JPH02292117A - Display of cut condition in cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform machining under a resonable cut-in condition of high efficiency by displaying the cut-in depth, the quantity of cut and the resistance of cut on an display device on real time as a sign showing an actual cut condition during cutting operation and also displaying the limited value of the sing. CONSTITUTION:On a display device 75 with CRT, liquid crystal display, etc., the cut-in depth (mu), the partial cut factor (the quantity of cut) (cm<2>/min) and thrust force (kgf) are set in array to be easily compared with one another. The graphic scale for each quantity is set in an easy-looking manner for the material and size of a work without being fixed. A sing is a limited target, which is also filed in data base 73 with different values so as to be automatically set to the work. In this way, the cut-in depth, the partial factor and thrust force are displayed on real time in condition which varies from time to time for a period between the start and finish of the cutting operation of the work, therefore allowing proper operation section by section.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a method for displaying the actual cutting state on a display device while cutting a workpiece with a cutting machine such as a band saw. The present invention relates to a method for displaying cutting status in a cutting machine.

(Prior Art) Cutting conditions for a cutting machine, such as a band saw, have conventionally been expressed in two items: cutting rate and saw speed. The cutting rate corresponds to the cutting speed and is managed by the following formula.

Average cutting rate = Cutting area / Required time This average cutting rate is used as a guide to determine whether the depth of cut is appropriate or not.

In addition, cutting conditions are determined based on the condition of the cut surface, cutting sound, and the shape and color of chips.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, among the conventional methods for determining the cutting state described above, the only index indicating the depth of cut is the average cutting rate.

In fact, when cutting a workpiece with a bandsaw machine, there are two limitations: (1) the depth of cut is limited by the strength limit of the saw blade's tip, (2) the cutting amount is limited by the filling of the gullet, and (2) the limit of the body rigidity of the saw blade It is subject to three restrictions: the restriction of back force.

However, the currently adopted depth of cut limiting systems do not have any display function for the depth of cut limit items, such as depth of cut, amount of cutting (cutting rate), and thrust force. Therefore, operators had no choice but to rely on their past experience and intuition to deal with the above three limitations.

That is, it is necessary to change the depth of cut to an appropriate value according to the cutting length during cutting, but the way to understand and think about this is very unclear and differs from worker to worker.

An object of the present invention is to display the cutting depth, cutting amount (cutting rate), and cutting resistance as indicators of the actual cutting situation during cutting, and to display the respective limit values. are also displayed, and based on these displays, the current value is operated to approach the limit value, and the cutting process is performed by leading to reasonable and highly efficient cutting conditions for all cross-sectional areas. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for displaying the cutting state of a cutting machine.

Summary of the Invention (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for displaying the actual cutting situation during cutting while cutting a workpiece with a cutting machine. As indicators, depth of cut, cutting amount,
In addition to displaying the cutting force on the display device in real time,
This is a method of displaying the cutting state of the cutting machine in which the limit values of each index are also displayed on the display device.

(Function) By adopting the method and method for displaying the cutting status in the cutting machine of the present invention, the depth of cut can be used as an index representing the actual cutting status during cutting while the cutting machine is cutting the workpiece. , cutting amount, and cutting resistance are displayed on the display device in real time.

Furthermore, the limit values for each of these indicators are also displayed on the display device.

The current depth of cut, cutting amount, and cutting resistance displayed on the display device during cutting are compared with the limit values of each index displayed on the display device, and each index is brought closer to the limit value. By performing this operation, the workpiece can be cut under reasonable and highly efficient cutting conditions in all cross-sectional areas.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Examples of cutting machines include horizontal bandsaws, vertical bandsaws, circular saws, hacksaws, lathes, etc. In this embodiment, a hinge-type horizontal bandsaw is used as an example of the cutting machine. explain.

Before explaining the configuration of this invention, the basic idea for achieving this invention will be explained based on FIG. 2.

FIG. 2 shows a hinge-type band saw machine that cuts a work W such as a round material with a band saw blade T, and shows a state in which moments are balanced during the cutting operation.

In Fig. 2, W: Self-weight of the saw blade housing FH: Backward force F: Force due to elevation correction spring R: Reaction force of the swing hydraulic cylinder d: Half of the circle touching the band saw blade T from the hinge pin: Center of the hinge pin Distance from where the dead weight WT of the saw blade housing is applied E: Distance from the center of the hinge pin to where the back force FH is applied G: Distance from the center of the hinge pin to where the reaction force of the swing hydraulic cylinder is applied S: Band saw blade T in a circle with radius d from the center of the hinge bin
Angle θ between the contact point where the bandsaw blade T is in contact with the horizontal line after cutting the workpiece W with the band saw blade T: The angle between the straight line connecting the point where the back force of the band saw blade T is applied and the center of the hinge pin and the band saw blade It is the angle formed with T.

In FIG. 2, if it is assumed that the contact is maintained during the cutting operation, the following equation holds true.

W-fLcos (S-θ) +F ΦG-FH Φc
osθ●E+RG...(1) From equation (1), thrust force FH is...(2).

In equation (2), W-1 is an unknown quantity, and W-
The hair is a moment force relative to the hinge axis of the saw blade housing.

The value of W-1 is not always constant, but changes depending on the movement of the blade guide, and also changes due to machine differences caused by the resistance of the hinge part of the bandsaw machine. Therefore, it is necessary to measure each time.

Therefore, in order to find W-love, measurement is performed once during no load when the thrust force FH is approximately 0. The balance equation at that time is
In the above equation (1), by setting FH40, W- 1cos (So - θo) + FO G = RO
・Since it becomes G, ...(3) becomes.

In E24, since SO, θoSRO, F0 and G are preset values, they can be set as MO since they are constant values.

Therefore, the above equation (2) is ...《4).

In equation (4), if the pressure receiving area of the swing hydraulic cylinder device is AS and the primary pressure is P, then...(5) is obtained.

In the above equation (3), if RQ = AS − po, then
3) The formula becomes...《6).

Therefore, in the above equation (5), the thrust force FH can be calculated by detecting the internal pressure P of the swing hydraulic cylinder device. (θ, E and Fo, F are obtained by measuring the descent angle. ) The thrust force FH and the partial cutting rate C (cutting amount) are expressed by the following formula.

c =F H It is proportional to the force FH.

Further, when performing cutting control in which the cutting constant K is constant and the total thrust force is constant, the partial cutting rate C is proportional to the saw speed V.

Also, the depth of cut H is determined by the relationship shown in Figure 2, H = E
cos θ・sin S ”・(8).

From the above equation (8), since E5θ is constant, it can be found by detecting the descent angle S each time.

Therefore, during the cutting process when the band saw blade T is cutting the workpiece W, the back force FH is calculated from the above equation (5), and the above (7
) The partial cutting rate C1 is determined from the equation (8), and the depth of cut H is determined from the above equation (8).

Next, FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a cutting control device for a bandsaw machine.

In FIG. 1, the base 3'' of the bandsaw machine 1 includes:
A workpiece W is placed and clamped by a fixed vise 5 and a moving vise 7.

A vertically movable saw blade housing 9 for cutting a workpiece W is provided, and a rotatable driving wheel 11 and a rotatable driven wheel 13 are mounted on the saw blade housing 9. Its driving wheel 11 and driven wheel 13
A band saw blade T is wound around the . A saw blade motor 15 such as a servo motor equipped with an encoder 15A for detecting a saw speed V is operatively connected to the drive wheel 11 in order to drive the drive wheel 11.

With the above configuration, by driving the saw blade motor 15, the drive wheel 11 rotates in a fixed direction as shown by the arrow, and the band saw blade T runs from left to right.

A bracket 17 is attached to the lower right end of the saw blade housing 9, and the bracket 17 is pivotally supported by a hinge pin 19. Thus, the saw blade housing 9 is moved up and down using the hinge pin 19 as a fulcrum. A rotary encoder 21 is attached to the hinge pin 19 in order to detect the angle S when the saw blade housing 9 is moved up and down.

A hydraulic circuit 23 is provided in the saw blade housing 9 to control the vertical movement of the saw blade housing 9. For example, a hydraulic cylinder 27 is provided at the lower right side of the saw blade housing 9 via a piston rod 25 as a cylinder device of the hydraulic circuit 23. One end of a pipe 29 is connected to, for example, the left side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 27, and the other end of the pipe 29 is connected to a hydraulic pump 31. Piping 2
A check valve 33 is provided in the middle of the valve 9.

A motor 35 for operating the hydraulic pump 31 is connected to the hydraulic pump 31 . Also hydraulic pump 3
1 is connected to one end of a pipe 37, and the other end of the pipe 37 is connected to a filter 39. Filter 39 is provided within tank 41 .

One end of a pipe 43 is connected to the right side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 27, and the other end of the pipe 43 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 27.
A pressure sensor 45 such as an elastic body type pressure sensor 45 for detecting the pressure in the hydraulic chamber 27A inside is connected. Piping 43
One end of a pipe 49 is connected to a branch point 47 in the middle, and the other end of the pipe 49 is connected to the B port of a 4-port 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 51.

The 4-port 3-position solenoid switching valve 51 has a solenoid SQL+.
, SOL2 are respectively provided.

A pipe 53 is connected to the T port of the 4-port 3-position solenoid switching valve 51.
One end of the pipe 53 is connected, and the other end of the pipe 53 is communicated with the tank 41. In the middle of the pipe 53, there is a freely adjustable Ov. A quantity regulating valve 55 is provided.

According to the configuration described in 2 above, when the motor 35 is driven and the hydraulic pump 31 is operated, the oil in the tank 41 flows through the filter 39.
, and is blown up through the pipe 37 and discharged into the pipe 29. The oil discharged into the pipe 29 is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 27A of the hydraulic cylinder 27 and pushes up the piston rod 25, thereby raising the saw blade housing 9 using the hinge pin 19 as a fulcrum.

When the motor 35 is stopped and the solenoid SQL of the 4-boat 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 51 is energized, the B port and the T port are communicated, and pressure oil flows from the hydraulic chamber 27A of the hydraulic cylinder 27 to the pipe 43.

Since the pressure oil flowing into the pipe 43 is returned to the tank 41 via the pipes 49 and 53 and the flow rate regulating valve 55, the saw blade housing 9 is lowered by its own weight. At this time, by adjusting the flow rate regulating valve 55, the descending speed of the saw blade housing 9, that is, the amount of cutting is controlled.

The encoder 15A, rotary encoder 21, pressure sensor 45, and flow rate adjustment valve 55 provided in the saw blade motor 15 are connected to interfaces 57A and 57B, respectively.
, 57C and 57D to a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 61 of the control device 59.

A setting input section 63 is connected to the CPU 61 for manually inputting the first shift of preset settings. Also, CPU61
, a first calculation processing means 65 for calculating the moment force MO of the saw blade housing 9 against the hinge pin 19 by cutting the workpiece W in advance with the band saw machine 1 under no load with a thrust force of approximately 0; is connected.

The CPU 61 includes a second controller for calculating the actual thrust force FH that occurs when the saw blade housing 9 of the band saw machine 1 is lowered and the workpiece W is cut by the band saw blade T.
A calculation processing means 67 is connected thereto, and a third calculation processing means 69 for calculating an actual partial cutting rate C based on the actual thrust force F}l is also connected.

Further, a fourth calculation processing means 71 is connected to the CPU 61 for calculating the actual depth of cut (H).

Connected to the CPU 61 is a database 73 that stores limit values of depth of cut, back force, partial cutting rate, etc. as target cutting rate data for various steel materials set in advance. depth of cut H, back force F
A display device 75 is connected to display H, partial cutting rate C, and each limit value.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

In FIG. 3, the setting value GSAS etc. set in advance in step S1 are manually input from the setting manual unit 63. In step S2, it is determined whether or not to perform the first cutting process, and if it is determined that the first cutting process is to be performed, in step S3, the band saw machine 1 is applied to the workpiece W in an unloaded state where the thrust force FH is approximately 0. Perform the first trial cutting process. As a result, the process proceeds to step S4, where θOSFO explained in FIG. 2 is measured based on the angle SO detected by the rotary encoder 21. Further, in step S1, G and AS are set manually by the setting section 63 in advance. Note that AS is a pressure receiving area in the hydraulic chamber 27A of the hydraulic cylinder 27. Then, in step S5, these θO, F. Sso S
The values of G and AS are taken into the first arithmetic processing means 65. Furthermore, the pressure sensor 45 is connected to the first arithmetic processing means 65.
By taking in the pressure po detected in the first
In the calculation step 65, the moment force Mo of the saw blade housing 9 against the hinge pin 19 is calculated.

Next, the process returns to before step S2, and step S2 is performed again.
The cutting process is determined in step S6, and the process proceeds to step S6.

In step S6, the band saw machine 1 performs actual cutting on the workpiece W. In step S7, the pressure sensor 4 is
5, the pressure P is detected. Also, rotary encoder 2
1, the angle S at that time is detected, and θ0 and F are determined based on the value of the angle S. Furthermore, in step S8, the values of E, G and AS inputted in advance from the manual setting section 63, the value of the detected angle S, and the values of θ, F measured based on the value of the angle S, , the value of MO calculated by the first calculation processing means 65 and each value of the detected pressure P are taken into the second calculation processing means 67, so that the actual thrust force FH becomes It can be detected through calculation processing.

Next, in step S9, the second arithmetic processing means 67
The actual thrust force FH calculated by the setting manual force section 63
The values of the cutting constant K manually inputted in advance and the saw speed V manually inputted by the encoder 15A provided in the saw blade motor 15 are taken into the third arithmetic processing means 69, so that the actual part The cutting rate C is calculated as follows.

Further, in step S10, the angle S at that time is detected by the rotary encoder 21 and E and Q manually input from the setting manual unit 63, and these values are taken into the fourth arithmetic processing means 71. , the actual cutting depth H is calculated by H = E cos θ·sin S.

In step 511, the FH, C, and H processed by the second arithmetic processing means 67, the third arithmetic processing means 69, and the fourth arithmetic processing means 71 are displayed, for example, on the display device 75 together with the limit values of each index. , for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the operator can visually confirm the information by displaying the information.

That is, in FIG. 4, the display device 75 is, for example, a CR
T, on a display such as a liquid crystal display, the depth of cut (μ), partial cutting rate (cutting amount) (cm2
/min) and thrust force (kgf') are arranged side by side for easy comparison. The scale of the graph for each quantity is not fixed, but is set so that it is easy to see depending on the material and size of the workpiece W. In addition, the love seal is a limit target value,
Various values are stored in the database 73 so that this value is automatically set depending on the workpiece W.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the depth of cut (H
), the partial cutting rate (C), and the thrust force (FH) are displayed in real time, so that they can be optimized for each part at that time.

For example, in the display example shown in Fig. 4, the cutting length is short, so the cutting depth (H) has reached the limit value, and the other partial cutting rates (C) and thrust force (FH) are Indicates that the limit value has not been reached. As the cutting length increases, the partial cutting rate (C) and thrust force (FH) increase, and the depth of cut (H) decreases. In other words, by limiting any one of these three indexes to be close to the limit value, the cutting condition becomes the target because it is the most efficient.

In FIG. 3, after displaying in step 811, in step S12 it is determined whether any of the cutting depth (H), partial cutting rate (C), and thrust force (FH) has reached the target limit value. If any of the above three values has reached the target limit value, it is confirmed in step 813 and the process ends.

In step S12, if any index has not reached the target limit value, the flow rate limiting valve 55 or the saw speed of the saw blade motor 15 is controlled and the process returns to before step S12.

As shown in FIG. 5, the display device 75 can output, for example, the partial cutting rate (C) as measurement data, and can also output the depth of cut (H) and thrust force (FH) as well. It can also be output.

Furthermore, the display device 75 can also simulate the band saw blade T while cutting the workpiece W, as shown in FIG.

In this way, while cutting the workpiece W with the bandsaw blade T, the depth of cut (H), partial cutting rate (C), thrust force (FH), and limitations on each index during the cutting process are determined. Since the values can be displayed simultaneously on the display device 75 and confirmed, by controlling the flow rate control valve 55 and the saw speed of the saw blade motor 15 so that any one of these three indicators reaches the target limit value, all of the indicators can be checked. It is possible to derive reasonable and highly efficient cutting conditions for the cross-sectional portion of the cutter, and to achieve optimization at the mid-cutting portions and sections, allowing accurate cutting to be performed.

Furthermore, by displaying the cutting status, machine differences can be ignored, making it easier to assemble and adjust the machine.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be implemented in other embodiments by making appropriate changes. For example, although the present embodiment has been described based on thrust force as the cutting resistance, principal force may also be used.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, while cutting a workpiece with a cutting machine, the depth of cut, amount of cutting, Since the cutting force and the limit value for each index are displayed on the display device, the operator can confirm whether each index has reached the limit value. Therefore, by controlling one of these three indicators so that it reaches the limit value, it is possible to derive reasonable and highly efficient cutting conditions in all cross-sectional areas and perform accurate cutting. In other words, it is possible to achieve optimization at a portion or portions during cutting.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the basic concept for carrying out this invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart explaining the operation of this embodiment. FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6 are examples of how depth of cut, partial cutting rate, and back length are displayed on a display device or simulated. 1...Band saw machine 15...Saw blade motor 19...
・Hinge pin 21...Rotary encoder 23...
- Hydraulic circuit 27... Hydraulic cylinder 45... Pressure sensor 55... Flow rate adjustment valve 59... Control device
61... CPU 65... First arithmetic processing means 67... Second arithmetic processing means 69... Third arithmetic processing means 71... Fourth arithmetic processing means 73... Database 75 ...display device

Claims (1)

[Claims] While the cutting machine is cutting the workpiece, the cutting depth, cutting amount, and cutting resistance are displayed in real time on the display device as indicators of the actual cutting status during cutting, and the limit value of each indicator is displayed. 1. A method for displaying a cutting state in a cutting machine, characterized by displaying the same on a display device.