the groove Wa of the workpiece W has an inclined surface Wf, the processing tool T is raised against the downward biasing force of the swing lever 71. Since it is moved in the direction, the bottom
The bottom portion Wb can also be easily ground regardless of the presence or absence of the inclined surface Wf of the Wb.

As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, the gist of the present invention is as stated in the claims.As is clear from the description, the present invention uses a disc-shaped retainer 1
A workpiece W is placed on slide tables 7 and 9 which are horizontally movable and rotatably placed on a base 3 via a plurality of balls 11 which are rotatably held at 3. Therefore, even if the directionality of the grinding tool T and the directionality of the machining part Wa of the workpiece W are slightly different, the workpiece W turns smoothly and the directionality automatically matches. and
Further, even if the processing portion Wa is a groove, the workpiece W can be easily moved manually in the direction along the groove.

In addition, the grinding tool T is configured to be rotated eccentrically horizontally with a small radius while keeping the directionality constant, and to be periodically moved up and down by the action of the cam device. Grinding of the machined portion Wa is performed by the grinding action caused by the horizontal eccentric rotation of T and the grinding action caused by the vertical movement of T, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

Furthermore, the fact that the slide tables 7 and 9 that support the workpiece W are easily movable and freely pivotable with respect to the base 3 is compatible with the fact that the grinding tool T rotates eccentrically with a minute radius as described above. In addition, the directionality of the processing portion Wa of the workpiece W and the directionality of the processing tool T are well matched. Furthermore, when there is an inclined surface at the bottom of the processing section Wa, the processing tool T moves up and down following the inclined surface, so regardless of whether or not there is an inclined surface at the bottom of the processing section Wa, when the workpiece W is fixed, In comparison, finishing accuracy is further improved.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the arm 45 supporting the processing head device 53 at the tip is provided so as to be horizontally pivotable and vertically adjustable.
The processing head device 53 can be easily retracted from above the workpiece W, and the slide tables 7, 9
The processing head device 53 does not get in the way when the workpiece W is attached to and removed from the machine.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be implemented in other embodiments by making appropriate design changes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front view of the device according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view, Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the holder, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the slide table, and Figures 5 a and b.
The machining part of the workpiece is a T-shaped groove, and the machining tool is T-shaped.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of the alignment action between the work and the machining tool, showing one part in the case of a letter shape, and FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of the grinding process. (Explanation of symbols representing main parts of drawings), 3
... Base, 11 ... Ball, 7, 9 ... Slide table, 13 ... Retainer, 25 ... Guide post, 53 ... Processing head device, 45 ... Arm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A processing section is provided on the slide tables 7 and 9 by horizontally movably and rotatably placed on the base 3 via a plurality of balls 11 rotatably held by a disc-shaped retainer 13. A processing head device 53 is provided with a spindle 65 on which a processed workpiece W is placed, and which is capable of eccentric rotation with a minute radius while keeping the directionality of the grinding tool T that engages with the processing portion constant. An arm 45 is disposed above the workpiece and supports the processing head device 53 at its tip,
A swing lever 71 is supported on the guide post 25 erected on the base 3 so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally pivotable, and a swing lever 71 for biasing the grinding tool T downward is pivoted on the arm 45. At the same time, the swing lever 71 resists the downward downward bias.
A grinding device characterized in that the arm 45 is provided with a cam device 91 that periodically pushes up the cam device 91.