JPH0228678B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0228678B2 JPH0228678B2 JP55058159A JP5815980A JPH0228678B2 JP H0228678 B2 JPH0228678 B2 JP H0228678B2 JP 55058159 A JP55058159 A JP 55058159A JP 5815980 A JP5815980 A JP 5815980A JP H0228678 B2 JPH0228678 B2 JP H0228678B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- foaming agent
- foaming
- air
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DOLVFFGLNYMIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-ditert-butyl-6-[3-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]propyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C=NCCCN=CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O DOLVFFGLNYMIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は密閉型機械掘式シールド機におい
て、掘削土砂に起泡剤を添加する方法および添加
装置に関する。その目的は掘削土砂の流動性を高
め掘削および排土作業の能率化を図ることにあ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for adding a foaming agent to excavated soil in a closed mechanical excavator. The purpose is to improve the fluidity of excavated soil and to improve the efficiency of excavation and soil removal operations.
切羽をシールド掘進機の隔壁によつて密封し、
カツターにより掘削した土砂をスクリユーコンベ
ヤを経由して排出する密封型機械堀式シールド機
が近年かなり広く採用されるに至つた。このシー
ルド機は軟弱な粘性土系の地盤には適しているも
のの、滞水した砂、砂レキ層に対しては掘削土が
スムーズに流動せず掘進不能となることが多い。 The face is sealed by the bulkhead of the shield tunneling machine,
In recent years, sealed mechanical excavation type shield machines, which discharge earth and sand excavated by a cutter via a screw conveyor, have been widely adopted. Although this shield machine is suitable for soft, clay-based ground, the excavated soil often does not flow smoothly in water-logged sand and gravel layers, making it impossible to excavate.
このような現象に対処する方法としては、掘削
土砂中に起泡剤、ベントナイト、粘土などの混合
物からなる潤滑剤を添加する方法が提案されてい
る。ところが起泡剤を含む潤滑剤、あるいは起泡
剤単独を使用する方法は土砂中で十分に発泡し難
く、あるいは発泡したものを効率よく添加する方
法がなく、このため添加しても水圧によつて気泡
が押しつぶされてしまい潤滑剤としての効果を発
揮することができず、未だ実用化されるに至つて
いない。 As a method for dealing with this phenomenon, a method has been proposed in which a lubricant consisting of a mixture of a foaming agent, bentonite, clay, etc. is added to the excavated soil. However, lubricants containing a foaming agent or using a foaming agent alone have difficulty foaming sufficiently in the soil, or there is no efficient way to add foamed lubricants. As a result, the air bubbles are crushed and the lubricant is no longer effective, so it has not yet been put to practical use.
この発明は前記事情に鑑みなされたもので、地
下水圧が作用しても土砂中で押しつぶされない気
泡を効率よく供給する方法および装置を提案する
もので、その要旨とするところは、密閉型機械掘
式シールド機による掘削において、掘削地盤の地
下水水頭値より高圧の加圧空気のもとで発泡状態
となした起泡剤を地下水水頭値より高く、かつ前
記高圧の加圧空気より低圧に調整した加圧空気と
ともに噴射して、これを掘削地盤中に圧入する起
泡剤の添加方法および添加装置である。 This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and proposes a method and device for efficiently supplying air bubbles that will not be crushed in the earth and sand even when groundwater pressure acts. During excavation with a digging type shield machine, the foaming agent is foamed under pressurized air at a pressure higher than the groundwater head value of the excavated ground, and the foaming agent is adjusted to a pressure higher than the groundwater head value and lower than the high pressure pressurized air. This is a method and apparatus for adding a foaming agent, in which the foaming agent is injected together with pressurized air and pressurized into the excavated ground.
この発明においては、起泡剤は地下水水頭値よ
り高圧の加圧状態で発泡させることにより均一で
所定の内圧を有する気泡が得られる。これを地下
水水頭値よりやや高圧で、発泡時の空気圧により
低圧の加圧空気と共に掘削地盤に噴射することに
より地下水圧に対してその形状を保つことがで
き、また余分な地地下水を排除して気泡の地盤中
への注入性が向上し、同時に起泡剤の希釈が防止
され、さらに未発泡の起泡剤を土粒子内で発泡さ
せる動きも有している。このため起泡剤による掘
削土砂の流動性が向上し掘削、排土の作業性向上
を図ることができる。 In this invention, the foaming agent is foamed under pressure higher than the groundwater head value, thereby producing uniform bubbles having a predetermined internal pressure. By injecting this into the excavated ground at a pressure slightly higher than the groundwater head value, along with low-pressure pressurized air during foaming, it is possible to maintain its shape against groundwater pressure, and eliminate excess groundwater. The ability to inject air bubbles into the ground is improved, and at the same time, dilution of the foaming agent is prevented, and it also has the ability to foam unfoamed foaming agent within the soil particles. Therefore, the fluidity of the excavated soil is improved by the foaming agent, and the workability of excavation and soil removal can be improved.
以下図示する実施例により説明する。 This will be explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
第１図は起泡剤添加装置の全体図である。この
装置は地下水水頭値よりやや高圧の低圧圧気部Ａ
とそれより高圧の高圧発泡部Ｂよりなつている。
低圧圧気部Ａは従来のシールド工事に一般に用い
られているもので、低圧用コンプレツサーあるい
はプロワーで空気を加圧して供給し減圧弁で所定
の送気圧に調整し送気管１を経由して切羽に向い
噴出するものである。高圧発泡部Ｂは起泡剤タン
ク２，２、コンプレツサー３、（吐出圧７Kg/cm、
吐出量１m3／min）発泡筒４より構成され、起泡
剤タンク２，２およびコンプレツサー３と発泡筒
４の入口部との間には送液管５および圧気管６が
配設してあり、送液管５には送液ポンプ７、圧気
管６には調圧弁８が取付けてある。発泡筒４の出
口端には気泡管９が取付けてあり、その先端部は
送気管１の先端部の整流部１０内に開口してい
る。 FIG. 1 is an overall view of the foaming agent addition device. This device is a low-pressure air section A that is slightly higher than the groundwater head value.
and a high-pressure foaming section B with a higher pressure.
The low-pressure air section A is generally used in conventional shielding work, and is supplied with pressurized air using a low-pressure compressor or blower, adjusted to a predetermined supply pressure using a pressure reducing valve, and then supplied to the face via the air supply pipe 1. It gushes in the opposite direction. High-pressure foaming section B includes foaming agent tanks 2, 2, compressor 3, (discharge pressure 7Kg/cm,
The foaming cylinder 4 has a discharge rate of 1 m 3 /min), and a liquid feeding pipe 5 and a pressure air pipe 6 are arranged between the foaming agent tanks 2, 2 and the compressor 3, and the inlet of the foaming cylinder 4. A liquid feeding pump 7 is attached to the liquid feeding pipe 5, and a pressure regulating valve 8 is attached to the pressure air pipe 6. A bubble tube 9 is attached to the outlet end of the foam tube 4, and its tip opens into a rectifier 10 at the tip of the air tube 1.
第２図は発泡筒４部分を示すもので、タンク
２，２からポンプ７で所定の流速で圧送された起
泡剤液は発泡筒４の入口端において、送液管５先
端ノズルから噴出し、ここで圧気管６の先端から
噴出した所定圧、流速の高圧空気と激しく混合す
る。発泡筒４内には合成繊維モノフイラメント糸
１１（旭ダウ社製サランモノフイラメントを使
用）が充填してあるため、高圧空気と混合した起
泡剤液はモノフイラメント糸に頻度高く接触して
均一安定な発泡状態となる。 Figure 2 shows the foaming tube 4, in which the foaming agent liquid is pumped from tanks 2, 2 by the pump 7 at a predetermined flow rate and is jetted out from the nozzle at the tip of the liquid feeding tube 5 at the inlet end of the foaming tube 4. Here, it mixes vigorously with high-pressure air at a predetermined pressure and flow rate ejected from the tip of the pneumatic trachea 6. Since the foam tube 4 is filled with synthetic fiber monofilament yarn 11 (Salan monofilament manufactured by Asahi Dow Co., Ltd. is used), the foaming agent liquid mixed with high-pressure air frequently contacts the monofilament yarn and is uniformly distributed. It becomes a stable foaming state.
第３図は整流部１０を示すもので、入口、出口
部にはそれぞれ金網１２，１２が取付けてあり、
内部には合成繊維モノフイラメント糸１３（旭ダ
ウ社製、サランモノフイラメント）が軽く充填さ
れている。この整流部１０においては気泡の安定
化を図り、同時に地下水水頭値よりやや高圧の低
圧圧気と発泡状態の起泡剤液とを混合一体となし
噴射をするに効果があり、土砂の送気管内への流
入が防止される。 FIG. 3 shows the rectifying section 10, in which wire meshes 12, 12 are attached to the inlet and outlet sections, respectively.
The inside is lightly filled with synthetic fiber monofilament yarn 13 (Salan Monofilament, manufactured by Asahi Dow Co., Ltd.). This rectifying section 10 is effective in stabilizing the air bubbles and at the same time mixing and injecting low-pressure air with a pressure slightly higher than the groundwater head value and the foaming agent liquid in a foaming state. This prevents the inflow into the area.
この装置は以上の構成あり、この装置を運転す
るに当つては、低圧圧気部Ａの送気圧は掘削地盤
条件によつて異なるが原則として切羽に作用する
地下水理論水頭値よりやや高い圧とする。高圧発
泡部Ｂの空気圧は、起泡剤の種類などにより変化
するが、低圧圧気部Ａの送気圧より３〜５Kg/cm3
程度高めにすることにより均質な発泡と噴射を図
ることができる。 This equipment has the above configuration, and when operating this equipment, the pressure of the low pressure air section A varies depending on the excavation ground conditions, but as a general rule, the pressure should be slightly higher than the theoretical groundwater head value acting on the face. . The air pressure in the high-pressure foaming section B varies depending on the type of foaming agent, but it is 3 to 5 kg/cm 3 higher than the supply pressure in the low-pressure air section A.
Homogeneous foaming and spraying can be achieved by increasing the degree of foaming.
起泡剤は計量器を兼ねたタンク２，２で所定の
濃度に希釈した後使用されるが、その使用量は掘
削土砂の粒径に大きく左右される。細砂の場合は
掘削土１m3当り起泡剤（原液換算）２、粒度配
合の良好な砂レキの場合は１m3当り３程度添加
するならば十分な効果が期待できる。粒度配合の
不良なものに対してはペントナイト、砂等をモル
タル状に練つて別途添加するならば流動性の改善
に有効である。 The foaming agent is used after being diluted to a predetermined concentration in tanks 2, which also serve as measuring devices, and the amount used largely depends on the particle size of the excavated soil. In the case of fine sand, a sufficient effect can be expected by adding 2 foaming agents (converted to undiluted solution) per 1 m 3 of excavated soil, and in the case of sand sand with a good particle size mix, about 3 per 1 m 3 of excavated soil. For those with poor particle size mixing, it is effective to improve fluidity by kneading pentonite, sand, etc. into a mortar and adding it separately.
この発明は以上の通りであるり、起泡剤は掘削
地盤の地下水水頭圧より高圧の加圧空気のもとで
発泡状態を保ち、地下水水頭値より高圧で、前記
高圧の加圧空気より低圧に調整したの加圧空気と
ともに噴射し、掘削地盤内に圧入されるので、地
下水水圧によつて押し潰されたり、地下水により
希釈されたりすることがなく、よく発泡した状態
で掘削地盤に圧入することができ、掘削土砂の流
動性を改善し、掘削と排土の能率向上を図ること
ができる。また切羽に向い開口した低圧圧気部の
先端部に高圧発泡部に続いた気泡管を開口した装
置を用いるならば、圧気式シールド工法に必要な
圧気とともに発泡状態の起泡剤を噴射できるので
圧気による切羽壁面の保護と掘削土砂の潤滑性の
向上が同時に図り得るので効率がよい。 The present invention is as described above, and the foaming agent maintains a foaming state under pressurized air at a pressure higher than the groundwater head pressure of the excavated ground, and the foaming agent maintains a foaming state at a pressure higher than the groundwater head value and lower than the high pressure pressurized air. Since it is injected with pressurized air adjusted to the desired temperature and pressurized into the excavated ground, it is not crushed by groundwater pressure or diluted by groundwater, and is injected into the excavated ground in a well-foamed state. It is possible to improve the fluidity of excavated soil and improve the efficiency of excavation and soil removal. In addition, if a device is used in which a bubble tube connected to a high-pressure foaming section is opened at the tip of a low-pressure air section that opens toward the face, foaming agent in a foamed state can be injected together with the pressurized air required for the pressure-air shield method. It is efficient because it can protect the face wall surface and improve the lubricity of excavated earth and sand at the same time.
図面は実施例の添加装置を示すものであつて、
第１図は全体図、第２図は発泡筒部分の一部被断
側面図、第３図は整流部の縦断面図である。
Ａ……低圧圧気部、Ｂ……高圧発泡部、１……
送気管、２……起泡剤タンク、３……コンプレツ
サー、４……発泡筒、５……送液管、６……圧気
管、７……ポンプ、８……調圧弁、９……気泡
管、１０……整流部、１１……合成繊維モノフイ
ラメント糸、１２……金網、１３……合成繊維モ
ノフイラメント糸。
The drawing shows the addition device of the example,
FIG. 1 is an overall view, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the foam tube portion, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the flow straightening section. A...Low pressure air part, B...High pressure foaming part, 1...
Air pipe, 2... Foaming agent tank, 3... Compressor, 4... Foam tube, 5... Liquid feeding pipe, 6... Pressure air pipe, 7... Pump, 8... Pressure regulating valve, 9... Bubbles Pipe, 10... Rectifier, 11... Synthetic fiber monofilament yarn, 12... Wire mesh, 13... Synthetic fiber monofilament yarn.
Claims (1)
て、掘削地盤の地下水水頭値より高圧の加圧空気
のもとで発泡状態となした起泡剤を地下水水頭値
より高く、かつ前記高圧の加圧空気より低圧に調
整した加圧空気とともに噴射して、これを掘削地
盤中に圧入することを特徴とする起泡剤の添加方
法。 ２ 密閉型機械掘式シールド機において、掘削地
盤の地下水水頭値より高圧の空気中で起泡剤を発
泡させる高圧発泡部と、地下水水頭値より高く、
かつ高圧発泡部より低い圧力の低圧圧気部とを設
け、低圧圧気部の切羽に向い開口した送気管の先
端部内に前記高圧発泡部に続いた気泡管を開口せ
しめて、発泡状態の起泡剤を加圧空気とともに切
羽に向い噴射可能になしてあることを特徴とする
起泡剤の添加装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. In excavation using a closed mechanical shield excavator, a foaming agent is foamed under pressurized air at a pressure higher than the groundwater head value of the excavated ground, and A method for adding a foaming agent, which comprises injecting it together with pressurized air adjusted to a lower pressure than the high pressure pressurized air and pressurizing it into excavated ground. 2. In a closed mechanical excavation type shield machine, there is a high-pressure foaming part that foams the foaming agent in air at a pressure higher than the groundwater head value of the excavated ground, and
and a low-pressure air section with a pressure lower than that of the high-pressure foaming section, and a bubble pipe connected to the high-pressure foaming section is opened in the tip of an air pipe that opens toward the face of the low-pressure air section, thereby producing a foaming agent in a foamed state. A foaming agent addition device characterized in that the foaming agent is capable of being injected along with pressurized air toward a face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5815980A JPS56156391A (en) | 1980-05-01 | 1980-05-01 | Foaming agent addition method and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5815980A JPS56156391A (en) | 1980-05-01 | 1980-05-01 | Foaming agent addition method and apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56156391A JPS56156391A (en) | 1981-12-03 |
| JPH0228678B2 true JPH0228678B2 (en) | 1990-06-26 |
Family
ID=13076202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5815980A Granted JPS56156391A (en) | 1980-05-01 | 1980-05-01 | Foaming agent addition method and apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56156391A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58148118A (en) * | 1982-02-25 | 1983-09-03 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Transport method for powdered and granular body |
| JPS6019898A (en) * | 1983-07-14 | 1985-02-01 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Shield construction method |
| JPS61137994A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1986-06-25 | 株式会社大林組 | Soil pressure shield excavation method |
| JPS62125196A (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-06 | 株式会社銭高組 | Soil pressure shield excavating method using muddy slurry |
| JPS62206194A (en) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-09-10 | 株式会社熊谷組 | Shield type tunnel excavation method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54144741A (en) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-12 | Shimizu Construction Co Ltd | Method of construction of earthhpressure shield excavation |
| JPS5545936A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-03-31 | Obayashi Gumi Kk | Method of soil pressure shielded excavation with foaming agent |
-
1980
- 1980-05-01 JP JP5815980A patent/JPS56156391A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54144741A (en) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-12 | Shimizu Construction Co Ltd | Method of construction of earthhpressure shield excavation |
| JPS5545936A (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-03-31 | Obayashi Gumi Kk | Method of soil pressure shielded excavation with foaming agent |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56156391A (en) | 1981-12-03 |
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