JPH02279953A - Collecting apparatus of solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable automatic utilization of a solar heat according to a temperature in an apparatus by constructing the title apparatus of a heat-collecting plate keeping the heat of sunbeams transmitted through a transparent member accommodated in an air tank, an upper air vent element accommodating an upper one-way valve and a fan, a lower air bent element accommodating a lower one-way valve, and a theremoswitch. CONSTITUTION:A heat-collecting plate 5 is made of a material absorbing excel lently the heat of sunbeams l entering an air tank 4 through a window 12, and it raises the temperature of air in the air tank 4. When a fan 7 rotates in an upper air vent element 8, the air in the air tank 4 passes through an upper air vent port 2 and makes an upper one-way valve 6 and it is exhausted outside a pipe 14. A lower air vent element 10 is so constructed that, when the fan 7 rotates, the air outside passes through a pipe 16, makes a lower one- way valve 9 open and flows into the air tank 4 from a lower air vent port 3. A thermoswitch 11 is provided in the air tank 4, and when the air in the air tank 4 is heated to a prescribed temperature or above, it turns ON and makes the fan 7 rotate, while it turns OFF when the temperature of the air lowers to a prescribed temperature or below, and stops the fan 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a solar heat collector for effectively utilizing solar heat.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, the finiteness of resources has become a problem, and energy conservation has become a hot topic, and insulation materials are now commonly used in houses.

Using insulation in your home reduces the amount of heat energy escaping from the room, but on the other hand, it also prevents solar heat from entering the room, but it traps heat energy generated indoors in the summer and prevents solar heat in the winter. Conflicting situations are emerging, such as making it impossible to incorporate them indoors.

A heat collecting device that actively takes in solar heat from this point of view is known, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 101687/1987. This heat collection device is installed in one door compartment, and seals air between the heat collection plate facing outdoors and the back plate to form an air layer, and ventilates the upper and lower parts of the back plate. Each vent is provided with an opening, and the ventilation openings provided in the upper and lower parts can be opened and closed as necessary. According to this heat collecting device, when the winter sun's rays hit the heat collecting plate and heating it, the heat collecting plate warms the air in the air layer, creating an upward air current. Warm air flows into the indoor space through the mouth.

At this time, the lower part of the air layer becomes negative pressure, and indoor air is sucked through the lower vent, heated again, becomes an upward airflow, and flows into the indoor space through the upper vent, creating an air circulation flow.

In this way, the cold air inside the room is warmed through the heat collector and returned to the room as high-temperature air, raising the indoor air and heating the room.

On the other hand, at night, as the heat collector is cooled, the air in the air layer is cooled and becomes a downward current, which tends to flow into the room through the lower vents.To prevent this, the upper vents and This closes the bottom vents and prevents the backflow of cooling air.

In addition, during the summer, radiation cooling at night is used to send cold air into the room, cooling the room, storing cold heat in all the materials in the room, and preparing for the rise in temperature during the day. During the day, close the upper and lower vents to prevent hot air from entering the room.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the above-mentioned heat collection devices are limited in their installation locations because they are used only in door pockets, and the upper and lower ventilation openings are opened and closed by humans as necessary. The above opening/closing cannot be performed unless the heat collecting plate is opened and closed at the same time.■Since the heat collecting plate faces outdoors, it is easily affected by wind etc., and another transparent plate is required on the outside of the heat collecting plate. , there are problems such as the need for extra materials, and it is difficult to put it into practical use.

Therefore, the present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and
The purpose is to provide a solar heat collector that can automatically utilize solar heat depending on the temperature inside the device without any particular installation location as long as it is exposed to sunlight, and that can save on materials used. do.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collecting device that can utilize the heat of sunlight more effectively.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collecting device that can prevent solar heat collection from changing greatly depending on the position of the sun.

[Means for Solving the Problems J In order to solve the above problems, the solar heat collecting device of the present invention includes:
An air tank having at least one side made of a transparent member through which sunlight passes, and having one upper ventilation hole and a lower ventilation hole, respectively; a heat collecting plate that retains heat; an upper ventilation section that is provided to cover the upper ventilation port of the air tank and that houses an upper one-way valve and a fan, respectively;
It consists of a lower ventilation section that is provided to cover the lower ventilation port of the air tank and houses a lower one-way valve, and a thermoswitch that is located within the air tank.

Further, it is even better if a condensing lens is provided in the air tank so that the focal point of the sunlight that has passed through the transparent member is located on the heat collector plate.

Furthermore, it is even better if the air tank is cylindrical.

[For production]

According to the solar heat collecting device configured as described above, the sunlight passing through the transparent member hits the heat collecting plate and raises the temperature of the heat collecting plate, warming the air in the air tank, and when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the thermoswitch turns on and the fan in the upper vent rotates.

Since the vicinity of the upper vent becomes negative pressure, the upper one-way valve opens, and the warm air in the air tank is discharged to the outside through the upper vent. At the same time, the inside of the air tank becomes negative pressure, so the lower one-way valve of the lower ventilation section opens and outside air enters from the lower ventilation port.

When the temperature inside the air tank decreases to below a predetermined temperature, the thermo switch turns off, the fan stops, and the pressure near the upper vent becomes the same, so the upper one-way valve and lower one-way valve close. The air in the air tank does not move.

In addition, when there is a condensing lens, the sunlight that passes through the transparent member is concentrated on the focal point on the heat collecting plate, and the heat collecting plate near the focal point becomes high temperature, causing a large convection in the air in the air tank. Uniformly warms the air in the air tank.

Furthermore, if the air tank is cylindrical, even if the position of the sun changes, the solar rays can be received over almost the entire surface of the heat collecting plate, and solar heat can be obtained almost evenly [Example 1 Hereinafter, the method of the present invention] Examples will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a front view of the solar heat collector of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the solar heat collector, and Figure 3 is III-I of Figure 2.
4 is a sectional view taken along line II, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 indicates a solar heat collecting device, and the solar heat collecting device 1 includes an air tank 4 having a certain capacity and having an upper vent 2 and a lower vent 3, respectively.
A heat collecting plate 5 which is housed in the air tank 4 and retains the heat of the sun's rays, and a heat collecting plate 5 which is provided to cover the upper ventilation port 2 of the air tank 4 and which houses an upper one-way valve 6 and a fan 7, respectively. an upper ventilation section 8 located within the air tank 4; a lower ventilation section 10 provided to cover the lower ventilation port 3 of the air tank 4 and housing the lower one-way valve 9; The main component is a thermoswitch II provided therein.

The air tank 4 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is made of synthetic resin, steel plate, etc., and has an opening 4a on one side, into which a sliding door type window (transparent member) 12 is fitted. This window 12 has a transparent glass 12b in a window frame 12a, and sunlight enters the air tank 4 through the window 12.

The heat collecting plate 5 is made of a black non-woven fabric or the like, that is, a window I.
It is made of a material that well absorbs the heat of the sunlight β that enters the air tank 4, and raises the temperature of the air inside the air tank 4.

The upper ventilation part 8 has a pipe 14 attached to the box 13 provided on the upper surface of the air tank 4 so as to cover the upper ventilation port 2 as described above, and the upper one-way valve 6 is installed inside the box 13. Further, a fan 7 is housed inside the pipe 14. That is, in this upper ventilation part 8, when the fan 7 rotates, the air in the air tank 4 passes through the upper ventilation port 2, opens the upper one-way valve 6, and is discharged to the outside of the pipe 14. .

In the lower ventilation part IO, a pipe 16 is attached to a box 15 provided on the lower surface of the air tank 4 so as to cover the lower ventilation port 3, and a lower one-way valve 9 is housed in the box 15. It becomes. That is, in the lower ventilation section 10, when the fan 7 rotates, external air passes through the pipe 16, opens the lower one-way valve 9, and flows into the air tank 4 through the lower ventilation port 3. .

The thermoswitch 1) is provided in the air tank 45 and is turned on when the air in the air tank 4 reaches a predetermined temperature or higher to rotate the fan 7, and when the air in the air tank 4 reaches a predetermined temperature or lower, the thermoswitch 1) turns on. It turns off and stops the fan 7.

Next, the operation of the solar heat collector 1 having the above configuration will be explained.

First, place the solar heat collector 1 on a window 1 in a place exposed to sunlight.
2 is installed facing south. Next, the pipes 14 and 16 of the upper ventilation section 8 and the lower ventilation section IO are connected to a room to be heated, such as a building. When sunlight β enters the heat collecting plate 5 in the air tank 4 through the window 12, solar heat is absorbed by the heat collecting plate 5, the temperature of the heat collecting plate 5 rises, and the air in the air tank 4 is warmed. . The warm air naturally rises and passes through the upper vent 2.
The warmed air pushes open the upper one-way valve 6 and attempts to pass into the upper pipe 14. At this time, the air in the air tank 4 is at a high temperature, so the thermo switch 1
) is turned on, the power is turned on, the fan 7 rotates, a negative pressure is created between the fan 7 and the upper one-way valve 6, the upper one-way valve 6 is completely opened, and air heated by solar heat is smoothly pumped into the room. send to

Also, as the warmed air rises, cold and heavy air from the lower part is sucked in from the room through the lower pipe 16, pushes open the lower one-way valve 9, passes through the lower vent 3, and enters the lower part of the air tank 4. . The cold, heavy air that enters is heated by the sun's heat and rises. That is, the solar heat collecting device 1 of the present invention collects solar heat through its circulation action as described above.

Further, when solar heat is no longer transmitted to the air tank 4 (at sunset, during cloudy and rainy weather, etc.), the thermo switch 1) is turned off, the power is cut off, and the fan 7 is stopped. The air becomes cold and heavy and is forced to the lower part of the air tank 4, passes through the lower vent 3, and tries to flow back into the room from the lower pipe 16. However, the lower one-way valve 9 is closed and there is no movement of air. Also, the upper pipe 1
4, the movement of cold air into the air tank 4 is also eliminated by closing the upper directional valve 9.

5 and 6 show another embodiment of the present invention, and the difference from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is that a condensing lens I7 is provided in the air tank 4, The focal point 18 is located approximately on the surface of the heat collecting plate 5, and the temperature of the heat collecting plate 5 around the focal point 18 is high. That is, by providing the condensing lens 17, solar heat can be collected more effectively. For other configurations and effects,
Since this embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, reference numerals are attached to the drawings and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the difference from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is that the air tank 4 has a cylindrical shape and the heat collecting plate 5 is also cylindrical. The point is that it is

That is, the purpose of making the air tank 4 cylindrical in this manner is to prevent solar heat from being unavailable depending on the position of the sun, or to prevent the amount of heat from decreasing significantly even if it can be used.

The other configurations and operations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, so the reference numerals are attached to the drawings and detailed explanations are omitted.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, according to the solar heat collecting device of the present invention, the sunlight passing through the transparent member hits the heat collecting plate and raises the temperature of the heat collecting plate, causing the air in the air tank to increase in temperature. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or higher, the thermoswitch turns on and the fan in the upper vent rotates. Since the vicinity of the upper vent becomes negative pressure, the upper one-way valve opens, and the warm air in the air tank is discharged to the outside through the upper vent. At the same time, the inside of the air tank becomes negative pressure,
The lower one-way valve of the lower vent opens to admit outside air from the lower vent. When the air in the air tank drops below a predetermined temperature, the thermo switch turns off and the fan stops.
Since the pressure near the upper vent is the same, the upper one-way valve and the lower one-way valve are closed, and the air in the air tank does not move. Therefore, the installation location is not particularly limited as long as it is exposed to sunlight, and solar heat can be automatically utilized depending on the temperature within the device, and the materials used can be saved.

1. Also, if there is a condensing lens, the sunlight that passes through the transparent member will be focused on the focal point on the heat collecting plate, and the heat collecting plate near the focal point will become hot, causing a large convection in the air in the air tank. Wake up and warm the air in the air tank evenly. Therefore, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the heat of sunlight can be used more effectively.

Furthermore, if the air tank is cylindrical, even if the position of the sun changes, the sun's rays can be received over almost the entire surface of the heat collecting plate, and solar heat can be obtained almost evenly. Therefore, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, it is possible to prevent the concentration of solar heat from changing greatly depending on the position of the sun.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 is a front view of the solar heat collector of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the solar heat collector, and Figure 3 is taken along line HIII in Figure 2. 4 is a sectional view along line IV-TV in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a circular front view of FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A sectional view taken along the line Vl--Vl in the figure, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1...-Solar heat collector 3--Lower vent 5--Heat collector plate 7...Fan 9--Lower one-way valve 1) ...-Thermoswitch 12...Window (transparent member) 18...Focus β-...Sunbeam 2...Two-part vent 4. ...Air tank 6--One-way valve 8--Upper ventilation section lO--Lower ventilation section 17--Condensing lens

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An air tank configured at least on one side of a transparent member through which sunlight passes, and has an upper vent and a lower vent, respectively, and the sunlight that is housed in the air tank and passes through the transparent member. a heat collecting plate that retains the heat of the light beam; an upper ventilation section that is provided to cover the upper ventilation opening of the air tank and houses an upper one-way valve and a fan; and a lower ventilation opening of the air tank. 1. A solar heat collecting device comprising: a lower ventilation section that is provided so as to cover the air tank and houses a lower one-way valve; and a thermoswitch that is provided within the air tank. (2) The solar heat collecting device according to claim (1), wherein a condensing lens is provided in the air tank so that the focal point of the sunlight passing through the transparent member is located on the heat collecting plate. The solar heat collecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tank is a cylindrical body.