JPH02276991A - Nuclear fusion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable efficient heat conversion by filling a cathode with a refrigerant for heat absorption and providing a power output means in a refrigerant circulation system, setting the boiling point of the refrigerant lower than that of heavy water, and providing a separate refining device which gathers gas produced in a container. CONSTITUTION:The heavy water 2 with which, for example, iron sulfate, nickel chloride, etc., are mixed is injected into the container 1 which has heat insulation effect and a platinum comb-shaped anode 3 and a comb-shaped cathode 4 which is made of palladium, titanium foil, etc., and decreases in heat resistance are provided and engaged at a specific interval. The electrodes 3 and 4 are applied with a DC or AC voltage from a power source 5. The electrode 4 is filled with the refrigerant 6 which is lower in boiling point than the heavy water 2, e.g. liquid of, for example, fluorochloride substituent body and the upper part of the electrode 4 is led to a turbine 8 by a communication pipe 7. A cooler 11 is provided between communication pipes 9 and 10 and heat is removed by the cooling material 12. The upper part of the container 1 is led to a gas separator 15 by a communication pipe 14 and its lower part is linked with the container 19 by a communication pipe 16 through a valve 18. A cooler 11' is provided halfway to the communication pipe and heat is removed by a cooling material 12'.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to the invention of nuclear fusion or nuclear fusion-like phenomena,
In particular, it relates to so-called room-temperature nuclear fusion, which does not require the high-temperature environment conventionally required.

[Conventional technology]

It was previously known that nuclear fusion reactions occur by heating plasma to a high temperature.

However, forming and maintaining this high temperature range is extremely difficult.

However, Professor Martin Fleischmann of the University of Southampton in the UK, Professor Stan Bonsja of the University of Utah in the US, and Professor Stephen Jones of Brigham University in the US have developed so-called room-temperature nuclear fusion, which does not require the creation and maintenance of such a high-temperature region. (Asahi Shimbun, March 24, 1989, 13th edition morning edition, page 3; also March 30, 13th edition, morning edition, page 3; Yomiuri Shimbun, April 3, 1989, 12th edition) (See page 25).

These newly developed nuclear fusion processes are simple and revolutionary, as they are created by using palladium as the negative electrode and platinum as the positive electrode, filling a container with heavy water, and passing an electric current between the two electrodes.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned conventional technology does not take into consideration the conversion of the generated thermal energy into other energy, and there is a problem in that the energy cannot be converted efficiently and safely.

An object of the present invention is to efficiently and safely convert the heat generated by nuclear fusion into other energy using a simple method. In addition, in the following explanation, taking into consideration the fact that it cannot be said that it is the same principle as the so-called nuclear fusion that has been proposed in the past, we will include it in the term nuclear fusion for convenience of explanation, since it can be said to be a phenomenon similar to nuclear fusion. . In any case, it is unusual in that it uses monoheavy water as a raw material and generates high heat.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a nuclear fusion device consisting of a container for storing heavy water, an electrode installed in the container, and a power source for passing a current between the electrodes. A power extraction means is provided in the refrigerant circulation system filled with a refrigerant and incorporating the refrigerant vapor condensing means, the boiling point of the refrigerant is lower than the boiling point of heavy water, and the gas generated in the container is transferred to the container. It is equipped with equipment for collection, separation and purification. Note that it is also effective to use high-resistance pure water in order to apply a high voltage.

[Effect]

Low-temperature nuclear fusion uses heavy water (D
When a negative electrode made of palladium or titanium and a positive electrode made of gold or platinum are immersed in i○) and a voltage is applied between the two electrodes, it is generated within the negative electrode. This is due to the fact that positively charged deuterium ions are rapidly incorporated into the metal crystal such as palladium used for the negative electrode due to the force of the voltage, becoming highly dense inside the crystal, and deuterium (D) comrades are Nuclear fusion. In this reaction, a large amount of heat is generated, as shown in the following nuclear fusion reaction equation.

D+D-+n+3He+3.27MeV $(1
)D+D→P+T+4.03MeV 4(2)
At the same time, neutrons (n) and helium (3He).

Protons (P) and tritium (T) are generated. These neutrons radiate other substances and are harmful.

Further, by electrolysis, hydrogen gas is generated on the surface of the negative electrode, and oxygen gas is generated on the surface of the positive electrode.

Here, the heat pipe metallurgically bonded to the cathode quickly transfers the heat generated at the cathode to a fluid that undergoes a phase change within the heat pipe, such as a refrigerant such as a fluorochloride, thereby preventing overheating and pseudoheating of the cathode. This prevents the accompanying boiling of deuterium, film boiling of deuterium that causes electrical insulation, and melting due to the barreout phenomenon of the electrode. Therefore, it is preferable that the boiling point of this cooling refrigerant is sufficiently lower than that of deuterium. The refrigerant evaporated by the heat of the cathode expands, turns a turbine installed in the refrigerant cycle, and is converted into electrical energy by a generator directly connected to the turbine. After turning the turbine, the evaporative refrigerant is cooled by water or air, condenses, becomes a liquid refrigerant, and returns to the heat pipe. In this way, the thermal energy generated by the deuterium fusion reaction within the cathode can be efficiently converted into electrical energy.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. Container 1, which has an insulating effect, contains iron sulfate, nickel chloride, palladium chloride, and lucium carbonate.

Heavy water 2 mixed with nitric acid, etc. is injected into a comb-shaped anode electrode 3 made of gold or platinum, and a comb-shaped negative electrode with palladium or titanium foil or granules attached to the outer surface to reduce thermal resistance. 4, and the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 4 are in an engaged state with a predetermined distance maintained between them.

A DC or AC voltage is supplied to both electrodes from a power source 5. The cathode 4 is filled with a refrigerant 6 having a boiling point lower than the boiling point of heavy water 2, such as a liquid such as a fluorochlorosubstituted product, and the upper part of the inside of the shield electrode is filled with a liquid such as a fluorochlorosubstituted product.

It is led to the turbine 8 through a communication pipe 7, and is connected to the inner upper part of the electrode through a communication pipe 9 and 10. In addition, communication pipes 9 and 1
A cooler 11 is provided between 0 and 0, and heat is exhausted by a cooler 12. A generator 13 is directly connected to the turbine 8 .

The upper part of the container 1 is a communication pipe 14 that leads to a gas separator 15 , and the lower part thereof is a communication pipe 16 that communicates with a container 19 via a valve 18 . Further, a cooler 11' is installed along the way, and heat is exhausted by a cooler 12'. In the gas separator 15, oxygen and hydrogen in heavy water vapor are separated using an adsorbent or cryogenic separation method. The separated gas is turned into water by the reactor 17 and stored in the container 19. On the other hand, the other separated gas is
As a result, it is discharged outside the container 1.

Now, when a voltage is applied between the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 4 using the power supply 5 and a current is passed, deuterium is incorporated into the palladium on the outer surface of the negative electrode 4, a low-temperature nuclear fusion reaction occurs, and a large amount of heat is generated. do. This heat evaporates the refrigerant 6 in the cathode, and the steam rotates the turbine 8, causing the generator 13 to generate electricity. A part of the generated electricity is supplied to electricity g5. The steam after rotating the turbine is cooled and condensed in the cooler 11, and returns to the shade @t'JiA again.

On the other hand, the vapors of oxygen, hydrogen, helium, and deuterium generated on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes rise through the communication pipe 14, and the deuterium condenses in the cooler 11' and returns to the container 1.
The water is divided in the gas separation purifier 15, turned into water in the reactor 17 at the bottom, and stored in the container 19. On the other hand, helium gas is discharged to the outside of the container 1 via the valve 20.

In this example, the communication pipes 7, 10.14 are electrically insulated. Further, the nuclear fusion reaction can be easily suppressed by lowering the voltage supplied from the power source 5 and by separating the two electrodes that are interlocked in a comb-like shape to reduce the interlocking surface. On the other hand, since the heat of the cathode is absorbed by a refrigerant with a boiling point lower than that of heavy water, boiling of heavy water on the outer surface of the cathode can be suppressed, preventing electrical insulation of the cathode and dangerous situations such as melting of the electrode. can be avoided. Further, the same effect can be obtained even if a second refrigerant circulation system is provided between the main refrigerant and the turbine to generate electricity. Further, even if the refrigerant in the negative electrode is depressurized heavy water, the same effect is produced.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, thermal energy generated by low-temperature nuclear fusion can be efficiently and safely converted into electrical energy via a refrigerant with a boiling point lower than that of heavy water.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the heat generated by the nuclear fusion reaction generated at the cathode can be absorbed by the low boiling point refrigerant inside the cathode, and the refrigerant vapor can be used to generate electricity, so this heat can be easily used and
It can be effectively and safely converted into electrical energy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a nuclear fusion device illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Container, 2... Heavy water, 3... Positive electrode, 4... Negative electrode, 5... Power source, 6... Refrigerant, 8... Turbine, 13... Generator, 15 ...Gas separator, 17...
・Reactor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a nuclear fusion device consisting of a container for storing heavy water, electrodes installed in the container, and a power source for passing a current between the electrodes, a refrigerant for heat absorption is filled between the cathode electrodes. A nuclear fusion device characterized in that a power extraction means is provided in the refrigerant circulation system including the refrigerant vapor condensing means. 2. The nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the refrigerant in the cathode is lower than the boiling point of heavy water outside the cathode. 3. The nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the container is provided with a device for collecting, separating and purifying the gas generated in the container. 4. Pour some of the gas generated in the container into the upper part of the container,
4. The nuclear fusion device according to claim 3, further comprising a reaction device for chemically reacting other substances with high density. 5. The nuclear fusion device according to claim 1, wherein the electrodes are formed in a comb-teeth shape, and both electrodes are installed in an interlocking manner.