JPH0228902A - Electromagnet device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily match an electromagnet device to a monostable operation spring load by composing an auxiliary permanent magnet for supplying a magnetic flux to a central leg in the same direction as that of the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet which flows through the central leg in a state that the magnet is moved by a spring load to attract an armature to the central and side legs as part of the central leg. CONSTITUTION:A permanent magnet 3 is energized in one direction of the moving direction of the magnet 3 directly by a spring load or through armatures 4, 5. The spring load may employ a single return spring, or may be replaced with a contact spring in case of a relay or the like. An auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is so composed at the part of a central leg 7 as to supply a magnetic flux to the leg 7 in the same direction as that of the magnetic flux of the magnet 3 to flow through the leg 7 in a state that a permanent magnet 1 is moved by a spring load to attract the armature 2 to the leg 7 and side legs 8, 9. More specifically, it is interposed between the leg 7 and a yoke piece 10 to be magnetically and mechanically coupled. The magnet 6 is so magnetized in the thicknesswise direction in the same direction as a coil axis direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electromagnet device applied to an electromagnetic contactor for opening/closing a three-phase motor.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 8 shows a conventional example. That is, this electromagnetic device is
a substantially E-shaped yoke 53 having a central leg 50 and a pair of side legs 51 and 52; a coil 54 wound around the central leg 50;
A pair of side legs 51 and 52 are arranged on the distal end side of the central leg 50.
A permanent magnet 55 with magnetic poles N and S facing each other and movable in the direction of the magnetic poles N and S is provided at each of the magnetic poles N and S of this permanent magnet 55, and the tip end is paired with the central leg 50. A pair of armatures 56 are located between the center leg 50 and the side legs 51, 52, and the permanent magnet 55 is in a return position where the armature 56 is attracted to the center leg 50 and the side legs 51, 52 in one direction of the movement direction of the permanent magnet 55. and a spring load (not shown) for biasing the .

The side legs 51 and 52 of the yoke 53 are formed by U-shaped yoke pieces, and the central leg 50 is erected at the center thereof.

This electromagnetic device is made of coke 53. Coil 54° Permanent magnet 55. The dimensions of the armature 56 are the center v in the coil axial direction.
When made symmetrical with respect to AM, the magnetic attraction force becomes as shown in FIG. In the figure, Ql is a magnetic attraction force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied, Q2 is a magnetic attraction force characteristic curve due only to the permanent magnet 55, and Q3 is a magnetic attraction force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied in the opposite direction to Ql. , Q4 is the spring load line for bistable operation.

However, in the case of electromagnetic contactors, etc., it is common to use monostable electromagnets instead of bistable ones, and in this case, the spring load is as shown in Figure 12, and Ql is when the rated voltage is applied. Magnetic attraction characteristic curve, Q2 is permanent magnet 55
The magnetic attraction force characteristic curves, Q and L are spring loading lines for monostable operation.

Conventionally, in order to obtain a magnetic attraction force that can match this type of spring load, as shown in FIG.
By making the facing areas of the 1I51 and 52 with respect to the armature 56 asymmetrical, or by making the mutual surface areas of the armatures 56 different as shown in FIG.
The method used was to change the magnetic pole area of the left and right gaps. 57 is a casual plate.

These conventional examples have the advantage that only the dimensions of the parts need to be changed and the number of parts does not increase.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in these electromagnetic devices, the magnetic attraction force at the operating side or return side end becomes very steep because the magnetic pole area is made small.

Therefore, it is necessary to use a thicker regular plate 57, and using a thicker regular plate 57 increases the total magnetic gap. Therefore, there is a problem in that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic gap becomes large and the width of the magnetic attraction force becomes small.

Therefore, these electromagnetic devices have the disadvantage that they are difficult to match with a spring load for monostable operation.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic device that is easy to match with a spring load for monostable operation.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the electromagnet device of the present invention, the permanent magnet is moved by a spring load so that the armature is attracted to the center leg and the side legs, and the armature is moved in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flowing through the center leg. An auxiliary permanent magnet that supplies magnetic flux to the center leg is constructed as a part of the center leg.

[Effect]

According to the configuration of the present invention, since the auxiliary permanent magnet is formed in a part of the center leg, each magnetism is energized and non-energized.

The attraction force characteristic curve as a whole shifts toward the return side of the armature. This makes it easier to match with a monostable spring load. Furthermore, since the attractive force on the excitation side is lower than in the conventional example, the influence of magnetic saturation is reduced.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 6. That is, this electromagnetic device includes a yoke l, a coil 2, a permanent magnet 3, a pair of armatures 4 and 5, and an auxiliary permanent magnet 6.

The yoke 1 has a central leg 7 and a pair of side legs 8, 9.
It is formed into a letter shape. The central leg 7 has a rod shape as an example,
The side legs 8.9 are formed by U-shaped yoke pieces 1°, and the center leg 7 is erected on its center line 17 so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center vA17 in the coil axis direction. The tips of the central leg 7 and the side legs 8.9 are connected to the magnetic pole parts 148 to 14.
It becomes e.

The coil 2 is wound around the central leg 7. The coil 2 is formed by winding a winding 12 around the outer periphery of a coil frame 11. The hollow part 13 of the coil frame 11 has a prismatic shape, and the central leg 7 passes through it.

The permanent magnet 3 is arranged on the tip side of the central leg 7 and is connected to the pair of sides Ij8. The magnetic poles N and S face the tips of the magnetic poles N and S, respectively, and are movable in the direction of the magnetic poles N and S (arrows).

The moving direction of the permanent magnet 3 is perpendicular to the coil axis direction.

The armature 4.5 has each magnetic pole N of the permanent magnet 3.

S is provided, and the tip portion is located between the central leg 7 and the pair of side legs 8.9. In this embodiment, the armature 2 has a flat plate shape, and the same shape is the magnetic pole N of the permanent magnet 3.

It is fixed to S with adhesive. Armature 4
．． The tip portions of 5 become magnetic pole portions 15a and 15b. and,
Magnetic pole parts 14a to 14C of yoke 1 and armature 4.5
The magnetic pole parts 15a and 15b face each other in a direction perpendicular to the coil axis direction with four gaps G1 to G4 in between as shown in the figure.

The permanent magnet 3 is biased by a spring load (not shown) directly or via armatures 4, 5 in one direction (arrow A) in the direction of movement of the permanent magnet 3.

A single return spring may be used as the spring load, but in the case of a relay etc., a contact spring may also be used.

The auxiliary permanent magnet 6 moves in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 flowing through the center leg 7 with the armature 2 being attracted to the center leg 7 and the side legs 8.9 when the permanent magnet 1 moves due to a spring load. A part of the central leg 7 is configured to supply magnetic flux to the central leg 7 . Specifically, the central leg 7 and the yoke piece 10 are interposed at a connecting portion and are magnetically and mechanically coupled. The auxiliary permanent magnet 6 has a thin plate shape, is magnetized in the thickness direction, and has its magnetization direction in the same direction as the coil axis.

In addition, yoke 1. Coil 2. The permanent magnet 3 and the armature 4.5 are symmetrical with respect to a center line 17 in the axial direction of the coil.

To assemble this electromagnet, as shown in FIG. 2, a winding 12 is wound around a coil frame 11, and a yoke 1 provided with an auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is assembled into the coil frame 11.

Armature 4 is attached to magnetic poles N and S of permanent magnet 3, respectively.
．． Glue 5. Also guides the permanent magnet 3 (not shown)
movably supported.

Next, the operation will be explained. FIG. 3 shows a return state in which the coil 2 is not energized and is returned by a spring load. In this case, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 3 mainly flows through the path φ1 (solid arrow). That is, magnetic pole N of permanent magnet 1 - magnetic pole part 15a of armature 5 - gap G1 - magnetic pole part 14c of side leg 8 - auxiliary permanent magnet 6 - magnetic pole part 14a of central leg 7 -
Flows through gap G3 - magnetic pole portion 15b of armature 4 = magnetic pole S of permanent magnet 3. Further, the magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 mainly flows through the path Φ3 (-dotted chain arrow).

Here, the magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is
The flux flows in the same direction as the magnetic flux generated by
direction).

On the other hand, FIG. 4 shows an operating state in which the coil 2 is excited. In this case, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 3 mainly passes through the path Φ1'
(solid arrow). That is, magnetic pole N of permanent magnet 1 - magnetic pole part 15'a of armature 5 - gap G2→
Magnetic pole part 14a of central leg 7 - auxiliary permanent magnet 6 - magnetic pole part 14b of side leg 9 - gap G, → magnetic pole part 1 of armature 4
5b → flows through the magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet 3. Further, the magnetic flux generated by the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 mainly flows through the path Φ3' (-dotted chain arrow). In the operating state, the magnetic flux generated by the coil 2 excites the coil 2 so as to flow along the path Φ2 (dashed line arrow). Therefore, the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is equal to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic flux generated by the coil 2. It acts in the direction of canceling the magnetic flux, and the attractive force on the operating side becomes smaller (in the - direction in Fig. 5).

Figure 5 shows the attractive force characteristics of the armature 2, Pl is the attractive force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied when the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is installed, and P2 is the angry voltage when the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is installed. P3 is the attractive force characteristic curve when applying the open circuit voltage when the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is installed, P4 is the attractive force characteristic curve when only the permanent magnet 3 is installed when the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is installed. P5 is the spring load for monostable operation, P6 is the attractive force characteristic curve when the rated voltage is applied without the auxiliary permanent magnet 6, and P7 is the attractive force characteristic curve when only the permanent magnet 3 is used. This is a suction force characteristic curve.

According to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the conventional magnetic pole area is changed to make it oriented for monostable operation, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
Compared to the attractive force characteristic curve R2 at the operating end obtained by the electromagnet shown in the figure, which has a steep attraction force characteristic curve R2, the attractive force characteristic curve P3 at the operating end obtained by this example has a gentler slope and elongation. The monostable operation spring load curve P at the side end has a higher attractive force, and there is no need to use the regular plate 57 to cut off the magnetic attraction force at the operating side end, as in the conventional example. Also, since there is no need to change the magnetic pole area, symmetrical parts can be used.

Furthermore, since the regular plate 57 is not required, there is no need to reduce the total facing area of the magnetic gap as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. The range of change F1 in the magnetic attraction force near the position T in FIG. 5 where the spring load force peculiar to the device rapidly increases can be increased, and therefore it becomes easier to match even a biased spring load such as an electromagnetic contactor.

Moreover, since the structure is such that the auxiliary permanent magnet 5 is fitted into the hollow part 13 of the coil frame 11, it is easy to fix the auxiliary permanent magnet 6.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the central leg 7, the yoke piece 10, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 are fixed together. An adhesive 18 is applied to both sides of the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 in the magnetic pole direction, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is attracted to the auxiliary permanent magnet 6. The yoke piece 10 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 are attached by the adhesive force of force + adhesive 18.
and are combined.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the electromagnetic device of the present invention, since the auxiliary permanent magnet is formed in a part of the central leg, the magnetic attraction force characteristic curves of energized and non-energized states are entirely shifted toward the return side of the armature. Therefore, it is easier to match with a monostable spring load.Therefore, there is no need to reduce the magnetic pole area of the gap, provide a regular plate, or make it thicker as in the conventional example. , a highly efficient monostable electromagnet can be obtained.

Also, since the attractive force on the excitation side is lower than in the conventional example, there is an effect that the influence of magnetic saturation is reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the non-excited state, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the excited state, and FIG. A magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram of the armature, FIG. 6 is a magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram of the armature on the operating side, and FIG. 7 is a side view of another embodiment with the auxiliary permanent magnet installed. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a conventional example, Figs. 9 and 10 are exploded perspective views of different conventional examples, Fig. 11 is a bistable magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram, and Fig. 12 is a bistable type magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristic diagram. FIG. 3 is a diagram of stable magnetic attraction force and spring load characteristics. l...Yoke, 2...Coil, 3...Permanent magnet,
4゜5... Armature, 6... Auxiliary permanent magnet, 7
...Central leg, 8.9...Side leg Fig. 2 Fig. Cause Fig. Fig. Procedure amendment (Spontaneous 1゜2゜3゜1 Shoulder cow 1988 Name of special invention Electromagnet Relationship with the device correction case

Claims (1)

[Claims] a substantially E-shaped yoke having a central leg and a pair of side legs; a coil wound around the central leg; and a coil disposed on the distal end side of the central leg, with magnetic poles facing the distal ends of the pair of side legs. a permanent magnet that is movable in the direction of the magnetic poles; a pair of armatures that are provided on each of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets and whose tips are located between the central leg and the pair of side legs; and a spring load that biases the permanent magnet to a return position in which the armature is attracted to the central leg and the side legs in one direction of the magnet movement, wherein the permanent magnet is in the return position. An electromagnetic device characterized in that an auxiliary permanent magnet that supplies magnetic flux to the central leg in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet flowing through the central leg is configured as a part of the central leg.