JPH02302004A - Voltage-dependent nonlinear resistor - Google Patents

Voltage-dependent nonlinear resistor

Info

Publication number
JPH02302004A
JPH02302004A JP1123779A JP12377989A JPH02302004A JP H02302004 A JPH02302004 A JP H02302004A JP 1123779 A JP1123779 A JP 1123779A JP 12377989 A JP12377989 A JP 12377989A JP H02302004 A JPH02302004 A JP H02302004A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
metal aluminum
varistor
aluminum layer
oxidation
ceramic body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1123779A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuyoshi Nakamura
和敬 中村
Tatsuya Suzuki
達也 鈴木
Hiroaki Taira
浩明 平
Yasunobu Yoneda
康信 米田
Yukio Sakabe
行雄 坂部
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to JP1123779A priority Critical patent/JPH02302004A/en
Publication of JPH02302004A publication Critical patent/JPH02302004A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate an irregularity in a characteristic and to comply with a high- density mounting operation by a method wherein a metal aluminum layer composed mainly of metal aluminum is formed on the other main face opposite to an electrode of a ceramic raw body, this layer is heat-treated and an insulating film is formed on the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer. CONSTITUTION:A metal aluminum layer 4 is formed on the other main face 2b of a ceramic raw body 2. This layer is oxidized and heat-treated; thereby, a conductive Iayer 4a in which the ceramic raw body 2 has been transformed into a semiconductor is formed at a contact part between the metal aluminum layer 4 and the other main face 2b. Consequently, even when an oxidation temperature, an oxidation time or a condition for an oxidation atmosphere is different, it is possible to obtain a prescribed varistor characteristic. As a result, it is possible to obtain a varistor in which an irregularity in a characteristic is small and whose nonlinearity coefficient and pulse-resistant characteristic are excellent. In addition, since an insulating film 4b by an oxide aluminum film is formed on the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer 4 by an oxidation and heat-treatment operation, the varistor 1 can be mounted directly on a printed-circuit board, can cope with a high-density mounting operation, and its application range can be expanded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、印加電圧に応じて抵抗値が非直線的に変化す
る抵抗体(以下、バリスタと称する)に関し、特にバリ
スタ特性のバラツキを防止できるとともに、高密度実装
ができるようにした構造に関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a resistor (hereinafter referred to as a varistor) whose resistance value changes non-linearly depending on an applied voltage, and in particular, to prevent variations in varistor characteristics. It also relates to a structure that allows for high-density packaging.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来から、印加電圧に応じて抵抗値が非直線的に変化す
る抵抗体素子としてリングバリスタが知られている。こ
のリングバリスタは、5rTiO1系セラミクスからな
るリング状のセラミクス素体の一主面上に一対以上の電
極を形成して傳成されており、例えばマイクロモータの
ノイズ、火花吸収素子として採用されている。上記リン
グバリスタは、各電極を同一平面上に形成する構造であ
り、同一方向から半田付けすることができることから、
半田付は作業が容易であり、しかもワイヤボンディング
等による接続が採用できる。また、上記リングバリスタ
は、これの他主面側をプリント基板上に直接実装できる
ことから、高密度実装ができるという特長を有している
。さらに、上記リングバリスタでは、それぞれ対向する
電極端同士の距離をできるだけ大きくすることにより、
耐パルス性及び非直線係数を向上させるようにしている
A ring varistor has been known as a resistor element whose resistance value changes non-linearly depending on an applied voltage. This ring varistor is constructed by forming one or more pairs of electrodes on one main surface of a ring-shaped ceramic body made of 5rTiO1-based ceramics, and is used, for example, as a noise and spark absorption element for micro motors. . The ring varistor has a structure in which each electrode is formed on the same plane and can be soldered from the same direction.
Soldering is easy to work with, and connections such as wire bonding can be used. Further, the ring varistor has the feature that high-density mounting is possible because the other main surface side of the ring varistor can be directly mounted on a printed circuit board. Furthermore, in the above ring varistor, by increasing the distance between the opposing electrode ends as much as possible,
It is intended to improve pulse resistance and non-linearity coefficient.

このようなリングバリスタにおいては、セラミクス素体
を高温還元雰囲気中にて焼結して半導体化させ、この後
空気中又は酸化雰囲気中で熱処理を行うことにより、セ
ラミクス素体の内部に半導体低抵抗部を残した状態で、
表面部分に酸素の拡散による絶縁層を形成し、これによ
りバリスタ特性を得るようにしている。
In such a ring varistor, the ceramic body is sintered in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere to become a semiconductor, and then heat-treated in air or in an oxidizing atmosphere to form a low-resistance semiconductor inside the ceramic body. With some parts left,
An insulating layer is formed on the surface by diffusion of oxygen, thereby obtaining varistor characteristics.

〔発明が解決しようとする問題点) ところで、上記従来のリングバリスタにおいてバリスタ
特性を得る場合、半導体化したセラミクス素体を酸化熱
処理して表面部分に絶縁層を形成するわけであるが、こ
の熱処理時の酸化温度1時間等の酸化条件を一定にコン
トロールすることは困難であり、その結果バリスタ特性
にバラツキが生じるという問題点がある。つまり、セラ
ミクス素体の酸化が不十分の場合は非直線係数が小さく
なり、酸化が進み過ぎると半導体部がなくなり所定のバ
リスタ特性が得られない。
[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in order to obtain varistor characteristics in the above-mentioned conventional ring varistor, an insulating layer is formed on the surface portion by oxidation heat treatment of the semiconductor ceramic body. It is difficult to control the oxidation conditions, such as the oxidation temperature for one hour, at a constant level, and as a result, there is a problem that variations occur in the varistor characteristics. In other words, if the ceramic body is insufficiently oxidized, the nonlinear coefficient becomes small, and if the oxidation progresses too much, the semiconductor portion disappears and predetermined varistor characteristics cannot be obtained.

ここで、上記バリスタ特性のバラツキを回避する方法と
して、セラミクス素体の上記電極と対向する他主面側に
導電層を形成することが考えられる。この導電層を形成
することにより、酸化条件が一定でなくても、所定のバ
リスタ特性が得られ、バリスタ特性のバラツキを解消で
きる。しかしながら、上記セラミクス素体の他主面に導
電層を形成した場合は、プリント基板の実装面を絶縁体
にしなければならず、その結果高密度実装に対応できず
、用途が制限されるという問題点が生じる。
Here, as a method of avoiding the above-mentioned variation in the varistor characteristics, it is possible to form a conductive layer on the other main surface side of the ceramic body facing the above-mentioned electrode. By forming this conductive layer, predetermined varistor characteristics can be obtained even if the oxidation conditions are not constant, and variations in varistor characteristics can be eliminated. However, if a conductive layer is formed on the other main surface of the ceramic body, the mounting surface of the printed circuit board must be an insulator, which results in the problem of not being able to handle high-density mounting and limiting its applications. A point occurs.

本発明は上記従来の状況に鑑みてなされたもので、酸化
条件を一定にできなくても、特性のバラツキを解消でき
るとともに、高密度実装に対応できる電圧非直線抵抗体
を提供することを目的としている。
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a voltage nonlinear resistor that can eliminate variations in characteristics even if the oxidation conditions cannot be made constant, and is compatible with high-density packaging. It is said that

〔問題点を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

そこで本発明は、セラミクス素体の一主面上に複数の電
極を形成してなる電圧非直線抵抗体において、上記セラ
ミクス素体の上記tiと対向する他主面上に、金属アル
ミニウムを主成分とする金属アルミ層を形成し、これを
熱処理することにより上記金属アルミ層の外表面に絶縁
膜を形成したことを特徴としている。
Therefore, the present invention provides a voltage non-linear resistor formed by forming a plurality of electrodes on one main surface of a ceramic element, in which metal aluminum is provided as a main component on the other main surface of the ceramic element opposite to the ti. The present invention is characterized in that an insulating film is formed on the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer by forming a metal aluminum layer and heat-treating the metal aluminum layer.

ここで、本発明のセラミクス素体には、5rTIO3系
セラミクス、ZnO系セラミクス等が採用できる。
Here, 5rTIO3-based ceramics, ZnO-based ceramics, etc. can be used as the ceramic body of the present invention.

また、上記金属アルミ層を形成する方法としては、還元
雰囲気中にて焼成されたセラミクス素体に金属アルミニ
ニウム粉末をペースト状に形成してなるペーストを塗布
し、このセラミクス素体を酸化性雰囲気中にて熱処理し
てバリスタ特性の付与と金属アルミ層の形成とを同時に
行う方法、及び上記還元処理したセラミクス素体に一旦
酸化熱処理を施してバリスタ特性を付与した後、上記ペ
ーストを塗布し、しかる後再び酸化熱処理することによ
り金属アルミ層を形成する方法の両方が採用できる。
In addition, as a method for forming the metal aluminum layer, a paste made by forming metal aluminum powder into a paste is applied to a ceramic body fired in a reducing atmosphere, and the ceramic body is placed in an oxidizing atmosphere. A method of simultaneously applying heat treatment to impart varistor properties and forming a metal aluminum layer in a ceramic body, and applying the paste after applying oxidation heat treatment to the reduction-treated ceramic body to impart varistor properties; Both methods of forming a metal aluminum layer by subsequent oxidation heat treatment can be employed.

〔作用〕[Effect]

本発明に係る電圧非直線抵抗体によれば、セラミクス素
体の他主面に、金属アルミ層を形成し、これを熱処理し
たので、この熱処理により金属アルミニニウムがセラミ
クス素体の表面部分カコら酸素を奪ってセラミクス素体
の半導体化を促進することとなり、その結果上記セラミ
クス素体と金属アルミ層との接触部分には障壁を持たな
い導電層が形成されることとなる。従って、仮に酸化条
件が一定でなくても、安定したバリスタ特性が得られ、
特性のバラツキを解消できる。
According to the voltage non-linear resistor according to the present invention, a metal aluminum layer is formed on the other main surface of the ceramic body and is heat-treated. Oxygen is taken away to promote semiconducting of the ceramic body, and as a result, a conductive layer without a barrier is formed at the contact portion between the ceramic body and the metal aluminum layer. Therefore, even if the oxidation conditions are not constant, stable varistor characteristics can be obtained.
Variations in characteristics can be eliminated.

また、上記熱処理によって金属アルミ層の外表面には酸
化されたアルマイトによる絶縁膜が形成されることとな
るので、プリント基板の実装面にそのまま直接当接させ
ることができ、高密度実装に対応できる。
In addition, as the heat treatment described above forms an insulating film of oxidized alumite on the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer, it can be brought into direct contact with the mounting surface of the printed circuit board, supporting high-density mounting. .

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明の実施例を図について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

第1図ないし第3図は本発明の一実施例によるバリスタ
を説明するための図である。
1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining a varistor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

図において、1は本実施例のバリスタであり、これは直
方体状のセラミクス素体2の一生面2a上に一対の電極
W!A3.3を形成するとともに、上記セラミクス素体
2の他主面2b全面に金属アルミ層4を形成して構成さ
れている。この金属アルミ層4は、金属アルミニュウム
粉末にフェスを混合してなるペーストを塗布し、これを
空気中にて1000〜1100℃で熱処理して形成され
たものである。
In the figure, numeral 1 indicates the varistor of this embodiment, which has a pair of electrodes W! A3.3 is formed, and a metal aluminum layer 4 is formed on the entire other main surface 2b of the ceramic element body 2. The metal aluminum layer 4 is formed by applying a paste made by mixing metal aluminum powder with Fes, and heat-treating the paste at 1000 to 1100° C. in air.

これにより、上記セラミクス素体2の他主面2bと金属
アルミ層4との接触部分には導電層4aが形成されてお
り、また、上記金属アルミ層4の外表面には上記熱処理
によりアルマイト化した絶縁膜4bが形成されている。
As a result, a conductive layer 4a is formed at the contact portion between the other main surface 2b of the ceramic body 2 and the metal aluminum layer 4, and the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer 4 is anodized by the heat treatment. An insulating film 4b is formed.

次に本実施例の作用効果について説明する。Next, the effects of this embodiment will be explained.

本実施例によれば、セラミクス素体2の他主面2bに金
属アルミ層4を形成し、これを酸化熱処理することより
、上記金属アルミ層4と他主面2bとの接触部分にセラ
ミクス素体2の半導体化された導電層4aを形成したの
で、仮に酸化処理温度9時間あるいは酸化雰囲気の条件
が異なっても、所定のバリスタ特性を得ることができ、
その結特性のバラツキの少ない、非直線係数、耐パルス
特性に優れたバリスタが得られる。
According to this embodiment, by forming the metal aluminum layer 4 on the other main surface 2b of the ceramic element body 2 and subjecting it to oxidation heat treatment, the ceramic element is formed in the contact area between the metal aluminum layer 4 and the other main surface 2b. Since the semiconductor conductive layer 4a of the body 2 is formed, the predetermined varistor characteristics can be obtained even if the oxidation treatment temperature for 9 hours or the oxidation atmosphere conditions are different.
As a result, a varistor with less variation in characteristics, excellent nonlinear coefficient, and excellent pulse resistance characteristics can be obtained.

また、上記酸化熱処理によって金属アルミ層4の外表面
には酸化アルミ膜による絶縁膜4bが形成されるので、
本実施例のバリスタ1をプリント基板上に直接実装する
ことができ、高密度実装に対応でき、用途範囲を拡大で
きる。
In addition, the insulating film 4b made of an aluminum oxide film is formed on the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer 4 by the above-mentioned oxidation heat treatment.
The varistor 1 of this embodiment can be directly mounted on a printed circuit board, which allows high-density mounting and expands the range of applications.

次に本実施例の効果を確認するために行った実験結果に
ついて説明する。
Next, the results of an experiment conducted to confirm the effects of this example will be explained.

まず、本実験に採用したバリスタ試料について説明する
First, the varistor sample used in this experiment will be explained.

■ セラミクス素体として、Sro、5Cao、iE 
r o、oos T l +、o Os となるようS
r COs +Ca Cot 、 E rt Os 、
 T i Osを配合し、これを混合、粉砕してセラミ
クス原料を形成した。
■ As ceramic bodies, Sro, 5Cao, iE
S so that r o, oos T l +, o Os
r COs + Ca Cot, E rt Os,
T i Os was blended, mixed and ground to form a ceramic raw material.

この原料を1200℃で2時間仮焼成した後再び粉砕し
、これにバインダー及びSlO□をそれぞれ3@t%、
 0.05 wt%加えて混合し、乾燥造粒した。
This raw material was calcined for 2 hours at 1200°C, then crushed again, and added with 3@t% of binder and SlO□, respectively.
0.05 wt% was added, mixed, and dried and granulated.

次に、この粉末をIt/ajの圧力で長さ6鶴1幅2゜
5m、厚さ1.2鶴のセラミクスシートに成形し、該シ
ートを1150℃で2時間焼成し、さらにこの焼結体を
還元雰囲気中にて1400℃で2時間焼成し、これによ
り本実験用のセラミクス素体を作成した。
Next, this powder was formed into a ceramic sheet with a length of 6 m, a width of 2.5 m, and a thickness of 1.2 m under a pressure of It/aj, and the sheet was fired at 1150°C for 2 hours. The body was fired at 1400° C. for 2 hours in a reducing atmosphere, thereby producing a ceramic body for this experiment.

■ また、金属アルミ層として、金属アルミニウム粉末
にフェスを混合してなるペーストを作成した。
■ Also, as a metal aluminum layer, a paste was prepared by mixing Fess with metal aluminum powder.

次に実験方法について説明する。Next, the experimental method will be explained.

i、上記■により作成したセラミクス素体の他主面全面
に上記ペーストを塗布し、これを1000℃及び110
0℃の空気中にて2時間焼成して、本実施例試料1.2
を作成した。
i. Apply the above paste to the entire other main surface of the ceramic body prepared in the above ①, and heat it at 1000°C and 110°C.
Sample 1.2 of this example was baked in air at 0°C for 2 hours.
It was created.

ii。また、上記■により作成したセラミクス素体を、
1000℃及び1100℃の空気中にて2時間熱処理し
て一旦バリスタ特性を付与した後、これに上記ペースト
を塗布し、これを1000℃の空気中にて再度熱処理を
施して、本実施例試料3,4を作成した。
ii. In addition, the ceramic body created by the above ■,
After heat-treating in air at 1000°C and 1100°C for 2 hours to impart varistor properties, the paste was applied and heat-treated again in air at 1000°C to obtain the sample of this example. 3 and 4 were created.

化0次に、上記各実施例試料1〜4のセラミクス素体の
一生面に、それぞれAgペーストを塗布し、これを80
0℃で焼き付けて一対の電極を形成した。そして、各実
施例試料1〜4のバリスタ電圧vIlI&、バリスタ電
圧のバラツキ、非直線係数α、及び耐パルス性ΔV1m
Aを測定した。なお、このバリスタ電圧のバラツキは、
3CV−標準偏差×3/平均×100%の式により求め
た。また、上記耐パルス性は、500^ビークの8×2
0μsec電流三角波を5分間隔で印加した後における
バリスタ電圧の変化率を測定した。
Next, Ag paste was applied to the whole surface of the ceramic body of each of the above-mentioned Example Samples 1 to 4, and
A pair of electrodes was formed by baking at 0°C. Then, the varistor voltage vIlI & of each example sample 1 to 4, the variation of the varistor voltage, the nonlinear coefficient α, and the pulse resistance ΔV1m
A was measured. Note that this variation in varistor voltage is
It was determined by the formula: 3CV-standard deviation x 3/average x 100%. In addition, the above pulse resistance is 8 x 2 with a peak of 500^
After applying a 0 μsec current triangular wave at 5 minute intervals, the rate of change in varistor voltage was measured.

なお、本実験では、比較するためにセラミクス素体に金
属アルミ層を形成していない従来のバリスタ、及びセラ
ミクス素体にAgによる導電層を形成してなるバリスタ
についても同様の測定を行った。
In this experiment, for comparison purposes, similar measurements were performed on a conventional varistor in which a metal aluminum layer was not formed on the ceramic body, and a varistor in which a conductive layer of Ag was formed on the ceramic body.

表はその結果を示す、同表からも明らかなように、セラ
ミクス素体に金属アルミ層を形成してない従来試料(第
1欄及び第58)の場合は、バリスタ電圧のバラツキが
47.1%、1!5.7%と高く、非直線係数及び耐パ
ルス性においても、それぞれ3゜1.4.2及び−25
,−3,9%と低(、酸化処理温度が高いほど劣化が大
きい、また、セラミクス素体にAgによる導電膜を形成
してなる比較試料(第2欄及び第6欄)の場合は、バラ
ツキで8.9.15.7%と低減できており、また非直
線係数、耐パルス性でも従来試料に比べ一定向上できて
いるものの、このAgの場合はプリント基板に直接実装
できず、高密度実装に対応できない。
The table shows the results. As is clear from the table, in the case of conventional samples (column 1 and column 58) in which a metal aluminum layer is not formed on the ceramic body, the variation in varistor voltage is 47.1. %, 1!5.7%, and the nonlinear coefficient and pulse resistance were 3°1.4.2 and -25%, respectively.
, as low as -3.9% (the higher the oxidation treatment temperature, the greater the deterioration; and in the case of comparative samples (columns 2 and 6) in which a conductive film made of Ag is formed on a ceramic body, Although the variation was reduced to 8.9% and 15.7%, and the nonlinear coefficient and pulse resistance were also improved to a certain extent compared to the conventional sample, in the case of this Ag, it could not be mounted directly on a printed circuit board, and the high Cannot support high-density mounting.

これに刈して、本実施例試料1〜4(第3.4欄及び第
7.8欄)の場合は、いずれもバリスタ電圧のバラツキ
は2.2〜3.2%と小さく、特性のバラツキが大幅に
低減されていることがわかる。
In addition to this, in the case of samples 1 to 4 of this example (column 3.4 and column 7.8), the variation in varistor voltage was as small as 2.2 to 3.2%, and the characteristics It can be seen that the variation is significantly reduced.

しかも非直線係数は6.3〜8.7、耐パルス性は−1
,2〜+0.2と上記従来試料、比較試料と比べて太き
(向上しており、バリスタ特性に優れた素子が得られて
いる。
Furthermore, the nonlinear coefficient is 6.3 to 8.7, and the pulse resistance is -1.
, 2 to +0.2, which is thicker (improved) than the conventional sample and comparative sample, and an element with excellent varistor characteristics has been obtained.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上のように本発明に係る一電圧非直S抵抗体によれば
、電極と対向するセラミクス素体の他主面側に金属アル
ミ層を形成し、これを熱処理して外表面に絶縁膜を形成
したので、酸化条件が異なった場合でも、特性のバラツ
キを解消できる効果があるとともに、プリント基板上に
実装する際の高密度実装に対応できる効果がある。
As described above, according to the single voltage non-direct S resistor according to the present invention, a metal aluminum layer is formed on the other main surface side of the ceramic body facing the electrode, and this is heat-treated to form an insulating film on the outer surface. Since it is formed, it has the effect of eliminating variations in characteristics even when the oxidation conditions are different, and also has the effect of being able to support high-density mounting when mounted on a printed circuit board.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図ないし第3図は本発明の一実施例によるバリスタ
を説明するための図であり、第1図はその斜視図、第2
図はその平蘭図、第3TI!Jはその側面図である。 図において、1はバリスタ(14圧非111vA抵抗体
)、2はセラミクス素体、2aはバリスタ素体の一主面
、2bは他主面、3は電極、4は金属アルミ層、4bは
絶縁膜である。
1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining a varistor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view thereof, and FIG.
The figure is that Heiranzu, 3rd TI! J is its side view. In the figure, 1 is a varistor (14 voltage non-111 vA resistor), 2 is a ceramic body, 2a is one principal surface of the varistor body, 2b is the other principal surface, 3 is an electrode, 4 is a metal aluminum layer, and 4b is an insulation It is a membrane.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] (1)バリスタ機能を発現するセラミクス素体の一主面
上に複数の電極を形成してなる電圧非直線抵抗体におい
て、上記セラミクス素体の、上記電極と該セラミクス素
体を挟んで対向する他主面上に、金属アルミニウムを主
成分とする金属アルミ層を形成し、これを熱処理するこ
とにより上記金属アルミ層の外表面に絶縁膜を形成した
ことを特徴とする電圧非直線抵抗体。
(1) In a voltage nonlinear resistor formed by forming a plurality of electrodes on one principal surface of a ceramic body that exhibits a varistor function, the electrodes of the ceramic body face each other with the ceramic body interposed therebetween. A voltage nonlinear resistor characterized in that a metal aluminum layer containing metal aluminum as a main component is formed on the other principal surface, and an insulating film is formed on the outer surface of the metal aluminum layer by heat-treating the layer.
JP1123779A 1989-05-16 1989-05-16 Voltage-dependent nonlinear resistor Pending JPH02302004A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1123779A JPH02302004A (en) 1989-05-16 1989-05-16 Voltage-dependent nonlinear resistor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1123779A JPH02302004A (en) 1989-05-16 1989-05-16 Voltage-dependent nonlinear resistor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02302004A true JPH02302004A (en) 1990-12-14

Family

ID=14869079

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1123779A Pending JPH02302004A (en) 1989-05-16 1989-05-16 Voltage-dependent nonlinear resistor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02302004A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7791449B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2010-09-07 Tdk Corporation Varistor and light-emitting apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7791449B2 (en) 2006-03-27 2010-09-07 Tdk Corporation Varistor and light-emitting apparatus

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