JPH0230886A - Propulsive construction work of tunnel covering element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise adaptability to construction work by miniaturizing the whole of device by a method in which a steel rod connected to the tip of an element positioned on the starting side is dragged by a dragger attached to the tip on the arrival side of existing element. CONSTITUTION:The ground on the tip side of elements E and E' is excavated by an excavator provided inside while penetrating them E and E' horizontally into the ground. The elements E and E' are advanced one by one and connected along the covering work cross section of tunnel. In the process, a dragger 10 for steel rod W is attached to the arrival side tip of the adjacent existing element E, the tip of the rod W is connected to the tip of the element E' positioned on the starting side, and the rod W is dragged by the dragger 10 to penetrate the elements E and E' into the ground. The whole of the device and the vertical pit on the starting side can thus be miniaturized in size.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

"Industrial Field of Application" The present invention relates to a method for propelling tunnel lining elements used when excavating tunnels that cross railroad tracks, roads, etc. ``Prior Art'' As a method for constructing tunnels that cross tracks and roads, a construction method using elements with a rectangular cross-section is known as an alternative to the conventional cast-in-place construction method. This construction method uses an excavator that houses a cutter head, screw conveyor, etc. inside the element.
The tunnel is excavated horizontally while excavating the face, and the elements are sequentially penetrated into the soil in a concave shape to construct the tunnel lining, and then the soil inside the lining is excavated and removed. , for example, as shown in FIG. That is, the propulsion device 3 of the element E is set in the starting shaft l via the guide frame 2, and the propulsion device 3 is used to
While pushing out the element E in the horizontal direction, a cutter head 4 at the tip of the element excavates the face into a rectangular cross section, and the excavated earth and sand is discharged from the tip side to the base end side of the trough vibro by a screw conveyor 5. . Here, as shown in FIG. 8, the propulsion device 3 is configured to press-fit the element E and rotate the cutter head 4. Specifically, the main body portion 3a has a built-in jack and conveyor motor. and a supporting pressure portion 3b that engages with the guide frame 2 and receives the thrust of the jack. The bearing pressure portion 3b is provided with protrusions 3c on both sides thereof that can be freely projected and retracted to engage with the locking holes 2a of the guide frame 2, and the cutter head 4 is attached to the tip of the screw conveyor 5. The structure is such that two sets of cutter arms 4b are rotated via a connected worm gear 4a. "Problems to be Solved by the Invention" The present invention aims to solve the following problems in the prior art described above. First, in the above technology, in order to press-fit the element E, the propulsion device 3 is provided on the rear end side of the element E with a length corresponding to the propulsion distance of the element E. There are problems in that it is not suitable for use and is restricted by the topography of the site. In particular, the guide frame 2 on which the propulsion device 3 is set needs to be sized with ample space to accommodate the various postures of the element E, resulting in a particularly large block, and the starting shaft for installing it is necessary. I had to increase l. Moreover, in the construction method using such a conventional propulsion device, the cutter head 4 and screw conveyor 5 installed in the element E are driven to guide the earth and sand to the propulsion device 3 side. Due to the structure of discharging this earth and sand downwards, a space is required under the propulsion device 3 to collect the earth and sand, so the starting shaft is closed! There was also the problem that the size of the element E had to be made thicker.Secondly, as shown in FIG. Since the equipment is configured to rotate, the overall size of the equipment becomes large, and it also requires reinforcement, which increases its weight.For this reason, it is difficult to transport these equipment to the site. , large trailers, large cranes, etc. are required, and the construction is expensive. Thirdly, the propulsion device 3 has many incidental facilities such as roofs, handrails, ladders, and scaffolding, so its maneuverability is difficult. In addition, there was a problem that a lot of temporary construction work was required for the operation of the equipment.In particular, when the four retaining walls of the starting shaft 1 were supported with struts inside the shaft, the propulsion In order to place the elements in the vertical direction while lowering the device from the top, it is necessary to rearrange the struts and lower the propulsion device, which poses problems such as poor workability on site. Apart from the problem, conventionally, when press-fitting an element, the rear end of the guide frame 2 of the excavator was pressed against the rear wall of the starting shaft l to obtain a propulsive reaction force. There were also problems such as the need for special reinforcing work on the rear wall of the l to ensure good contact with the excavator and to withstand the propulsion reaction force.The present invention was proposed in view of the above circumstances. The purpose of this is to miniaturize the device by separating the element press-in mechanism and excavated soil discharge mechanism.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining element propulsion construction method that can improve applicability in narrow sites. [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention involves horizontally press-fitting a hollow box-shaped tunnel lining element into the soil, and removing earth and sand from the tip of the element using an excavator installed inside the element. In this method, the elements are propelled one by one while excavating the tunnel, and the elements are connected along the cross section of the tunnel lining.In this method, a steel rod traction device is installed at the end of the reaching side of the adjacent existing element. When press-fitting an element into a position adjacent to the existing element, the tip of the steel rod is connected to the tip of the element located on the starting side, and the steel rod is pulled by a traction device to pull the element into the ground. It is characterized by being press-fitted inside. In addition, in the above-mentioned tunnel lining element promotion method, when press-fitting the element, a steel rod for the next traction is placed on the side of the element to be press-fitted, and
If a plurality of panel plates are movably built along the long direction of the element and these panel plates are used to store the steel rod between the side surface of the element, the steel rod can be placed on the reaching side at the same time as the element is press-fitted. This is preferable because the steel rod can be sent to the panel plate and the steel rod can be kept separated from other rods at this time. "Operation" According to the above configuration, the press-fitting of the element is carried out by a traction device attached to the reaching end of the existing element adjacent to the element to be press-fitted, and the excavation and removal of earth and sand is carried out by the traction device installed inside the element. Since this is carried out using an excavator, it becomes possible to perform the press-in of the elements and the removal of the excavated earth and sand separately. Note that when the element is press-fitted, the reaction force is taken by the existing element, so there is no need for special equipment to take the reaction force, and it becomes possible to easily achieve miniaturization of the entire device. Further, when a steel rod housed on the side surface of the element is connected to a traction device and pulled by the panel plate, the panel plate is drawn out to the side where the element reaches as the steel rod is pulled. "Example" Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The element propulsion method according to the present invention basically involves inserting an excavator such as a cutter head 4 and a screw conveyor 5 into the element E, and horizontally pressing the element E into the soil. The head 4 excavates earth and sand, and the screw conveyor 5 discharges the excavated earth from the tip side (left side in Figure 1) of the trough vibro to the proximal side.However, in the present invention, the element E is placed in the soil. As a means for press-fitting the steel rod W, as shown in FIG. When press-fitting, the tip of the steel rod W is connected to the tip of the element E located on the starting side, and the steel rod W is pulled by a traction device IO to press-fit the element E into the soil. First, we will explain the traction device lO which is suitable for use in hospitals implementing this propulsion method.As shown in Fig. It mainly consists of a fixed base 11 to be connected and a center hole jack 12 set on the fixed base 11 and pulling the steel rod W. Also, the steel rod W and the element E are connected to each other by the steel rod. Place W at the element head 2 at the tip of the element.
This is done by fixing to a support bracket 21 provided at 0 via a fixing means 22 (see FIG. 2). Next, these main components will be explained in detail.
The fixing base 11 is formed into a hollow box shape with a rectangular cross section similar to that of the element E, and is adapted to fit onto the tip of the existing element E and be bolted to the element E. At the tip of the fixing base 11, a support part 11a for fixing the center hole jack 12 protrudes from the side surface of the fixing base 11, and a steel rod W is attached to the support part 11a.
An insertion hole ttb is formed for inserting the. The center hole jack 12 has a hole through which the steel rod W passes through the center of the ram, and is configured so that the steel rod W can be passed through the hole and pressurized through the hole. It is designed to be driven by. On the other hand, the element E towed by the traction device 10
To supplement the explanation of the element head 20 at the tip of the element, first, the element E has long flat plates E+ and E+ parallel to each other on the upper and lower surfaces, and there is a space between both side edges of the flat plates E+ and Et. Side plate E
It is configured as an integral columnar body with a hollow part, and the inner surfaces of the left and right flanges that protrude beyond the side plates E t and E* of the flat plates E t and E 1 are provided with elements E. A guide rail 15 extending in the longitudinal direction and a joint member 16 that fits into the guide rail 15 in a concave and convex manner are provided (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
. Next, the element head 20 includes a flat plate 20a that constitutes the upper and lower surfaces, and side plates 20 that are disposed on the left and right side edges of the flat plate 20a and that fit into the outer periphery of the side plate of the element E.
b, and a tapered surface whose diameter increases toward the tip is formed on the inner surface of the tip of the side plate 20b. On the other hand, the support bracket 21 for fixing one end of the steel rod W is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the side that contacts the existing element E among the side plates 20b on the other side, and the third side plate 20b is provided on the other side. As shown in the figures, a fixing plate 20c is provided for fixing one end of the steel rod W for next traction. Note that the fixing means 2 for fixing the supporting bracket 21 is
2, a crimping grip that is crimped onto the outer periphery of the steel rod W;
A device that securely fixes the steel rod W, such as a combination of nuts, anchor plates, etc., is used. Next, regarding the excavator installed in the element part, the explanation will be supplemented with reference to FIG. The main component is a screw conveyor 5 installed in the section, and these are rotatably driven by a drive motor 30 located on the starting side of the element E, as shown in FIG. . Note that the jack 10 and the drive motor 30 of the excavator
are each configured to be operated by a control unit disposed at the work site, and by operating this control unit, the excavation and press-fitting of the element E are controlled. Hereinafter, an element propulsion method when actually constructing a tunnel using the traction device 10 and excavator having the above configuration will be explained according to the tunnel construction procedure.

[Promotion of the first element]

When press-fitting the first element, the traction device 1 must be
Since there is no existing element E to attach the traction device IO, first, a support material for attaching the traction device IO is horizontally arranged in the ground between the starting shaft and the arrival shaft. As this supporting material, a material suitable for the apparatus made of H-shaped steel or the like is applied. Attachment of this support material is carried out by first passing a wire from the starting shaft l to the reaching shaft using a small diameter poling, and then drawing the H-shaped steel with this wire, similar to the poling of tie rods, earth anchors, etc. Then, the center hole jack l2 is attached to this support material via the fixing base 11, and preparations for press-fitting the element E are completed. In addition, in the construction method of the present invention, the element E to be press-fitted
Needless to say, the guide rail l5, the joint member 16, etc. are attached in advance to the inner surface of the flange portion. Once the traction device IO has been fixed to the support material, the element E to be press-fitted is set horizontally in the starting shaft, and the element head 20 is attached to the tip of the element E.
Further, the center hole jack l2 constituting the traction device 10 and the element head 20 are connected via a steel rod W, and the cutter head 4, screw conveyor 5, etc. are inserted into the element E. Further, in parallel with the above operation, a steel rod W for traction next time is arranged on the side of the element E to be press-fitted, and as shown in FIG. The steel rod W is housed between the side surface of the element E and the panel plate 40, which is movably built. The installation of this panel board 40 is as shown in FIG.
This is done by fitting the panel plate 40 onto the guide rail 15 provided on the flange portion of the element E. Next, the drive motor 30 is controlled by the control unit.
Then, operate the center hole jack 12 to rotate the cutter arm and the screw conveyor 5 to excavate the face and discharge the excavated earth and sand to the rear, and use the center hole jack 12 to force-fit the element E horizontally. At the same time, the element E is propelled, and the element E is placed between it and the reaching shaft. At this time (when pressing the element E into the soil), the steel rod W arranged on the side of the element E is housed by the panel plate 40 and isolated from the ground, so it is protected from earth and sand, and the steel rod W is placed on the side of the element E. No damage occurs when press-fitting the element. In addition, the panel plates 40 allow the earth and sand to pass through the upper and lower flat plates E,,E.
Since the element I does not enter the space between the protruding parts, the element E can be press-fitted smoothly.

[Promotion of other elements]

Once the first element E has been pushed into the ground by the above procedure, the element head 20 at the reaching end of the element E is removed, and the fixing base 11 constituting the traction device 10 is attached to the removed position. Then, the steel rod W for the next traction drawn in by the element head 20 is pulled out, and its tip is inserted into the hole of the center hole jack 12 to connect the steel rod and the center hole jack 12. The other end is fixed to the element E to be press-fitted. The installation operation of this traction device IO and the connection operation between the traction device 10 and the steel rod W can be carried out using a stand fixed to the tip of the element E! l
This is a simple operation in which the steel rod W, which is pulled in at the same time as the element E is press-fitted, is connected to the center hole jack 12 fixed to the fixing base 11.
Since the diameter of the 0 itself is small, it is easy to carry the device into and out of the site, and workability at the site can be improved. When the attachment of the traction device IO to the existing element E is completed, the element E to be press-fitted and propelled is set horizontally in the starting shaft i, in the same way as the first element E, and the center hole jack 12 and An element head 20 attached to the tip of the element E is connected via a steel rod W, and a cutter head 4, screw conveyor 5, etc. are inserted into the element portion. At this time, a steel rod W for traction next time is arranged on the side surface of the element E to be press-fitted, and a plurality of panel plates 40 are movably built in along the longitudinal direction of the element E. It goes without saying that the steel rod W is housed between the plate 40 and the side surface of the element. Note that the work of connecting the element E and the steel rod W to be press-fitted can be done by fixing the end of the steel rod W to the support bracket 21 of the element head 20 via the fixing means 22, and the connection operation can be performed on site. This is something that can be done easily. By the way, in order to propel the element E, the control unit operates the drive motor 30 and the center hole jack 12 to rotate the cutter arm and the screw conveyor 5 to excavate the face and move the excavated earth and sand backward. It is sufficient to discharge the element E and press-fit the element E horizontally using the center hole jack 12. At this time, the panel board 4 built into the side of element E
0 is pulled by the steel rod W, as shown in Fig. 3,
They come off the guide rail 15 and are pulled out one by one. In addition, in the propulsion operation of the element E, a traction device IO is attached to the existing element E and the reaction force of the center hole jack 12 is transferred to the element E, so the reaction force of the element E cannot withstand, and the element If there is a risk that E itself may be pulled out of the ground, consider welding a support beam made of channel material, etc. to the reaching side of the existing element E to prevent element E from being pulled out. I'll keep it. In addition, in the propulsion operation of the element E, if it is necessary to control the press-fitting direction of the element E, an H-shaped steel is placed in advance below the element to be press-fitted, and a guide attached to the bottom surface of the element E is used. This H-shaped steel may be guided by the protrusion.

[Construction of tunnel]

By the above procedure, the elements E are pushed one after another and all the elements E are pushed into the ground in a gate shape. After that, a support girder is attached to both ends of the element, concrete is filled inside the element part, and the element E is pushed into the ground. The earth and sand inside the constructed lining will be excavated, and if necessary, a secondary lining will be applied to complete the tunnel. According to such an element E propulsion construction method, the press-fitting operation of the element E is performed by the traction device lO attached to the reaching end of the existing element E, and the cutting of the face at the end of the element E is carried out inside the element part. Since the excavation is carried out using a set cutter head 4 and an excavator such as a screw conveyor 5, there is no need to guide the excavated earth and sand under the jack, and there is no need to increase the depth of the starting shaft l. Also, press-fitting Element E and excavating the ground are done using separate machines! (In the example, the center hole jack 12 and the cutter head 4) are used to separate the machines, so it is possible to downsize these machines, and there is no restriction on the topography of the site. It becomes possible to improve local applicability. Moreover, this makes it possible to reduce the transportation cost of equipment such as excavation machines and press-fitting mttas, and because it is easy to handle on-site, it is possible to improve the workability. Furthermore, according to this element propulsion method, the excavation mechanism and the press-in mechanism can be configured as separate units, so when an obstacle that cannot be handled by the excavator, such as a large-diameter boulder, occurs at the face. Even if there is an obstacle, the excavator can be easily pulled out from inside the element, and a worker can enter inside the element and remove the obstacle manually with good work efficiency. Therefore, when reaching a stratum where the above-mentioned obstacles frequently appear,
It is possible to continue propulsion while performing manual excavation, and it is possible to extremely smoothly switch between so-called mechanical excavation and manual excavation. In addition, since the press-fitting operation of the element E according to the embodiment is performed by continuously pulling the steel rod W using the pulling device 1O, the operation of connecting the jack and the element E only needs to be performed once, further improving the workability. There are advantages such as being able to In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, an example is shown in which an element with a rectangular cross section is used as a tunnel lining element, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Of course, the present invention can also be applied to cylindrical steel pipes etc. that are drilled and press-fitted horizontally for similar purposes. "Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the element propulsion method according to the present invention is such that a hollow box-shaped tunnel lining element is pressed and inserted horizontally into the soil, and an excavator installed inside the element is used to remove the tip of the element. In this method, elements are propelled one by one while excavating earth and sand, and the elements are connected along the cross section of the tunnel lining.In this method, a steel rod traction device is installed at the tip of the reaching side of the adjacent existing element. When press-fitting an element into a position adjacent to the existing element, the tip of the steel rod is connected to the tip of the element located on the starting side, and the steel rod is pulled by a traction device to pull the element into the ground. Since the element is press-fitted into the element, the press-fit mechanism for the element and the excavated soil discharge mechanism can be separated, making it possible to downsize the device. Ax In addition, it is possible to reduce the transportation cost of the equipment, the dimensions of the starting shaft can be reduced, and the disposal of earth becomes easier, making it possible to improve the maintenance of the equipment. In addition, in the above-mentioned tunnel lining element promotion method, when press-fitting the element, a steel rod for next time traction is placed on the side of the element to be press-fitted, and a plurality of panel plates are placed in the longitudinal direction of the element. If the steel rods are housed between the side surfaces of the elements using these panel plates, the steel rods can be placed in parallel with the engineering work of the elements. At this time, since the steel rod can be maintained in a state separated from the ground by climbing on the panel plate, excellent effects such as being able to prevent damage to the steel rod can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 6 are shown to explain an embodiment of the tunnel lining element propelling method of the present invention, and Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the element being propelled; Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the attachment state of the steel rod and the element head, Figure 3 is a perspective view shown to explain the action,
Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the joints between elements;
The figure is an enlarged sectional view of the inside of the dashed line v in Figure 4, Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the screw conveyor inserted into the element, and Figures 7 and 8 are shown to explain the conventional propulsion method. FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the outline thereof, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the structure of the propulsion device. E...element!・・・・・・Start shaft,
4... Cutter head, 5... Screw conveyor, IO... Traction device, 11...
...Fixed base, 11a...Support part, ttb...
... Insertion hole, 12 ... Center hole jack, 15 ... Guide rail, 16 ...
・Joint member, 20... Element head, 21... Support bracket, 22...
Fixing means, 30... Drive motor, 40...
...Panel board. Applicant: Railway Technical Research Institute Ishikawajima Kenzai Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A hollow box-shaped tunnel lining element is horizontally pressed into the soil, and an excavator installed inside the element excavates earth and sand at the tip of the element while propelling the elements one by one; In the method of constructing the elements in a state where they are connected along the tunnel lining cross section, a steel rod traction device is attached to the end of the reaching side of the adjacent existing element, and the For tunnel lining, when press-fitting an element, the tip of a steel rod is connected to the tip of an element located on the starting side, and the steel bar is pulled by a traction device to press-fit the element into the soil. Element propulsion method. 2) In the tunnel lining element promotion method described in item 1, when press-fitting the element, a steel rod for the next traction is placed on the side of the element to be press-fitted, and a plurality of panel plates are attached to the element. A method for promoting a tunnel lining element, characterized in that the steel rod is housed between a side surface of the element and a side surface of the element by movable along the longitudinal direction of the steel rod.