JPH02304198A - Shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily construct even a tunnel a large section by introducing the earth and sand in the inside of a mud pressure chamber into the inside of a muddy-water pressure chamber via a plurality of slits provided around the inside skin plate, and by discharging it to the outside together with the earth and sand in the inside of the muddy-water pressure chamber. CONSTITUTION:By providing with a plurality of cutters 3, 3, a plurality of continuous circular working faces are excavated. In this case, the working face is stabilized by the muddy-water pressure forcibly fed in the inside of a muddy-water pressure chamber 6, and the surrounding working faces are stabilized by the muddy-water pressure and mud pressure. And the earth and sand in the inside of a mud pressure chamber 7 is transferred into the inside of the muddy-water pressure chamber 6 through a plurality of slits 8 provided around an inside skin plate 5, and is discharged to the outside together with the earth and sand in the inside of the muddy-water pressure chamber 6. Further, the inside skin part 5 is integrally formed with the cutters 3, 3, so that the fluidity of earth and sand inside the muddy-water pressure chamber 6 and inside the mud pressure chamber 7 can be increased. Thus, the structure can be simplified, and control can be facilitated, and also the discharge of earth and sand can be smoothed, so that a tunnel of a large section can be easily excavated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a shield excavator used in the shield method of constructing tunnels, and in particular to a shield excavator suitable for use in forming tunnels with large cross sections. It is related to.

[Prior Art] In recent years, when constructing large-section tunnels such as subway tunnels on the ground in urban areas, a skin plate with a cocoon-shaped cross section, which is made by stacking two cylinders of the same diameter parallel to each other, has been constructed. , the multi-face shield method (MF), which forms tunnels using a shield excavator equipped with a cutter for excavating underground
A new shield construction method called the double O-tube construction method (DOT construction method) has been proposed and implemented.

Conventionally, as an excavator used in the multi-face shield construction method, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-1998, two faceplate-shaped cutters are installed in front of a skin plate with a cocoon-shaped cross section. It is known that the structure is such that the cutters are arranged slightly offset from the excavation direction to prevent mutual interference between the cutters.Also, the excavator used for the double O-tube method uses a spoke-shaped cutter and a cocoon-shaped cutter. It is known that the spokes are arranged in front of the cross-sectional skin plate and are rotated in opposite directions with their phases shifted to prevent the spokes from colliding with each other (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-47958). reference)
.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] According to the conventional large-section shield construction method, by making use of the characteristics of the shield excavator applied to each construction method, it is possible to excavate large diameter and irregular cross-sections into the ground in urban areas. tunnels can be built.

The basic structure of these shield excavators is a double cross-section structure in which two shield excavators are combined into one.

However, even if such a structure is applied as a triple or quadruple shield excavator with a multi-section structure to form a tunnel with a larger cross-section, the structure becomes complicated and difficult to manufacture. It is predicted that it will become extremely difficult to control the machine, such as direction control and correction of the cutter for excavating the ground.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield tunneling machine for excavating large-section tunnels, which has a simple structure and is easy to control.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and includes a plurality of inner skin plays 1 arranged in parallel with each other.
- Forming a partition in the front of a cylindrical outer skin plate having an overall cross-sectional shape, and arranging the plurality of inner skin plates in parallel within the outer skin plate in front of the partition with corresponding cross-sectional shapes. Therefore, the inside of these inner skin plays 1 is used as a cylindrical mud water pressure chamber through which mud water is pumped, and the space formed between each of the inner skin plays 1 and the outer skin plate is used as a mud pressure chamber. and further, at the opening of each of the mud pressure chambers,
A cutter for excavating the ground in a circular manner is arranged approximately coaxially with the inner skin plate, and a telescopic cutter for excavating the ground in front of the mud pressure chamber is integrally provided around the cutter, Furthermore, each inner skin play 1 is characterized in that a plurality of slits are provided along the circumferential direction of the inner skin play for introducing earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber into the mud water pressure chamber; This includes forming the plate integrally with the cutter.

[Function] According to the shield excavator of the present invention, a plurality of continuous circular faces are stabilized by the mud water pressure pumped into the mud water pressure chamber by a plurality of cutters, and the surrounding faces are stabilized by the mud water pressure and the mud water pressure. While being stabilized by pressure, each cutter excavates a plurality of continuous circular faces, while the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber is transferred into the mud pressure chamber through the slit of the inner skin play I, and released together with the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber. Since the gas is discharged, tunnels with large cross sections can be easily constructed.

Earth and sand can be easily introduced into the mud pressure chamber through the space between the telescopic cutters, and the structure is simple because the means for transporting the earth and sand from the mud pressure chamber to the mud water pressure chamber is through slits formed in the inner skin plate. , and the power can be omitted, making it possible to construct the system at low cost.

Moreover, if the inner skin plate is integrally formed with the cutter, fluidity is imparted to the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber and the mud water pressure chamber, thereby improving the earth and sand discharge efficiency.

[Embodiment 1] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

What is indicated by the reference numeral 1 in these figures is the N'Wold excavator according to this embodiment. This rolled excavator 1 excavates the ground with a cutter 3 provided in a cylindrical outer skin plate 2 forming an outer shell, and at the same time excavates the earth with a cutter 3 provided in a cylindrical outer skin plate 2 forming an outer shell. The basic structure is to excavate underground while assembling S (concrete segments, etc.).

The outer skin plate 2 is formed into a cocoon-shaped cross section by arranging two cylindrical bodies 2a of the same diameter in parallel and overlapping each other. To,
A partition wall 4 is provided to cover the tip opening. Two cylindrical inner skin plates 1 and 5 forming an inner shell are integrally fixed to the front surface of the partition wall 4 in correspondence with the cylindrical body 2a. These inner skin plates 5 have a smaller diameter than the cylindrical body 2a, have circumferential surfaces close to each other, and are fixed to the partition wall 4 coaxially with the cylindrical body 2a.

The inside of these inner skin plates 5 serves as a circular mud water pressure chamber 6 into which mud water is pumped, and also has a figure-8 cross section formed between the inner skin plates 1 and 5 and the outer skin plates 1 and 2. The space is configured as the mud pressure chamber 7.

In addition, each inner skin plate 5 has a structure for communicating the inside of the mud water pressure chamber 6 and the inside of the mud pressure chamber 7, and for taking the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber 7 into the mud water pressure chamber 6, as shown in FIG. slit 8
A plurality of them are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction. The slit 8 is formed by a long cut along the axial direction of the inner skin plays 1 and 5. The opening degree of this slit 8 can be adjusted by a shutter (not shown).

The cutter 3 for excavating the earth in a circular manner is disposed at the opening of each of the mud pressure chambers 6.

The cutter 3 is provided with a circular face plate 9 that has approximately the same diameter as the inner skin plays 1 and 5 and faces the face, and is provided in the face plate 9 so as to be freely retractable along the radial direction thereof. A telescopic cutter 10, a rotating shaft 11 extending rearward from the axis of the face plate 9 and rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown), and a drive motor 12 that rotates the rotating shaft 11 around the axis via a gear lla. It is mainly composed of. The rotation axis 11 extends in alignment with the axes of the inner skin plates 1 and 5, that is, the face plate plates 1 and 9 are
It is arranged coaxially with the inner skin plays 1 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the face plate 9 has a plurality of radially formed pairs of slits 9a (three in this case) for taking in the earth and sand, and a large number of cutter hits 13 are fixed to each slit 9a. has been done.

Further, the telescopic cutters 10 are housed one by one between the slits 9a, and a large number of cutter hits 14 are fixed to the portions protruding from the circumferential surface of the face plate 9.

The amount of protrusion of the telescoping cutter 10 is controlled steplessly by a control section (not shown), with the maximum position at which the tip thereof coincides with the outer circumferential surface of the outer skin plates 1 and 2.

According to the cutter 3 configured as described above, the power of the drive motor 12 is transmitted to the face plate brakes 1 and 9 via the gear 11a and the rotating shaft 11, the face plate 9 rotates, and the cutter hit 13 excavates the ground in a circular manner. do.

Furthermore, while rotating the face plate 9 in this way, if the extension amount of the telescopic cutter 10 is controlled so that its tip follows the outer peripheral surface of the outer skin plate 2, the ground in front of the mud pressure chamber 7 can be removed. excavate the mountain.

That is, the cutter 3 excavates the front surface of the outer skin plate 2 in the same cross-section shape as that of the outer skin plate 2 .

An end of a water pipe 15 is open at the upper part of the mud water pressure chamber 6, and an end of a mud drain 9x6 is connected to the lower part thereof.

Also, inside the outer skin plate 2 is a shield excavator l.
A plurality of shield jacks 17 for propelling itself forward are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer skin plate 2, and an erector device 18 for elevating the segments S is also provided.

The shield jack 17 has its rear end supported by a support plate 19 fixed to the inner surface of the outer skin plate 2, and performs shield excavation by taking a reaction force to the front end of the segment S assembled by the erector device 18. The aircraft is configured to propel itself forward.

In addition, the reference numeral 20 in the figure is provided at the rear end of the outer skin plate 2 of the shield excavator 1.
This is a tail packing that closes the gap between the segment 1-S assembled on the inner surface of the outer skin plate 2 and the outer skin plate 2.

In order to excavate a ground using the shield excavator 1 having the above configuration, first, mud water is supplied from the water pipe 15 into the mud water pressure chamber 6 to pressurize the inside of the mud water pressure chamber 6, and the face plate of the cutter 3 is Stabilize the face on the front of plate 9. In addition, by appropriately setting the opening degree of the slit 8 of the inner skin plate 5 and adjusting the amount of earth excavated by the telescopic cutter 10 and taken into the mud pressure chamber 6 from the mud pressure @7, the mud pressure chamber 7. Generate mud water pressure and mud pressure on the front surface to prevent the face from collapsing.

Next, the cutter 3 is operated to cut the face on the front surface of the outer skin plate 2.

On the other hand, by taking a reaction force to the frontmost end of the segment S assembled on the tunnel peripheral wall by the erector installation 18, the rolled jack 17 is extended and the shield excavator 1 itself is propelled forward. The earth and sand are taken into the chamber 6 and the mud pressure chamber 7.

At this time, the earth and sand excavated by the telescopic cutter 10 is taken into the mud pressure chamber 7 through the opening of the mud pressure chamber 7, and further into the mud water pressure chamber 6 through each slit 8.

The earth and sand containing mud that has been taken into the mud water pressure chamber 6 and the mud earth pressure chamber 7 in this way is discharged to the rear of the tunnel by mud removal v16. This sediment is finally transported to the ground,
Separated into earth and sand and muddy water, the muddy water is again supplied into the muddy earth pressure chamber 6 from the water pipe 15.

By the way, in the cutter 3 of the shield excavator 1 of this embodiment, the cutting diameter is determined by the telescopic cutter 10. The earth and sand excavated by the telescopic cutter 101 is transferred from the arc-shaped space formed between the telescopic cutters 10 to the mud pressure chamber 7 behind it.
taken within.

As described above, according to the shield excavator 1 of this embodiment, the circular face in front of the face plate 9 of the cutter 3 is stabilized by mud water pressure, and the face excavated by the telescopic cutter 10 is stabilized by mud water pressure and mud pressure. Since the cutter 3 is configured to fluidly transport the excavated earth and sand, it is possible to easily excavate and form a double-shaped large cross-section tunnel as shown in the illustrated example.

In addition, since each cutter 3 provided on the front surface of the two inner skin plates 6 excavates independently, machine control such as directional control is easy, and the excavation area of these cutters 3 is Since they are the same, the concentration of muddy water supplied into the muddy water pressure chamber 6 can be easily controlled.

Further, since the earth and sand are transferred from the mud pressure chamber 7 to the mud water pressure chamber 6 through the respective slits 8 of the inner skin plays 1 and 6, the structure is simple, power can be omitted, and the construction can be made at low cost. Moreover, the telescoping cutter 10 facilitates the uptake of the excavated soil into the mud pressure chamber 7 formed between the outer and inner skin plates 2.6, thus speeding up the fluid transport of the soil and ensuring that the work is carried out smoothly. This will save time.

=12- Further, the earth and sand excavated by the telescopic cutter 10 is taken into the mud pressure chamber 7, and then guided to the mud pressure chamber 6.
Since the earth and sand taken directly into the interior are discharged to the outside through the mud removal pipe 16, the earth removal equipment can be handled only with the equipment of the shield excavator used in the muddy shield method, and the initial This has the advantage that costs can be reduced.

FIG. 3 shows an example of application of the above embodiment, and the shield excavator 21 shown here has an outer skin formed in a clover-like shape with a four-leaf cross section, in which four cylindrical bodies 2a are arranged overlappingly in a square. Inside the plate 22, as in the shield excavator 1, there are inner skin rates 2 corresponding to each cylindrical body 2a.
and cutters 3 are provided, and spoke-type cutters 23 are arranged in the center and protrude forward from the face plate 9 of each cutter 3, and the ivy 23 is used to cut the area of the ground that cannot be excavated between the cutters 3. It is configured to be excavated.

According to this shield excavator rJA21, it is possible to form a tunnel with a cross section approximately twice as large as that of the shield excavator l.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show other embodiments of this embodiment, and in both figures, the same components as in the previous embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted.

In the shield excavator 30 of this embodiment, the cutter 3 is integrally provided with the inner skin plays 1 and 31. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical inner skin plate 31 is formed coaxially with the face plate 9 on the back surface of the peripheral portion of the face plate 9 constituting the cutter 3.

At the rear end of the inner skin plate 31, slits 32 are formed at a plurality of intervals along the circumferential direction for taking the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber 7 into the mud water pressure chamber 6. Also. Around these slits 32, a solenoid bit 33 is provided.

According to the shield excavator 30 of this embodiment, when the inner skin plate 31 rotates together with the cutter 3, fluidity is imparted to the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber 7 and the mud water pressure chamber 6, thereby improving the earth and sand discharge efficiency. This has the advantage that it is possible to improve the

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the shielding machine of the present invention, a plurality of continuous circular faces are stabilized by the mud pressure pumped into the mud pressure chamber by a plurality of cutters, and the surrounding area is stabilized. While the face is stabilized by mud water pressure and mud pressure, a plurality of continuous circular faces are excavated by each cutter, and the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber is transferred into the mud pressure chamber through the slit in the inner skin plate. Since the tunnel is discharged to the outside along with the earth and sand, it has the effect of making it possible to easily construct tunnels with large cross sections. Here, the earth and sand can be easily introduced into the mud r chamber from the space between the telescopic cutters, and the means for transferring the earth and sand from the mud pressure chamber to the mud water pressure chamber is by a slit formed in the inner skin plate, so the structure It is simple, and the power can be omitted, making it possible to construct it at low cost. Further, by integrally forming the inner skin plate on the cutter, fluidity is imparted to the earth and sand in the 1f1 mud earth pressure chamber and the mud water pressure chamber, thereby improving the earth and sand discharge efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are views showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a front view thereof, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIGS. 4 and 5 are front views showing an application example of one embodiment, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show other embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cutter, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view. 1.21.30...Shield machine, 2.22...
...outer skin plate, discharge...cutter, 4
...... Bulkhead, 5.31 ... Inner skin plate, 6 ... Mud water pressure chamber, 7 ... Mud earth pressure chamber, 8.32 ... ...Slit, 10...
Telescopic cutter.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A partition wall is formed in the front part of a cylindrical outer skin plate having the overall cross-sectional shape of a plurality of inner skin plates arranged in parallel with each other, and the cross-sectional shape of the outer skin plate is formed in front of the partition wall. By arranging the plurality of inner skin plates in parallel so as to correspond to each other, a cylindrical mud pressure chamber through which muddy water is pumped is formed within these inner skin plates.
Further, the spaces formed between the inner skin plates and the outer skin plates are configured as mud pressure chambers, and a cutter for excavating the ground in a circular shape is provided at the opening of each mud pressure chamber. A telescopic cutter is disposed substantially coaxially with the inner skin plate, and is integrally provided around the cutter for excavating the ground in front of the mud pressure chamber. A slit for taking the earth and sand in the mud pressure chamber into the mud water pressure chamber,
A shield excavator characterized in that a plurality of shields are provided along the circumferential direction. (2) The shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the inner skin plate is formed integrally with the cutter.