JPH0229273B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0229273B2 JPH0229273B2 JP57214408A JP21440882A JPH0229273B2 JP H0229273 B2 JPH0229273 B2 JP H0229273B2 JP 57214408 A JP57214408 A JP 57214408A JP 21440882 A JP21440882 A JP 21440882A JP H0229273 B2 JPH0229273 B2 JP H0229273B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- output
- aperture
- control
- imaging
- ccd
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/72—Combination of two or more compensation controls
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/71—Circuitry for evaluating the brightness variation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
<発明の分野>
本発明は被写体像を電気信号に変換する撮像手
段を有する撮像装置の露光量制御装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exposure amount control device for an imaging apparatus having an imaging means for converting a subject image into an electrical signal.
<従来技術の説明>
従来、動画撮影を行う撮像装置に於ては撮像手
段により得られた映像信号のレベルを検出して絞
りの絞り値を制御する、いわゆるオートアイリス
が用いられている。このように撮像手段の出力信
号を用いている為精度の高い露光量制御が可能で
ある。<Description of Prior Art> Conventionally, so-called auto iris is used in an imaging apparatus for shooting a moving image, which controls the aperture value of an aperture by detecting the level of a video signal obtained by an imaging means. Since the output signal of the imaging means is used in this way, it is possible to control the exposure amount with high precision.
そして最近、半導体技術の進歩によりCCD、
BBD等の固体撮像素子が開発され、磁気記録技
術の進歩と相俟つて静止画撮影を行う撮像装置も
提案されている。静止画撮影を行う場合には露光
量制御を迅速に行わないといわゆるシヤツターチ
ヤンスを逃してしまうので常時オートアイリス動
作を行つているのが望ましいが、電力消費の点か
ら無理である。そこで電源スイツチとレリーズス
イツチを分けることが考えられるが、この場合に
は電源スイツチを投入してから撮像素子及び信号
処理回路が安定して適正な絞り値を求めるのに要
する時間(T1)と、絞りが適性な値から大きく
ずれていた時、絞りを適正な値になるまで駆動す
るのに要する時間(T2)がかかる。 Recently, due to advances in semiconductor technology, CCD,
BACKGROUND ART Solid-state imaging devices such as BBD have been developed, and along with advances in magnetic recording technology, imaging devices that capture still images have also been proposed. When photographing still images, if the exposure amount is not controlled quickly, so-called shutter speed will be missed, so it is desirable to have auto iris operation at all times, but this is not possible in terms of power consumption. Therefore, it is possible to separate the power switch and release switch, but in this case, the time (T1) required for the image sensor and signal processing circuit to stabilize and find the appropriate aperture value after turning on the power switch, When the aperture deviates significantly from the appropriate value, it takes time (T2) to drive the aperture to the appropriate value.
一方、従来の銀塩フイルムを用いるカメラにお
いては測光手段としてSPC等の外部測光素子を用
いているので露光量制御は単純な構成となり、又
迅速な制御も可能である。しかしながら、かかる
方式を用いた場合には精度の点では撮像手段の出
力による制御に比べて劣つている。 On the other hand, in a conventional camera using a silver halide film, an external photometric element such as an SPC is used as a photometric means, so that exposure control is simple and rapid control is possible. However, when such a method is used, it is inferior to control based on the output of the imaging means in terms of accuracy.
<発明の目的>
本発明は上述の如き点に鑑みてなされたもの
で、迅速で且つ精度の高い露光量制御が可能で静
止画撮像装置に好適な露光量制御装置の提供を目
的としている。<Objective of the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exposure amount control device that is capable of rapid and highly accurate exposure control and is suitable for a still image imaging device.
<実施例の説明>
第1図は本発明を適用しうる静止画ビデオカメ
ラの一部の斜視図である。<Description of Embodiments> FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a still image video camera to which the present invention can be applied.
図において10は絞りリング、11は絞り羽
根、12はリング10に固定された突出部材で長
孔12aを有している。13は絞り制御アームで
ピン13aを有している。14は絞り駆動モータ
でその駆動軸14aは制御アーム13に固定され
ている。15はハーフミラー、16はシヤツタ羽
根、17はシヤツタ駆動モータでその駆動軸10
aはシヤツタ羽根16に固定されている。18は
フレーム転送型CCD、19は測光素子である。 In the figure, 10 is an aperture ring, 11 is an aperture blade, and 12 is a protruding member fixed to the ring 10 and has a long hole 12a. 13 is an aperture control arm having a pin 13a. Reference numeral 14 denotes an aperture drive motor, and its drive shaft 14a is fixed to the control arm 13. 15 is a half mirror, 16 is a shutter blade, 17 is a shutter drive motor and its drive shaft 10
a is fixed to the shutter blade 16. 18 is a frame transfer type CCD, and 19 is a photometric element.
絞り駆動モータ14の駆動力は制御アーム1
3、ピン13a、長孔12aを介して突出部材1
2に伝達され、絞りリング10を回転させる。絞
りリング10の回転により絞り羽根11が駆動し
開口面積が制御される。絞り開口を通した被写体
光はハーフミラー15によりその一部が測光素子
19に投射されると同時にCCD18面上に結像
される。又、シヤツタ羽根16はモータ17の駆
動により例えば60rpmで回転し、CCD18が転送
動作中は被写体光のCCD18への照射を禁止し、
スミアの発生を防止する。 The driving force of the aperture drive motor 14 is the control arm 1
3. The protruding member 1 is inserted through the pin 13a and the elongated hole 12a.
2 and rotates the aperture ring 10. The rotation of the aperture ring 10 drives the aperture blades 11 and controls the aperture area. A portion of the subject light passing through the aperture is projected onto a photometric element 19 by a half mirror 15, and at the same time is imaged onto the CCD 18 surface. Further, the shutter blade 16 is driven by the motor 17 to rotate at, for example, 60 rpm, and prohibits the irradiation of subject light to the CCD 18 while the CCD 18 is in the transfer operation.
Prevents smearing.
このような機構の制御に好適な回路例を第2図
に示す。 An example of a circuit suitable for controlling such a mechanism is shown in FIG.
第2図において、20はシヤツタ駆動回路、2
1はモータ17の位相検出回路、22は位相制御
回路、23はブロツク発生器、24はCCD駆動
回路、25は信号処理回路、26は絞り駆動モー
タ14を制御する絞り駆動回路、28はアンプ、
29はアンドゲート、30はインバータ、31,
32はアナログスイツチである。 In FIG. 2, 20 is a shutter drive circuit;
1 is a phase detection circuit for the motor 17, 22 is a phase control circuit, 23 is a block generator, 24 is a CCD drive circuit, 25 is a signal processing circuit, 26 is an aperture drive circuit that controls the aperture drive motor 14, 28 is an amplifier,
29 is an AND gate, 30 is an inverter, 31,
32 is an analog switch.
第2図の回路動作を第3図のタイムチヤートを
参照して説明する。 The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 2 will be explained with reference to the time chart shown in FIG.
不図示の電源スイツチにより、電源が投入され
ると、第2図の各部に電源が供給される。クロツ
ク発生器23の出力クロツクは位相制御回路2
2、CCD駆動回路24、及び信号処理回路25
に供給される。位相制御回路22は位相検出回路
21の出力信号とクロツク発生器23の出力クロ
ツクとにより位相誤差信号をシヤツタ駆動回路2
0に送り、モータ17の位相を制御すると同時に
位相が合うと位相ロツク信号(第3図e)をアン
ドゲート29の一方の入力端子に出力する。 When the power is turned on by a power switch (not shown), power is supplied to each part shown in FIG. The output clock of the clock generator 23 is supplied to the phase control circuit 2.
2. CCD drive circuit 24 and signal processing circuit 25
supplied to The phase control circuit 22 outputs a phase error signal to the shutter drive circuit 2 using the output signal of the phase detection circuit 21 and the output clock of the clock generator 23.
0 and controls the phase of the motor 17. At the same time, when the phases match, a phase lock signal (FIG. 3e) is output to one input terminal of the AND gate 29.
又、CCD駆動回路24はCCD18の撮像部へ
蓄積を指示する信号、垂直転送クロツク(第2図
b)、及び撮像電荷を読み出す水平転送クロツク
(第2図c)をCCD18に送る。そして時刻T1〜
T2の間に撮像部の不要電荷を垂直転送クロツク
により蓄積部に送り、更に水平転送クロツクによ
り外部へ送出し、不要電荷のクリアが完了し、水
平転送クロツクによる次回の読み出しが始まる
と、駆動回路24はクリア完了信号(第3図d)
をアンドゲート29のもう一方の入力端子へ出力
する。このクリア完了信号と前記位相ロツク信号
の両方の出力によりアンドゲート29の出力信号
(第3図f)がハイレベルとなる。 Further, the CCD drive circuit 24 sends to the CCD 18 a signal instructing the imaging section of the CCD 18 to accumulate, a vertical transfer clock (FIG. 2b), and a horizontal transfer clock (FIG. 2c) for reading out the imaged charge. And time T1~
During T2, unnecessary charges in the imaging section are sent to the storage section by the vertical transfer clock, and then sent to the outside by the horizontal transfer clock. When the unnecessary charges are cleared and the next readout starts by the horizontal transfer clock, the drive circuit 24 is the clear completion signal (Fig. 3 d)
is output to the other input terminal of the AND gate 29. By outputting both the clear completion signal and the phase lock signal, the output signal of the AND gate 29 (FIG. 3f) becomes high level.
従つてそれ以前はインバータ30の出力により
アナログスイツチ32が閉じており、測光素子1
9の出力をアンプ28で増幅した測光信号が絞り
駆動回路26に伝達され、絞りの開口面積が制御
される。 Therefore, before that, the analog switch 32 was closed by the output of the inverter 30, and the photometric element 1
A photometric signal obtained by amplifying the output of 9 by an amplifier 28 is transmitted to an aperture drive circuit 26, and the aperture area of the aperture is controlled.
そしてアンドゲート29の出力信号がハイレベ
ルとなるとスイツチ32は開となり、スイツチ3
1を閉じる。そしてCCD18の出力は信号処理
回路25を介して絞り駆動回路26に伝達され、
撮像手段そのものの出力で絞りの開口径が制御さ
れる。 When the output signal of the AND gate 29 becomes high level, the switch 32 is opened.
Close 1. The output of the CCD 18 is then transmitted to the aperture drive circuit 26 via the signal processing circuit 25.
The aperture diameter of the diaphragm is controlled by the output of the imaging means itself.
このようにCCD等の撮像手段、及びシヤツタ
等が正常に動作する以前に撮像手段以外の測光手
段で絞りを予め正確な値に近い所まで制御してい
るので、撮像手段の出力による絞りの制御量を大
幅に少なくすることができる為、制御時間を大幅
に短縮できる。しかも最終的には撮像手段の出力
を用いて絞りを制御しているので極めて高精度の
露出制御が可能である。 In this way, the aperture is controlled in advance to a close to accurate value using a photometric means other than the imaging means before the imaging means such as CCD and the shutter etc. operate normally, so the aperture can be controlled by the output of the imaging means. Since the amount can be significantly reduced, control time can be significantly shortened. Moreover, since the aperture is ultimately controlled using the output of the imaging means, extremely high-precision exposure control is possible.
尚、信号処理回路25の出力には一画面の各画
素の電荷レベルに対して重みづけをして和をとつ
た値に比例する電圧が発生する。そして重みづけ
の仕方によつて平均測光、中央部重点測光、部分
測光等が可能であるが、これらは公知であるので
詳細な説明は省略する。このように測光方式も各
種選択可能である。 Incidentally, at the output of the signal processing circuit 25, a voltage proportional to a value obtained by weighting and summing the charge levels of each pixel in one screen is generated. Depending on the weighting method, average photometry, center-weighted photometry, partial photometry, etc. are possible, but since these are well known, detailed explanations will be omitted. In this way, various photometry methods can be selected.
第4図に第2図の各回路素子を用いた他の制御
実施例のタイムチヤートを示す。 FIG. 4 shows a time chart of another control embodiment using the circuit elements shown in FIG. 2.
第4図において、aは電源、bは位相制御回路
22は印加される同期信号、cは位相ロツク信
号、dは垂直転送クロツク、eは水平転送クロツ
ク、fはスイツチ31のオン信号を夫々示す。 In FIG. 4, a is a power supply, b is a synchronizing signal applied to the phase control circuit 22, c is a phase lock signal, d is a vertical transfer clock, e is a horizontal transfer clock, and f is an ON signal of the switch 31, respectively. .
電源が投入されてのち、まずシヤツタ駆動回路
20、位相制御回路22、クロツク発生器23、
絞り駆動回路26、アンプ28に電源が供給さ
れ、位相ロツク信号が得られると、CCD駆動回
路24、信号処理回路25に電源が供給される。
すると通常のクロツク周波数より高い周波数の垂
直転送クロツク、及び水平転送クロツクがCCD
18に印加され、不要電荷の除去が時刻T3〜T4
の間で高速に行なわれる。そして時刻T4〜T5の
間でCCD18に電荷が蓄積され、時刻T6から水
平転送クロツクにより蓄積電荷の読出しが行われ
る。この時刻T6で絞り駆動回路26の制御を測
光素子19の出力による制御から信号処理回路2
5の出力による制御に切り換えるものである。こ
れはCCDのクリアに要する時間よりもシヤツタ
の位相制御に要する時間の方がはるかに長い為で
あり、かかる構成により無駄な消費電力を省くこ
とができる。 After the power is turned on, the shutter drive circuit 20, phase control circuit 22, clock generator 23,
When power is supplied to the aperture drive circuit 26 and amplifier 28 and a phase lock signal is obtained, power is supplied to the CCD drive circuit 24 and signal processing circuit 25.
Then, the vertical transfer clock and horizontal transfer clock, which have a higher frequency than the normal clock frequency, are transferred to the CCD.
18, and unnecessary charges are removed from time T3 to T4.
It is carried out rapidly between. Charges are accumulated in the CCD 18 between times T4 and T5, and the accumulated charges are read out by the horizontal transfer clock from time T6. At this time T6, the control of the aperture drive circuit 26 is changed from control based on the output of the photometric element 19 to the signal processing circuit 2.
This is to switch to control based on the output of No.5. This is because the time required to control the phase of the shutter is much longer than the time required to clear the CCD, and with this configuration, unnecessary power consumption can be avoided.
この実施例の具体的な配線は示さないが、当業
者であれば当然実施可能である。 Although specific wiring for this embodiment is not shown, those skilled in the art can naturally implement it.
尚、本実施例においては位相ロツク信号及びク
リア完了信号を用いて測光手段の切り換えを行つ
ているが、それらに要する時間を見込んだタイマ
ー回路の出力を用いて測光手段を切り換えてもよ
い。またCCDの蓄積時間の制御を行う場合には
シヤツタ手段を用いる必要はなく、CCD等のク
リアの完了信号のみで、或は撮像管を用いた場合
には充分にヒータが暖まつたことを検出するだけ
で測光手段の切り換えが可能となる。 In this embodiment, the photometry means is switched using the phase lock signal and the clear completion signal, but the photometry means may be switched using the output of a timer circuit that takes into account the time required for these steps. Furthermore, when controlling the storage time of the CCD, there is no need to use a shutter means, and only a clear completion signal of the CCD, etc., or when an image pickup tube is used, it can be detected that the heater has sufficiently warmed up. The photometry method can be switched simply by doing this.
又、本実施例ではハーフミラーを用いて測光を
行つているが、外部測光素子による測光精度はラ
フでよいから、絞りの前に出してもよい。 Further, in this embodiment, photometry is performed using a half mirror, but since the photometry accuracy of an external photometry element may be rough, it may be placed in front of the diaphragm.
又、撮像手段としてフレームトランスフア型
CCDを用いたが、他の固体撮像素子或は撮像管
等も使用できる。 Also, frame transfer type is used as an imaging means.
Although a CCD was used, other solid-state image pickup devices or image pickup tubes can also be used.
<効果の説明>
本発明は撮像手段が正常に動作するまでに、撮
像手段以外の測光手段により光量制御部材をある
程度正しい光量制御値に制御し、撮像手段から正
常に動作してから撮像手段の出力により光量制御
部材を適正な光量制御値に制御している。かかる
構成により、短時間で高精度な露光制御が可能と
なり、測光形態の自由度極めて大きいものであ
る。<Description of Effects> The present invention controls the light amount control member to a certain degree of correct light amount control value using a photometric means other than the imaging means before the imaging means operates normally, and then controls the light amount control member to a certain degree of correct light amount control value by the time the imaging means operates normally. The light amount control member is controlled to an appropriate light amount control value based on the output. This configuration enables highly accurate exposure control in a short time and provides an extremely large degree of freedom in photometry format.
第1図は本実施例の静止画ビデオカメラの一部
の分解斜視図、第2図は制御回路図、第3図は第
2図の各部の動作タイミング図、第4図は他の制
御例の動作タイミング図である。
図において14は絞り駆動モータ、17はシヤ
ツタ駆動モータ、18はフレームトランスフア型
CCD、19は測光素子、20はシヤツタ駆動回
路、22は位相制御回路、23はクロツク発生
器、24はCCD駆動回路、25は信号処理回路、
26は絞り駆動回路を夫々示す。
Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a part of the still image video camera of this embodiment, Fig. 2 is a control circuit diagram, Fig. 3 is an operation timing diagram of each part of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is another control example. FIG. 2 is an operation timing diagram. In the figure, 14 is an aperture drive motor, 17 is a shutter drive motor, and 18 is a frame transfer type.
CCD, 19 is a photometric element, 20 is a shutter drive circuit, 22 is a phase control circuit, 23 is a clock generator, 24 is a CCD drive circuit, 25 is a signal processing circuit,
Reference numeral 26 indicates an aperture drive circuit.
Claims (1)
の測光手段と、 前記撮像手段に照射される光量を制限する光量
制限部材と、 前記測光手段の出力及び撮像手段の出力を選択
的に用いて前記光量制限部材を駆動制御する切換
え手段と、 該切換え手段により前記測光手段の出力に応じ
て前記光量制限部材を駆動制御することにより露
光量の粗調整を行なつた後前記撮像手段の撮像出
力に応じて前記光量制限部材を駆動制御すること
により露光量の微調整を行なうよう前記切換え手
段を順次切換え制御する制御手段と、 を有することを特徴とする露光量制御装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. An imaging device that converts a subject image into an electrical signal; A photometric device other than the imaging device that detects the brightness of the subject image; and a light amount limiting member that limits the amount of light irradiated to the imaging device. and a switching means for selectively using the output of the photometry means and the output of the imaging means to drive and control the light quantity limiting member, and the switching means driving and controlling the light quantity limiting member according to the output of the photometry means. control means for sequentially switching and controlling the switching means so as to make fine adjustment of the exposure amount by driving and controlling the light amount limiting member according to the imaging output of the imaging means after roughly adjusting the exposure amount; An exposure amount control device comprising:
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57214408A JPS59104867A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Device for controlling amount of exposure |
DE19833344274 DE3344274A1 (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | IMAGE RECORDING DEVICE WITH AN EXPOSURE CONTROL DEVICE |
US07/057,716 US4734777A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1987-06-01 | Image pick-up apparatus having an exposure control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP57214408A JPS59104867A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Device for controlling amount of exposure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS59104867A JPS59104867A (en) | 1984-06-16 |
JPH0229273B2 true JPH0229273B2 (en) | 1990-06-28 |
Family
ID=16655291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP57214408A Granted JPS59104867A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Device for controlling amount of exposure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS59104867A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05111344A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-05-07 | Yasuo Imai | Squid jig caster |
JPH0567261U (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-09-07 | 第一精工株式会社 | Squid corner thrower |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2714951B2 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1998-02-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | Imaging device |
JP4647552B2 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2011-03-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Portable device |
-
1982
- 1982-12-07 JP JP57214408A patent/JPS59104867A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0567261U (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-09-07 | 第一精工株式会社 | Squid corner thrower |
JPH05111344A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-05-07 | Yasuo Imai | Squid jig caster |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS59104867A (en) | 1984-06-16 |
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