JPH02274901A - Railroad tie and spike driving for it - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a tie from being broken due to shearing by opening holes each more than a specific factor times as wide as the side length of a spike into a tie and inserting a plug of fiber in a specified direction into the hole, to cross the directions of fibers of the sleeper and the plug each other, when a rail is laid on the tie. CONSTITUTION:A tie body 1 is formed of a heat-cure foaming body 2 of hard urethane resin and long fibers 3 comprising glass roving distributed and buried in the forming 2 in longitudinal direction. Also, a drilling hole of a side length more than 1.5 times that of a spike 9 is provided at a position, where the spike 9 is to be driven, near the butt end 5 of the tie body 1. In addition, a plug 6 is formed of the same material as the tie body 1 into a cylindrical body, and buried into the drilling hole 4 through an epoxy adhesive agent. When the spike 9 is driven into the plug 4, it is wedged into the plug 4 to generate compressive force, and the plug 4 is compressed in the longitudinal direction of the tie body 1 to absorb the compressive force and weaken a force shearing the butt end 5 of the tie body 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to sleepers used on railway tracks and the like, and a method for driving dog nails for fastening rails and the like to the sleepers.

(Prior Art) Sleepers made of wood or thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers are used to lay rails on railway tracks and the like. To fasten the rail to this sleeper,
As shown in Fig. 4(a), the dog nail C is driven into the sleeper d so that the head of the dog nail C is engaged with the base of the rail a, or the dog nail C is driven into the sleeper d as shown in Fig. 4(b). ), this is done by driving dog nails C into sleepers d through tie plates e.

In this case, the positions where the dog nails are driven are generally at both ends of the sleeper d and close to the end r.

(Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention) However, in the above-mentioned prior art, when dog nails are driven into sleepers, shear failure occurs in the direction in which the fibers of sleeper d are arranged, as shown in FIG. 5(a). Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5(b), cracks may occur, making it easy for the dog nails to be pulled out of the sleeper, and the dog nails will corrode more quickly due to the intrusion of rainwater.

In particular, when the sleeper is made of thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers buried in the longitudinal direction, there is a problem that shear failure or cracking is likely to occur along the fiber orientation direction. . Specifically, if the dog nail is placed within 50mm from the butt end, shear failure (see Figure 5 (a)
), and in the case of 50 to 100 mm, cracks occurred.

The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to:
To provide a method for driving sleepers and dog nails that does not cause shear failure or cracks near the ends of the sleepers.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the sleeper of the present invention, holes having a diameter of 1.5 times or more the side length of the dog nails are bored in the sleeper body in which the fibers are arranged in the longitudinal direction. A plug having substantially the same diameter as the drilled hole and having fibers arranged in a certain direction is inserted into the hole, and the direction in which the fibers in the plug are arranged intersects with the direction in which the fibers in the sleeper main body are arranged. It is characterized by this.

In addition, the method for driving dog nails of the present invention involves drilling holes with a diameter of at least 1.5 times the side length of the dog nails at the positions where the dog nails are to be driven in the main body of the sleeper whose fiber direction is the longitudinal direction. The process of setting up
A plug having approximately the same diameter as the drilled hole and having fibers arranged in a certain direction is inserted into the drilled hole using an adhesive so that the fiber direction of the plug intersects with the fiber direction of the sleeper main body. This process consists of a step of inserting the plug into the plug, and a step of driving a dog nail approximately in the center of the inserted plug.

In the present invention, as the sleeper whose fiber direction is the longitudinal direction, in addition to natural wood, for example, a thermosetting resin foam reinforced with long fibers buried in the longitudinal direction is used. The thermosetting resin foam is formed into a columnar body.

The holes to be drilled in the sleeper have a diameter that is 1.5 times or more the length of the side of the dog nail, and are drilled at the position where the dog nail is to be driven, that is, at a position close to the butt end.

The plug in the present invention has the same diameter as the above-mentioned drilled hole, and is obtained by processing the same material as the sleeper into a cylindrical shape. In this case, the fiber direction of the plug is arranged in a constant direction orthogonal to the insertion direction of the plug.

In the present invention, the dog nail side length refers to the length of one side in the cross section of the prismatic portion of the lower neck portion of the dog nail to be driven.

In the second aspect of the invention, the diameters of the drilled hole and the plug are limited as described above, because if the diameter is less than 1.5 times the side length of the dog nail, when the dog nail is driven into the plug, the sleeper This is undesirable because it may cause shear failure or cracks near the end of the wood.

(Function) Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the plugs that intersect with the fibers arranged in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper main body are easily compressed in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper main body. Therefore, when dog nails are driven into the plugs and the dog nails are driven into the plugs in a dendritic manner, the compressive stress generated in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper body acts in a direction that crosses the arrangement direction of the fibers of the plugs. However, since it is absorbed by crushing the plugs, shear stress does not extend to the butt end of the sleeper body.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the method for driving sleepers and dog nails of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a sleeper main body, 2 is a thermosetting resin foam made of hard urethane resin, and 3 is a long fiber made of glass roving. The long fibers 3 are arranged in the longitudinal direction and constitute the sleeper body 1 in a state where they are dispersed and embedded in the foam 2.

4 is a hole drilled near the end 5 of the sleeper body 1.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a plug, which is formed into a cylindrical shape from the same material as that used for the sleeper main body 1. The long fibers 7 dispersed and embedded in the foam of the plug 4 are arranged perpendicular to the driving axis direction of the plug 6.

The plug 6 is embedded in the drilled hole 4 using an epoxy adhesive made of a hardening resin, and the dog nail 9 is inserted when the rail 8 is placed on the sleeper as shown in FIG. You will be driven into it.

The diameter of the drilled hole 4 and the plug 6 are approximately the same,
As shown in FIG. 3, each diameter d is at least 1.5 times the side length of the dog nails 9, and the fibers 5 of the plugs 6 are arranged in the same direction as the fibers 3 of the sleeper body 1. For the intersection angle α
is in the range of 30 to 90°.

Next, a method for driving dog nails into sleepers will be described, for example, using an example in which dog nails are driven into sleepers laid on a railway track.

In FIGS. 1 and 3, a diameter of at least 1.5 times the side length of the dog nail 9 is placed at the position where the dog nail 9 is driven in the sleeper main body 1 in which the fibers 3 are arranged in the longitudinal direction. Drill hole 4 with. A plug 6 having the same diameter as the drilled hole 4 is arranged so that the direction in which the fibers 5 of the plug 6 are arranged intersects the direction in which the fibers 3 of the sleeper main body 1 are arranged, and an adhesive made of thermosetting resin is applied. Drive it into the drilled hole 4 through the hole.

Next, a pilot hole is drilled approximately in the center of the plug 4, a dog nail 9 is driven into the pilot hole, and the head 91 of the dog nail is inserted into the base part 8 of the rail 8.
Lock it to 1. At this time, the dog nails 9 are driven into the plug 4 in a pattern, and compressive stress is generated. The plugs 4 are crushed in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper main body 1, the compressive stress is absorbed, and the force that tries to shear the end 5 side of the sleeper main body 1 is weakened.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the method for driving sleepers and dog nails of the present invention is configured as described above, even if the dog nail driving position is close to the butt end, the dog nails cannot be driven into the plugs. By placing the concrete in place, there will be no shear failure or cracking near the end of the sleeper, and there will be no chance of the dog falling out of the sleeper.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view illustrating the sleeper of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view illustrating the method of driving nails of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a partially cutaway enlarged perspective view illustrating the dimensional relationship when the plug is inserted into the hole in the sleeper body, and Figure 4 (aL
(b) is a sectional view explaining the conventional example, and Fig. 5 (
FIGS. 7A and 8B are partially cutaway enlarged perspective views showing the state of destruction near the end of a sleeper when dog nails are driven in the conventional example. Explanation of symbols 1. Main body of the sleeper, 3. Fiber, 4. Drilling hole, 5. End, 6. Plug, 7. Fiber inside the plug, 8. Rail.
9. Dog nail. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sleeper main body in which the fibers are arranged in the longitudinal direction,
A hole with a diameter of 1.5 times or more the dog nail side length is drilled, an implant having approximately the same diameter as the drilled hole and having fibers arranged in a certain direction is inserted into the hole, and A sleeper characterized in that the direction in which the fibers of the plugs are arranged intersects with the direction in which the fibers in the sleeper main body are arranged. 2. A step of drilling a hole with a diameter of 1.5 times or more the side length of the dog nail at the position where the dog nail is to be driven in the main body of the sleeper, where the fiber direction is the longitudinal direction, and the drilling hole is approximately A step of inserting a plug having the same diameter and fibers arranged in a certain direction into the drilled hole via an adhesive so that the fiber direction of the plug intersects with the fiber direction of the sleeper main body; A method for driving a dog nail, which includes the step of driving a dog nail approximately in the center of the inserted plug.