JPH0233924B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0233924B2 JPH0233924B2 JP56063216A JP6321681A JPH0233924B2 JP H0233924 B2 JPH0233924 B2 JP H0233924B2 JP 56063216 A JP56063216 A JP 56063216A JP 6321681 A JP6321681 A JP 6321681A JP H0233924 B2 JPH0233924 B2 JP H0233924B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- denitrification
- combustion
- denitrification device
- temperature
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は燃焼装置の起動方法に関し、特に脱硝
装置を備えた燃焼装置において起動時の窒素酸化
物（以下、NOxと記す）の発生を抑制する燃焼
装置の起動方法に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for starting a combustion device, and in particular to a method for suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NOx) at the time of startup in a combustion device equipped with a denitrification device. The present invention relates to a method for starting a combustion device.
ボイラのような燃焼装置の起動時においては、
多量の未燃ガスを生じ、またこれを燃焼させるた
め空気を過剰に供給することからNOx発生量が
多く、さらにNOx除去装置が充分昇温していな
いためNOx排出量も多くなるという問題がある。
特に原子力、水力等をベースとして用いる発電所
において、中間負荷に対応するために火力ボイラ
を用いることが多く、このような中間負荷火力の
燃焼装置では起動停止の回数が多くなり、上記傾
向が助長される。
When starting up a combustion device such as a boiler,
There is a problem that a large amount of unburned gas is generated, and since excessive air is supplied to combust this gas, a large amount of NOx is generated.Furthermore, the temperature of the NOx removal device is not raised sufficiently, resulting in a large amount of NOx emissions. .
In particular, in power plants based on nuclear power, hydropower, etc., thermal boilers are often used to cope with intermediate loads, and combustion equipment for such intermediate load thermal power plants has a large number of startup and shutdown times, which exacerbates the above-mentioned tendency. be done.
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点に鑑
み、NOxの排出量を極力少くする燃焼装置の運
転方法を提供することにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems of the prior art described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating a combustion apparatus that reduces NOx emissions as much as possible.
本発明は、後段に窒素酸化物（NOx）還元脱
硝触媒を有する脱硝装置を備えた複数系列の燃焼
装置のひとつを起動する前後に、運転中の他系列
の脱硝装置の出口ガスを前記起動前後の脱硝装置
に導入してこれを昇温することを特徴とするもの
である。
In the present invention, before and after starting one of a plurality of combustion apparatuses equipped with a denitrification apparatus having a nitrogen oxide (NOx) reduction and denitrification catalyst in the latter stage, the outlet gas of the denitrification apparatus of the other series in operation is used before and after the activation. This system is characterized by introducing it into a denitrification device and raising its temperature.
なお、脱硝装置を昇温する必要があるのは、脱
硝触媒の温度が低いと脱硝が充分に行われず、排
ガス中のNOx濃度が高くなるためである。 The reason why it is necessary to raise the temperature of the denitrification device is because if the temperature of the denitrification catalyst is low, denitration will not be performed sufficiently and the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas will increase.
本発明において、燃焼装置としては、ボイラが
典型例としてあげられるが、他にガスタービン、
ダクトバーナ、汚泥等の焼却炉等にも適用するこ
とができる。起動前後の脱硝装置に導入する高温
ガスは、燃焼排ガス、加熱空気等が好適に用いら
れるが、脱硝装置を備えた燃焼装置が複数系列設
けられている場合は、他の運転中の系列の燃焼排
ガスまたは／および予熱空気が好適に用いられ
る。この場合、停止中の系列の脱硝装置を出た排
ガス中のNOxが多いときには、さらにこの排ガ
スを運転中の系列の脱硝装置に戻して処理するこ
とが好ましい。 In the present invention, a typical example of the combustion device is a boiler, but other examples include a gas turbine,
It can also be applied to duct burners, sludge incinerators, etc. Combustion exhaust gas, heated air, etc. are preferably used as the high-temperature gas introduced into the denitrification equipment before and after startup, but if multiple combustion equipment series equipped with denitrification equipment are installed, the combustion equipment from other operating trains may be used. Exhaust gas or/and preheated air are preferably used. In this case, when there is a large amount of NOx in the exhaust gas exiting the denitrification device in the stopped series, it is preferable to further return this exhaust gas to the denitrification device in the operating series for treatment.
以下、本発明を図面によりさらに詳細に説明す
る。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は、本発明の燃焼装置の起動方法の実施
例を示すフローダイヤグラムである。図におい
て、燃焼装置としてのボイラ１，１Ｂ、その後段
に配置された脱硝装置２，２Ｂおよび空気予熱器
３，３ｂからなる装置系列Ａ，Ｂおよび両系列を
連結するダクト８，９が示されている。なお脱硝
装置に付随するアンモニア注入手段、ダクト８，
９に設けられる調整ダンパ等は図示が省略されて
いる。この実施例では、運転中に系列Ｂの脱硝装
置２Ｂの出口排ガスを停止中の系列Ａの脱硝装置
２の前流を導入するダクト８を設け、該脱硝装置
２をボイラ起動時に備えて予熱する。このときダ
クト８は、脱硝装置２が所望の温度に昇温、保持
されるように、例えば脱硝装置出口排ガスの温度
が設定の温度になるようにその風量が調整され
る。排ガスの温度の代わりに例えば脱硝装置の触
媒層の温度または脱硝装置の出口の排ガス中の
NOx濃度を測定して前記ダクト８の風量を調整
してもよい。また脱硝装置２の昇温前または昇温
過程中に高濃度のNOxが排出されることを防止
するため、必要に応じ連結ダクト９を介して系列
Ａの脱硝装置２の出口ガスを運転中の系列Ｂの脱
硝装置２Ｂに戻して脱硝することができる。系列
Ａの脱硝装置２を出た処理ガスは空気予熱器３で
ボイラの供給空気と熱交換したのち、後段の電気
集じん機等に送られる。空気予熱器３で加熱され
た空気は押込送風機６により停止中のボイラ１に
供給され、ボイラ１を暖缶するとともに点火およ
び起動時の燃焼条件を改善する。その後、この空
気は前記ダクト４からの高温排ガスとともに脱硝
装置２に入り、その昇温に寄与する。 FIG. 1 is a flow diagram showing an embodiment of a method for starting a combustion device according to the present invention. In the figure, device series A and B consisting of boilers 1 and 1B as combustion devices, denitrification devices 2 and 2B and air preheaters 3 and 3b disposed downstream, and ducts 8 and 9 connecting both series are shown. ing. In addition, the ammonia injection means, duct 8, attached to the denitration equipment
The adjustment damper etc. provided at 9 are omitted from illustration. In this embodiment, a duct 8 is provided that introduces the upstream stream of the denitrification device 2 of the series A, which is currently stopped from supplying exhaust gas at the outlet of the denitrification device 2B of the series B during operation, to preheat the denitrification device 2 in preparation for starting the boiler. . At this time, the air volume of the duct 8 is adjusted so that the temperature of the denitrification device 2 is raised and maintained at a desired temperature, for example, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas at the exit of the denitrification device reaches a set temperature. Instead of the temperature of the exhaust gas, for example, the temperature of the catalyst layer of the denitrification device or the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the denitrification device
The air volume of the duct 8 may be adjusted by measuring the NOx concentration. In addition, in order to prevent high-concentration NOx from being discharged before or during the temperature rising process of the denitrification equipment 2, the outlet gas of the denitrification equipment 2 in series A is supplied via the connecting duct 9 as necessary. It can be returned to the denitrification device 2B of series B for denitrification. The treated gas exiting the denitrification device 2 of series A exchanges heat with the supply air of the boiler in the air preheater 3, and then is sent to a downstream electrostatic precipitator or the like. Air heated by the air preheater 3 is supplied to the stopped boiler 1 by the forced air blower 6, warming the boiler 1 and improving combustion conditions at the time of ignition and startup. Thereafter, this air enters the denitrification device 2 together with the high-temperature exhaust gas from the duct 4 and contributes to its temperature rise.
この実施例によれば、起動前後の脱硝装置２を
運転中の脱硝装置２Ｂからの出口ガスで予熱し、
該脱硝装置２の安定運転状態に到るまでの立ち上
がり時間を短縮することができる。これは運転中
の脱硝装置２Ｂの出口ガス中には通常リークアン
モニアが含まれ、このアンモニアが脱硝装置２の
触媒に予備的に吸着されるので、さらに好都合で
ある。また脱硝装置２の出口排ガスを運転中の脱
硝装置２Ｂの前流に戻すことにより、脱硝装置４
の温度が比較的低い場合でも高濃度のNOxが排
出されることなく、より安全な脱硝システムとす
ることができる。 According to this embodiment, the denitrification device 2 before and after startup is preheated with the outlet gas from the denitrification device 2B in operation,
The start-up time until the denitrification device 2 reaches a stable operating state can be shortened. This is more convenient because the outlet gas of the denitrification device 2B during operation usually contains leaked ammonia, and this ammonia is preliminarily adsorbed on the catalyst of the denitrification device 2. In addition, by returning the exhaust gas at the outlet of the denitrification device 2 to the upstream of the denitrification device 2B in operation, the denitrification device 4
Even when the temperature is relatively low, high concentrations of NOx are not emitted, making it possible to create a safer denitrification system.
さらに第２図は、第１図の方法に運転中のボイ
ラ燃焼排ガスを加熱源として補助的に用いるプロ
セスを示すフローダイヤグラムである。すなわ
ち、第１図の実施例では、系列Ｂの脱硝装置２Ｂ
の出口排ガスおよびボイラを通つた予熱空気を昇
温用に用いているが、脱硝装置２が所定の温度ま
で昇温しないことがあるので、このような場合に
は、運転中のボイラの燃焼排ガスをダクト４を介
して直接導入することにより、停止中の系列Ａの
脱硝装置２を最適温度に昇温保持するとともに、
排ガスの脱硝も完全に行なうことができる。 Further, FIG. 2 is a flow diagram showing a process in which combustion exhaust gas from a boiler in operation is used as an auxiliary heating source in the method of FIG. 1. That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
The exhaust gas at the exit of the boiler and the preheated air that has passed through the boiler are used to raise the temperature. By directly introducing the denitrification equipment through the duct 4, the denitrification equipment 2 of the stopped series A is heated and maintained at the optimum temperature, and
Complete denitrification of exhaust gas is also possible.
上記いずれの実施例においても、空気予熱器
３，３Ｂで予熱された空気を脱硝装置２の前流側
に導入するパイパスダクトを設け、必要に応じ予
熱空気を脱硝装置に導入して昇温することができ
る。また、脱硝装置、空気予熱器の後段に電気集
じん機を設置する場合は、停止系列の脱硝装置を
出た排ガスを空気予熱器からさらに電気集じん機
に通すことにより、電気集じん機の起動加熱が可
能となり、ボイラの点火時から電気集じん機を稼
動させることができる。なお、停止ボイラの脱硝
装置を通つたガスが媒塵を多く含む場合は、この
ガスを運転系列の集じん機に通して処理すること
ができる。 In any of the above embodiments, a bypass duct is provided to introduce the air preheated by the air preheaters 3 and 3B to the upstream side of the denitrification device 2, and the preheated air is introduced into the denitrification device and heated as necessary. be able to. In addition, when installing an electrostatic precipitator after the denitrification equipment and air preheater, the exhaust gas from the denitrification equipment in the stop series can be passed from the air preheater to the electrostatic precipitator. Start-up heating becomes possible, and the electrostatic precipitator can be started from the time the boiler is ignited. Note that if the gas that has passed through the denitrification device of the stopped boiler contains a large amount of dust, this gas can be processed by passing it through a dust collector in the operating series.
以上の実施例は、ボイラ装置について述べたも
のであるが、本発明はボイラのみに限らず、他の
燃焼装置にも同様に適用することができる。 Although the above embodiments have been described regarding boiler devices, the present invention is not limited to boilers, but can be similarly applied to other combustion devices.
以上、本発明によれば、脱硝装置を備えた燃焼
装置の点火および起動時に発生するNOxを運転
開始時から効率よく除去することができ、その他
起動にともなう種々のトラブルを防止することが
できる。 As described above, according to the present invention, NOx generated during ignition and startup of a combustion device equipped with a denitrification device can be efficiently removed from the start of operation, and various other troubles associated with startup can be prevented.
第１図および第２図は、それぞれ本発明の種々
の実施例を示すボイラ燃焼装置のフローダイヤグ
ラムである。
１，１Ｂ……ボイラ（燃焼装置）、２，２Ｂ…
…脱硝装置、３，３Ｂ……空気予熱器、４……連
絡ダクト、５Ａ，５Ｂ……ダンパ、６，６Ｂ……
押込送風機、７，９……連絡ダクト。
1 and 2 are flow diagrams of a boiler combustion apparatus showing various embodiments of the present invention, respectively. 1, 1B... Boiler (combustion device), 2, 2B...
...Denitration equipment, 3, 3B... Air preheater, 4... Connection duct, 5A, 5B... Damper, 6, 6B...
Forced blower, 7, 9...connection duct.
Claims (1)
を備えた、複数系列の燃焼装置のひとつを起動す
る前後に、運転中の他系列の脱硝装置の出口ガス
を前記起動前後の脱硝装置に導入してこれを昇温
することを特徴とする燃焼装置の起動方法。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項において、前記起動前
後の脱硝装置の出口排ガスを運転中の他系列の脱
硝装置の前流側に戻すことを特徴とする燃焼装置
の起動方法。 ３ 特許請求の範囲第１項または第２項におい
て、前記起動前後の脱硝装置に運転中の他の系列
の燃焼装置からの高温排ガスを併せて導入するこ
とを特徴とする燃焼装置の起動方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. Before and after starting one of a plurality of combustion devices equipped with a denitrification device having a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst in the latter stage, the outlet gas of the denitrification device of the other system in operation is used before and after the startup. A method for starting a combustion device, characterized by introducing the denitrification device into a denitrification device and raising the temperature of the denitrification device. 2. The method for starting a combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust gas at the outlet of the denitrification apparatus before and after the start-up is returned to the upstream side of the denitrification apparatus of the other series in operation. 3. A method for starting a combustion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that high-temperature exhaust gas from another series of combustion devices in operation is also introduced into the denitrification device before and after startup.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56063216A JPS57179510A (en) | 1981-04-27 | 1981-04-27 | Operating method of combustion equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56063216A JPS57179510A (en) | 1981-04-27 | 1981-04-27 | Operating method of combustion equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57179510A JPS57179510A (en) | 1982-11-05 |
| JPH0233924B2 true JPH0233924B2 (en) | 1990-07-31 |
Family
ID=13222779
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56063216A Granted JPS57179510A (en) | 1981-04-27 | 1981-04-27 | Operating method of combustion equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57179510A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5293818A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-08-06 | Engelhard Min & Chem | Method of starting combustion system using catalyst |
-
1981
- 1981-04-27 JP JP56063216A patent/JPS57179510A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5293818A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-08-06 | Engelhard Min & Chem | Method of starting combustion system using catalyst |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57179510A (en) | 1982-11-05 |
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