JPH0231173B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0231173B2 JPH0231173B2 JP57173990A JP17399082A JPH0231173B2 JP H0231173 B2 JPH0231173 B2 JP H0231173B2 JP 57173990 A JP57173990 A JP 57173990A JP 17399082 A JP17399082 A JP 17399082A JP H0231173 B2 JPH0231173 B2 JP H0231173B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- floating body
- layer
- protective
- corrosion
- corrosion layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/60—Piles with protecting cases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は海洋構造物の柱などに腐食防止のため
に施された防食層を保護する方法及びそれに用い
る保護浮体に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for protecting an anticorrosive layer applied to pillars of marine structures to prevent corrosion, and a protective floating body used therein.
海上や海岸などに建造される海洋構造物は海水
や潮風の影響を受けて腐食し易く、特にその柱は
海水の満干と潮風の影響を直接受けるため腐食し
易いので、防食、防錆のため塗覆装を施して防食
層を形成することが行われている。 Marine structures built on the sea or on the coast are susceptible to corrosion due to the influence of seawater and sea breeze, and their pillars in particular are susceptible to corrosion as they are directly affected by the ebbs and flows of seawater and sea breeze. It is common practice to apply coating to form an anti-corrosion layer.
而して、上記の防食層を形成すると、すぐれた
防食、防錆効果があることは実験や実績により明
らかにされているが、海洋では木材や種々の浮遊
物があり、この浮遊物が防食層を形成した柱など
に衝突すると、防食層を損傷して、そこから海水
が直接柱などに接触するため、前記柱などを腐食
から守ることが不可能になるし、また、防食層に
は種々の海洋生物が付着し、防食層を冒して防食
効果を損なうおそれがある。そこで防食層を厚く
したり、防食層の上にセメントモルタルやFRP
などを積層し重塗覆層を形成して防食層を保護す
ることが考えられているが、実際にはその作業が
海上作業であるため、前記セメントモルタル等を
防食層に完全に被覆することは困難であるばかり
でなく、その作業に要する費用は極めて高くつく
という難点がある。 Experiments and results have shown that forming the above-mentioned anti-corrosion layer has excellent anti-corrosion and rust-preventing effects, but in the ocean there are wood and various floating objects, and these floating objects are If it collides with a pillar with a layer formed on it, the corrosion protection layer will be damaged and the seawater will come into direct contact with the pillar, making it impossible to protect the pillar from corrosion. There is a risk that various marine organisms may adhere to the surface and attack the anti-corrosion layer, impairing the anti-corrosion effect. Therefore, we made the anti-corrosion layer thicker, and added cement mortar or FRP on top of the anti-corrosion layer.
It is considered to protect the anti-corrosion layer by laminating cement mortar, etc. to form a heavy coating layer, but in reality, the work is done at sea, so it is necessary to completely cover the anti-corrosion layer with the cement mortar, etc. Not only is it difficult, but the cost of doing so is extremely high.
本発明は、海洋構造物の柱などに防食防錆のた
めに塗膜した防食層の外側に、外面に突起物など
による衝撃緩和層を有し内面に弾力層を有する管
状の保護浮体を、該保護浮体の弾力層と前記柱な
どの防食層との隙間を狭くして遊嵌し、該防食層
に海上浮遊物などが直接衝当したり接触したりす
るのを防止するとともに、前記防食層に付着しよ
うとするか、又は、付着した海洋生物を、前記保
護浮体が潮の干満や波動等により上下動或は回転
されることによつて除去することを特徴とするも
のであり、また、前記方法に用いる保護浮体の構
成は、保護すべき海洋構造物の柱などに施された
防食層の保護すべき部分の外周に狭い隙間を保持
して遊嵌される縦方向に分割可能な管状の保護浮
体であつて、その外面に衝撃緩和層を有するとと
もに、内面に弾力層を有することを特徴とするも
のである。 The present invention provides a tubular protective floating body having a shock-reducing layer made of protrusions on the outer surface and an elastic layer on the inner surface, on the outside of the anti-corrosion layer coated on the pillars of marine structures for corrosion and rust prevention. The elastic layer of the protective floating body and the anti-corrosion layer such as the pillar are loosely fitted by narrowing the gap to prevent marine floating objects from directly hitting or coming into contact with the anti-corrosion layer, and the anti-corrosion layer It is characterized in that marine organisms that try to adhere to the layer or have adhered to the layer are removed by the protective floating body being moved up and down or rotated by the ebb and flow of the tide, wave motion, etc., and , the structure of the protective floating body used in the above method is that it is vertically divisible and loosely fitted around the outer periphery of the part to be protected of the anti-corrosion layer applied to the pillars of the marine structure to be protected. It is a tubular protective floating body characterized by having a shock-reducing layer on its outer surface and an elastic layer on its inner surface.
即ち、本発明は、海洋構造物の例えば柱に施し
た防食層を海上浮遊物から保護したり、該防食層
に海洋生物が付着してそれを冒すのを阻止するた
め、適宜長の管状等をなす保護浮体を、使用時そ
の上部の適宜長が浮上するように遊嵌すれば、海
上浮遊物が直接防食層に衝当したり接触するのを
防止でき、更に保護浮体の内壁と防食層との間隙
を狭くすれば、防食層に海洋生物が付着するのを
防止できるのを発想からなされたものであつて、
保護浮体はプラスチツク、ゴム、木材、無機質
材、これらの複合材、発泡材、空気等のガス体を
封入した浮材等で、通常、見掛上海水より比重が
小さくて海に浮き海上浮遊物による衝撃に耐える
耐食性のものが用いられ、比重が海水より大きい
ものである場合は、その周壁等に浮きを取附けて
保護浮体の上部の適宜長が海面上に浮上するよう
にするものとし、一般には、柱の防食層の保護す
べき部分の全周を囲い、海水の波力や潮の満干に
より浮力と重さによつて、柱に沿い上部が海面上
に出た状態で上下動すればよいが、柱に突起物が
設けられているような場合には、それを避けて上
下動できるようにスリツトを設けて、保護すべき
防食層の一部を除く略全周を囲むようにしてもよ
い。 That is, the present invention provides a method for protecting an anti-corrosion layer applied to a pillar of a marine structure, for example, from floating objects on the sea, and for preventing marine organisms from adhering to the anti-corrosion layer and damaging it. By fitting the protective floating body loosely so that the appropriate length of its upper part floats during use, floating objects on the sea can be prevented from directly hitting or coming into contact with the anti-corrosion layer, and the inner wall of the protective floating body and the anti-corrosive layer can be The idea was that by narrowing the gap between the anti-corrosion layer and the anti-corrosion layer, marine organisms could be prevented from adhering to it.
Protective floating bodies are made of plastic, rubber, wood, inorganic materials, composite materials of these materials, foamed materials, floating materials filled with gas such as air, etc., and usually have a specific gravity lower than the apparent sea water and float in the sea, forming floating objects on the sea. If a material with corrosion resistance that can withstand the impact of In general, the area to be protected by the anti-corrosion layer of the pillar is enclosed all around, and is moved up and down along the pillar by the buoyancy and weight of seawater waves and the ebb and flow of the tide, with the top part above the sea surface. However, if the pillar has a protrusion, it is also possible to provide a slit so that it can move up and down to avoid it, and surround almost the entire circumference except for a part of the anti-corrosion layer that should be protected. good.
而して、管状をなす保護浮体の長さや形状は、
海洋構造物の建てられている海域の状況や海上浮
遊物の内容により、適宜判断して決定するものと
する。 Therefore, the length and shape of the tubular protective floating body are as follows:
Decisions shall be made based on appropriate judgment depending on the conditions of the sea area where the marine structure is built and the contents of floating objects on the sea.
また、海上浮遊物の衝突などによる衝撃を緩和
するために保護浮体の外周に突起物やリング状の
突帯や保護板による衝撃緩和層を設けており、一
方、海上浮遊物が保護浮体に衝当した場合、該保
護浮体が防食層に衝突しても該防食層が損傷しな
いように保護浮体の内面にスポンジ等の緩衝材を
装着している。 In addition, in order to reduce the impact caused by collisions with objects floating on the sea, a shock-absorbing layer is provided on the outer periphery of the protective floating body using protrusions, ring-shaped protrusions, and protective plates. In this case, a cushioning material such as a sponge is attached to the inner surface of the protective floating body so that the protective floating body will not be damaged even if the protective floating body collides with the anticorrosive layer.
更に、管状の保護浮体はこれを前記柱等にセツ
トし易くするために縦方向に分割できる構造と
し、ボルトや接着剤等により接合、分離自在にす
る。 Further, the tubular protective floating body has a structure that can be divided in the vertical direction so that it can be easily set on the pillar, etc., and can be joined and separated by bolts, adhesive, etc.
加えて、柱等と管状の保護浮体の間に、小型の
海洋浮遊物が入り込むと、これにより前記柱等の
防食層を損傷するおそれがあるため、本発明では
そのような浮遊物の入り込みを防止するため保護
浮体と柱等の防食層との隙間を狭くなるように当
該管状保護浮体の内径を設定すると共に、保護浮
体の外周の衝撃緩和層を例えば突起状に形成し、
浮遊物や波がこの突起に当ることにより、保護浮
体の積極的回転を図り、これによつて、柱等の外
面に付着した海洋生物の除去、或は、その付着を
未然に防止するようにする。 In addition, if small marine floating objects enter between the pillars, etc. and the tubular protective floating body, this may damage the corrosion protection layer of the pillars, etc., so the present invention prevents such floating objects from entering. In order to prevent this, the inner diameter of the tubular protective floating body is set so as to narrow the gap between the protective floating body and the anticorrosion layer such as a column, and the impact mitigation layer on the outer periphery of the protective floating body is formed, for example, in the shape of a protrusion.
When floating objects and waves hit these protrusions, the protective floating body is actively rotated, thereby removing marine organisms attached to the outer surface of the pillars, etc., or preventing their attachment. do.
次に本発明の実施の一例を図に拠り説明する。 Next, an example of implementation of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、１は海洋構造物の柱、２は該
柱１の外周に設けた防食層、３は内径が前記柱１
の外径より大きい管状で縦方向に分割できる保護
浮体、Ｌは海面で、海水の比重を1.02〜1.03とし
た場合、保護浮体３には比重0.93程度のポリエチ
レン製のものを用いて、図のように柱１に遊嵌す
れば、海水と保護浮体３との比重差が約10％であ
るので、保護浮体３の上部約10％が海上に浮出た
状態即ち、保護浮体３が２ｍの長さのものであれ
ば、その上部約20cmが海面Ｌ上に浮出し、残り約
180cmが海面Ｌ下に在る状態で、防食層２を保護
するのであるが、保護浮体３は潮の満干で上下に
移動すると共に波の動きでも移動するし、一方、
海上浮遊物は海面一定水深にしか存在しないの
で、海上浮遊物が柱１に衝当したり接触しようと
しても保護浮体３に衝当つて直接防食層２に衝当
したり接触したりすることはなく、従つて海上浮
遊物の衝撃や摩擦により防食層２が損傷されるお
それはないし、また、保護浮体２は前述のように
殆んど絶えず移動しているため、防食層２の表面
に具などの海洋生物が付着するのを防止すること
ができる。 In FIG. 1, 1 is a column of a marine structure, 2 is a corrosion protection layer provided on the outer periphery of the column 1, and 3 is an inner diameter of the column 1.
A protective floating body with a tubular shape that is larger than the outer diameter of If it is fitted loosely into the pillar 1 as shown, the difference in specific gravity between the seawater and the protective floating body 3 is about 10%, so the upper part of the protective floating body 3 will be in a state where about 10% is floating on the sea, that is, the protective floating body 3 will be 2 m long. If it is long, about 20 cm of the top will float above the sea surface L, and the remaining about 20 cm will float above the sea surface L.
The protective floating body 3 protects the anti-corrosion layer 2 while 180 cm is below the sea level L, but the protective floating body 3 moves up and down with the ebb and flow of the tide and also moves with the movement of waves.
Floating objects on the sea only exist at a certain depth at the sea surface, so even if floating objects on the sea hit or try to contact the pillar 1, they will hit the protective floating body 3 and will not directly hit or contact the anti-corrosion layer 2. Therefore, there is no risk that the anti-corrosion layer 2 will be damaged by the impact or friction of objects floating on the sea, and since the protective floating body 2 is almost constantly moving as described above, there is no possibility that the surface of the anti-corrosive layer 2 will be damaged. It can prevent marine organisms such as
尚、海洋生物の防食層２への付着を効果よく防
止するためには、保護浮体３を細身にして防食層
２との間隙を狭くすればよく、このようにすれ
ば、保護浮体３の内壁が防食層２に接触する度合
が多くなるので、既に防食層２に付着した海洋生
物を除去することも出来る。 In order to effectively prevent marine organisms from adhering to the anti-corrosion layer 2, the protective floating body 3 may be made slender and the gap between the protective floating body 3 and the anti-corrosion layer 2 may be narrowed. Since the degree of contact with the anti-corrosion layer 2 increases, marine organisms that have already adhered to the anti-corrosion layer 2 can also be removed.
また、第２図は、発泡ポリエチレン３１をサン
ドウイツチ状に介在させ、全体の比重を約0.5と
した全長３ｍの管状の保護浮体３′を以て柱１に
施された防食層２を保護している状態を示すもの
で、この保護浮体３′は通常150cmが海上、残りの
150cmが海中に在ることになるから、波浪等によ
る海面Ｌの変化に対して、かなり広範囲で防食層
２を保護することが可能である。 FIG. 2 shows a state in which the anti-corrosion layer 2 applied to the pillar 1 is protected by a tubular protective floating body 3' with a total length of 3 m, with foamed polyethylene 31 interposed in a sandwich-like manner and a total specific gravity of approximately 0.5. This protective floating body 3' is usually 150cm above sea level and the rest
Since 150 cm is underwater, it is possible to protect the anti-corrosion layer 2 over a fairly wide area against changes in the sea level L due to waves and the like.
尚、上記第１図、第２図に示されている保護浮
体３，３′の内面には、図には表われないが、ス
ポンジ等の緩衝材からなる弾力層が形成され、ま
た外面には突起物やリング状の突帯や保護板から
なる衝撃緩和層が形成されているものとする。 Although not shown in the figures, an elastic layer made of a cushioning material such as sponge is formed on the inner surface of the protective floating bodies 3 and 3' shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 above, and an elastic layer is formed on the outer surface. It is assumed that a shock-absorbing layer consisting of protrusions, ring-shaped protrusions, and protective plates is formed.
本発明は上述の通りであつて、海洋構造物の柱
などに防食防錆のため塗覆した防食層の外側に、
分割タイプの管状の保護浮体を前記柱等との隙間
を狭くして遊嵌することにより、前記防食層に海
上浮遊物などが直接衝当したり隙間に入つて柱等
の防食層に接触したりすることを積極的に防止
し、前記防食層を保護することができる。また、
該防食層へ海洋生物が付着することも、潮の干満
等や海洋浮遊物の衝突等することによつて生起さ
れる保護浮体の昇降や回転と、柱等の防食層と保
護浮体の弾力層の面同士が近接して配設されてい
ることとが相俟つて、前記両層の面同士が適宜接
触摺動し効果的に防止できるから、従来の防食層
の様に水中作業により保護層を積層する方法に比
し、極めて容易かつ廉価で実施することが出来
る。 The present invention is as described above, and on the outside of the anticorrosion layer coated on the pillars of marine structures for corrosion and rust prevention.
By loosely fitting a split type tubular protective floating body with a narrow gap between it and the pillars, etc., it is possible to prevent marine floating objects from directly hitting the corrosion protection layer or entering the gap and coming into contact with the corrosion protection layer such as the pillars. It is possible to actively prevent corrosion and protect the anti-corrosion layer. Also,
The adhesion of marine organisms to the anti-corrosion layer is caused by the lifting and rotation of the protective floating body caused by ebb and flow of the tide, collision with marine floating objects, etc., and by the corrosion-protective layer such as pillars and the elastic layer of the protective floating body. Coupled with the fact that the surfaces of the two layers are disposed close to each other, the surfaces of both layers can contact each other appropriately and effectively prevent the corrosion. Compared to the method of laminating layers, it is extremely easy and inexpensive to carry out.
更に、保護浮体は縦方向に分割できるから、こ
の保護浮体が損傷した場合、簡単に取り替えるこ
とが可能であり、保護浮体は工場生産が可能であ
るため、良質の製品を廉価で得られる。 Furthermore, since the protective floating body can be divided vertically, if the protective floating body is damaged, it can be easily replaced, and since the protective floating body can be manufactured in a factory, a high-quality product can be obtained at a low price.
図は本発明の実施例を示すもので、第１図、第
２図とも縦断面図である。
１……柱、２……防食層、３……保護浮体、３
１……発泡ポリエチレン、Ｌ……海面。
The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and both FIGS. 1 and 2 are longitudinal sectional views. 1... Column, 2... Corrosion protection layer, 3... Protective floating body, 3
1... Polyethylene foam, L... Sea surface.
Claims (1)
した防食層の外側に、外面に突起物などによる衝
撃緩和層を有し内面に弾力層を有する管状の保護
浮体を、該保護浮体の弾力層と前記柱などの防食
層との隙間を狭くして遊嵌し、該防食層に海上浮
遊物などが直接衝当したり接触したりするのを防
止するとともに、前記防食層に付着しようとする
か、又は、付着した海洋生物を、前記保護浮体が
潮の干満や波動等により上下動或は回転されるこ
とによつて除去することを特徴とする海洋構造物
の柱などに施された防食層を保護する方法。 ２ 保護すべき海洋構造物の柱などに施された防
食層の保護すべき部分の外周に狭い隙間を保持し
て遊嵌される縦方向に分割可能な管状の保護浮体
であつて、その外面に衝撃緩和層を有するととも
に、内面に弾力層を有することを特徴とする保護
浮体。 ３ 保護浮体の外面に有する衝撃緩和層は、前記
保護浮体の外周に設けられた突起物やリング状の
突帯或は保護板である特許請求の範囲第２項に記
載した保護浮体。[Claims] 1. A tubular protection having a shock-reducing layer made of protrusions on the outer surface and an elastic layer on the inner surface, on the outside of an anti-corrosion layer coated on pillars of marine structures for corrosion and rust prevention. The floating body is loosely fitted by narrowing the gap between the elastic layer of the protective floating body and the anti-corrosion layer such as the pillar, to prevent objects floating on the sea from directly colliding with or coming into contact with the anti-corrosion layer. , a marine structure characterized in that marine organisms that attempt to adhere to or adhere to the anti-corrosion layer are removed by the protective floating body being moved up and down or rotated by tides, waves, etc. A method of protecting the anti-corrosion layer applied to the pillars of objects. 2. A tubular protective floating body that can be divided vertically and is loosely fitted with a narrow gap around the outer periphery of the part to be protected of the anti-corrosion layer applied to the pillars, etc. of marine structures to be protected, and whose outer surface A protective floating body characterized by having a shock-reducing layer on the inner surface and an elastic layer on the inner surface. 3. The protective floating body according to claim 2, wherein the impact mitigation layer provided on the outer surface of the protective floating body is a protrusion, a ring-shaped protrusion, or a protective plate provided on the outer periphery of the protective floating body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17399082A JPS5965128A (en) | 1982-10-05 | 1982-10-05 | Protection of anticorrosive layer applied to pillar of marine structure and protective float therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17399082A JPS5965128A (en) | 1982-10-05 | 1982-10-05 | Protection of anticorrosive layer applied to pillar of marine structure and protective float therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5965128A JPS5965128A (en) | 1984-04-13 |
| JPH0231173B2 true JPH0231173B2 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
Family
ID=15970724
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17399082A Granted JPS5965128A (en) | 1982-10-05 | 1982-10-05 | Protection of anticorrosive layer applied to pillar of marine structure and protective float therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5965128A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101710098B1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2017-02-27 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Ice removal facility for cylindrical offshore structure |
| WO2020045701A1 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-03-05 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Glacier avoiding apparatus of cylindrical offshore structure |
| CN110747476B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-09-17 | 鑫金诚防腐工程（厦门）有限公司 | Anode device for corrosion protection of tidal range region of ocean engineering structure |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS518587U (en) * | 1974-07-05 | 1976-01-22 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5941230Y2 (en) * | 1980-05-26 | 1984-11-27 | 出光興産株式会社 | Device to prevent adhesion of shellfish, etc. |
-
1982
- 1982-10-05 JP JP17399082A patent/JPS5965128A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS518587U (en) * | 1974-07-05 | 1976-01-22 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5965128A (en) | 1984-04-13 |
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