JPH02311208A - Deep hole working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an unmanned deep hole working machine with high efficiency by providing a workpiece clamping means, workpiece a stopping means, chip recovering means and workpiece reversing means to automatically exchange a deep hole working tool received in a tool storing magazine between a spindle and said magazine. CONSTITUTION:An ATC 6 is disposed between a tool storing magazine 5 receiving a plurality of tools 4 and a spindle 2 to automatically exchange the tools 4 between said magazine 5 and spindle 24. A workpiece clamping means 7 constituted of a workpiece reversing means 70 and a workpiece clamping mechanism 71 is provided on a base 10 and a workpiece stopping means 8 stretching from the rear of the workpiece W receives a thrust load of the tool 4 generated in working the workpiece. The workpiece reversing means 70 can rotate a table plate 72 a half revolution about the vertical axis. Chips is discharged through a through hole provided in the tool 4 and a through hole in a draw bar in the spindle to a chip recovering means 9 by cutting agent jetted from an end of the tool.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a deep hole drilling machine, and particularly to a versatile deep hole drilling machine capable of automatic operation.

[Conventional technology]

The following three methods are known as typical deep hole processing methods for drilling a deep hole 20 times or more the hole diameter.

The first method is called the gun drill method, in which high-pressure cutting fluid is fed from the rear end of the tool into an oil tank that penetrates the inside of a tool with an eccentric cutting edge, and flows out from the tip to the cutting point. The chips are discharged to the outside through the groove of the tool shank along with the chips generated during cutting.

The second method is called the ejector drill method, which has a double oil hole in the drill, supplies cutting fluid from the outer channel, and discharges it along with chips through the inner channel. .

Furthermore, the third method is called the BTA method, in which the cutting agent is supplied from the gap between the drill and the inner surface of the hole, and is discharged from the hole in the center of the drill, similar to the ejector drill method.

Whichever of the above methods is used, it is a special-purpose deep hole drilling machine. That is, each workpiece transported by the transporting means is manually clamped to the workpiece clamping means, and a deep hole machining tool corresponding to the workpiece is selected from a tool storage or the like that stores various deep hole machining tools. The deep hole machining tool was attached to the spindle side chuck and the specified machining was performed.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, conventional deep hole drilling machines require manual setup work when attaching and detaching the workpiece and the deep hole machining tool, which takes time and reduces machining efficiency. Ta.

In addition, regarding deep hole processing machines, there was a demand for an automated machine that would solve the above problems, and a patent application filed by the same applicant
Automation techniques are disclosed in No. 3-213895. However, in the implementation stage, handling of deep hole machining tools and workpiece clamping methods are required.

There were various problems in automating the collection of chips and cutting fluid, etc., and it was still far from perfect.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems. The purpose of the present invention is (1) deep hole machining, especially based on the ejector drill system, and (2) automatic tool exchange between various deep hole machining tools stored in a tool storage magazine with the main spindle. - To efficiently and reliably discharge chips and cutting fluids. - During workpiece machining, the workpiece is pressed separately from the workpiece clamping means to hold the workpiece more safely and to To provide a highly efficient deep hole machining machine that can prevent cutting fluid from being ejected due to deep hole penetration, is completely automated, and can be operated unmanned.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The present invention takes the following measures to solve the above problems. That is, a bed provided on a base of a machine tool, a main spindle provided on the bed and rotatably supported and movable in the axial direction of the main spindle, and a headstock attached to the main spindle and provided with a depth. a deep hole machining tool for performing hole machining; a tool storage magazine provided on the base adjacent to the headstock for storing the deep hole machining tool; and a tool storage magazine provided in the tool storage magazine and the tool storage magazine and the main spindle. and a workpiece clamping means provided on the base in front of the headstock in the direction of movement of the headstock and gripping the workpiece. It was used as a hole processing machine.

In the deep hole machining machine, when deep hole machining is performed, an end portion of the workpiece gripped by the workpiece clamping means is placed on a base at a position facing the headstock while sandwiching the workpiece clamping means. A pressing work stopper means is provided.

The deep hole machining machine also includes the deep hole machining tool.
- A chip collection means was provided behind the headstock for collecting chips generated from the tip through the spindle together with cutting agent.

Further, the deep hole drilling machine is provided with a workpiece reversing means that allows the workpiece gripped by the workpiece clamping means to rotate 180 degrees.

[Effect]

The workpiece transported by the transporting means is clamped by the workpiece clamping means. During this time, the work stopper means is retracted from the work clamp means, and is swung down when the work is completely clamped. Then, the pressing portion of the workpiece stopper means is pressed against the rear end of the workpiece and is on standby.

On the other hand, the deep hole machining tool in the tool storage magazine corresponding to the workpiece is inserted into the main spindle in the headstock by ATC,
Predetermined deep hole machining is performed. Chips generated during machining are collected together with a large amount of cutting fluid from the inside of the deep hole machining tool, through the spindle, and into a chip collection means behind the headstock.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the deep hole drilling machine M of the present invention has a bed 1 provided on a base 10, and a machine that moves on this bed 1 in the Z-axis (spindle axis) direction. A headstock 2 that can be used as a spindle, a deep hole machining tool 4 (hereinafter referred to as a tool) that is inserted into the main spindle 24 in the headstock 2, and a tool storage magazine 5 that is provided on the side of the base 10. , an ATC (automatic tool changer) 6 provided between the headstock 2 and the tool storage magazine 5, a work clamping means 7 for clamping a long work such as a spindle, and a position adjacent to the work clamping means 7. Works 1 - collar means 8 provided in
The main element is a chip collecting means 9 provided behind the headstock 2. Next, these main elements will be explained in order.

A bed 1 is provided on a base 10 installed on the floor. The bed 1 is formed to have a length that allows the headstock 2 to move in the Z-axis direction.

Two guide members 11 are provided on both sides of the bed 1 in the longitudinal direction, and are configured to engage with guide grooves 20a on the lower surface of the sliding plate 20, which will be described below. A bracket 21 is fixed to the lower surface of the sliding plate 20, and the bracket 21 constitutes a nut and is screwed into a ball screw 22. This ball screw 22 is connected to a servo motor 23 fixed to one end of the bed. Therefore, when the servo motor 23 is started, the sliding plate 20 and the headstock 2 move back and forth in the Z-axis direction via the bracket 21 due to the rotation of the ball screw 22. Note that a space continuous in the Z-axis direction is formed in the center of the bed 1 so that the bracket 21 can move.

As shown in FIG. 4, the headstock 2 includes a rotatable main shaft 24, etc., and an intermediate member 33 is integrally attached to the main shaft 24 with a bolt 34, forming the tip of the main shaft. are doing. The main shaft 24 is connected to the main shaft rotation motor 2 behind the main spindle 2 by meshing a gear (circuit) fixed to the main shaft 24 with a rotation transmission mechanism (circuit) in the head stock 2.
The rotation from 5 is transmitted and rotates. 26 and 27 are pulleys that transmit the rotation of the main shaft rotation motor 25.

A moving member 32 is mounted inside the front end of the main shaft, and a collet 28 for gripping a tool is inserted into this moving member 32. This collet 28 is capable of chucking the straight shank portion of the tool 4, and also allows the tool 4 to be easily attached to and detached from the main shaft.

Note that this cholera 1 to 28 is a well-known technique, so a detailed explanation will be omitted. The movable member 32 is connected at its rear portion to the tip of a drawbar 29 that passes through the main shaft 24 in the axial direction. The rear end of this drawbar 29 is connected to a piston 31 of a chuck cylinder 30. Therefore, the a and b cylinder chambers 30a of the chuck cylinder 30.

By supplying pressure oil to 30b, the cholera chucks 1 to 35 can be opened and closed. That is, if pressure oil is supplied to the a cylinder chamber 30a of the chuck cylinder 30, the screw 1
- the drawbar 29 is moved backward (moved to the right in the Z-axis direction in FIG. 4). When the drawbar 29 is moved backward, the movable member 32 is also moved back, and the collet 28 is loosened, so that the tool 4 is unclamped.

On the other hand, if pressure oil is supplied to the b cylinder chamber 30b,
Piston 31. The drawbar 29 moves forward, the moving member 32 also moves forward, the collet 28 is fastened, and the tool 4 is firmly gripped.

A tool 4 is inserted into the collet 28. The deep hole machining tool 4 in the deep hole machining machine M of the present invention uses an ejector drill method. In other words, the drill has a double oil hole, and cutting fluid is supplied from the outer channel and discharged along with chips through the inner channel. Note that this tool has already been filed by the same applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 63-2138954 titled ``Deep Hole Machining Method and Apparatus Therefor'', so a detailed explanation will be omitted.

A tool storage magazine 5 is provided on one side of the base 10, and a plurality of tools 4 are stored therein so as to accommodate various workpiece diameters and workpiece lengths. This tool 4 has a cutting edge that is much longer than the gripping shank.
Therefore, the weight is large, and the center of gravity is located away from the gripping shank. Therefore, when gripping the tool 4 within the tool storage magazine 5, the gripping portion must be configured to withstand the weight of the tool 4. Regarding a device that firmly grips the tool 4 and allows it to be easily attached and detached, the same applicant has published [Tool Clamping/Unclamping Device for Tool Storage Magazine, Hei-1-4].
Since the application has already been filed under the title "-24 condyle," a detailed explanation will be omitted.

An ATC is provided between the tool storage magazine 5 and the headstock 2.
C is installed. This ATCC is for automatically exchanging the tool 4 between the tool storage magazine 5 and the spindle 24. The ATCC has a well-known function, and the ATCC can swing 90° about the support shaft 60. Eight TC6 twin arms 6
1 is configured to be rotatable by 180 degrees around the twin arm rotation shaft 62 and also movable in the axial direction of the twin arm rotation shaft 62 and in the longitudinal direction of the twin arm 61.

A work clamping means 7 is provided in front of the hend 1, that is, on a base 10 at a position facing the tool 4 inserted into the main shaft 24. This work clamping means 7 is for clamping a long work such as a spindle in preparation for machining, and is composed of a work reversing means 70 and a work clamping mechanism 71.

The work reversing means 70 has a built-in vertical table clamp/unclamp mechanism (circuit) and a two-rotation drive mechanism (circuit), similar to rotary tables used in other machine tools. The configuration is such that the plate 72 can be rotated 1/2 rotation around a vertical axis.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 5 and 6, the work clamp mechanism 71 includes a motor 73 with a reduction gear, a threaded rod 74. cradle 75. It is composed of a claw 76, a nut 77, etc., and is provided on a table plate 72.

An engagement groove 72a is formed in the table plate 72 in the longitudinal direction, and a pair of pedestals 75 are provided in the engagement groove 72a.
is slidably inserted. A nut 77 is fixed to each pedestal 75. That is, a pair of pedestals 75.7
5 slides in the engagement groove 72a of the table plate 72, and the claws 76.76 are attached to the front surface of the pedestal 75.75 in the direction of movement.
the nut 7 so that it moves in the direction of gripping the workpiece W.
7° 77 and the threaded rod 74 has a right-hand thread 74a in half.
However, the left-hand thread 74b is machined on the remaining part, and the nut 77
．． Threads corresponding to the right-handed thread 74a and left-handed thread 74b of the threaded rod 74 are machined in 77, respectively. Said pedestal 75.
The upper step part of 75 is the engagement groove 72 of the table plate 72.
It is locked by a cover plate 78 that covers the upper part of the pedestal 7.
5.75 is prevented from coming out upwards.

One end of the threaded rod 74 is rotatably supported by a circuit bearing or the like, and the other end is connected to a motor 73 with a speed reducer provided at one end of the table plate 72. Two sets of such structures are provided on the left and right sides symmetrically with respect to the center of the rotary table 70.

That is, this is because the workpiece W is to be clamped at two locations. Therefore, the motors with reducers 73.
When the threaded rod 74 is rotated by driving the threaded rod 73, the decelerated rotation of the threaded rod 74 causes the pedestals 75, 75 and the pawls 76 to move toward each other via the nuts 77 and 77. Then, the workpiece W is gripped. When unclamping the workpiece W, the pedestal 75.75 may be moved in the direction in which the claws 76.76 are separated from each other by rotating the motor in the opposite direction.

A work stopper means 8 is provided on the base 10 on the opposite side of the headstock 2 with the work clamp means 7 interposed therebetween. This work stopper means 8 has the role of receiving the thrust load from the tool 4 generated during workpiece machining by thrusting from the rear of the workpiece W, and when the tool 4 penetrates the workpiece W.
Its role is to prevent high-pressure coolant from scattering from the tip of the tool and contaminating the environment. As shown in FIG. 3, the work stopper means 8 is mainly composed of a mounting table 80, a pressing cylinder 81, a swinging cylinder 82, a pressing member 83, and the like.

First, for installation, the stand 80 is fixed on the base 10, and the intermediate trunnion type pressing cylinder 8 is mounted on the stand 80.
1 is provided with a trunnion shaft 81a supported by a bearing 84. Next, a crankshaft-shaped connecting member 85 is attached to one trunnion shaft 81a of this pressing cylinder 81.
This connecting member 85 is connected via a knuckle 87 to a cylinder rod 82a of a swing cylinder 82 which is attached to a stand 80 via a bracket 86 so that the cylinder rod faces upward. .

A pressing member 83 is removably attached to the cylinder rod 81b of the pressing cylinder 81. For this pressing, a hole that can accommodate the tool diameter is drilled halfway in the tip of the member 83, and even if the tool 4 penetrates the workpiece W, the tip of the tool 4 will press into the hole in the member 83. In order to completely machine the workpiece, the tool has extra stroke to escape, and it also prevents coolant etc. from scattering around. Further, during pressing, a workpiece protection material such as neoprene rubber is applied to the workpiece contacting surface of the member 83 to prevent the workpiece from being damaged.

The work stopper means 8 drives the swinging cylinder 82 to retract the cylinder rod 82a when loading and unloading the workpiece, and swings the pressing cylinder 81 in a substantially vertical direction so as not to interfere with the workpiece W. Once the workpiece W is clamped by the workpiece clamping means 8, the cylinder rod 82a of the swinging cylinder 82 is advanced to swing the pressing cylinder 81 in the horizontal direction. Next, the cylinder rod 81b of the pressing cylinder 81 is advanced to press the member 83 against the rear end surface of the workpiece W. The operation of the work stopper means 8 is the above-described repetitive operation.

In the deep hole machining machine M of the present invention, chips are collected at the rear of the deep hole machining machine M through the through hole drilled in the tool 4 and the through hole of the drawbar 29 in the spindle by the cutting fluid ejected from the tip of the tool. It is configured to be discharged into means 9. The chip collection means 9 includes a discharge chute 90 and a collection chute 91 . Cutting agent tank 92. It is constructed with a chip conveyor 93 etc. as its main elements.

The discharge chute 90 is attached to one end of the bed 1, and the inlet 90a side is provided so as to wrap around the cutting cylinder 30, that is, to wrap it to the extent that cutting fluid and chips are not scattered. The bottom surface is formed with a gentle slope to allow chips to flow easily. The outlet 90b is an open opening directed downward.

The collection chute 91 has one end supported by the end of the bed 1,
The central portion is supported by a support 94.

It has the same shape as the ejection chute 90 in plan view, and is formed with an open upper part so as to surround the exits 90b of the ejection shoes 1 to 90. Collection chute 91
The bottom surface is inclined from both ends toward the center, so that chips and cutting fluids tend to collect in the center. The outlet 91b of the recovery chute 91 is also opened downward, and a chip conveyor 93 is disposed directly below the outlet 91b. This chip conhair 93 may be a commercially available one, and is configured so that the cutting fluid flows into the cutting fluid tank 92 and the chips are sent to the chip collecting device of the circuit.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as above will be explained.

The motor 73 with a speed reducer of the work clamping means 7 is driven to open the claws 76 and stand by.

A long workpiece W such as a spindle is transferred to the workpiece clamping means 7 by a circuit conveying means (for example, a gantry loader, etc.)
When the workpiece W is transported to a predetermined position and lowered to a predetermined position, the motor 73 with a reduction gear is driven to close the claws 76 to grip the workpiece W. Next, the pressing cylinder 81 of the work stopper means 8, which has been retracted in the vertical direction, is caused to swing in the horizontal direction by advancing the cylinder rod 82a of the swing cylinder 82. Subsequently, the suppression cylinder 81 is driven to move the cylinder rod 81b forward, and the pressing member 83 is pressed against the workpiece W.
Press it against the rear end surface of.

On the other hand, on the spindle side, the tool 4 corresponding to the workpiece has already been replaced. That is, the tool 4 indexed to the tool exchange position in the tool storage magazine 5 is extracted by the ATC 6, swung, and inserted into the collet chuck 35 in the main shaft 24.

In the main shaft 24, which is waiting with the collet 28 loosened, when the tool 4 is inserted, pressure oil is supplied to the a cylinder chamber 30a of the chuck cylinder 30, the piston 31 is retreated, the collet chuck 35 is fastened, and the tool 4 is inserted. Have them grasp 4. At this time, ATC6 has returned to its initial standby position.

Next, a predetermined deep hole machining is performed by moving the headstock 2 in the Z-axis direction by driving the servo mork 23 and rotating the spindle by driving the spindle rotation motor 25. Chips generated during machining pass from the cavity in the tool to the draw tube in the spindle together with the cutting agent to the discharge chute 9 of the chip collection means 9.
Ejected to 0.

Then, the chips and cutting agent collected from the discharge chute 90 to the collection shoe 1 91 are sent to the chip con-hair 93. It is recovered to 92.

When performing deep hole machining on the workpiece W from both ends of the workpiece W,
After completing machining from one direction, first move the tool 4 backward. Next, the pressing cylinder 8 of the work stopper means 8
1 is driven to push the member 83 back from the end surface of the workpiece W. Then, the workpiece reversing means 70 of the workpiece clamping means 7 is rotated 180 degrees to reverse the workpiece W. After the workpiece W is reversed, the workpiece W is pressed and supported by the workpiece stopper means 8, and deep hole machining is performed as described above.

Thereafter, deep hole machining of the workpiece W will be performed by repeating the same operation.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the deep hole drilling machine of the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects. That is, (2) the provision of the tool storage magazine and ATC enables automatic tool exchange of deep hole machining tools between the tool storage magazine and the spindle.

■Also, since the workpiece clamping means can rotate with the workpiece clamped, it is possible to drill deep holes from both the front and back directions of the workpiece's axis, and the rigidity can be increased because it is fixed and does not move by rotation alone. Furthermore, the position of the person carrying out the work from above can be kept constant, resulting in a compact structure.

■Furthermore, since chips and cutting fluid are discharged to the chip collecting means at the rear of the machine, there is no need to worry about them accumulating on the bed and affecting operability and maintainability, which is the case with conventional methods, and the chips and cutting fluid are efficiently collected. , it became possible to process cutting agents.

- Also, since a work stopper means is provided, it is safer and does not pollute the environment around the processing machine. In other words, during the workpiece machining, the rear end of the workpiece is pressed by the workpiece stopper means to receive the thrust load of the drilling of the deep hole machining tool, so the workpiece support becomes strong due to the action of the workpiece clamp means and the machining is continued. It is safer because the work inside does not shift. In addition, even if the two tools penetrate the workpiece (deep hole machining), the workpiece is covered by the workpiece stopper means, so chips and finished cutting will not scatter from the tip of the tool to the surroundings, reducing the environment around the processing machine. No contamination.

■Since a workpiece reversing means is provided below the workpiece lamp means, it is possible to perform deep hole machining by reversing the machine, thereby expanding the machining range.

With the above-mentioned effects, it is possible to provide a deep hole drilling machine capable of automatic unmanned operation and capable of highly efficient machining.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the deep hole drilling machine of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an overall front view, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view, FIG. 3 is a left side view, and FIG. The figure shows a sectional view of the inside of the headstock, FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the workpiece clamping means, and FIG. 6 shows a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5. In the figure, 1... bed, 2... headstock, 4...
・Deep hole machining tool, 5... Tool storage magazine, 6.
... ATC (automatic tool changer), 7... Work clamping means, 8... Work stopper means, 9... Chip collection means, 23... Servo motor,
25... Main shaft rotation motor, 28... Collet, 35... Collet chuck, 70... Work reversing means, 73... Motor with reducer, 81... Pressing cylinder, 82... Swing cylinder, 92...Coolant tank, 93...Chip con hair, M...Deep hole processing machine.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A bed provided on a base of a machine tool, a main spindle provided on the bed and rotatably supported, and a headstock movable in the axial direction of the main spindle, and a main spindle mounted on the main spindle. a deep hole machining tool for performing deep hole machining; a tool storage magazine provided on the base adjacent to the headstock for storing the deep hole machining tool; The apparatus is characterized by comprising: an automatic tool changer that exchanges the deep hole machining tool with the main spindle; and a workpiece clamping means that is provided on the base in front of the headstock in the direction of movement and that grips the workpiece. Deep hole processing machine. (2) Work stopper means for pressing the end of the work gripped by the work clamp means when deep hole machining is performed is provided on the base at a position facing the headstock while sandwiching the work clamp means. A deep hole machining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: (3) A chip collection means is provided behind the headstock for collecting chips generated from the tip of the deep hole machining tool along with a cutting agent through the spindle.
Deep hole processing machine described in section. (4) The workpiece gripped by the workpiece clamping means is
2. The deep hole drilling machine according to claim 1, further comprising a workpiece reversing means that is rotatable by 80 degrees.